Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i384247
None Ashpreet, Aneetta P. Reji, Shilpa Kaushal, None Shubham
The review “Organic Hydroponics: The Future of Farming” offers a comprehensive analysis of the developing sphere of organic hydroponics, that integrates hydroponic technology with organic agriculture principles. The paper covers the ideas of hydroponics and organic farming while outlining their advantages and disadvantages in contemporary agriculture. It investigates how organic practices are aligned with hydroponic elements such as substrates, fertilizer solutions, pest and disease management. The paper explores ways to apply organic principles while taking into account economic factors, such as using organic sources of nutrients and bio-based pest control. In the study, organic and inorganic hydroponic systems are compared and discussed in terms of yield, quality, utilization of resources, and sustainability. Overall, the report emphasizes the potential advantages of combining hydroponic technology and organic farming methods, providing information for additional study and comprehension of sustainable crop production.
{"title":"Organic Hydroponics: The Future of Farming","authors":"None Ashpreet, Aneetta P. Reji, Shilpa Kaushal, None Shubham","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i384247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i384247","url":null,"abstract":"The review “Organic Hydroponics: The Future of Farming” offers a comprehensive analysis of the developing sphere of organic hydroponics, that integrates hydroponic technology with organic agriculture principles. The paper covers the ideas of hydroponics and organic farming while outlining their advantages and disadvantages in contemporary agriculture. It investigates how organic practices are aligned with hydroponic elements such as substrates, fertilizer solutions, pest and disease management. The paper explores ways to apply organic principles while taking into account economic factors, such as using organic sources of nutrients and bio-based pest control. In the study, organic and inorganic hydroponic systems are compared and discussed in terms of yield, quality, utilization of resources, and sustainability. Overall, the report emphasizes the potential advantages of combining hydroponic technology and organic farming methods, providing information for additional study and comprehension of sustainable crop production.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135569996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carrot is a root vegetable that belongs to the Apiaceae family and the botanical names Daucus carota and Genus Daucus. Carrot is a globally important vegetable crop that provides essential bioactive constituents such as carotenoids, anthocyanins, and other phenolic compounds. Due to the presence of these compounds, carrot is considered as a functional food with potential health benefits for human. In the current investigation, carrot flour was used to create a instant carrot-sooji halwa mix. Carrot flour and semolina were combined to make halwa mix, which was then placed in pouches made of laminated aluminum and packed in the following ratios: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The functional characteristics of water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity bulk density, foam capacity and foam stability were assessed using accepted methods. Increased semolina inclusion with carrot flour resulted in a decrease in the functional qualities of the halwa mix, such as water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity, and bulk density. The cost of carrot-suji halwa mix of different treatments was observed highest for C100 followed by C90, C80, C70, and C60, and lowest for C50. The cost of halwa mix was decreased with an increase in the incorporation of semolina with carrot flour.
{"title":"Analysis of the Functional Characteristics and Costs of Carrot-Sooji Halwa Mix","authors":"None Puja, Suresh Chandra, Deepali Mudgal, None Samsher, Neelash Chauhan, Pankaj Kumar","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i384249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i384249","url":null,"abstract":"Carrot is a root vegetable that belongs to the Apiaceae family and the botanical names Daucus carota and Genus Daucus. Carrot is a globally important vegetable crop that provides essential bioactive constituents such as carotenoids, anthocyanins, and other phenolic compounds. Due to the presence of these compounds, carrot is considered as a functional food with potential health benefits for human. In the current investigation, carrot flour was used to create a instant carrot-sooji halwa mix. Carrot flour and semolina were combined to make halwa mix, which was then placed in pouches made of laminated aluminum and packed in the following ratios: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The functional characteristics of water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity bulk density, foam capacity and foam stability were assessed using accepted methods. Increased semolina inclusion with carrot flour resulted in a decrease in the functional qualities of the halwa mix, such as water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity, and bulk density. The cost of carrot-suji halwa mix of different treatments was observed highest for C100 followed by C90, C80, C70, and C60, and lowest for C50. The cost of halwa mix was decreased with an increase in the incorporation of semolina with carrot flour.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374246
Njodzeven Brendan Tar, Tamajong Elizabeth Vukeh
This work aims to investigate Principals’ control mechanisms: Lack of teachers’ commitment was identified as the problem in question. The main objective of this work is therefore to study the extent to which teachers’ commitment is influenced by Principals’ control mechanisms. The null and alternative hypotheses were articulated to answer this question. Some theories were used to give the problem a significant base. The study used data collected from principals and teachers of secondary schools and simple random sampling (SRS) and purposeful sampling techniques were used to obtain the sample size for principals and teachers in government secondary schools in the Bui Division. The quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed in data collection and analysis. In the quantitative approach, questionnaires were used while in the qualitative approach, we used interviews and observation guides. The findings showed that the principals’ control mechanisms affect teachers’ commitment in secondary schools. Statistically, the calculated value of the spearman correlation index of 0.796 was obtained with a p-value of 0.05. The alternative hypothesis was affirmed that principals’ control mechanisms significantly influence teachers’ commitment. Based on the above results, some recommendations and suggestions were made for policy-making in this direction.
