The lightweight designs of automobiles and space shuttles have raised the bar for aluminum (Al) and its alloys. Graphene (GP) has found widespread application in aluminum matrix composites due to i...
汽车和航天飞机的轻量化设计提高了铝及其合金的标准。石墨烯(GP)在铝基复合材料中得到了广泛的应用。
{"title":"Mechanical and conductivity properties of 6061Al matrix composites reinforced with different pH Cu-coated graphene","authors":"Ming Lei, Ting Zhou, Jing Xu, Qiufen Tu, Lijun Zhou, Yong Zhao","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2287330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2287330","url":null,"abstract":"The lightweight designs of automobiles and space shuttles have raised the bar for aluminum (Al) and its alloys. Graphene (GP) has found widespread application in aluminum matrix composites due to i...","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.1080/09276440.2023.2279398
Yu Chen, Jian Mao, Bo Qian, Man Zhao
ABSTRACTAdditive manufacturing technology brings new revolutionary potential for the development of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites developed using fused deposition modeling technology have the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, light weight, and flexible design, which is the solution direction for low-cost, rapid, and flexible application of advanced composite materials in the future. In this paper, the preparation of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites with continuous carbon fibers as reinforcement and thermoplastic/thermoset as matrix, surface modification and their mechanical properties are investigated, the interfacial characteristics and properties of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under different pretreatment processes, auxiliary processes and post-treatment processes are studied, and the connection between the micro-morphology and the mechanical properties of this composite is further analyzed. The direction of defect resolution of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites fabricated by fused deposition technology is provided, and the future development direction is envisioned.KEYWORDS: Continuous carbon fiber reinforced compositemolten depositionadvanced composite materialsinterface featuresmicrostructure morphological characteristics Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingNational Key Research and Development Program (2018YFB, 1105301)
{"title":"Progress in surface modification preparation, interface characterization and properties of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites","authors":"Yu Chen, Jian Mao, Bo Qian, Man Zhao","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2279398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2279398","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAdditive manufacturing technology brings new revolutionary potential for the development of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites developed using fused deposition modeling technology have the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, light weight, and flexible design, which is the solution direction for low-cost, rapid, and flexible application of advanced composite materials in the future. In this paper, the preparation of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites with continuous carbon fibers as reinforcement and thermoplastic/thermoset as matrix, surface modification and their mechanical properties are investigated, the interfacial characteristics and properties of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under different pretreatment processes, auxiliary processes and post-treatment processes are studied, and the connection between the micro-morphology and the mechanical properties of this composite is further analyzed. The direction of defect resolution of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites fabricated by fused deposition technology is provided, and the future development direction is envisioned.KEYWORDS: Continuous carbon fiber reinforced compositemolten depositionadvanced composite materialsinterface featuresmicrostructure morphological characteristics Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingNational Key Research and Development Program (2018YFB, 1105301)","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"36 36","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTBamboo fiber is a natural fiber that is ecologically beneficial and one of the best materials to replace lignin fiber for roads, which is still difficult to utilize properly in asphalt mixtures owing to its poor adherence, dispersion, and hydrophilicity. Previous research has discovered that alkali treatment, as an effective treatment approach, may effectively lower the hydrophilicity of plant fibers and improve their compatibility with the matrix. As a result, it is vital to investigate the effect of alkali treatment on bamboo fibers used in asphalt mixtures. The composition and microstructure of bamboo fibers treated with alkali were investigated using SEM and FTIR methods, while the adhesion between the bamboo fiber and asphalt before and after alkali treatment was tested using the fiber pull-out test. In addition, the dispersion rate of bamboo fibers in asphalt mixture was determined by developing a connection equation using the Schellenberg binder drainage test. The performance of bamboo fiber asphalt mixtures was then evaluated using rutting tests, beam bending tests, immersion Marshall tests, freeze-thaw splitting tests, and cyclic fatigue testing. The results showed that the alkali treatment successfully eliminated impurities in the outer layer of the bamboo fibers and reduced their hydrophilicity, which enhanced the asphalt-bamboo fiber interactions as well as the asphalt mixture’s water damage resistance, specifically manifested as the residual stability of ABM was enhanced by 7.8% and the splitting tensile strength of ABM was raised by 12.2%. Furthermore, the surface polarity of the bamboo fibers was reduced, which weakened the agglomeration phenomenon and increases the dispersion rate of bamboo fibers in the mixture by 9%, efficiently improving the low-temperature cracking resistance and fatigue performance of asphalt mixtures.KEYWORDS: Asphalt mixturebamboo fiberalkali-treatedinterface adhesionfiber dispersionroad performance AcknowledgementsThis research was funded by the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Department (JD-202005).Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Data availability statementAll relevant data are within the paper.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the The Science and Technology Project of Hebei Department [JD-202005]; Science and Technology Project of Hebei Department [JD-202005].
