首页 > 最新文献

Current Cardiology Reviews最新文献

英文 中文
Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Contemporary Review of Medical and Surgical Therapy 心脏淀粉样变性:内科和外科治疗的当代回顾
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x240302230925043500
Drew Brownell, Aiswarya J Pillai, Nandini Nair
Abstract: Amyloidosis is a systemic disease initiated by deposition of misfolded proteins in the extracellular space, due to which multiple organs may be affected concomitantly. Cardiac amyloidosis, however, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population due to infiltrative /restrictive cardiomyopathy. This review attempts to focus on contemporary medical and surgical therapies for the different types of cardiac amyloidosis. Amyloidosis affecting the heart are predominantly of the transthyretin type (acquired in the older or genetic in the younger patients), and the monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain (AL) type which is solely acquired. A rare form of secondary amyloidosis AA type can also affect the heart due to excessive production and accumulation of the acute-phase protein called Serum Amyloid A” (SAA) in the setting of chronic inflammation, cancers or autoinflammatory disease. More commonly AA amyloidosis is seen in the liver and kidney. Other rare types are Apo A1 and Isolated Atrial Amyloidosis (AANF). Medical therapies have made important strides in the clinical management of the two common types of cardiac amyloidosis. Surgical therapies such as mechanical circulatory support and cardiac transplantation should be considered in appropriate patients. Future research using AI driven algorithms for early diagnosis and treatment as well as development of newer genetic engineering technologies will drive improvements in diagnosis, treatment and patient outcomes.
摘要:淀粉样变性是一种由细胞外空间错误折叠蛋白沉积引起的全身性疾病,可能同时影响多个器官。然而,由于浸润性/限制性心肌病,心脏淀粉样变仍然是这一人群发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本文综述了不同类型的心脏淀粉样变性的当代医学和外科治疗方法。影响心脏的淀粉样变性主要为转甲状腺素型(老年人获得性或年轻患者遗传性)和单克隆免疫球蛋白轻链(AL)型(完全获得性)。一种罕见的AA型继发性淀粉样变性也会影响心脏,因为在慢性炎症、癌症或自身炎症性疾病的背景下,急性期蛋白质血清淀粉样蛋白A (SAA)的过量产生和积累。AA淀粉样变更常见于肝脏和肾脏。其他罕见的类型是Apo A1和孤立性心房淀粉样变性(AANF)。医学治疗在两种常见类型的心脏淀粉样变的临床管理方面取得了重要进展。手术治疗,如机械循环支持和心脏移植应考虑在适当的患者。未来利用人工智能驱动算法进行早期诊断和治疗的研究,以及新基因工程技术的发展,将推动诊断、治疗和患者预后的改善。
{"title":"Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Contemporary Review of Medical and Surgical Therapy","authors":"Drew Brownell, Aiswarya J Pillai, Nandini Nair","doi":"10.2174/011573403x240302230925043500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403x240302230925043500","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Amyloidosis is a systemic disease initiated by deposition of misfolded proteins in the extracellular space, due to which multiple organs may be affected concomitantly. Cardiac amyloidosis, however, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population due to infiltrative /restrictive cardiomyopathy. This review attempts to focus on contemporary medical and surgical therapies for the different types of cardiac amyloidosis. Amyloidosis affecting the heart are predominantly of the transthyretin type (acquired in the older or genetic in the younger patients), and the monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain (AL) type which is solely acquired. A rare form of secondary amyloidosis AA type can also affect the heart due to excessive production and accumulation of the acute-phase protein called Serum Amyloid A” (SAA) in the setting of chronic inflammation, cancers or autoinflammatory disease. More commonly AA amyloidosis is seen in the liver and kidney. Other rare types are Apo A1 and Isolated Atrial Amyloidosis (AANF). Medical therapies have made important strides in the clinical management of the two common types of cardiac amyloidosis. Surgical therapies such as mechanical circulatory support and cardiac transplantation should be considered in appropriate patients. Future research using AI driven algorithms for early diagnosis and treatment as well as development of newer genetic engineering technologies will drive improvements in diagnosis, treatment and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135647384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Valve Repair in Aortic Insufficiency: A State-of-the-art Review. 主动脉瓣关闭不全的瓣膜修复:最新进展。
IF 1.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X18666220427120235
Leandros Sassis, Pelagia Kefala-Karli, Irene Cucchi, Ilias Kouremenos, Michalis Demosthenous, Konstantinos Diplaris