{"title":"Principals’ Control Mechanisms as a Tool of Administrative Behaviour in Influencing Teachers’ Commitment in Secondary Schools in Bui-Division of the North West Region of Cameroon","authors":"Njodzeven Brendan Tar, Tamajong Elizabeth Vukeh","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374246","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to investigate Principals’ control mechanisms: Lack of teachers’ commitment was identified as the problem in question. The main objective of this work is therefore to study the extent to which teachers’ commitment is influenced by Principals’ control mechanisms. The null and alternative hypotheses were articulated to answer this question. Some theories were used to give the problem a significant base. The study used data collected from principals and teachers of secondary schools and simple random sampling (SRS) and purposeful sampling techniques were used to obtain the sample size for principals and teachers in government secondary schools in the Bui Division. The quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed in data collection and analysis. In the quantitative approach, questionnaires were used while in the qualitative approach, we used interviews and observation guides. The findings showed that the principals’ control mechanisms affect teachers’ commitment in secondary schools. Statistically, the calculated value of the spearman correlation index of 0.796 was obtained with a p-value of 0.05. The alternative hypothesis was affirmed that principals’ control mechanisms significantly influence teachers’ commitment. Based on the above results, some recommendations and suggestions were made for policy-making in this direction.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The herbicides used in direct-seeded rice (DSR) may be change the soil’s biotic balance, which could have an impact on the soil nutrient status, health, and productivity. During Kharif season 2016 and 2017, the field trials were carried out using 14 treatment combinations at Agriculture Research Farm of BAU, Sabour, Bihar, India. The findings showed that the various weed management methods used during both years had variable effects on the viable microbial community. The Bispyribac-Na 30 g a.i. ha-1 applied as a post-emergence (PoE) and Pendimethalin 1000 g. a.i. ha-1 applied as a pre-emergence (PE) significantly improved by 121.71% and 134.08% and 74.59% and 91.33% actinomycetes population after compared with weed free and weedy check, respectively at 90 days after sowing (DAS). Whereas highest grain (6667 kg ha-1) and straw (9777 kg ha-1) yields and harvest index (HI) (40.54%) was observed under Bispyribac-Na 15 g a.i. ha-1fb one hand weeding (1HW) at 40 days and was statistically at par with Azimsulfuron 17.5 g a.i. ha-1 fb 1HW at 40 DAS. The herbicides, viz. Almix, Ethoxysulfuron, Bispyribac-Na and Azimsulfuron as PoE and Pendimethalin and Pyrazosulfuron as PE were innocent for soil microbial populations at recommended dose.
