Acne vulgaris is a very common bacterial infection caused. Herbal remedies have always give a positive response in treatment of various disease in disorders. The present study works on predicting the probable interactions between the Myristica fragrans bioactives with the bacterial targets via network pharmacology and docking techniques. The bio-actives and disease targets were obtained from open databases and literature review. Protein and pathway enrichment analysis was done by utilizing metascape and STRING tool. Cytoscape tool were utilized for construction of network. The compounds were further assessed using molsoft tools and docking was done using auto-dock tools. The potential bio-actives were selected further the network construction gave insights on the highest degree values. The targets with highest interactions were docked and the complex which showed good binding was selected. It was found that Stigmasterol and Campesterol have the highest potential and can be considered as hit compounds for further studies too.
{"title":"Bacterial network construction and molecular docking approach to study interaction of Myristica fragrans on Acne infections","authors":"Eknath D. Ahire, Amruta Balekundri","doi":"10.54844/cai.2023.0326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2023.0326","url":null,"abstract":"Acne vulgaris is a very common bacterial infection caused. Herbal remedies have always give a positive response in treatment of various disease in disorders. The present study works on predicting the probable interactions between the Myristica fragrans bioactives with the bacterial targets via network pharmacology and docking techniques. The bio-actives and disease targets were obtained from open databases and literature review. Protein and pathway enrichment analysis was done by utilizing metascape and STRING tool. Cytoscape tool were utilized for construction of network. The compounds were further assessed using molsoft tools and docking was done using auto-dock tools. The potential bio-actives were selected further the network construction gave insights on the highest degree values. The targets with highest interactions were docked and the complex which showed good binding was selected. It was found that Stigmasterol and Campesterol have the highest potential and can be considered as hit compounds for further studies too. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"68 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130391092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the beginning of recorded history, tuberculosis has been and continues to be a major health concern all over the world. Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that is caused by bacteria that are passed from person to person through the air. In the past 15 years, the number of new cases of TB as well as the number of deaths has been declining. However, TB is still a very serious condition. The lungs are the most common target of tuberculosis infection; nevertheless, the disease can attack and harm any region of the body, including the brain, kidneys, or spine. Some of the general signs of tuberculosis disease include feelings of sickness or weakness, loss of weight, fever, and sweating at night. In addition to coughing, chest pain, and blood in the sputum, other symptoms of tuberculosis lung illness may include: Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis, The treatment of tuberculosis disease includes the use of various medications, each of which must be taken for a period ranging from six months to nine months (or even longer in the case of drug-resistant TB), depending on the chosen regimen.
{"title":"Tuberculosis as an infectious disease and its prevalence in society current status","authors":"Raj K. Keservani","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0152","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of recorded history, tuberculosis has been and continues to be a major health concern all over the world. Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that is caused by bacteria that are passed from person to person through the air. In the past 15 years, the number of new cases of TB as well as the number of deaths has been declining. However, TB is still a very serious condition. The lungs are the most common target of tuberculosis infection; nevertheless, the disease can attack and harm any region of the body, including the brain, kidneys, or spine. Some of the general signs of tuberculosis disease include feelings of sickness or weakness, loss of weight, fever, and sweating at night. In addition to coughing, chest pain, and blood in the sputum, other symptoms of tuberculosis lung illness may include: Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis, The treatment of tuberculosis disease includes the use of various medications, each of which must be taken for a period ranging from six months to nine months (or even longer in the case of drug-resistant TB), depending on the chosen regimen. ","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116343223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Sen, Preeti Khulbe, Eknath D. Ahire, M. Gupta, Nidhi Chauhan, Raj K. Keservani
Infections of the skin and the soft tissues (SSTIs) beneath it are caused by microorganisms. Variation exists among them in terms of causes, symptoms, and intensity. Impetigo is usually caused by staphylococci. When you touch impetigo sores or their clothing, bed linen, towels, or toys, you risk contracting impetigo. When assessing patients with soft tissue complaints, it is important to take into account viral pathogenesis, especially in immunocompromised patients. It may be difficult to accurately categorise some soft-tissue pathogenic microorganisms. Among the tissues that could be impacted are the skin, skeletal muscle, fascia, and subcutaneous tissue. Impetigo is characterized by mouth and nasal sores. The wounds bleed freely, leak pus for a few days, and crust with honey. Open sores can spread via garments and towels. Itching and soreness are usually mild. Bullous impetigo develops larger blisters on newborns, babies, and children under five. Ecthyma is a severe form of impetigo that causes pus-filled lesions. When an illness is mild to moderate, antibiotics taken orally will do the trick, but when it’s severe but not complicated, antibiotics given intravenously will be required.