Aortic valve insufficiency (AI) describes the pathology of blood leaking through the aortic valve to the left ventricle during diastole and is classified as mild, moderate or severe according to the volume of regurgitating blood. Intervention is required in severe AI when the patient is symptomatic or when the left ventricular function is impaired. Aortic valve replacement has been considered the gold standard for decades for these patients, but several repair techniques have recently emerged that offer exceptional stability and long-term outcomes. The appropriate method of repair is selected based on the mechanism of AI and each patient's anatomic variations. This review aims to describe different pathologies of AI based on its anatomy, along with the different surgical techniques of aortic repair and their reported results.

主动脉瓣功能不全(AI)描述了舒张期血液通过主动脉瓣泄漏到左心室的病理学,根据回流血液的量分为轻度、中度或重度。当患者出现症状或左心室功能受损时,需要对严重AI进行干预。几十年来,主动脉瓣置换术一直被认为是这些患者的金标准,但最近出现了几种修复技术,它们具有非凡的稳定性和长期效果。根据人工智能的机制和每个患者的解剖变化选择合适的修复方法。这篇综述旨在根据人工智能的解剖结构描述其不同的病理学,以及主动脉修复的不同手术技术及其报告的结果。
{"title":"Valve Repair in Aortic Insufficiency: A State-of-the-art Review.","authors":"Leandros Sassis, Pelagia Kefala-Karli, Irene Cucchi, Ilias Kouremenos, Michalis Demosthenous, Konstantinos Diplaris","doi":"10.2174/1573403X18666220427120235","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X18666220427120235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aortic valve insufficiency (AI) describes the pathology of blood leaking through the aortic valve to the left ventricle during diastole and is classified as mild, moderate or severe according to the volume of regurgitating blood. Intervention is required in severe AI when the patient is symptomatic or when the left ventricular function is impaired. Aortic valve replacement has been considered the gold standard for decades for these patients, but several repair techniques have recently emerged that offer exceptional stability and long-term outcomes. The appropriate method of repair is selected based on the mechanism of AI and each patient's anatomic variations. This review aims to describe different pathologies of AI based on its anatomy, along with the different surgical techniques of aortic repair and their reported results.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10201877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10720862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical and Structural Factors Affecting Ablation Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation Patients - A Review. 影响心房颤动患者消融结果的临床和结构因素——综述。
IF 2.4 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X19666230331103153
Justin Brilliant, Ritu Yadav, Tauseef Akhtar, Hugh Calkins, Natalia Trayanova, David Spragg

Catheter ablation is an effective and durable treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Ablation outcomes vary widely, with optimal results in patients with paroxysmal AF and diminishing results in patients with persistent or long-standing persistent AF. A number of clinical factors including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, and alcohol use contribute to AF recurrence following ablation, likely through modulation of the atrial electroanatomic substrate. In this article, we review the clinical risk factors and the electro-anatomic features that contribute to AF recurrence in patients undergoing ablation for AF.