在直播水稻中使用除草剂可能会改变土壤的生物平衡，从而对土壤养分状况、健康状况和生产力产生影响。在2016年和2017年的哈里夫季节，在印度比哈尔邦Sabour的BAU农业研究农场进行了14种处理组合的田间试验。结果表明，两年内不同的杂草管理方法对活菌群落的影响是不同的。播后90 d，双嘧菌酸钠30 g a.i. ha-1和戊二甲基灵1000 g a.i. ha-1作为苗期(PoE)处理和苗期(PE)处理的放线菌数量分别比无杂草对照和杂草对照显著提高121.71%和134.08%，显著提高74.59%和91.33%。在40 d单手除草(15 g a.i. ha-1fb)条件下，双嘧菌酯- na单手除草产量最高(6667 kg ha-1)，秸秆产量最高(9777 kg ha-1)，收获指数最高(40.54%)，与40 DAS 17.5 g a.i. ha-1fb 1HW具有统计学意义。在推荐剂量下，Almix、乙氧基磺隆、Bispyribac-Na和azim磺隆作为坡效除草剂，pendimealin和pyazzo磺隆作为坡效除草剂对土壤微生物种群无害。
{"title":"Impact of Herbicides on Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice and Microbial Population in Soil","authors":"Santosh Kumar Dubey, Arun Kumar, Mahendra Singh, Ashok Kumar Singh, Ved Prakash","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i384250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i384250","url":null,"abstract":"The herbicides used in direct-seeded rice (DSR) may be change the soil’s biotic balance, which could have an impact on the soil nutrient status, health, and productivity. During Kharif season 2016 and 2017, the field trials were carried out using 14 treatment combinations at Agriculture Research Farm of BAU, Sabour, Bihar, India. The findings showed that the various weed management methods used during both years had variable effects on the viable microbial community. The Bispyribac-Na 30 g a.i. ha-1 applied as a post-emergence (PoE) and Pendimethalin 1000 g. a.i. ha-1 applied as a pre-emergence (PE) significantly improved by 121.71% and 134.08% and 74.59% and 91.33% actinomycetes population after compared with weed free and weedy check, respectively at 90 days after sowing (DAS). Whereas highest grain (6667 kg ha-1) and straw (9777 kg ha-1) yields and harvest index (HI) (40.54%) was observed under Bispyribac-Na 15 g a.i. ha-1fb one hand weeding (1HW) at 40 days and was statistically at par with Azimsulfuron 17.5 g a.i. ha-1 fb 1HW at 40 DAS. The herbicides, viz. Almix, Ethoxysulfuron, Bispyribac-Na and Azimsulfuron as PoE and Pendimethalin and Pyrazosulfuron as PE were innocent for soil microbial populations at recommended dose.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374245
Tahirou Djara, Carlos Amoussou
This paper provides an overview of the methods and techniques used to ensure the security and privacy protection of Natural Language Processing (NLP) based test scoring systems. NLPs improve the accuracy and efficiency of correction systems. However, these systems process sensitive data such as student responses, which raises security and privacy concerns. We examine the components of such a system and then propose measures such as access controls, homomorphic encryption, firewalls and blockchain mixed together to secure the system. Next, we safeguard privacy through methods such as differential privacy protection, anonymization and pseudonymization of data. In addition, we insist on the integration of a browser monitoring module to detect any cheating during composition. In this article we partly present a system called "GestStudent New Generation" in which we integrate most of the security concepts to secure the whole system and guarantee privacy protection. Finally, we conclude by stressing the importance of continuous evaluation of these security and privacy measures to ensure the trust and reliability of NLP-based examination marking systems.
本文概述了用于确保基于自然语言处理(NLP)的考试评分系统的安全性和隐私保护的方法和技术。nlp提高了校正系统的准确性和效率。然而，这些系统处理敏感数据，如学生的回答，这引起了安全和隐私问题。我们研究了这样一个系统的组成部分，然后提出了诸如访问控制、同态加密、防火墙和区块链混合在一起来保护系统的措施。接下来，我们通过差异隐私保护、数据匿名化和假名化等方法来保护隐私。此外，我们坚持集成一个浏览器监控模块，以检测任何作弊在作文。在本文中，我们部分介绍了一个称为“GestStudent New Generation”的系统，在该系统中，我们集成了大多数安全概念，以确保整个系统的安全性并保证隐私保护。最后，我们强调了持续评估这些安全和隐私措施的重要性，以确保基于nlp的考试阅卷系统的信任和可靠性。
{"title":"Steps for Security and Privacy Protection in NLP-based Marking Systems","authors":"Tahirou Djara, Carlos Amoussou","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374245","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the methods and techniques used to ensure the security and privacy protection of Natural Language Processing (NLP) based test scoring systems. NLPs improve the accuracy and efficiency of correction systems. However, these systems process sensitive data such as student responses, which raises security and privacy concerns. We examine the components of such a system and then propose measures such as access controls, homomorphic encryption, firewalls and blockchain mixed together to secure the system. Next, we safeguard privacy through methods such as differential privacy protection, anonymization and pseudonymization of data. In addition, we insist on the integration of a browser monitoring module to detect any cheating during composition. In this article we partly present a system called \"GestStudent New Generation\" in which we integrate most of the security concepts to secure the whole system and guarantee privacy protection. Finally, we conclude by stressing the importance of continuous evaluation of these security and privacy measures to ensure the trust and reliability of NLP-based examination marking systems.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374244
P. M. Oza, N. H. Vasoya, R. P. Vansdadiya
Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon-based material, holds significant promise for elevating the performance of energy storage technologies such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. This review article aims to present the latest advancements in utilizing graphene for energy storage devices, with a focus on developments occurring in the past few months. These advancements involve the integration of graphene-based materials into the device designs to augment their efficiency, longevity, and stability, ultimately driving the evolution of advanced energy storage systems. Realizing graphene's full potential as an energy storage material and comprehending its intrinsic properties necessitate further in-depth investigation. Achieving a comprehensive understanding of graphene is imperative before fully harnessing its capabilities in this field.