{"title":"Skin and soft tissue diseases and their treatment in society","authors":"P. Sen, Preeti Khulbe, Eknath D. Ahire, M. Gupta, Nidhi Chauhan, Raj K. Keservani","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0150","url":null,"abstract":"Infections of the skin and the soft tissues (SSTIs) beneath it are caused by microorganisms. Variation exists among them in terms of causes, symptoms, and intensity. Impetigo is usually caused by staphylococci. When you touch impetigo sores or their clothing, bed linen, towels, or toys, you risk contracting impetigo. When assessing patients with soft tissue complaints, it is important to take into account viral pathogenesis, especially in immunocompromised patients. It may be difficult to accurately categorise some soft-tissue pathogenic microorganisms. Among the tissues that could be impacted are the skin, skeletal muscle, fascia, and subcutaneous tissue. Impetigo is characterized by mouth and nasal sores. The wounds bleed freely, leak pus for a few days, and crust with honey. Open sores can spread via garments and towels. Itching and soreness are usually mild. Bullous impetigo develops larger blisters on newborns, babies, and children under five. Ecthyma is a severe form of impetigo that causes pus-filled lesions. When an illness is mild to moderate, antibiotics taken orally will do the trick, but when it’s severe but not complicated, antibiotics given intravenously will be required. ","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130976601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preeti Khulbe, D. Singh, Anshu Aman, Eknath D. Ahire, Raj K. Keservani
Drugs can be delivered using oral nanocarriers in controlled, site-specific releases. Target receptors are physically, chemically, and biologically conjugated while administering a specific medicine. Since micro carriers have a 200 nm width, nanomedicine typically refers to objects with that size. Drugs can be delivered by nanocarriers to parts of the body that are inaccessible. Nanocarriers cannot deliver large pharmaceutical dosages due to their small size. Emulsion-based nanocarriers often have poor drug loading and encapsulation, which restricts their potential for therapeutic use. Various therapeutic nanocarriers exist. Ultrabright nanocarriers, polymeric nanocarriers, smart nanocarriers, nanocomposites, protein nanocarriers, nucleic acid-based nanocarriers, carbon nanotubes, and nanobubbles are examples of novel nanocarriers. All of them have successfully treated cancer. This review looks at targeted drug delivery methods and nanocarriers.
{"title":"The emergence of nanocarriers in the management of diseases and disorders","authors":"Preeti Khulbe, D. Singh, Anshu Aman, Eknath D. Ahire, Raj K. Keservani","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0139","url":null,"abstract":"Drugs can be delivered using oral nanocarriers in controlled, site-specific releases. Target receptors are physically, chemically, and biologically conjugated while administering a specific medicine. Since micro carriers have a 200 nm width, nanomedicine typically refers to objects with that size. Drugs can be delivered by nanocarriers to parts of the body that are inaccessible. Nanocarriers cannot deliver large pharmaceutical dosages due to their small size. Emulsion-based nanocarriers often have poor drug loading and encapsulation, which restricts their potential for therapeutic use. Various therapeutic nanocarriers exist. Ultrabright nanocarriers, polymeric nanocarriers, smart nanocarriers, nanocomposites, protein nanocarriers, nucleic acid-based nanocarriers, carbon nanotubes, and nanobubbles are examples of novel nanocarriers. All of them have successfully treated cancer. This review looks at targeted drug delivery methods and nanocarriers.","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124366120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To identify factors influencing mycoplasma pneumonia and respiratory diseases as a function of yearly seasons. Methods: Records of respiratory disease cases, as obtained from the respiratory laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University over the period from November 2013 to October 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Susceptible factors, as related to the general data from mycoplasma pneumonia cases, included season of the year along with the age and gender of the patients. Results: Statistically significant differences in mycoplasma pneumonia were obtained among the different seasons (χ2 = 496.24, P ＜ 0.05), ages (P ＜ 0.05) and gender (χ2 = 300.10, P ＜ 0.05). The rate and number of mycoplasma pneumonia cases were highest in the winter and lowest in the summer, with the difference between these two seasons being statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Among confirmed positive cases, infection rates of mycoplasma pneumonia in young and middle-aged patients were significantly greater than that in the elderly (P ＜ 0.05) and the incidence in women was significantly greater than that in men (χ2 = 300.10, P ＜ 0.05). Among the total of all lung diseases sampled, the largest numbers were observed in pediatric cases and the peak period of disease occurrence was over the period from October to January. Conclusion: The incidence of pneumonia shows significant differences as a function of the season of the year, effects which are observed in all ages.