导管消融是心房颤动(AF)患者的一种有效且持久的治疗选择。消融结果差异很大,阵发性房颤患者效果最佳,持续性或长期持续性房颤患者疗效递减。许多临床因素,包括肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和饮酒,可能通过调节心房电解剖基底,导致消融后房颤复发。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了房颤消融患者中导致房颤复发的临床危险因素和电解剖特征。
{"title":"Clinical and Structural Factors Affecting Ablation Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation Patients - A Review.","authors":"Justin Brilliant, Ritu Yadav, Tauseef Akhtar, Hugh Calkins, Natalia Trayanova, David Spragg","doi":"10.2174/1573403X19666230331103153","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X19666230331103153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Catheter ablation is an effective and durable treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Ablation outcomes vary widely, with optimal results in patients with paroxysmal AF and diminishing results in patients with persistent or long-standing persistent AF. A number of clinical factors including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, and alcohol use contribute to AF recurrence following ablation, likely through modulation of the atrial electroanatomic substrate. In this article, we review the clinical risk factors and the electro-anatomic features that contribute to AF recurrence in patients undergoing ablation for AF.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10518883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9880418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expert Consensus on Ivabradine-based Therapy for Heart Rate Management in Chronic Coronary Syndrome and Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in India. 印度慢性冠状动脉综合征和心力衰竭患者射血分数降低的以艾伐拉定为基础的心率管理治疗专家共识。
IF 2.4 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X19666230320105623
J C Mohan, I Sathyamurthy, Monotosh Panja, Rajeev Agarwala, C K Ponde, A Sreenivas Kumar, Bijay Kumar Mahala, Vivek Kolapkar, R V Lokesh Kumar, Kamlesh Patel

Heart rate is an important indicator of health and disease and the modulation of heart rate can help to improve cardiovascular outcomes. Besides β-blockers, Ivabradine is a wellestablished heart rate modulating drug that reduces heart rate without any hemodynamic effects. This consensus document was developed with the help of expert opinions from cardiologists across India on effective heart rate management in routine clinical practice and choosing an appropriate Ivabradine-based therapy considering the available scientific data and guideline recommendations. Based on the discussion during the meetings, increased heart rate was recognized as a significant predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes among patients with chronic coronary syndromes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction making heart rate modulation important in these subsets. Ivabradine is indicated in the management of chronic coronary syndromes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction for patients in whom heart rate targets cannot be achieved despite guideline-directed β-blocker dosing or having contraindication/intolerance to β-blockers. A prolonged release once-daily dosage of Ivabradine can be considered in patients already stabilized on Ivabradine twice-daily. Ivabradine/β-blocker fixed-dose combination can also be considered to reduce pill burden. Two consensus algorithms have been developed for further guidance on the appropriate usage of Ivabradine-based therapies. Ivabradine and β-blockers can provide more pronounced clinical improvement in most chronic coronary syndromes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients with a fixed-dose combination providing an opportunity to improve adherence.

心率是健康和疾病的重要指标,调节心率有助于改善心血管结果。除了β受体阻滞剂外,艾伐拉定是一种公认的心率调节药物,可以降低心率,而不会对血液动力学产生任何影响。这份共识文件是在印度各地心脏病专家的专家意见的帮助下制定的,这些专家意见涉及常规临床实践中的有效心率管理,并考虑到现有的科学数据和指南建议,选择合适的以艾伐拉定为基础的疗法。根据会议期间的讨论,在射血分数降低的慢性冠状动脉综合征和心力衰竭患者中,心率增加被认为是不良心血管后果的重要预测因素,这使得心率调节在这些亚群中很重要。艾伐拉定适用于治疗慢性冠状动脉综合征和心力衰竭,射血分数降低的患者,尽管有指南指导的β-阻滞剂给药或对β-阻滞剂有禁忌症/不耐受性,但仍无法达到心率目标。对于每天两次已稳定服用艾韦拉定的患者,可以考虑延长每天一次的艾韦拉啶释放量。Ivabradine/β-阻滞剂固定剂量组合也可考虑减少药丸负担。已经开发了两种共识算法,以进一步指导基于艾伐拉定的疗法的适当使用。Ivabradine和β-阻滞剂可以在大多数慢性冠状动脉综合征和心力衰竭患者中提供更显著的临床改善,射血分数降低,固定剂量的组合提供了改善依从性的机会。
{"title":"Expert Consensus on Ivabradine-based Therapy for Heart Rate Management in Chronic Coronary Syndrome and Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in India.","authors":"J C Mohan, I Sathyamurthy, Monotosh Panja, Rajeev Agarwala, C K Ponde, A Sreenivas Kumar, Bijay Kumar Mahala, Vivek Kolapkar, R V Lokesh Kumar, Kamlesh Patel","doi":"10.2174/1573403X19666230320105623","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X19666230320105623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart rate is an important indicator of health and disease and the modulation of heart rate can help to improve cardiovascular outcomes. Besides β-blockers, Ivabradine is a wellestablished heart rate modulating drug that reduces heart rate without any hemodynamic effects. This consensus document was developed with the help of expert opinions from cardiologists across India on effective heart rate management in routine clinical practice and choosing an appropriate Ivabradine-based therapy considering the available scientific data and guideline recommendations. Based on the discussion during the meetings, increased heart rate was recognized as a significant predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes among patients with chronic coronary syndromes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction making heart rate modulation important in these subsets. Ivabradine is indicated in the management of chronic coronary syndromes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction for patients in whom heart rate targets cannot be achieved despite guideline-directed β-blocker dosing or having contraindication/intolerance to β-blockers. A prolonged release once-daily dosage of Ivabradine can be considered in patients already stabilized on Ivabradine twice-daily. Ivabradine/β-blocker fixed-dose combination can also be considered to reduce pill burden. Two consensus algorithms have been developed for further guidance on the appropriate usage of Ivabradine-based therapies. Ivabradine and β-blockers can provide more pronounced clinical improvement in most chronic coronary syndromes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients with a fixed-dose combination providing an opportunity to improve adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10518888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10341235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heart Failure And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Neurohumoral, Histological And Molecular Interconnections. 心力衰竭与2型糖尿病:神经体液、组织学和分子相互作用。
IF 1.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X18666220617121144
A Ushakov, V Ivanchenko, A Gagarina