{"title":"Empowering Energy Storage Using Graphene and Its Derivatives","authors":"P. M. Oza, N. H. Vasoya, R. P. Vansdadiya","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374244","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon-based material, holds significant promise for elevating the performance of energy storage technologies such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. This review article aims to present the latest advancements in utilizing graphene for energy storage devices, with a focus on developments occurring in the past few months. These advancements involve the integration of graphene-based materials into the device designs to augment their efficiency, longevity, and stability, ultimately driving the evolution of advanced energy storage systems. Realizing graphene's full potential as an energy storage material and comprehending its intrinsic properties necessitate further in-depth investigation. Achieving a comprehensive understanding of graphene is imperative before fully harnessing its capabilities in this field.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over recent years, hydroponic agriculture has garnered increasing attention as an environmentally friendly and efficient method of cultivation. This review paper delves into the possibilities of enhancing hydroponics by exploring the use of biofertilizers and plant growth promoters (PGPs). Biofertilizers, which consist of beneficial bacteria and fungi, present an innovative approach to nutrient management, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers. The paper investigates the application of Biofertilizers in hydroponic systems, assessing their potential to improve nutrient absorption, enhance plant health, and elevate crop yields in certain crops. Simultaneously, it scrutinizes the roles of PGPs, encompassing auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, and other plant hormones, within the context of hydroponic crop development. Additionally, the review delves into the compatibility, recommended dosages and application methods of biofertilizers and PGPs in hydroponics, emphasizing their seamless integration with nutrient management strategies. The paper also addresses sustainable agricultural practices and their role in minimizing environmental impacts, thereby aligning biofertilizer and PGP application with the core principles of hydroponic cultivation. In conclusion, this comprehensive review offers valuable insights to hydroponic growers and researchers, enabling them to harness the potential of these natural partnerships for optimizing crop productivity while simultaneously reducing the ecological footprint of hydroponic systems.
{"title":"Utilization of Biofertilizers and Plant Growth Promoters in Hydroponic Production System","authors":"Kshitij Singh, Vanshika Guleria, Shilpa Kaushal, None Shubham","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374243","url":null,"abstract":"Over recent years, hydroponic agriculture has garnered increasing attention as an environmentally friendly and efficient method of cultivation. This review paper delves into the possibilities of enhancing hydroponics by exploring the use of biofertilizers and plant growth promoters (PGPs). Biofertilizers, which consist of beneficial bacteria and fungi, present an innovative approach to nutrient management, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers. The paper investigates the application of Biofertilizers in hydroponic systems, assessing their potential to improve nutrient absorption, enhance plant health, and elevate crop yields in certain crops. Simultaneously, it scrutinizes the roles of PGPs, encompassing auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, and other plant hormones, within the context of hydroponic crop development. Additionally, the review delves into the compatibility, recommended dosages and application methods of biofertilizers and PGPs in hydroponics, emphasizing their seamless integration with nutrient management strategies. The paper also addresses sustainable agricultural practices and their role in minimizing environmental impacts, thereby aligning biofertilizer and PGP application with the core principles of hydroponic cultivation. In conclusion, this comprehensive review offers valuable insights to hydroponic growers and researchers, enabling them to harness the potential of these natural partnerships for optimizing crop productivity while simultaneously reducing the ecological footprint of hydroponic systems.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135995278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374242
B. Manjunatha, N. Supraja, Venkateshwarlu Yedoti, B. Vijaykumar
Whey solids are well known for their nutritional and functional properties and the same has been well documented. Owing to their excellent nutritional and functional properties of whey solids find numerous applications in food and dairy industry The biological components of whey including Lactoferrin, (beta)-Lactoglobulin, (alpha)-Lactalbumin, glycomacropeptides and Immunoglobulin. Whey contains valuable lactose and proteins. Almost about 80 percent of whey is wasted without being used in country. Whey carries low total solids and has very low shelf life. Thus, the parameters like water activity (aw), pH, redox potential, heat treatment etc, which are bacteriostatic, bactericidal are hurdles. These hurdles may govern many preservations process and more than, one hurdle is often responsible for long shelf life of certain food product. Whey concentrate was preserved by combined effect of lowering water activity (0.92-0.94%), low pH (5.2) and addition of potassium sorbate (0.2%), to achieve a storage life of about 3 months. Lactose, if added in higher concentration causes higher sandiness to ice cream; however, this defect could be reduced by hydrolyzing lactose present in whey.