目的:探讨支原体肺炎和呼吸道疾病的影响因素与季节的关系。方法:回顾性分析2013年11月至2018年10月中国医科大学第一附属医院呼吸实验室收集的呼吸系统疾病病例记录。与支原体肺炎病例的一般数据相关的易感因素包括一年中的季节、患者的年龄和性别。结果:肺炎支原体感染在不同季节(χ2 = 496.24, P < 0.05)、年龄(P < 0.05)、性别(χ2 = 300.10, P < 0.05)之间差异均有统计学意义。肺炎支原体发病率和病例数以冬季最高，夏季最低，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。在确诊阳性病例中，中青年肺炎支原体感染率显著高于老年人(P < 0.05)，女性发病率显著高于男性(χ2 = 300.10, P < 0.05)。在所有肺部疾病样本中，儿科病例数量最多，发病高峰期在10月至1月。结论:肺炎的发病率随季节变化有显著差异，且各年龄段均有影响。
{"title":"Seasonal changes in mycoplasma pneumonia and a review of influencing factors of pediatric respiratory diseases","authors":"Yihan Liu, Ling-Bao Gao, Beining Zhang, Min Liu","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0211","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify factors influencing mycoplasma pneumonia and respiratory diseases as a function of yearly seasons. Methods: Records of respiratory disease cases, as obtained from the respiratory laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University over the period from November 2013 to October 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Susceptible factors, as related to the general data from mycoplasma pneumonia cases, included season of the year along with the age and gender of the patients. Results: Statistically significant differences in mycoplasma pneumonia were obtained among the different seasons (χ2 = 496.24, P ＜ 0.05), ages (P ＜ 0.05) and gender (χ2 = 300.10, P ＜ 0.05). The rate and number of mycoplasma pneumonia cases were highest in the winter and lowest in the summer, with the difference between these two seasons being statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Among confirmed positive cases, infection rates of mycoplasma pneumonia in young and middle-aged patients were significantly greater than that in the elderly (P ＜ 0.05) and the incidence in women was significantly greater than that in men (χ2 = 300.10, P ＜ 0.05). Among the total of all lung diseases sampled, the largest numbers were observed in pediatric cases and the peak period of disease occurrence was over the period from October to January. Conclusion: The incidence of pneumonia shows significant differences as a function of the season of the year, effects which are observed in all ages.","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134590718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meng-meng Zhao, Qiuliang Ji, Surendra Shrestha, Yuan Zhang, Jingyun Shi
This report describes a 68-year-old woman with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (“bronchiectasis”) associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. She presented with cough, expectoration, bronchiectasis, and a negative QuantiFERON tuberculosis (QFT) test. But her sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) tested acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positive. The patient had a nine-year history of autoimmune liver disease and was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis for 1 year. Metagenomics next generation sequencing (mNGS) of her BALF sample reported positive for NTM and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). According to the patient's clinical features and consultations with respiratory and tuberculosis specialists, the patient was not prescribed anti-tuberculosis treatment. Rather, her symptoms improved with anti-PA treatment. This case report also emphasizes the importance of avoiding anti-tuberculosis treatment immediately after an initial diagnosis of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pneumonia.report also emphasizes the importance of avoiding anti-tuberculosis treatment immediately after an initial diagnosis of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pneumonia.
