This paper focuses on memory fragmentation as a result of gender relations between sexes that leads to trauma. A reading of Emeka Nwabueze’s The Dragon’s Funeral and Tess Onwueme’s Then She Said It reveals that patriarchy plays a negative role on both male and female genders and this places the study to hinge on the assumption that the dramatic world of Nwabueze and Onwueme is a patriarchal constructed society where both male and female genders suffer marginalization and look forward for liberation. This brings to focus the fragmentation of the psyches of both genders as a result of the traumatic experiences which they encounter in the process of patriarchal resistance and subordination. The study uses postcolonial feminism and psychoanalysis as its theoretical standpoint to demonstrate the oppressive nature of patriarchy on both genders which affects their psyches negatively in a society that subordinates women as well as men. It further underscores that the stereotypical perception of both gender acts also reinforces the fragmentation of psyches of women and men, thus revealing the mechanism of gender inequality that results in the fragmentation of the psyches of women and men as human beings who are constructed to speak in silence. The study, however, concludes that forms of patriarchal oppression, exploitation and subordination greatly contribute to the dissociation of the memories of victims of patriarchy and oppression as a result of trauma.
{"title":"Fragmented psyche and postcolonial feminist construction: A study of Emeka Nwabueze’s The dragon’s funeral and tess Onwueme’s Then she said it","authors":"Walter Yong","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v2i1.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v2i1.136","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on memory fragmentation as a result of gender relations between sexes that leads to trauma. A reading of Emeka Nwabueze’s The Dragon’s Funeral and Tess Onwueme’s Then She Said It reveals that patriarchy plays a negative role on both male and female genders and this places the study to hinge on the assumption that the dramatic world of Nwabueze and Onwueme is a patriarchal constructed society where both male and female genders suffer marginalization and look forward for liberation. This brings to focus the fragmentation of the psyches of both genders as a result of the traumatic experiences which they encounter in the process of patriarchal resistance and subordination. The study uses postcolonial feminism and psychoanalysis as its theoretical standpoint to demonstrate the oppressive nature of patriarchy on both genders which affects their psyches negatively in a society that subordinates women as well as men. It further underscores that the stereotypical perception of both gender acts also reinforces the fragmentation of psyches of women and men, thus revealing the mechanism of gender inequality that results in the fragmentation of the psyches of women and men as human beings who are constructed to speak in silence. The study, however, concludes that forms of patriarchal oppression, exploitation and subordination greatly contribute to the dissociation of the memories of victims of patriarchy and oppression as a result of trauma.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115337921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID-19 has been a global menace, hence a lot of awareness is being created in order to defeat the global menace and this awareness is carried out through language. Previous studies exist on lexico-stylistic analysis and the most related one to the present study is the stylistic analysis of a selected election campaign speech of President Goodluck Jonathan. The study looks at the use of words in utterances and their effect in the speech from the lexical, figure of speech, cohesion and context categories perspectives. This current study differs from the previous study because it is not about an election campaign speech but rather it is centred on the role of language in fighting COVID-19 by examining Facebook postings through a lexico-stylistic approach. The study is anchored on the Linguistic and Stylistic Categories by Leech and Short. The survey design was used for the study and data for the study were collected by extracting postings on COVID-19 from the Facebook and this was limited to selected Facebook posts of June and July, 2021 due to time and financial constraints. The findings of the study show that COVID-19 postings on the Facebook are majorly characterised by simple words or words without affixation. They also show that medical registers, figures of speech and collocations are featured in the Facebook postings on COVID-19.