{"title":"Effect of alkali-treated bamboo fibers on the properties of asphalt mixture","authors":"Li Xiang, Yanping Sheng, Dahui Xu, XiDong Duan, Haichuan Jia, Shian Cui, Bohan Sheng","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2279401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2279401","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTBamboo fiber is a natural fiber that is ecologically beneficial and one of the best materials to replace lignin fiber for roads, which is still difficult to utilize properly in asphalt mixtures owing to its poor adherence, dispersion, and hydrophilicity. Previous research has discovered that alkali treatment, as an effective treatment approach, may effectively lower the hydrophilicity of plant fibers and improve their compatibility with the matrix. As a result, it is vital to investigate the effect of alkali treatment on bamboo fibers used in asphalt mixtures. The composition and microstructure of bamboo fibers treated with alkali were investigated using SEM and FTIR methods, while the adhesion between the bamboo fiber and asphalt before and after alkali treatment was tested using the fiber pull-out test. In addition, the dispersion rate of bamboo fibers in asphalt mixture was determined by developing a connection equation using the Schellenberg binder drainage test. The performance of bamboo fiber asphalt mixtures was then evaluated using rutting tests, beam bending tests, immersion Marshall tests, freeze-thaw splitting tests, and cyclic fatigue testing. The results showed that the alkali treatment successfully eliminated impurities in the outer layer of the bamboo fibers and reduced their hydrophilicity, which enhanced the asphalt-bamboo fiber interactions as well as the asphalt mixture’s water damage resistance, specifically manifested as the residual stability of ABM was enhanced by 7.8% and the splitting tensile strength of ABM was raised by 12.2%. Furthermore, the surface polarity of the bamboo fibers was reduced, which weakened the agglomeration phenomenon and increases the dispersion rate of bamboo fibers in the mixture by 9%, efficiently improving the low-temperature cracking resistance and fatigue performance of asphalt mixtures.KEYWORDS: Asphalt mixturebamboo fiberalkali-treatedinterface adhesionfiber dispersionroad performance AcknowledgementsThis research was funded by the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Department (JD-202005).Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Data availability statementAll relevant data are within the paper.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the The Science and Technology Project of Hebei Department [JD-202005]; Science and Technology Project of Hebei Department [JD-202005].","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135340719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1080/09276440.2023.2274698
Yong Ma, Mengwei Kong, Tao Wang, Guoping Wang, Zhongjia Chen, Song Zhang, Chengsheng Chu
ABSTRACTSuper duplex stainless steel S32750 has excellent corrosion resistance. It is combined with carbon structural steel Q245R through explosive welding, not only with good mechanical properties but also with a satisfactory economic cost. In this paper, the characteristics of the bonding interface of S32750/Q245R explosive welding composite plate were analyzed. The interface of the composite plate exhibits a consistent wavy bonding interface with vortices. The adiabatic shear band was only observed on the S32750 plate side near the bonding interface, while defects such as pores, cracks, and inclusions were also detected at the bonding interface. The EBSD analysis revealed the presence of a layer of fine-grained grains close to the interface of the S32750 side, and the grains beyond this fine-grained layer were elongated and shaped like fibers. The largest plastic deformation occurs near the interface on the super duplex stainless steel side. The microhardness test results indicate that the highest hardness presents near the interface of the S32750/Q245R composite plate side, with the hardness being slightly higher at the wave waist than the wave peak and trough. The hardness of the composite plate showed a decreasing trend from the bonding interface to the plate edges on both sides.KEYWORDS: Explosive weldingbonding interfaceS32750/Q245R composite plate AcknowledgementsAnalysis and Test Center of Hefei University of Technology was acknowledged for providing characterizations.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
{"title":"Effect of explosive welding on the interface characteristics of S32750/Q245R composite plate","authors":"Yong Ma, Mengwei Kong, Tao Wang, Guoping Wang, Zhongjia Chen, Song Zhang, Chengsheng Chu","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2274698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2274698","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTSuper duplex stainless steel S32750 has excellent corrosion resistance. It is combined with carbon structural steel Q245R through explosive welding, not only with good mechanical properties but also with a satisfactory economic cost. In this paper, the characteristics of the bonding interface of S32750/Q245R explosive welding composite plate were analyzed. The interface of the composite plate exhibits a consistent wavy bonding interface with vortices. The adiabatic shear band was only