Heart failure (HF) is a global healthcare burden and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) appears to be one of the major risk factors that significantly worsen HF prognosis and increase the risk of fatal cardiovascular outcomes. Despite a great knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in HF development and progression, hospitalization rates in patients with HF and concomitant T2DM remain elevated. In this review, we discuss the complex interplay between systemic neurohumoral regulation and local cardiac mechanisms participating in myocardial remodeling and HF development in T2DM with special attention to cardiomyocyte energy metabolism, mitochondrial function and calcium metabolism, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, extracellular matrix remodeling.

心力衰竭(HF)是全球医疗负担,也是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。2型糖尿病(T2DM)似乎是严重恶化HF预后并增加致命心血管后果风险的主要风险因素之一。尽管对HF发展和进展的病理生理机制有着丰富的了解,但HF和合并T2DM患者的住院率仍然很高。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了系统神经体液调节和参与T2DM心肌重塑和HF发展的局部心脏机制之间的复杂相互作用,特别关注心肌细胞能量代谢、线粒体功能和钙代谢、心肌细胞肥大和死亡、细胞外基质重塑。
{"title":"Heart Failure And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Neurohumoral, Histological And Molecular Interconnections.","authors":"A Ushakov, V Ivanchenko, A Gagarina","doi":"10.2174/1573403X18666220617121144","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X18666220617121144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a global healthcare burden and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) appears to be one of the major risk factors that significantly worsen HF prognosis and increase the risk of fatal cardiovascular outcomes. Despite a great knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in HF development and progression, hospitalization rates in patients with HF and concomitant T2DM remain elevated. In this review, we discuss the complex interplay between systemic neurohumoral regulation and local cardiac mechanisms participating in myocardial remodeling and HF development in T2DM with special attention to cardiomyocyte energy metabolism, mitochondrial function and calcium metabolism, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, extracellular matrix remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10201898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9830697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Galectin-3 is Associated with Heart Failure Incidence: A Meta-Analysis. 半乳糖凝集素-3与心力衰竭发病率相关:荟萃分析。
IF 1.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X19666221117122012
Basil M Baccouche, Mattia A Mahmoud, Corrine Nief, Karan Patel, Barbara Natterson-Horowitz

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The global prevalence of heart failure is projected to increase rapidly in the coming decades, and significant attention has turned to improving biomarker-based risk prediction of incident HF. This paper aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the evidence associating levels of galectin-3 with the risk of incident HF.

