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ПРИКОРМ, ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВВЕДЕНИЯ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ 附属物,注射的特征。临床案例
Pub Date : 2017-09-28 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1777
Вера Алексеевна Скворцова, Татьяна Эдуардовна Боровик, Татьяна Владимировна Бушуева, Н. Г. Звонкова, Ольга Леонидовна Лукоянова, Елена Александровна Рославцева, Ирина Анатольевна Гусева
The article presents modern, scientifically substantiated approaches to the introduction of complementary feeding in healthy breastfed infants as well as in infants with overweight and various diseases — atopic dermatitis (food allergy), protein-energy deficiency in the context of chronic cardiovascular insufficiency syndrome, neurological disorders, celiac disease. The peculiarities of various complementary foods are demonstrated in clinical examples.
本文介绍了现代的、有科学依据的方法,在健康的母乳喂养婴儿以及超重和各种疾病(特应性皮炎(食物过敏)、慢性心血管功能不全综合征中的蛋白质能量缺乏、神经系统疾病、乳糜泻)的婴儿中引入补充喂养。临床实例证明了各种辅食的特点。
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引用次数: 1
АУТОСОМНО-РЕЦЕССИВНАЯ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКАЯ НЕЙРОПАТИЯ С НЕЙРОМИОТОНИЕЙ (ARAN-NM): ОПИСАНИЕ КЛИНИЧЕСКОГО СЛУЧАЯ, ПОДТВЕРЖДЕННОГО МУТАЦИЕЙ В ГЕНЕ HINT1 自体衰退边缘神经病变(ARAN-NM): HINT1基因突变证实的临床病例描述
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1780
Ольга Андреевна Клочкова, Алексей Львович Куренков, Н. В. Журкова, К. В. Савостьянов, И. С. Жанин, А. М. Мамедьяров, И. М. Тардова
Autosomal recessive  peripheral neuropathy with neuromyotonia  (ARAN-NM)  is a relatively newly described  disease associated  with mutations  in the HINT1 gene.  It accounts  for a significant  part of the poorly  differentiated  forms  of axonal polyneuropathies.  We present the first in Russia description of the genetically confirmed case of ARAN-NM in a boy aged 14 years and 11 months without the hereditary-tainted anamnesis. On presentation,  the patient experienced  progressive  distal muscular weakness, asymmetric foot deformity,  gait disorders  and minimal manifestations  of neuromyotonia  (stiffness  in the fingers).  During examination,  we detected an increase in the level of creatine phosphokinase up to 635 U/l, a disturbance of conduction of motor and, to a lesser extent, sensory fibers  of  the  peripheral  nerves  (according  to  the  stimulation  electromyography,  EMG),  denervation-reinnervation  changes,  single positive acute waves, fibrillation potentials, complex repeated discharge (according to the data of needle EMG). In the study of exome, a homozygous mutation c.110G>C, p.R37P was determined in exon 01 of the HINT1 gene, which confirmed the presence of ARAN-NM. A molecular-genetic  examination of the patient's immediate relatives was carried out. The described case is compared with literature data. An overview of currently available information on ARAN-NM is provided. Diagnostic criteria of the disease are presented.
常染色体隐性周围神经病变伴神经肌强直(ARAN-NM)是一种与HINT1基因突变相关的相对较新的疾病。它占轴突多神经病变低分化形式的重要部分。我们提出的第一个在俄罗斯的描述遗传确诊病例的ARAN-NM在一个男孩年龄14岁11个月没有遗传污染的记忆。在就诊时,患者表现为进行性远端肌无力,不对称足畸形,步态障碍和轻微的神经肌强直表现(手指僵硬)。在检查中,我们检测到肌酸磷酸激酶水平升高至635 U/l,运动神经传导紊乱,并在较小程度上影响周围神经的感觉纤维(根据刺激肌电图,EMG),去神经-再神经变化,单个阳性急性波,纤颤电位,复杂重复放电(根据针肌电图数据)。外显子组研究中,在HINT1基因01外显子检测到C . 110g >C, p.R37P纯合突变,证实了ARAN-NM的存在。对患者的直系亲属进行了分子遗传学检查。将所描述的病例与文献资料进行比较。提供了关于ARAN-NM目前可用信息的概述。提出了本病的诊断标准。
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引用次数: 0
ВСЕМ СПАСАТЬСЯ ОТ КОКСАКИ?! ИЛИ У СТРАХА ГЛАЗА ВЕЛИКИ 大家都离开考克萨基!或者恐惧有一双大眼睛
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1774
З. А. Алачева, О. Б. Рыбалка, Татьяна Владимировна Куличенко
Every year, an increase in the incidence of enterovirus infection is registered everywhere, including Coxsackie viruses. Parents of sick children are often very uneasy considering these viruses to be extremely dangerous and the disease to be severe one, with possible adverse consequences.  The situation is exacerbated  by many mass media that inform about the epidemic of Coxsackie virus, which causes  a terrible  disease.  The article gives main characteristics  of microorganisms,  modes  of infection,  clinical manifestations  of enterovirus infections as well as measures for prevention and treatment.