observed on the S32750 plate side near the bonding interface, while defects such as pores, cracks, and inclusions were also detected at the bonding interface. The EBSD analysis revealed the presence of a layer of fine-grained grains close to the interface of the S32750 side, and the grains beyond this fine-grained layer were elongated and shaped like fibers. The largest plastic deformation occurs near the interface on the super duplex stainless steel side. The microhardness test results indicate that the highest hardness presents near the interface of the S32750/Q245R composite plate side, with the hardness being slightly higher at the wave waist than the wave peak and trough. The hardness of the composite plate showed a decreasing trend from the bonding interface to the plate edges on both sides.KEYWORDS: Explosive weldingbonding interfaceS32750/Q245R composite plate AcknowledgementsAnalysis and Test Center of Hefei University of Technology was acknowledged for providing characterizations.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"10 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136376773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTThis study reports the synthesis of barium-ferrite (BaFe2O4) particles by co-precipitation method, which is employed to prepare BaFe2O4/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/epoxy nanocomposites. Furthermore, the structural properties, ferroelectric and dielectric properties, and electromagnetic attenuation properties are studied. The role of varying concentrations of BaFe2O4, frequency, and temperature on dielectric behavior is studied. In the presence of applied field, dielectric constant enhances as a result of interfacial polarization with increasing BaFe2O4 concentration. The permittivity is highest at low frequency and decreased with increasing frequency. With temperature, initially, dielectric constant increases and then decreases as a result of charge accumulation at interfaces and leads to interfacial polarization as confirmed by ferroelectric behavior. Here, BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy composite (with 40 phr BFO, where phr denotes parts per hundred) exhibited the highest value of saturation polarization (PS) ~0.31 µC/cm2 and low value of remanent polarization (Pr), that is ~0.009 µC/cm2. Moreover, composites exhibited high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of nearly 19 dB for 40 phr BaFe2O4 concentration at 11.3 GHz. Here, the reflection-dominated SE is ~1.06 dB and absorption-dominated SE is about 18.67 dB, which dominates the total SE. The absorption-dominant behavior is depicted by the BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites in EMI shielding as further conferred in the text.KEYWORDS: Polymer compositeferriteinterfacedielectricEMI shielding Highlights BaFe2O4/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/epoxy nanocomposites are prepared.The prepared nanocomposites are ferroelectric.Temperature increases dielectric properties of the nanocomposites.Nanocomposite with 40 phr BaFe2O4 shows nearly 19 dB electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding.BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites show more absorption-dominated EMI shielding compared to reflection.AcknowledgementsWe greatly acknowledge the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India, for supporting the Research Fellowship CSIR-SRF (File no. – 09/1244(0003)/2019-EMR-1) and DST-PURSE Grant to Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur for providing necessary facilities.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Author contributionsConceptualization, methodology, material preparation, data collection, investigation, formal analysis, writing – original draft, visualization: Shivali Meena; Data collection, investigation, formal analysis, writing – visualization, review and editing: Neelam Kumari; Characterization – Vector Network Analyzer : Vishant Gahlaut; Characterization – P-E loop : Chander Shekhar; Characterization – X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, supervision: Supratim Mitra; Validation, resources, visualization, supervision, writing – review and editing : Umesh Kumar Dwivedi.Data availability statementTh
{"title":"Ferroelectric, dielectric, and EMI attenuation characteristics of BaFe <sub>2</sub> O <sub>4</sub> /MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites","authors":"Shivali Meena, Neelam Kumari, Vishant Gahlaut, Chander Shekhar, Supratim Mitra, Umesh Kumar Dwivedi","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2273094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2273094","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study reports the synthesis of barium-ferrite (BaFe2O4) particles by co-precipitation method, which is employed to prepare BaFe2O4/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/epoxy nanocomposites. Furthermore, the structural properties, ferroelectric and dielectric properties, and electromagnetic attenuation properties are studied. The role of varying concentrations of BaFe2O4, frequency, and temperature on dielectric behavior is studied. In the presence of applied field, dielectric constant enhances as a result of interfacial polarization with increasing BaFe2O4 concentration. The permittivity is highest at low frequency and decreased with increasing frequency. With