{"title":"A case of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection diagnosed by metagenome sequencing","authors":"Meng-meng Zhao, Qiuliang Ji, Surendra Shrestha, Yuan Zhang, Jingyun Shi","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0162","url":null,"abstract":"This report describes a 68-year-old woman with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (“bronchiectasis”) associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. She presented with cough, expectoration, bronchiectasis, and a negative QuantiFERON tuberculosis (QFT) test. But her sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) tested acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positive. The patient had a nine-year history of autoimmune liver disease and was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis for 1 year. Metagenomics next generation sequencing (mNGS) of her BALF sample reported positive for NTM and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). According to the patient's clinical features and consultations with respiratory and tuberculosis specialists, the patient was not prescribed anti-tuberculosis treatment. Rather, her symptoms improved with anti-PA treatment. This case report also emphasizes the importance of avoiding anti-tuberculosis treatment immediately after an initial diagnosis of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pneumonia.report also emphasizes the importance of avoiding anti-tuberculosis treatment immediately after an initial diagnosis of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131995345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A large number of papers have been published since the discovery of the monkeypox virus (MPXV). In 2022, human MPXV broke out in the USA and many European countries, and on July 23 of that year, the World Health Organization declared the MPXV outbreak a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern." In this study, we performed bibliometric analysis of MPXV literature published in core journals of the Web of Science core Collection database, which was conducted on 956 articles from 2000 to 2022. We analyzed the publication country, subject category, main authors and institutions, research hotspots of important publications and research frontiers. Through the analysis of keywords co-occurrence, multi-cited literature and co-cited literature, the research hotspots and trends were summarized. This report revealed that MPXV research has focused on hot areas such as infection and vaccination. Since the 2022 human MPXV outbreak, researchers have increasingly focused on infection control, vaccines, and treatment of monkeypox. This article summarizes the research directions and hotspots of MPXV related literature since the 2000, and we hope to provide support and clear research ideas for the future research and prevention of MPXV in humans.
自从发现猴痘病毒(MPXV)以来，已经发表了大量的论文。2022年，人类MPXV在美国和许多欧洲国家爆发，同年7月23日，世界卫生组织宣布MPXV爆发为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。本研究对Web of Science核心馆藏数据库核心期刊2000 - 2022年间发表的956篇MPXV文献进行了文献计量分析。我们分析了重要出版物的出版国家、学科类别、主要作者和机构、研究热点和研究前沿。通过对关键词共现、多被引文献和共被引文献的分析，总结出研究热点和趋势。该报告显示，MPXV研究主要集中在感染和疫苗接种等热点领域。自2022年人类MPXV爆发以来，研究人员越来越关注感染控制、疫苗和猴痘治疗。本文对2000年以来MPXV相关文献的研究方向和热点进行了总结，希望能为今后MPXV在人体内的研究和预防提供支持和明确的研究思路。
{"title":"Mapping trends and hotspots regarding clinical research on monkeypox: A bibliometric analysis of global research","authors":"Zhengyu Zhang, Yuan Yuan, Juntao Tan, Yuxi Zhao, Xiantian Lin, Jia-Yong Ning, Songjia Tang, Xiaoxin Wu","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0184","url":null,"abstract":"A large number of papers have been published since the discovery of the monkeypox virus (MPXV). In 2022, human MPXV broke out in the USA and many European countries, and on July 23 of that year, the World Health Organization declared the MPXV outbreak a \"Public Health Emergency of International Concern.\" In this study, we performed bibliometric analysis of MPXV literature published in core journals of the Web of Science core Collection database, which was conducted on 956 articles from 2000 to 2022. We analyzed the publication country, subject category, main authors and institutions, research hotspots of important publications and research frontiers. Through the analysis of keywords co-occurrence, multi-cited literature and co-cited literature, the research hotspots and trends were summarized. This report revealed that MPXV research has focused on hot areas such as infection and vaccination. Since the 2022 human MPXV outbreak, researchers have increasingly focused on infection control, vaccines, and treatment of monkeypox. This article summarizes the research directions and hotspots of MPXV related literature since the 2000, and we hope to provide support and clear research ideas for the future research and prevention of MPXV in humans.","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124038847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han Liu, Jing Jie, Jin-Wen Luo, Liping Peng, S. Hua, Lei Song, Dan Li