每年,包括柯萨奇病毒在内的各地肠道病毒感染的发病率都在增加。患病儿童的父母往往非常不安,认为这些病毒极其危险,这种疾病很严重,可能产生不良后果。许多大众传播媒介报道导致一种可怕疾病的柯萨奇病毒的流行,使这种情况更加恶化。本文介绍了肠道病毒感染的主要微生物特征、感染方式、临床表现及防治措施。
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引用次数: 1
ОПЫТ УСПЕШНОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЭТАНЕРЦЕПТА У ПАЦИЕНТКИ С ПОЛИАРТИКУЛЯРНЫМ ВАРИАНТОМ ЮВЕНИЛЬНОГО ИДИОПАТИЧЕСКОГО АРТРИТА С ОБЗОРОМ ПРЕДИКТОРОВ ХОРОШЕГО ОТВЕТА НА ПРОВОДИМУЮ ТЕРАПИЮ 患者成功使用异位性视网膜炎的经验,对治疗的前导反应良好的青少年特发性关节炎进行了审查。
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1779
А. В. Карасёва, Екатерина Иосифовна Алексеева, Т. М. Дворяковская
The  article  presents  a case  of  polyarticular  juvenile  idiopathic  arthritis  resistant  to  methotrexate  therapy  and  nonsteroidal  antiinflammatory drugs.  The child was prescribed  a tumor necrosis  factor   inhibitor etanercept  at a dose  of 0.4 mg/kg body weight2 times/week. The treatment  with etanercept  induced remission of the disease, ensured the function restoration  in the joints. The predictors  of a good response  to etanercept  were the younger  age, the short  course  of the disease,  the use of a small number of immunosuppressants  before prescription of etanercept, the absence of concomitant use of glucocorticosteroids,  and the absence of uveitis.
本文报告一例多关节幼年特发性关节炎对甲氨蝶呤治疗和非甾体类抗炎药的抵抗。给患儿开肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂依那西普,剂量为0.4 mg/kg体重2次/周。依那西普治疗可使病情缓解,保证关节功能恢复。对依那西普有良好反应的预测因素是年龄较小,病程短,在处方依那西普之前使用少量免疫抑制剂,没有同时使用糖皮质激素,没有葡萄膜炎。
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引用次数: 0
ГЛЮКОКОРТИКОСТЕРОИДНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ФИЗИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ДЕТЕЙ СО СТЕРОИДЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНЫМ НЕФРОТИЧЕСКИМ СИНДРОМОМ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ 血糖皮质激素疗法和患有类固醇肾功能障碍儿童的身体发育:回顾性研究的结果
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1775
Ольга Александровна Жданова
Background. Body weight gain and growth retardation are common side effects of prolonged glucocorticosteroid  therapy in children. Time for the appearance  and elimination of glucocorticosteroid  obesity  as well as growth disorders  require further investigations. Objective .  Our aim was to study the relationship between glucocorticosteroid  therapy and changes in physical development indices of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). Methods. We carried out a retrospective study of case records of patients with SSNS hospitalized in 2011–2014.  Treatment of children was carried out in accordance with the Federal Clinical Guidelines. The Z-score (ANTHRO Plus) was determined for body length (height), body weight, body mass index and correlation of physical development indices with a cumulative dose and duration of glucocorticosteroid  therapy. Results. We analyzed data on the treatment of 31 children, 18 of them received glucocorticosteroids  for 6 months (Group 1), 13 of them did not receive glucocorticosteroids       6 months (Group 2). The Z-score  of body weight in children in these groups was 1.64 ± 1.54 and 0.05 ± 1.19 (p = 0.004), Z-score  of body mass index was 1.85 ± 1.64 and -0.54 ± 1.14, respectively (p < 0.001). Excess body weight and obesity were only observed in children of Group 1 (in 6 and 9, respectively).  The Z-score  of the body length of patients in groups 1 and 2 were comparable and did not differ from normal values (0.34 ± 1.08 and 0.52 ± 1.12, respectively, p = 0.655). Correlation of Z-score values of the body length and cumulative doses of glucocorticosteroids was noted (r = -0.87, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Long-term (at least 6 months) glucocorticosteroid intake is associated with the development of overweight and obesity in most children with SSNS. In patients who did not use hormonal drugs for 6 months, normal body weight values were recorded. The height of children with SSNS was within the range of normal values.