Methods: A review of PUBMED-indexed peer-reviewed literature was performed. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, and all nine had data eligible for conversion and pooling. A randomeffects meta-analysis was performed using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals from a minimally adjusted model, a further adjusted model, and from subgroups within the further-adjusted model.

Results: The minimally-adjusted model provided an HR of 1.97 (95% CI 1.74-2.23) when comparing the top quartile of log-gal-3 to the bottom quartile. The further-adjusted model provided an HR of 1.32 (95% CI 1.21-1.44) for the same comparison. The positive, significant association was conserved during sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion: There is a significant positive association between circulating galectin-3 and the risk of incident heart failure. Given the complex mechanistic relationship between galectin-3 and cardiovascular pathophysiology, further investigation is recommended for the possible implementation of galectin-3 into clinical risk prediction models.

引言:心力衰竭(HF)是世界范围内死亡的主要原因。预计在未来几十年,全球心力衰竭的患病率将迅速上升,人们的注意力已转向改进基于生物标志物的HF事件风险预测。本文旨在定性和定量评估半乳糖凝集素-3水平与HF发病风险相关的证据。方法:回顾PUBMED索引的同行评审文献。九项研究符合纳入标准,所有九项研究的数据都符合转换和汇总的条件。使用最小调整模型、进一步调整模型和进一步调整模型内的亚组的风险比和95%置信区间进行随机效应荟萃分析。结果:当比较log-gal-3的上四分位数和下四分位数时,最小调整模型的HR为1.97(95%CI 1.74-2.23)。对于相同的比较,进一步调整的模型提供了1.32的HR(95%CI 1.21-1.44)。在敏感性分析中,阳性、显著的关联是保守的。结论:循环中的半乳糖凝集素-3与发生心力衰竭的风险之间存在显著的正相关。鉴于半乳糖凝集素-3与心血管病理生理学之间的复杂机制关系,建议进一步研究半乳糖凝集素3在临床风险预测模型中的可能应用。
{"title":"Galectin-3 is Associated with Heart Failure Incidence: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Basil M Baccouche, Mattia A Mahmoud, Corrine Nief, Karan Patel, Barbara Natterson-Horowitz","doi":"10.2174/1573403X19666221117122012","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X19666221117122012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The global prevalence of heart failure is projected to increase rapidly in the coming decades, and significant attention has turned to improving biomarker-based risk prediction of incident HF. This paper aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the evidence associating levels of galectin-3 with the risk of incident HF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of PUBMED-indexed peer-reviewed literature was performed. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, and all nine had data eligible for conversion and pooling. A randomeffects meta-analysis was performed using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals from a minimally adjusted model, a further adjusted model, and from subgroups within the further-adjusted model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The minimally-adjusted model provided an HR of 1.97 (95% CI 1.74-2.23) when comparing the top quartile of log-gal-3 to the bottom quartile. The further-adjusted model provided an HR of 1.32 (95% CI 1.21-1.44) for the same comparison. The positive, significant association was conserved during sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant positive association between circulating galectin-3 and the risk of incident heart failure. Given the complex mechanistic relationship between galectin-3 and cardiovascular pathophysiology, further investigation is recommended for the possible implementation of galectin-3 into clinical risk prediction models.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10280995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9830723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Role of Thyroid Hormones in Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Update. 甲状腺激素在急性心肌梗死中的作用:最新进展。
IF 1.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X18666220428121431
Rabia Rasool, Ahsanullah Unar, Tassadaq Hussain Jafar, Ghulam Qadir Chanihoon, Bismillah Mubeen