Background: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), China updated a total of seven editions of the official guidelines. We analyzed the treatment of patients to understand how the several editions of diagnosis and treatment recommendation guided the local medical institutions from a regional perspective. Methods: This study included a total of 93 patients who were suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19. We analyzed the use of antiviral treatments, antibiotics, steroid, and life support measures in these patients. Based on the time of admission and the update of the official recommendations, we compared the treatments complied with the updated versions of the diagnosis and treatment recommendation. Results: All the 93 cases received different types of antiviral drugs. There were 41 cases of the use of antiviral drugs did not comply with the recommendations. There were 82 cases who received antibiotics, and 31 cases did not comply with the recommendations. 53 patients who received steroids, but only 3 patients comply with the recommendations. One patient was treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but the timing was delayed compared with the recommendations. 91 patients were cured and discharged, one died, and one was still treated in hospital for other diseases after being tested negative. Conclusions: The antiviral treatment initially involved too many types of drugs, and the duration of medication was too long. There was also an overuse of antibiotics. In addition, the use of steroids did not comply with the recommendations. The timing of intubation for mechanical ventilation and the timing of using ECMO were more conservative.
{"title":"Analysis of implementation status and effectiveness of treatments in the Chinese diagnosis and treatment recommendation for COVID-19 at local hospitals","authors":"Han Liu, Jing Jie, Jin-Wen Luo, Liping Peng, S. Hua, Lei Song, Dan Li","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0071","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), China updated a total of seven editions of the official guidelines. We analyzed the treatment of patients to understand how the several editions of diagnosis and treatment recommendation guided the local medical institutions from a regional perspective. Methods: This study included a total of 93 patients who were suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19. We analyzed the use of antiviral treatments, antibiotics, steroid, and life support measures in these patients. Based on the time of admission and the update of the official recommendations, we compared the treatments complied with the updated versions of the diagnosis and treatment recommendation. Results: All the 93 cases received different types of antiviral drugs. There were 41 cases of the use of antiviral drugs did not comply with the recommendations. There were 82 cases who received antibiotics, and 31 cases did not comply with the recommendations. 53 patients who received steroids, but only 3 patients comply with the recommendations. One patient was treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but the timing was delayed compared with the recommendations. 91 patients were cured and discharged, one died, and one was still treated in hospital for other diseases after being tested negative. Conclusions: The antiviral treatment initially involved too many types of drugs, and the duration of medication was too long. There was also an overuse of antibiotics. In addition, the use of steroids did not comply with the recommendations. The timing of intubation for mechanical ventilation and the timing of using ECMO were more conservative.","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123092575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Autoimmune dermatoses result from immune imbalances due to aberrant immune responses to self-antigens. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), as a member of a highly conserved family of stress proteins, plays an important role in inflammation and immune responses. It has been suggested that HSP90 is related to the occurrence and development of autoimmune dermatoses, but the exact mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this report, we review the evidence indicating a potential link between HSP90 and three common autoimmune dermatoses, bullous dermatoses, psoriasis and lupus erythematosus. In addition, the progress of research involving HSP90 inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets is assessed.