temperature, initially, dielectric constant increases and then decreases as a result of charge accumulation at interfaces and leads to interfacial polarization as confirmed by ferroelectric behavior. Here, BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy composite (with 40 phr BFO, where phr denotes parts per hundred) exhibited the highest value of saturation polarization (PS) ~0.31 µC/cm2 and low value of remanent polarization (Pr), that is ~0.009 µC/cm2. Moreover, composites exhibited high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of nearly 19 dB for 40 phr BaFe2O4 concentration at 11.3 GHz. Here, the reflection-dominated SE is ~1.06 dB and absorption-dominated SE is about 18.67 dB, which dominates the total SE. The absorption-dominant behavior is depicted by the BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites in EMI shielding as further conferred in the text.KEYWORDS: Polymer compositeferriteinterfacedielectricEMI shielding Highlights BaFe2O4/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/epoxy nanocomposites are prepared.The prepared nanocomposites are ferroelectric.Temperature increases dielectric properties of the nanocomposites.Nanocomposite with 40 phr BaFe2O4 shows nearly 19 dB electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding.BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites show more absorption-dominated EMI shielding compared to reflection.AcknowledgementsWe greatly acknowledge the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India, for supporting the Research Fellowship CSIR-SRF (File no. – 09/1244(0003)/2019-EMR-1) and DST-PURSE Grant to Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur for providing necessary facilities.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Author contributionsConceptualization, methodology, material preparation, data collection, investigation, formal analysis, writing – original draft, visualization: Shivali Meena; Data collection, investigation, formal analysis, writing – visualization, review and editing: Neelam Kumari; Characterization – Vector Network Analyzer : Vishant Gahlaut; Characterization – P-E loop : Chander Shekhar; Characterization – X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, supervision: Supratim Mitra; Validation, resources, visualization, supervision, writing – review and editing : Umesh Kumar Dwivedi.Data availability statementTh","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/09276440.2023.2272100
Mengjuan Sun, Tong Yu, Haoran Zhang, Yun Yang, Danni Wang, Yihua Cui, Jinfeng Wang, Lei Pan
ABSTRACTJute fibers (JFs) are considered an excellent reinforcement due to their abundant resources, environmental friendliness, low cost, lightweight, high specific strength and high specific modulus. However, they still suffer from surface defects that result in poor interfacial compatibility with polymeric matrices. This paper proposes a novel strategy that combines carboxymethylation pretreatment of JFs with in situ growth of ZnO nanorods (NRs) to enhance the mechanical properties of JFs and interfacial properties of JFs/polylactic acid (PLA) composites. The results indicate that carboxymethylation is a more effective method for removing pectin from the surface of JFs compared to conventional acid/alkali treatment. Subsequently, ZnO NRs are deposited in situ on the surface of carboxymethylation-treated JFs (c-JFs) through a seed-growth process, resulting in ZnO NRs@c-JFs. The impact of diverse process parameters, namely reaction time (t), reaction temperature (T) and concentration of zinc source (C), on the morphology and size of ZnO NRs was thoroughly investigated. Optimal process conditions were determined to be t = 6 h, T = 95°C, and C = 37.5 mmol·L−1, resulting in well-aligned ZnO NRs that completely filled up the grooves on JFs’ surface. Compared to untreated JFs, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of ZnO NRs@c-JFs increased by 30.4% and 81.6%, respectively, while exhibiting lower hygroscopicity and higher thermal stability. Furthermore, JFs-reinforced PLA composites were fabricated via hot pressing and their interfacial strength was evaluated using a microdroplet debonding test. Compared to untreated JFs/PLA, the combination of carboxymethylation and ZnO growth in ZnO NRs@c-JFs/PLA resulted in a significant 334% increase in interfacial shear strength (IFSS), indicating highly improved interface bonding between JFs and PLA resin, which was primarily attributed to the formation of a ‘zipper-like’ mechanical interlocking structure between ZnO NRs and PLA. This study provides valuable guidance for enhancing the interface of natural fiber/polymer composites and highlights their potential applications.KEYWORDS: Nature fiber-reinforced polymer compositesjute fiberscarboxymethylationin situ depositionZnO nanorods AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52203140 and No.52175329), Innovation Achievement Transformation and Application Project of “Insight Action” (No.62402010212) and the Scientific Research Foundation for Introduced Talents of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 52175329, 52203140]; Innovation Achievement Transformation and Application Project of ”Insight Action” [No. 62402010212]; and the Scientific Research Foundation for Introduced Talents of Nanjing Univer