The acute coronary syndrome is one of the commonest life-threatening illnesses. It encompasses the clinical spectrum of acute myocardial ischemia and includes unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction both with and without ST segment elevation. The acute coronary syndrome can be attributed to a significant hemodynamic insult that leads to atherosclerosis of the epicardial coronary arteries. The main causative risk factors, such as obesity, smoking, and alcohol intake, increase the burden of acute coronary syndrome. Owing to an increase in the utilization of antioxidants, the antioxidant capacity decreases concerning the scavenging of lipid peroxides. Moreover, the thyroid hormones are important regulators of the expression of cardiac genes, and many of the cardiac manifestations of thyroid dysfunction are associated with alterations in triiodothyronine- mediated gene expression. Cardiovascular signs and symptoms of thyroid disease are among the most acute clinically relevant findings that occur in combination with both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. By understanding the cellular mechanism of the action of thyroid hormones on the heart and cardiovascular system, it is possible to explain rhythm disturbances and alterations in cardiac output, blood pressure, cardiac contractility, and vascular resistance that result from thyroid dysfunction. Oxidative stress is thereby induced, together with a decrease in antioxidant capacity for overcoming oxidative stress, which leads to endothelial dysfunction, subsequent atherosclerosis, and, ultimately, acute myocardial infarction. The implications for the identification of the effects of thyroid disease on acute myocardial infarction include the observation that restoration of normal thyroid function repeatedly reverses abnormalities in cardiovascular hemodynamics.

急性冠状动脉综合征是最常见的危及生命的疾病之一。它包括急性心肌缺血的临床谱,包括不稳定型心绞痛和伴有和不伴有ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死。急性冠状动脉综合征可归因于导致心外膜冠状动脉动脉粥样硬化的显著血液动力学损伤。主要的致病危险因素,如肥胖、吸烟和饮酒,会增加急性冠状动脉综合征的负担。由于抗氧化剂利用率的增加,抗氧化能力随着脂质过氧化物的清除而降低。此外,甲状腺激素是心脏基因表达的重要调节因子,甲状腺功能障碍的许多心脏表现与三碘甲状腺原氨酸介导的基因表达的改变有关。甲状腺疾病的心血管体征和症状是甲状腺功能减退症和甲状腺功能亢进症合并出现的最急性的临床相关发现。通过了解甲状腺激素对心脏和心血管系统作用的细胞机制,可以解释甲状腺功能障碍引起的节律紊乱和心输出量、血压、心脏收缩力和血管阻力的变化。氧化应激由此被诱导,同时克服氧化应激的抗氧化能力降低,从而导致内皮功能障碍、随后的动脉粥样硬化,并最终导致急性心肌梗死。识别甲状腺疾病对急性心肌梗死影响的意义包括观察到甲状腺功能恢复正常反复逆转心血管血流动力学异常。
{"title":"A Role of Thyroid Hormones in Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Update.","authors":"Rabia Rasool, Ahsanullah Unar, Tassadaq Hussain Jafar, Ghulam Qadir Chanihoon, Bismillah Mubeen","doi":"10.2174/1573403X18666220428121431","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X18666220428121431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The acute coronary syndrome is one of the commonest life-threatening illnesses. It encompasses the clinical spectrum of acute myocardial ischemia and includes unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction both with and without ST segment elevation. The acute coronary syndrome can be attributed to a significant hemodynamic insult that leads to atherosclerosis of the epicardial coronary arteries. The main causative risk factors, such as obesity, smoking, and alcohol intake, increase the burden of acute coronary syndrome. Owing to an increase in the utilization of antioxidants, the antioxidant capacity decreases concerning the scavenging of lipid peroxides. Moreover, the thyroid hormones are important regulators of the expression of cardiac genes, and many of the cardiac manifestations of thyroid dysfunction are associated with alterations in triiodothyronine- mediated gene expression. Cardiovascular signs and symptoms of thyroid disease are among the most acute clinically relevant findings that occur in combination with both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. By understanding the cellular mechanism of the action of thyroid hormones on the heart and cardiovascular system, it is possible to explain rhythm disturbances and alterations in cardiac output, blood pressure, cardiac contractility, and vascular resistance that result from thyroid dysfunction. Oxidative stress is thereby induced, together with a decrease in antioxidant capacity for overcoming oxidative stress, which leads to endothelial dysfunction, subsequent atherosclerosis, and, ultimately, acute myocardial infarction. The implications for the identification of the effects of thyroid disease on acute myocardial infarction include the observation that restoration of normal thyroid function repeatedly reverses abnormalities in cardiovascular hemodynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10201880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9217807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cardiovascular Toxicities with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy. 嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗的心血管毒性。
IF 1.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X18666220623152350
Jashan Gill