{"title":"Advances in research related to heat shock protein 90 and autoimmune dermatoses","authors":"Xinyun Fan, Xueli Niu, Min Liu, R. Qi","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0075","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune dermatoses result from immune imbalances due to aberrant immune responses to self-antigens. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), as a member of a highly conserved family of stress proteins, plays an important role in inflammation and immune responses. It has been suggested that HSP90 is related to the occurrence and development of autoimmune dermatoses, but the exact mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this report, we review the evidence indicating a potential link between HSP90 and three common autoimmune dermatoses, bullous dermatoses, psoriasis and lupus erythematosus. In addition, the progress of research involving HSP90 inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets is assessed.","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132158098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is currently circulating worldwide. Our purpose was to describe the clinical diagnosis, treatment and outcome of severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: In this study, we collected 86 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 treated in ICU of Wuhan Red Cross Hospital and the Sixth People’s Hospital of Shenyang from December 24, 2019 to February 10, 2021. Patients were divided into death group and survival group. The primary endpoint is the 28-day mortality rate, and the secondary endpoints were the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and the proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Results: The average age of patients was 67.8 years, of whom 62 patients (72.1%) were male, 58 patients (67.4%) suffered from chronic diseases, and 84 patients (97.7%) had fever. The 28-day mortality rate was 53.5% (46/86 cases), and the average time from admission to ICU to clinical death was 7 days (IQR 3–11). There were 60 patients (69.7%) who occurred ARDS. There were 62 patients (72.1%) who required mechanical ventilation. And 37 patients (43.0%) received convalescent plasma treatment. Moreover, 30 patients (34.9%) were injected with tocilizumab. Conclusions: The mortality rate of critically ill patients with COVID-19 is high. The survival time of death cases is generally 1–2 weeks after entering the ICU. Old age, combined underlying diseases and ARDS are risk factors that increase the risk of death. Most critically ill patients require mechanical ventilation. Convalescent plasma and anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody may be effective immunotherapy methods.
背景与目的:由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)感染引起的冠状病毒病2019 (COVID-19)目前正在全球流行。我们的目的是描述SARS-CoV-2感染重症病例的临床诊断、治疗和转归。方法:本研究收集2019年12月24日至2021年2月10日在武汉市红十字会医院和沈阳市第六人民医院重症监护室收治的成人COVID-19危重患者86例。患者分为死亡组和生存组。主要终点为28天死亡率，次要终点为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)发生率和需要机械通气的患者比例。结果:患者平均年龄67.8岁，其中男性62例(72.1%)，慢性疾病58例(67.4%)，发热84例(97.7%)。28 d死亡率为53.5%(46/86例)，入院至临床死亡平均时间为7 d (IQR 3 ~ 11)。60例(69.7%)发生ARDS。62例(72.1%)患者需要机械通气。37例(43.0%)接受恢复期血浆治疗。此外，30例患者(34.9%)注射了tocilizumab。结论:新冠肺炎危重患者死亡率高。死亡病例的生存时间一般为进入ICU后1-2周。老年、合并基础疾病和ARDS是增加死亡风险的危险因素。大多数危重病人需要机械通气。恢复期血浆和抗il -6受体单克隆抗体可能是有效的免疫治疗方法。
{"title":"Clinical diagnosis, treatment and outcome of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 infected by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan and Shenyang, China: A dual-center, retrospective, observational study","authors":"Jingbo Wang, Guozhen Li, Haitao Wang, Lian-Huan Ma, Wei Wu, Yunhai Wu, Jinyang Liu, Guoliang Pan","doi":"10.54844/cai.2022.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/cai.2022.0081","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is currently circulating worldwide. Our purpose was to describe the clinical diagnosis, treatment and outcome of severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: In this study, we collected 86 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 treated in ICU of Wuhan Red Cross Hospital and the Sixth People’s Hospital of Shenyang from December 24, 2019 to February 10, 2021. Patients were divided into death group and survival group. The primary endpoint is the 28-day mortality rate, and the secondary endpoints were the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and the proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Results: The average age of patients was 67.8 years, of whom 62 patients (72.1%) were male, 58 patients (67.4%) suffered from chronic diseases, and 84 patients (97.7%) had fever. The 28-day mortality rate was 53.5% (46/86 cases), and the average time from admission to ICU to clinical death was 7 days (IQR 3–11). There were 60 patients (69.7%) who occurred ARDS. There were 62 patients (72.1%) who required mechanical ventilation. And 37 patients (43.0%) received convalescent plasma treatment. Moreover, 30 patients (34.9%) were injected with tocilizumab. Conclusions: The mortality rate of critically ill patients with COVID-19 is high. The survival time of death cases is generally 1–2 weeks after entering the ICU. Old age, combined underlying diseases and ARDS are risk factors that increase the risk of death. Most critically ill patients require mechanical ventilation. Convalescent plasma and anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody may be effective immunotherapy methods.","PeriodicalId":107566,"journal":{"name":"Community Acquired Infection","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122946310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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