{"title":"Lexico-stylistic analysis of Facebook postings on COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Torkuma Tyonande Damkor","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v2i1.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v2i1.137","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has been a global menace, hence a lot of awareness is being created in order to defeat the global menace and this awareness is carried out through language. Previous studies exist on lexico-stylistic analysis and the most related one to the present study is the stylistic analysis of a selected election campaign speech of President Goodluck Jonathan. The study looks at the use of words in utterances and their effect in the speech from the lexical, figure of speech, cohesion and context categories perspectives. This current study differs from the previous study because it is not about an election campaign speech but rather it is centred on the role of language in fighting COVID-19 by examining Facebook postings through a lexico-stylistic approach. The study is anchored on the Linguistic and Stylistic Categories by Leech and Short. The survey design was used for the study and data for the study were collected by extracting postings on COVID-19 from the Facebook and this was limited to selected Facebook posts of June and July, 2021 due to time and financial constraints. The findings of the study show that COVID-19 postings on the Facebook are majorly characterised by simple words or words without affixation. They also show that medical registers, figures of speech and collocations are featured in the Facebook postings on COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134097061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the relationship between standard language ideologies and ethnicity as performed in music. This is premised against the assumption that research on language and race/ethnicity has tended to focus more on institutional settings and how ideologies about race or ethnicity are (re) produced and sustained through language policies and practices in these settings while little is done to account for how these tendencies are performed out of institutional settings. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines two Cameroonian songs as sites wherein ideologies about standard language are sustained and challenged. The ethnicisation of linguistic sounds in one True Feelings permeates a colonial tendency establishing the standard norm versus the non-standard variety between British English and Cameroon English or New Englishes in general. The purported Standard English is depicted as the norm against which deviant forms are judged. This tendency is decolonised Be Proud wherein plea is made to diversity and linguistic plurality as the alternation between different sound forms and structures is associated to the creative potential of the language. The analysis therefore demonstrates that there is need to consider and amplify the enormous research in the emerging field of Raciolinguistics by extending the debate into informal settings where such ideological work is either sustained or challenged.
{"title":"Languaging ethnicity and decolonising language ideologies in Cameroon contemporary urban music","authors":"Wanyu Ernest Nyamkoh","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v2i1.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v2i1.127","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the relationship between standard language ideologies and ethnicity as performed in music. This is premised against the assumption that research on language and race/ethnicity has tended to focus more on institutional settings and how ideologies about race or ethnicity are (re) produced and sustained through language policies and practices in these settings while little is done to account for how these tendencies are performed out of institutional settings. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines two Cameroonian songs as sites wherein ideologies about standard language are sustained and challenged. The ethnicisation of linguistic sounds in one True Feelings permeates a colonial tendency establishing the standard norm versus the non-standard variety between British English and Cameroon English or New Englishes in general. The purported Standard English is depicted as the norm against which deviant forms are judged. This tendency is decolonised Be Proud wherein plea is made to diversity and linguistic plurality as the alternation between different sound forms and structures is associated to the creative potential of the language. The analysis therefore demonstrates that there is need to consider and amplify the enormous research in the emerging field of Raciolinguistics by extending the debate into informal settings where such ideological work is either sustained or challenged.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132542672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Language has verbal and nonverbal components and both of them complement each other in our daily communication. The former exists in spoken form and the latter uses body movement, musical instruments and sign language to convey meaning. Surrogate language is synonymous with nonverbal communication. This paper investigates the linguistic roles of surrogate language in the select literary texts. The study explores different media of surrogate language and states the roles of surrogate language in literary texts. This study adopts Katz, Blumler and Gurevitch’s Uses and Gratifications Theory. This theory states that audience use the mass media for their own purposes such as information, entertainment, messages, announcements and advertisements. The researcher selected seven literary texts using non-probability sampling method with particular reference to purposive sampling. The researcher made use of both primary and secondary sources such as textbooks, journal articles, theses and dictionaries. The author read, selected and jotted down surrogate language for easy presentation and analysis. It has been found out that in surrogate language, blind people can hear the sounds of the musical instruments and understand, deaf people can see the eye contacts of the speakers without bothering about the speech.