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in treating highly refractory and relapsing hematological malignancies in pediatric and adult patients. However, this promising therapy is limited by severe and potentially life-threatening toxicities. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the most commonly observed of these toxicities. The cardiovascular manifestations of CRS include tachycardia, hypotension, left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, troponin elevation, cardiogenic shock, and pulmonary edema. Recent data suggest that cardiotoxicities may be transient and reversible in younger patients with few cardiac comorbidities; however, cardiotoxicities may be fatal in older patients with significant cardiac risk factors. The literature remains sparse regarding long-term cardiotoxicities associated with CAR-T cell therapy. Furthermore, consensus guidelines for monitoring and prevention of cardiotoxicities remain illdefined. Therefore, this review will detail the cardiovascular toxicities of CAR T-cell therapy seen in clinical trials and observational studies, summarize treatment approaches for CRS, outline the currently adopted surveillance protocols for CAR T-cell associated cardiotoxicity, and explore the future directions of research in this rapidly emerging field.

嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞疗法在治疗儿童和成人患者的高度难治性和复发性血液系统恶性肿瘤方面显示出显著疗效。然而,这种有前景的治疗方法受到严重且可能危及生命的毒性的限制。细胞因子释放综合征(CRS)是这些毒性中最常见的。CRS的心血管表现包括心动过速、低血压、左心室功能障碍、心律失常、肌钙蛋白升高、心源性休克和肺水肿。最近的数据表明,在很少有心脏合并症的年轻患者中,心脏毒性可能是短暂和可逆的;然而,心脏毒性在有重大心脏危险因素的老年患者中可能是致命的。关于CAR-T细胞治疗相关的长期心脏毒性的文献仍然很少。此外,监测和预防心脏毒性的共识指导方针仍然定义不清。因此,这篇综述将详细介绍临床试验和观察性研究中发现的CAR T细胞治疗的心血管毒性,总结CRS的治疗方法,概述目前采用的CAR T-细胞相关心脏毒性监测方案,并探索这一快速新兴领域的未来研究方向。
{"title":"Cardiovascular Toxicities with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy.","authors":"Jashan Gill","doi":"10.2174/1573403X18666220623152350","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X18666220623152350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in treating highly refractory and relapsing hematological malignancies in pediatric and adult patients. However, this promising therapy is limited by severe and potentially life-threatening toxicities. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the most commonly observed of these toxicities. The cardiovascular manifestations of CRS include tachycardia, hypotension, left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, troponin elevation, cardiogenic shock, and pulmonary edema. Recent data suggest that cardiotoxicities may be transient and reversible in younger patients with few cardiac comorbidities; however, cardiotoxicities may be fatal in older patients with significant cardiac risk factors. The literature remains sparse regarding long-term cardiotoxicities associated with CAR-T cell therapy. Furthermore, consensus guidelines for monitoring and prevention of cardiotoxicities remain illdefined. Therefore, this review will detail the cardiovascular toxicities of CAR T-cell therapy seen in clinical trials and observational studies, summarize treatment approaches for CRS, outline the currently adopted surveillance protocols for CAR T-cell associated cardiotoxicity, and explore the future directions of research in this rapidly emerging field.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10201875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9233751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
First Trimester Tricuspid Regurgitation: Clinical Significance. 第一个三尖瓣返流:临床意义。
IF 1.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X19666221206115642
Sofia Teixeira, Luís Guedes-Martins

Tricuspid regurgitation is a cardiac valvular anomaly that consists of the return of blood to the right atrium during systole due to incomplete valve closure. This structure can be visualized on ultrasound between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation in most cases. Despite being a common finding, even in healthy fetuses, the presence of tricuspid regurgitation may be associated with chromosomal and structural abnormalities. The evaluation of tricuspid flow and the presence of regurgitation on first-trimester ultrasound has shown promising results regarding its role in the early detection of aneuploidies, congenital heart defects, and other adverse perinatal outcomes. This review article aims to demonstrate the importance of tricuspid regurgitation as a secondary marker, and consequently, significant benefits of its early detection when added to the combined first-trimester screening. Its value will be discussed, namely its sensitivity and specificity, alone and together with other current markers in the fetal assessment performed in the first-trimester ultrasound.