乳清固体以其营养和功能特性而闻名，并且已被充分记录。乳清固体由于其优异的营养和功能特性，在食品和乳制品工业中得到了广泛的应用。乳清的生物成分包括乳铁蛋白，(beta) -乳球蛋白，(alpha) -乳蛋白，糖大肽和免疫球蛋白。乳清含有有价值的乳糖和蛋白质。几乎80％的乳清在没有被使用的情况下被浪费了。乳清的总固体含量很低，保质期很短。因此，诸如水活度(aw)、pH、氧化还原电位、热处理等抑菌、杀菌的参数是障碍。这些障碍可能会影响许多保存过程，而且不止一个障碍通常会导致某些食品的长保质期。降低水活度的综合作用可保存乳清浓缩物(0.92-0.94)%), low pH (5.2) and addition of potassium sorbate (0.2%), to achieve a storage life of about 3 months. Lactose, if added in higher concentration causes higher sandiness to ice cream; however, this defect could be reduced by hydrolyzing lactose present in whey.
{"title":"Bacteriological, Preparation and Optimization for Lactose Hydrolyzed Sweet Concentrate Whey using Protein Hydrolysate in Ice Creams","authors":"B. Manjunatha, N. Supraja, Venkateshwarlu Yedoti, B. Vijaykumar","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i374242","url":null,"abstract":"Whey solids are well known for their nutritional and functional properties and the same has been well documented. Owing to their excellent nutritional and functional properties of whey solids find numerous applications in food and dairy industry The biological components of whey including Lactoferrin, (beta)-Lactoglobulin, (alpha)-Lactalbumin, glycomacropeptides and Immunoglobulin. Whey contains valuable lactose and proteins. Almost about 80 percent of whey is wasted without being used in country. Whey carries low total solids and has very low shelf life. Thus, the parameters like water activity (aw), pH, redox potential, heat treatment etc, which are bacteriostatic, bactericidal are hurdles. These hurdles may govern many preservations process and more than, one hurdle is often responsible for long shelf life of certain food product. Whey concentrate was preserved by combined effect of lowering water activity (0.92-0.94%), low pH (5.2) and addition of potassium sorbate (0.2%), to achieve a storage life of about 3 months. Lactose, if added in higher concentration causes higher sandiness to ice cream; however, this defect could be reduced by hydrolyzing lactose present in whey.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i364241
B. Manjunatha, N. Supraja, Venkateswarlu Yedoti, B. Vijaykumar
Whey protein concentrate is a source for a number of high-quality proteins, carbohydrates, minerals and water-soluble vitamins and presence of all these components makes it a highly nutritious product. The composition of whey varies with the type of whey, pH and pre-heat treatment given to whey; Whey proteins are highly nutritious food supplements having therapeutic benefits too. The biological components of whey include Lactoferrin, (beta)-Lactoglobulin, (alpha)-Lactalbumin, glycomacropeptides and Immunoglobulin. Ice cream is a frozen product obtained from milk along with required milk products, cane sugar, stabilizers, emulsifiers and edible flavours and colours. The present study pertains to characterizing the ice cream incorporating whey protein concentrate for their physico-chemical properties.