{"title":"Linguistic roles of surrogate language in the select literary texts","authors":"Terfa Aor, Margaret Nguemo Iorember","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v1i1.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v1i1.89","url":null,"abstract":"Language has verbal and nonverbal components and both of them complement each other in our daily communication. The former exists in spoken form and the latter uses body movement, musical instruments and sign language to convey meaning. Surrogate language is synonymous with nonverbal communication. This paper investigates the linguistic roles of surrogate language in the select literary texts. The study explores different media of surrogate language and states the roles of surrogate language in literary texts. This study adopts Katz, Blumler and Gurevitch’s Uses and Gratifications Theory. This theory states that audience use the mass media for their own purposes such as information, entertainment, messages, announcements and advertisements. The researcher selected seven literary texts using non-probability sampling method with particular reference to purposive sampling. The researcher made use of both primary and secondary sources such as textbooks, journal articles, theses and dictionaries. The author read, selected and jotted down surrogate language for easy presentation and analysis. It has been found out that in surrogate language, blind people can hear the sounds of the musical instruments and understand, deaf people can see the eye contacts of the speakers without bothering about the speech.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127913621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a multilingual speech community like Benue State University, Makurdi, where the members thereof have different native language backgrounds and English is chosen to be the official language, members of the university community speak different varieties of language in different domains. The paper entitled ‘Investigating into the varieties of language spoken at Benue State University (BSU), Makurdi’ is set to examine the varieties of language spoken on the BSU’s campus. The survey design was adopted, and questionnaires were used as the instruments for data collection for the paper. The analysis of the varieties of language spoken at the university was based on William Labov’s Variationist Theory which claims that differences are featured in the use of language among individuals based on the contexts. Through the analysis of the data, the researchers discovered that English, Pidgin, and native languages such as Tiv, Idoma, Igede, Etulo, Igbo, Hausa, among others, are spoken at the university. The study also discovered that Pidgin is predominantly used at the university despite the fact that English is the official language because academics and lecture rooms may be the only domains and settings that compulsorily enforce the use of English. The researchers, therefore, suggest that more efforts should be made to ensure a predominant use of English on the BSU’s campus since it is the official and prestigious language of Nigeria.
在像Benue State University, Makurdi这样的多语言语言社区中，其成员拥有不同的母语背景，并且选择英语作为官方语言，大学社区成员在不同的领域使用不同的语言。这篇题为“调查马库尔迪贝努埃州立大学(BSU)使用的语言种类”的论文旨在调查BSU校园内使用的语言种类。本文采用调查设计，采用问卷作为数据收集的工具。对大学里使用的语言种类的分析是基于威廉·拉波夫的变异理论，该理论认为，个体之间的语言使用差异是基于语境的。通过对数据的分析，研究人员发现，在这所大学里，英语、洋泾浜语以及蒂夫语、伊多马语、伊格德语、埃图洛语、伊博语、豪萨语等本土语言都是通用的。该研究还发现，尽管英语是官方语言，但洋泾浜语在大学里的使用占主导地位，因为学术和课堂可能是唯一强制使用英语的领域和环境。因此，研究人员建议，由于英语是尼日利亚的官方语言和享有声望的语言，应该付出更多的努力来确保英语在BSU校园的主导地位。
{"title":"Investigating into the varieties of language spoken at Benue State University, Makurdi","authors":"Torkuma Tyonande Damkor, Stephanie Terna","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v1i1.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v1i1.73","url":null,"abstract":"In a multilingual speech community like Benue State University, Makurdi, where the members thereof have different native language backgrounds and English is chosen to be the official language, members of the university community speak different varieties of language in different domains. The paper entitled ‘Investigating into the varieties of language spoken at Benue State University (BSU), Makurdi’ is set to examine the varieties of language spoken on the BSU’s campus. The survey design was adopted, and questionnaires were used as the instruments for data collection for the paper. The analysis of the varieties of language spoken at the university was based on William Labov’s Variationist Theory which claims that differences are featured in the use of language among individuals based on the contexts. Through the analysis of the data, the researchers discovered that English, Pidgin, and native languages such as Tiv, Idoma, Igede, Etulo, Igbo, Hausa, among others, are spoken at the university. The study also discovered that Pidgin is predominantly used at the university despite the fact that English is the official language because academics and lecture rooms may be the only domains and settings that compulsorily enforce the use of English. The researchers, therefore, suggest that more efforts should be made to ensure a predominant use of English on the BSU’s campus since it is the official and prestigious language of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"517 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127616160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study entitled ‘Non-arbitrariness in the Tiv grammar: An appraisal of onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms’ has debunked a long acclaimed notion that there is no co-relationship between sounds and meanings; that objects or things are called not because of the resemblance. This study substantiates that Tiv grammar has cornucopious instances of onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms which are non-arbitrary in nature. The objectives of this paper are (i) prove that there is a presence of non-arbitrariness in the Tiv grammar; (ii) classify the concept of non-arbitrariness; (iii) establish that it is easy to comprehend words or expressions that are non-arbitrarily used. Peirce’s (1985) theory of sign has been used in this study to establish a convergence between sounds and meanings. This study used observation method and the data were selected using deliberate sampling. It has been found out that language is beyond arbitrariness as established by scholars. Though existed in minute instances, non-arbitrariness in language usage draws attention to such a word hence its sound aids in memorability and attention-grabbing. It has been discovered that onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms are sources of word-formation in Tiv. Non-arbitrary use of language is responsible for capturing sounding, feeling, looking, tasting or smelling of objects. This study has debunked a hackneyed dictum that human languages are solely arbitrary. This study is recommended to grammarians, linguists, lecturers, students, scholars who may want to establish a nexus between phonology and semantics (phonosemantics), discuss the iconicity in human languages and explore the efficacy of onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms as sources of word formation.