{"title":"Enhancing the interfacial strength of jute fiber/polylactic acid composites via surface carboxymethylation pretreatment and in situ growth of ZnO nanorods","authors":"Mengjuan Sun, Tong Yu, Haoran Zhang, Yun Yang, Danni Wang, Yihua Cui, Jinfeng Wang, Lei Pan","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2272100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2272100","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTJute fibers (JFs) are considered an excellent reinforcement due to their abundant resources, environmental friendliness, low cost, lightweight, high specific strength and high specific modulus. However, they still suffer from surface defects that result in poor interfacial compatibility with polymeric matrices. This paper proposes a novel strategy that combines carboxymethylation pretreatment of JFs with in situ growth of ZnO nanorods (NRs) to enhance the mechanical properties of JFs and interfacial properties of JFs/polylactic acid (PLA) composites. The results indicate that carboxymethylation is a more effective method for removing pectin from the surface of JFs compared to conventional acid/alkali treatment. Subsequently, ZnO NRs are deposited in situ on the surface of carboxymethylation-treated JFs (c-JFs) through a seed-growth process, resulting in ZnO NRs@c-JFs. The impact of diverse process parameters, namely reaction time (t), reaction temperature (T) and concentration of zinc source (C), on the morphology and size of ZnO NRs was thoroughly investigated. Optimal process conditions were determined to be t = 6 h, T = 95°C, and C = 37.5 mmol·L−1, resulting in well-aligned ZnO NRs that completely filled up the grooves on JFs’ surface. Compared to untreated JFs, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of ZnO NRs@c-JFs increased by 30.4% and 81.6%, respectively, while exhibiting lower hygroscopicity and higher thermal stability. Furthermore, JFs-reinforced PLA composites were fabricated via hot pressing and their interfacial strength was evaluated using a microdroplet debonding test. Compared to untreated JFs/PLA, the combination of carboxymethylation and ZnO growth in ZnO NRs@c-JFs/PLA resulted in a significant 334% increase in interfacial shear strength (IFSS), indicating highly improved interface bonding between JFs and PLA resin, which was primarily attributed to the formation of a ‘zipper-like’ mechanical interlocking structure between ZnO NRs and PLA. This study provides valuable guidance for enhancing the interface of natural fiber/polymer composites and highlights their potential applications.KEYWORDS: Nature fiber-reinforced polymer compositesjute fiberscarboxymethylationin situ depositionZnO nanorods AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52203140 and No.52175329), Innovation Achievement Transformation and Application Project of “Insight Action” (No.62402010212) and the Scientific Research Foundation for Introduced Talents of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 52175329, 52203140]; Innovation Achievement Transformation and Application Project of ”Insight Action” [No. 62402010212]; and the Scientific Research Foundation for Introduced Talents of Nanjing Univer","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/09276440.2023.2268967
L. Selvarajan, K Venkataramanan, K.P. Srinivasa Perumal, Mohammed Yunus, Rami Alfattani, A. Aravindhan
ABSTRACTThe domain of material science has made great strides in recent years, especially in the fields of metallurgy and ceramic materials and the production of highly trustworthy, cost-effective and economically useful components for use in many industries. For the production of contours and intricate forms in conductive materials, Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is by far the most versatile and cost-effective alternative to standard machining processes. In-depth discussion and analysis of the following topics may be found throughout this review paper study. Surface topography and machining properties are investigated in this literature review to determine the impact of mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and thermal material removal techniques. Different characteristics of dielectric mediums are also covered. Non-conductive and conductive ceramic composite performance characteristics, surfacetexture, mechanical and electrical qualities and geometrical tolerances are investigated as a function of electrode material. Through the perspective of composite materials, a variety of electrical discharge devices’ performance metrics and properties are compared and contrasted. The performance metrics and characteristics of a wide variety of electrical discharge machines are compared and contrasted in light of the composite materials in order to identify their distinguishing characteristics. EDM research is being conducted on a variety of sophisticated conductive materials, to explore their unpredictable effects on EDM and their specialized applications. Methods for optimizing the study of composite material and their effects on EDM’s numerous aspects include Design of Experiments, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Response Surface Methodology, Taguchi with Grey Relational Analysis, and so on. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) are used to study the topography of a variety of composite materials and the latest optimization strategies are also investigated using a variety of algorithms.KEYWORDS: EDMmetal removal mechanismtypes of EDMconductive ceramic compositesalgorithmsrecast layersurface topographyoptimization techniques Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