三尖瓣反流是一种心脏瓣膜异常,包括在收缩期由于瓣膜闭合不完全而导致血液回流到右心房。在大多数情况下,这种结构可以在妊娠11至14周的超声波上观察到。尽管这是一个常见的发现,即使在健康胎儿中,三尖瓣反流的存在也可能与染色体和结构异常有关。妊娠早期超声对三尖瓣血流和是否存在反流的评估显示,其在早期发现非整倍体、先天性心脏缺陷和其他不良围产期结局方面的作用具有良好的效果。这篇综述文章旨在证明三尖瓣反流作为次要标志物的重要性,因此,将其添加到妊娠早期联合筛查中时,早期检测的显著益处。将单独讨论其价值,即其敏感性和特异性,以及与其他当前标记物一起在妊娠早期超声中进行的胎儿评估中的价值。
{"title":"First Trimester Tricuspid Regurgitation: Clinical Significance.","authors":"Sofia Teixeira, Luís Guedes-Martins","doi":"10.2174/1573403X19666221206115642","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X19666221206115642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tricuspid regurgitation is a cardiac valvular anomaly that consists of the return of blood to the right atrium during systole due to incomplete valve closure. This structure can be visualized on ultrasound between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation in most cases. Despite being a common finding, even in healthy fetuses, the presence of tricuspid regurgitation may be associated with chromosomal and structural abnormalities. The evaluation of tricuspid flow and the presence of regurgitation on first-trimester ultrasound has shown promising results regarding its role in the early detection of aneuploidies, congenital heart defects, and other adverse perinatal outcomes. This review article aims to demonstrate the importance of tricuspid regurgitation as a secondary marker, and consequently, significant benefits of its early detection when added to the combined first-trimester screening. Its value will be discussed, namely its sensitivity and specificity, alone and together with other current markers in the fetal assessment performed in the first-trimester ultrasound.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10280996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9771923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Systematic Review of Arterial Dissections in COVID-19 Patients. 新冠肺炎患者动脉夹层的系统回顾。
IF 1.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573403X18666220628093303
Betsy Abraham, Sherman David Mathew, Kannan Sridharan

Introduction: COVID-19 is often seen presenting with a myriad of signs and symptoms of multiorgan dysfunction including arterial dissection.

Methods: Various theories have been proposed such as endothelial dysfunction triggered by hyperinflammatory response that results in rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent dissection.

Results: However, the exact incidence is unknown and only case reports and case series have been published till date.

Conclusion: Here we carried out a systematic analysis of published case reports/series related to dissection of the aorta, coronary, cerebral, vertebral, cervical, renal, and splanchnic arteries.

简介:新冠肺炎通常表现为多种多器官功能障碍的体征和症状,包括动脉夹层。方法:人们提出了各种理论,如高炎症反应引发的内皮功能障碍导致动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂和随后的夹层。结果:然而,确切的发病率尚不清楚,迄今为止只发表了病例报告和病例系列。结论:在这里,我们对已发表的与主动脉、冠状动脉、脑动脉、椎动脉、颈动脉、肾动脉和内脏动脉夹层相关的病例报告/系列进行了系统分析。
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Arterial Dissections in COVID-19 Patients.","authors":"Betsy Abraham, Sherman David Mathew, Kannan Sridharan","doi":"10.2174/1573403X18666220628093303","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573403X18666220628093303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 is often seen presenting with a myriad of signs and symptoms of multiorgan dysfunction including arterial dissection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various theories have been proposed such as endothelial dysfunction triggered by hyperinflammatory response that results in rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent dissection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>However, the exact incidence is unknown and only case reports and case series have been published till date.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Here we carried out a systematic analysis of published case reports/series related to dissection of the aorta, coronary, cerebral, vertebral, cervical, renal, and splanchnic arteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10201876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10721366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
Current Cardiology Reviews
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1