{"title":"Non-arbitrariness in the Tiv grammar: An appraisal of onomatopoeias and sound symbolism","authors":"Terfa Aor, Torkuma Tyonande Damkor, Pilah Godwin Anyam","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v1i1.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v1i1.72","url":null,"abstract":"The study entitled ‘Non-arbitrariness in the Tiv grammar: An appraisal of onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms’ has debunked a long acclaimed notion that there is no co-relationship between sounds and meanings; that objects or things are called not because of the resemblance. This study substantiates that Tiv grammar has cornucopious instances of onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms which are non-arbitrary in nature. The objectives of this paper are (i) prove that there is a presence of non-arbitrariness in the Tiv grammar; (ii) classify the concept of non-arbitrariness; (iii) establish that it is easy to comprehend words or expressions that are non-arbitrarily used. Peirce’s (1985) theory of sign has been used in this study to establish a convergence between sounds and meanings. This study used observation method and the data were selected using deliberate sampling. It has been found out that language is beyond arbitrariness as established by scholars. Though existed in minute instances, non-arbitrariness in language usage draws attention to such a word hence its sound aids in memorability and attention-grabbing. It has been discovered that onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms are sources of word-formation in Tiv. Non-arbitrary use of language is responsible for capturing sounding, feeling, looking, tasting or smelling of objects. This study has debunked a hackneyed dictum that human languages are solely arbitrary. This study is recommended to grammarians, linguists, lecturers, students, scholars who may want to establish a nexus between phonology and semantics (phonosemantics), discuss the iconicity in human languages and explore the efficacy of onomatopoeias and sound symbolisms as sources of word formation.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114292005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Kane’s Blasted, published in 1995, starts as a conventional familiar piece but progresses to dreadful cruelty and violence. This play was considered by most critics as an attention-pursuing adolescent play whose plot does not substantiate the extent and grade of violence the viewer/reader is required to sustain. The play was only taken seriously after the Royal Court Theatre did a premiere of it and it aggravated a serious explosion of hatred. The harsh critical responses of this play and two others published after it pushed Kane to publish her fourth play, Crave under a pseudonym, hoping to get a fair judgment and analysis. Sarah Kane’s body of work connects extensively to what Aleks Sierz calls in-yer-face theatre. Her use of referencing, transformational and experimental devices is an indicator that age is not, and shouldn’t be a barrier for literary creativity. As such, Kane’s plays should be taken seriously irrespective of the age at which they were written. The purpose of this article is to do an intertextual reading of Sarah Kane’s Blasted to assess how texts can be interrelated with one another. Incorporating the ideas, styles, texts, theories, and history of writers from Britain and other parts of the world to build up her ideas and style is one of the factors that make her plays interesting and worth reading. In its conclusion, the paper demonstrates that Kane’s first play, Blasted, was seriously influenced by history and the writings of Beckett, Artaud, and Baker.