{"title":"A review of spark erosion machining efficiency, characterization and optimization techniques for ceramic composites","authors":"L. Selvarajan, K Venkataramanan, K.P. Srinivasa Perumal, Mohammed Yunus, Rami Alfattani, A. Aravindhan","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2268967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2268967","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe domain of material science has made great strides in recent years, especially in the fields of metallurgy and ceramic materials and the production of highly trustworthy, cost-effective and economically useful components for use in many industries. For the production of contours and intricate forms in conductive materials, Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is by far the most versatile and cost-effective alternative to standard machining processes. In-depth discussion and analysis of the following topics may be found throughout this review paper study. Surface topography and machining properties are investigated in this literature review to determine the impact of mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and thermal material removal techniques. Different characteristics of dielectric mediums are also covered. Non-conductive and conductive ceramic composite performance characteristics, surfacetexture, mechanical and electrical qualities and geometrical tolerances are investigated as a function of electrode material. Through the perspective of composite materials, a variety of electrical discharge devices’ performance metrics and properties are compared and contrasted. The performance metrics and characteristics of a wide variety of electrical discharge machines are compared and contrasted in light of the composite materials in order to identify their distinguishing characteristics. EDM research is being conducted on a variety of sophisticated conductive materials, to explore their unpredictable effects on EDM and their specialized applications. Methods for optimizing the study of composite material and their effects on EDM’s numerous aspects include Design of Experiments, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Response Surface Methodology, Taguchi with Grey Relational Analysis, and so on. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) are used to study the topography of a variety of composite materials and the latest optimization strategies are also investigated using a variety of algorithms.KEYWORDS: EDMmetal removal mechanismtypes of EDMconductive ceramic compositesalgorithmsrecast layersurface topographyoptimization techniques Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/09276440.2023.2268968
Samia Lemboub, Azzedine Boudebane, Said Boudebane, Amel Bourbia, Samiha Mezrag, Francisco José Gotor
ABSTRACTThe combustion in thermal explosion mode of reactive mixtures of Ti–Ni–graphite(carbides, borides, oxides), under load, was used to produce complex composite materials, densified and joined to a C55 carbon steel support. The ignition of the exothermic reaction, carried out thanks to the rapid high-frequency heating of a green compact up to 1573 K, was followed by an isothermal holding at 1373 K for 360 s. This procedure ensured a perfect mechanical assembly between the composite material and the steel substrate. SEM analysis and concentration profiles carried out at the interface testified to the interdiffusion of iron and titanium atoms between the two materials. The maximum combustion temperature (Tmax.) exceeding 2200 K induced the appearance of a liquid phase that assisted densification and joining, and in which a part of the additions was dissolved before cooling. The starting chemical composition of reactive mixtures largely determined the microstructure, hardness and tribological behavior of the composites after the process. Thereby, the maximum hardness (1235 HV0.15) and the lowest wear rate (1.824 × 10−6 mm3.N−1.m−1) were obtained in the sample containing TiC, Al2O3 and TiB2 hard phases. The manufactured samples exhibit no deterioration of the composite by spalling, regardless of the starting composition.KEYWORDS: Thermal explosioncomplex compositesjoiningmicrostructuretribological behavior Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Complex TiC-Ni-based composites joined to steel support by thermal explosion under load: synthesis, microstructure and tribological behavior","authors":"Samia Lemboub, Azzedine Boudebane, Said Boudebane, Amel Bourbia, Samiha Mezrag, Francisco José Gotor","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2268968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2268968","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe combustion in thermal explosion mode of reactive mixtures of Ti–Ni–graphite(carbides, borides, oxides), under load, was used to produce complex composite materials, densified and joined to a C55 carbon steel support. The ignition of the exothermic reaction, carried out thanks to the rapid high-frequency heating of a green compact up to 1573 K, was followed by an isothermal holding at 1373 K for 360 s. This procedure ensured a perfect mechanical assembly between the composite material and the steel