{"title":"Developing Formulation of Ice Cream Utilizing Preserved Whey Protein Concentrate and Characterizing Their Physico-chemical Traits","authors":"B. Manjunatha, N. Supraja, Venkateswarlu Yedoti, B. Vijaykumar","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i364241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i364241","url":null,"abstract":"Whey protein concentrate is a source for a number of high-quality proteins, carbohydrates, minerals and water-soluble vitamins and presence of all these components makes it a highly nutritious product. The composition of whey varies with the type of whey, pH and pre-heat treatment given to whey; Whey proteins are highly nutritious food supplements having therapeutic benefits too. The biological components of whey include Lactoferrin, (beta)-Lactoglobulin, (alpha)-Lactalbumin, glycomacropeptides and Immunoglobulin. Ice cream is a frozen product obtained from milk along with required milk products, cane sugar, stabilizers, emulsifiers and edible flavours and colours. The present study pertains to characterizing the ice cream incorporating whey protein concentrate for their physico-chemical properties.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organic manures and bio-fertilizers are one of the alternative renewable sources of nutrient supply. Bio-fertilizers combined with organic manure influences the plant growth by enhancing root biomass; total root surface facilitates higher absorption of nutrients and increase in yield by reducing consumption of natural sources of energy. In this experiment, various types of organic sources of nutrients (FYM, Poultry manure, Vermicompost and Sheep manure) and biofertilizers (Azotobacter, PSB and KSB) were evaluated in coloured capsicum under greenhouse conditions and their impact was studied on various physico-chemical properties of soil. Observations were recorded on various physical parameters like pH, soil EC, soil OC, soil bulk density, chemical parameters like available N, P, K and uptake of nutrient N, P and K. Data on various soil parameters revealed that T5 (75% vermicompost+ Azotobacter+ PSB+ KSB) significantly enhanced available soil nutrients and resulted in maximizing the nutrient status of the soil after the crop harvest. Highest available N (220.13kg/ ha), P (30.24kg/ ha), K (222.16kg/ ha) was recorded in treatment T5 and was found maximum as compared to all other treatments under study. However, the uptake of nutrients was observed maximum in treatment T9 (RFD). Treatment T5 (75% vermicompost + azotobacter +PSB +KSB) also contributed in improving the physical parameters of soil like electrical conductivity (0.114 dsm-1) and soil organic carbon content (1.37%) than initial status of soil, recording EC of 0.102 dsm-1 and organic carbon content of 1.19%. Additionally, the organic manures also brought the pH of soil to a desired level and pH was declined from 7.02(initial status) to 6.81 by treatment T5 (75% vermicompost + azotobacter +PSB +KSB). But treatment T2 (100% Poultry manure) improved the bulk density of soil and was reduced to 1.22 g/cm3 as compared to initial soil status recording bulk density of 1.38 g/cm3.
{"title":"Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Soil as Affected by Organic Amendments in Coloured Capsicum under Greenhouse Conditions","authors":"Shahnaz Mufti, Danishta Yousuf, Rakshanda Anayat, Ajaz Malik, Faheema Mushtaq, Baseerat Afroza, Rehana Rasool, Ummayiah Masoodi, Nida Manzoor, Ambreena Sultan, Marifa Gulzar","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i364240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i364240","url":null,"abstract":"Organic manures and bio-fertilizers are one of the alternative renewable sources of nutrient supply. Bio-fertilizers combined with organic manure influences the plant growth by enhancing root biomass; total root surface facilitates higher absorption of nutrients and increase in yield by reducing consumption of natural sources of energy. In this experiment, various types of organic sources of nutrients (FYM, Poultry manure, Vermicompost and Sheep manure) and biofertilizers (Azotobacter, PSB and KSB) were evaluated in coloured capsicum under greenhouse conditions and their impact was studied on various physico-chemical properties of soil. Observations were recorded on various physical parameters like pH, soil EC, soil OC, soil bulk density, chemical parameters like available N, P, K and uptake of nutrient N, P and K. Data on various soil parameters revealed that T5 (75% vermicompost+ Azotobacter+ PSB+ KSB) significantly enhanced available soil nutrients and resulted in maximizing the nutrient status of the soil after the crop harvest. Highest available N (220.13kg/ ha), P (30.24kg/ ha), K (222.16kg/ ha) was recorded in treatment T5 and was found maximum as compared to all other treatments under study. However, the uptake of nutrients was observed maximum in treatment T9 (RFD). Treatment T5 (75% vermicompost + azotobacter +PSB +KSB) also contributed in improving the physical parameters of soil like electrical conductivity (0.114 dsm-1) and soil organic carbon content (1.37%) than initial status of soil, recording EC of 0.102 dsm-1 and organic carbon content of 1.19%. Additionally, the organic manures also brought the pH of soil to a desired level and pH was declined from 7.02(initial status) to 6.81 by treatment T5 (75% vermicompost + azotobacter +PSB +KSB). But treatment T2 (100% Poultry manure) improved the bulk density of soil and was reduced to 1.22 g/cm3 as compared to initial soil status recording bulk density of 1.38 g/cm3.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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