{"title":"Referencing and transformation in Sarah Kane’s Blasted","authors":"Emmerencia Sih Beh","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v1i1.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v1i1.66","url":null,"abstract":"Sarah Kane’s Blasted, published in 1995, starts as a conventional familiar piece but progresses to dreadful cruelty and violence. This play was considered by most critics as an attention-pursuing adolescent play whose plot does not substantiate the extent and grade of violence the viewer/reader is required to sustain. The play was only taken seriously after the Royal Court Theatre did a premiere of it and it aggravated a serious explosion of hatred. The harsh critical responses of this play and two others published after it pushed Kane to publish her fourth play, Crave under a pseudonym, hoping to get a fair judgment and analysis. Sarah Kane’s body of work connects extensively to what Aleks Sierz calls in-yer-face theatre. Her use of referencing, transformational and experimental devices is an indicator that age is not, and shouldn’t be a barrier for literary creativity. As such, Kane’s plays should be taken seriously irrespective of the age at which they were written. The purpose of this article is to do an intertextual reading of Sarah Kane’s Blasted to assess how texts can be interrelated with one another. Incorporating the ideas, styles, texts, theories, and history of writers from Britain and other parts of the world to build up her ideas and style is one of the factors that make her plays interesting and worth reading. In its conclusion, the paper demonstrates that Kane’s first play, Blasted, was seriously influenced by history and the writings of Beckett, Artaud, and Baker.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125060744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All living languages borrows new words to enrich their own languages. Tiv language has borrowed a lot of loan words from the English language as a result of language contact. This paper analyses phonemic substitutions in the English-Tiv loan phonology. The main objectives of this study are to discuss vowel and consonant substitutions in the English-Tiv loan phonology and to state the implications of English-Tiv loan phonology in the study of the Tiv grammar. This study adopts LaCharite & Paradis’ (2005) phonological Repair Model and Calabrese Andrea’s (2009) Acoustic Approximation Model. The author used both primary and secondary sources in this study. Under primary sources, the researcher compiled the list of English-Tiv loan words through the participant-observer method, and the secondary sources were obtained from journal articles, textbooks, and dictionaries. From this study, the following observations were made: that English-Tiv loan phonology leads to coda declusterisation. Tiv phonology does not have /θ/, /ð/, /ʒ/, /ʌ/ and /ə/ phonemes; so the said phonemes are being replaced by /t/, /d/, /ʃ/, /ɔ:/ and /æ/. It has been discovered that some loan words maintain their original spellings but have different pronunciations. This paper is an advancement of scholarship on phonemic substitutions in the English-Tiv loan phonology, making it an important addition to secondary sources of data on the critical reception of English-Tiv loan words and promoting the Tiv language within and beyond the academic cycle.
所有现存的语言都借新词来丰富自己的语言。由于语言接触，汉语从英语中借用了大量外来词。本文分析了英汉借调音系中的音位置换现象。本研究的主要目的是讨论英语-四元音借调音韵中的元音和辅音替换，并说明英语-四元音借调音韵在四元音语法研究中的意义。本研究采用LaCharite & Paradis(2005)的语音修复模型和Calabrese Andrea(2009)的声学近似模型。作者在这项研究中使用了一手资料和第二手资料。在一级来源下，研究者通过参与者-观察者法编制了英语-英语借词表，二级来源来自期刊文章、教科书和字典。从这项研究中，我们观察到:英语-英语借调音系导致词尾去集群化。音系学没有/θ/、/ð/、/ j /、/ k /和/ k /音素;因此，上述音素被/t/， /d/， / h /， / k:/和/æ/所取代。人们发现，一些外来词保留了原来的拼写，但有不同的发音。本文是英语-英语-英语外来词音位替代研究的一个进步，是对英语-英语外来词批评接受的重要补充，也是在学术周期内外促进英语外来词研究的重要补充。
{"title":"Phonemic substitutions in the English-Tiv loan phonology","authors":"Terfa Aor","doi":"10.57040/jllls.v1i1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/jllls.v1i1.49","url":null,"abstract":"All living languages borrows new words to enrich their own languages. Tiv language has borrowed a lot of loan words from the English language as a result of language contact. This paper analyses phonemic substitutions in the English-Tiv loan phonology. The main objectives of this study are to discuss vowel and consonant substitutions in the English-Tiv loan phonology and to state the implications of English-Tiv loan phonology in the study of the Tiv grammar. This study adopts LaCharite & Paradis’ (2005) phonological Repair Model and Calabrese Andrea’s (2009) Acoustic Approximation Model. The author used both primary and secondary sources in this study. Under primary sources, the researcher compiled the list of English-Tiv loan words through the participant-observer method, and the secondary sources were obtained from journal articles, textbooks, and dictionaries. From this study, the following observations were made: that English-Tiv loan phonology leads to coda declusterisation. Tiv phonology does not have /θ/, /ð/, /ʒ/, /ʌ/ and /ə/ phonemes; so the said phonemes are being replaced by /t/, /d/, /ʃ/, /ɔ:/ and /æ/. It has been discovered that some loan words maintain their original spellings but have different pronunciations. This paper is an advancement of scholarship on phonemic substitutions in the English-Tiv loan phonology, making it an important addition to secondary sources of data on the critical reception of English-Tiv loan words and promoting the Tiv language within and beyond the academic cycle.","PeriodicalId":108341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literary Studies","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114212675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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