substrate. SEM analysis and concentration profiles carried out at the interface testified to the interdiffusion of iron and titanium atoms between the two materials. The maximum combustion temperature (Tmax.) exceeding 2200 K induced the appearance of a liquid phase that assisted densification and joining, and in which a part of the additions was dissolved before cooling. The starting chemical composition of reactive mixtures largely determined the microstructure, hardness and tribological behavior of the composites after the process. Thereby, the maximum hardness (1235 HV0.15) and the lowest wear rate (1.824 × 10−6 mm3.N−1.m−1) were obtained in the sample containing TiC, Al2O3 and TiB2 hard phases. The manufactured samples exhibit no deterioration of the composite by spalling, regardless of the starting composition.KEYWORDS: Thermal explosioncomplex compositesjoiningmicrostructuretribological behavior Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTThe hierarchical carbonaceous nanofillers viz. carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH as 1D), hydroxylated few-layer graphene (FLG-OH as 2D), and hybrid 3D i.e., MWCNT-COOH immobilized into FLG-OH were dispersed into segmented thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) by twin-screw extrusion (TSE). The concentration of nanofillers was varied as 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5 wt%. To increase the level of dispersion, hybrid 3D nanofillers were also incorporated into TPU by producing cellular structures through supramolecular self-assembly route (SSAR). The cellular structure in which the nanofillers were found to be uniformly dispersed was then compounded by TSE technique. The large-scale uniform dispersion was observed at higher loading (2 wt%) by SSAR followed by TSE when compared with direct TSE. Uniform dispersion was found at 1 wt% loading by direct TSE. PU nanocomposite film reinforced with 2 wt% hybrid 3D nanofillers showed good gas barrier property with ~63% reduction of helium gas permeability to 472 cm3/m2/day from 1287 cm3/m2/day of neat PU film.KEYWORDS: Polyurethanecarbonaceous nanofillersextrusionsupramolecular self-assemblydispersion AcknowledgementsThe authors are thankful to the Director, DMSRDE, Defence Research and Development Organization for support, encouragement, and giving permission to publish the article. The authors are very grateful to Dr. Bapan Adak (former PhD Scholar, IIT Delhi) for helping to prepare the samples by TSE and film preparation by compression molding; Mr. Uttam Saha (for ATR-FTIR), Mr. Sanjay Kanojia (for TGA), Mr. Abhisar Hudda, Mr. Shudhanshu Singh (for XRD), and Ms. Ratna Singh (for helping to prepare the manuscript) from DMSRDE, Kanpur (DRDO). The authors extend their gratitude to Mr. Vipul Garg (B.Tech student, IIT Delhi) for his help with cryo-ultramicrotome. The authors are also thankful to ADRDE, Agra (DRDO), for providing the facility for helium gas permeability testing. The authors are very thankful to the Central Research Facility (CRF), IIT Delhi, India (for providing TEM facility), and the Nano Research Centre (NRC), IIT Kanpur, India (for providing FE-SEM facility). The authors are grateful to the Director, DMSRDE, DRDO, Kanpur, for help, financial support, and granting permission to publish their experimental findings.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2269344
{"title":"Large-scale dispersion of the hierarchical (1D, 2D and 3D) carbonaceous nanofillers in thermoplastic polyurethane through supramolecular self-assembly and extrusion","authors":"Subhash Mandal, Debmalya Roy, Kingsuk Mukhopadhyay, Mayank Dwivedi, Mangala Joshi","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2269344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2269344","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe hierarchical carbonaceous nanofillers viz. carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH as 1D), hydroxylated few-layer graphene (FLG-OH as 2D), and hybrid 3D i.e., MWCNT-COOH immobilized into FLG-OH were dispersed into segmented thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) by twin-screw extrusion (TSE). The concentration of nanofillers was varied as 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5 wt%. To increase the level of dispersion, hybrid 3D nanofillers were also incorporated into TPU by producing cellular structures through supramolecular self-assembly route (SSAR). The cellular structure in which the nanofillers were found to be uniformly dispersed was then compounded by TSE technique. The large-scale uniform dispersion was observed at higher loading (2 wt%) by SSAR followed by TSE when compared with direct TSE. Uniform dispersion was found at 1 wt% loading by direct TSE. PU nanocomposite film reinforced with 2 wt% hybrid 3D nanofillers showed good gas barrier property with ~63% reduction of helium gas permeability to 472 cm3/m2/day from 1287 cm3/m2/day of neat PU film.KEYWORDS: Polyurethanecarbonaceous nanofillersextrusionsupramolecular self-assemblydispersion AcknowledgementsThe authors are thankful to the Director, DMSRDE, Defence Research and Development Organization for support, encouragement, and giving permission to publish the article. The authors are very grateful to Dr. Bapan Adak (former PhD Scholar, IIT Delhi) for helping to prepare the samples by TSE and film preparation by compression molding; Mr. Uttam Saha (for ATR-FTIR), Mr. Sanjay Kanojia (for TGA), Mr. Abhisar Hudda, Mr. Shudhanshu Singh (for XRD), and Ms. Ratna Singh (for helping to prepare the manuscript) from DMSRDE, Kanpur (DRDO). The authors extend their gratitude to Mr. Vipul Garg (B.Tech student, IIT Delhi) for his help with cryo-ultramicrotome. The authors are also thankful to ADRDE, Agra (DRDO), for providing the facility for helium gas permeability testing. The authors are very thankful to the Central Research Facility (CRF), IIT Delhi, India (for providing TEM facility), and the Nano Research Centre (NRC), IIT Kanpur, India (for providing FE-SEM facility). The authors are grateful to the Director, DMSRDE, DRDO, Kanpur, for help, financial support, and granting permission to publish their experimental findings.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2269344","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTThe control of the localization of halloysite nanotubes (HNT) in a linear low-density polyethylene/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (LLDPE/EVA, 70/30) blend was studied through three approaches: i) Functionalization of the filler, ii) Addition of a compatibilizer and iii) Modification of the processing sequence. First, the HNT surface modification was carried out with three different organosilanes (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), dodecyltricholosilane (DTCS) and triacontyltrichlorosilane (C30)). Grafting amounts about 0.10 mmol/g were reached whatever the nature of the organosilane. Then, the unmodified and modified HNT were mixed with a LLDPE/EVA (70/30) polymer blend using a microextruder and the localization of the fillers were scrutinized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. It was observed that both the neat HNT and modified HNT were mostly localized in the EVA phase. These observations were also discussed according to the wettability coefficient determined for neat HNT and modified HNT thanks to contact angle measurements. The addition of PE-g-MA as a compatibilizer to the blend containing the HNT-APTES allowed to localize the HNT in the LLDPE phase. Finally, the influence of the mixing sequence of the different components was evaluated by using a twin-screw extruder, and it was successfully used to localize the modified HNT into the LLDPE phase.KEYWORDS: Halloysite nanotubesfunctionalizationextrusionPE/EVA blend AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank Pierre Alcouffe and the members of the Center of Microstructures of the University of Lyon 1 for their assistance in electron microscopy characterizations.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors would like to thank the French National Agency for Research (ANR-18-CE06-0020-03) for funding and the competitiveness clusters Polymeris and Axelera.
{"title":"Control of halloysite nanotubes localization into a LLDPE/EVA (70/30) blend through specific chemical modifications and sequence of mixing during extrusion","authors":"Euphrasie Jasinski, Noëllie Ylla, Aurélie Taguet, Véronique Bounor-Legaré, Pierre Alcouffe, Emmanuel Beyou","doi":"10.1080/09276440.2023.2262252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2023.2262252","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe control of the localization of halloysite nanotubes (HNT) in a linear low-density polyethylene/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (LLDPE/EVA, 70/30) blend was studied through three approaches: i) Functionalization of the filler, ii) Addition of a compatibilizer and iii) Modification of the processing sequence. First, the HNT surface modification was carried out with three different organosilanes (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), dodecyltricholosilane (DTCS) and triacontyltrichlorosilane (C30)). Grafting amounts about 0.10 mmol/g were reached whatever the nature of the organosilane. Then, the unmodified and modified HNT were mixed with a LLDPE/EVA (70/30) polymer blend using a microextruder and the localization of the fillers were scrutinized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. It was observed that both the neat HNT and modified HNT were mostly localized in the EVA phase. These observations were also discussed according to the wettability coefficient determined for neat HNT and modified HNT thanks to contact angle measurements. The addition of PE-g-MA as a compatibilizer to the blend containing the HNT-APTES allowed to localize the HNT in the LLDPE phase. Finally, the influence of the mixing sequence of the different components was evaluated by using a twin-screw extruder, and it was successfully used to localize the modified HNT into the LLDPE phase.KEYWORDS: Halloysite nanotubesfunctionalizationextrusionPE/EVA blend AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank Pierre Alcouffe and the members of the Center of Microstructures of the University of Lyon 1 for their assistance in electron microscopy characterizations.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors would like to thank the French National Agency for Research (ANR-18-CE06-0020-03) for funding and the competitiveness clusters Polymeris and Axelera.","PeriodicalId":10653,"journal":{"name":"Composite Interfaces","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135045890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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