背景。体重增加和生长迟缓是儿童长期糖皮质激素治疗的常见副作用。糖皮质激素肥胖和生长障碍的出现和消除需要进一步的研究。目标。我们的目的是研究糖皮质激素治疗与类固醇敏感肾病综合征(SSNS)儿童身体发育指标变化的关系。方法。我们对2011-2014年住院的SSNS患者的病例记录进行回顾性研究。对儿童的治疗是按照联邦临床指南进行的。测定体长(身高)、体重、体重指数和身体发育指数与糖皮质激素治疗累积剂量和持续时间的相关性的z评分(ANTHRO Plus)。结果。我们分析31例患儿的治疗资料,其中18例接受糖皮质激素治疗6个月(第1组),13例6个月未接受糖皮质激素治疗(第2组)。两组患儿体重Z-score分别为1.64±1.54和0.05±1.19 (p = 0.004),体重指数Z-score分别为1.85±1.64和-0.54±1.14 (p < 0.001)。只有第1组(分别为第6组和第9组)的儿童体重过重和肥胖。1组和2组患者体长z评分具有可比性,与正常值无差异(分别为0.34±1.08和0.52±1.12,p = 0.655)。体长z评分值与糖皮质激素累积剂量存在相关性(r = -0.87, p < 0.001)。结论。在大多数SSNS患儿中,长期(至少6个月)摄入糖皮质激素与超重和肥胖的发展有关。在6个月未使用激素药物的患者中,记录正常体重值。SSNS患儿身高均在正常值范围内。
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引用次数: 0
ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ УРОВНЯ ПРОКАЛЬЦИТОНИНА В ПРАКТИКЕ ИНФЕКЦИОНИСТА 检测感染者实践中的普罗尔霉素水平的诊断价值
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1781
А. С. Полякова, М. БакрадзеД., Владимир Кириллович Таточенко, Диана Джансуховна Гадлия
Considering the colossal frequency of infectious diseases among children, pediatricians face the task not only to cure the patient but also to do this as soon as possible with an individual approach to each child. One of the main aspects of diagnosis in febrile children is the differentiation  of a bacterial infection from viral one in order  to assign timely antibiotic therapy to one patient and to prevent excessive assignment to others. In addition, an important point is to identify the category of patients with a severe bacterial infection, which requires  the most  attention.  The article reveals  the main points  of a differential  diagnosis  of bacterial  and viral infections, considering clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters: the concentration of procalcitonin, C-reactive  protein, and leukocytes. The limits of procalcitonin values for various nosological forms and the possibility of their use in terms of the appointment, continuation or replacement of antibacterial therapy in pediatric practice are described.
考虑到儿童中传染性疾病的巨大频率,儿科医生面临的任务不仅是治愈病人,而且要尽快做到这一点,对每个孩子采取个别方法。发热儿童诊断的一个主要方面是区分细菌感染和病毒感染,以便及时分配抗生素治疗给一个病人,并防止过度分配给其他人。另外,很重要的一点是鉴别重症细菌感染患者的类别,这是最需要注意的。本文揭示了细菌和病毒感染鉴别诊断的要点,考虑到临床症状和实验室参数:降钙素原、c反应蛋白和白细胞的浓度。各种疾病形式的降钙素原值的限制和他们的使用方面的预约,继续或替代抗菌治疗在儿科实践的可能性进行了描述。
{"title":"ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ УРОВНЯ ПРОКАЛЬЦИТОНИНА В ПРАКТИКЕ ИНФЕКЦИОНИСТА","authors":"А. С. Полякова, М. БакрадзеД., Владимир Кириллович Таточенко, Диана Джансуховна Гадлия","doi":"10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1781","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the colossal frequency of infectious diseases among children, pediatricians face the task not only to cure the patient but also to do this as soon as possible with an individual approach to each child. One of the main aspects of diagnosis in febrile children is the differentiation  of a bacterial infection from viral one in order  to assign timely antibiotic therapy to one patient and to prevent excessive assignment to others. In addition, an important point is to identify the category of patients with a severe bacterial infection, which requires  the most  attention.  The article reveals  the main points  of a differential  diagnosis  of bacterial  and viral infections, considering clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters: the concentration of procalcitonin, C-reactive  protein, and leukocytes. The limits of procalcitonin values for various nosological forms and the possibility of their use in terms of the appointment, continuation or replacement of antibacterial therapy in pediatric practice are described.","PeriodicalId":10919,"journal":{"name":"Current Paediatrics","volume":"34 1","pages":"334-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72762523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ТРЕЩИН СОСКА МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ В РАННИЙ ПОСЛЕРОДОВЫЙ ПЕРИОД 预防产后早期乳头骨折
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1776
М. Л. Травина, А. Г. Попов, С. А. Попов, Е. В. Куликова
Preservation and prolongation of the lactation period is not only a guarantee of the child's full physical and mental development but also one of the most important methods for reducing the risk of developing breast cancer. Problems with the mammary gland nipple in a woman in the early postnatal period lead to a refusal of lactation. We carried out a retrospective analysis (period from 2010 to 2016) of the causes of traumatizing mammary gland nipples in the early postnatal period in 172 women (mean age 29.1 ± 4.3 years). Methods of prevention and treatment of nipple injuries in the early postnatal period have been offered for the lactation period prolongation.
保存和延长哺乳期不仅是保证儿童身心全面发展的重要手段,也是降低乳腺癌发生风险的重要手段之一。产后早期妇女的乳腺乳头问题导致拒绝哺乳。回顾性分析172例(平均年龄29.1±4.3岁)产后早期乳腺乳头外伤的原因(2010 - 2016年)。为延长哺乳期提供了预防和治疗产后早期乳头损伤的方法。
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引用次数: 6
ВАКЦИНАЦИЯ ПРОТИВ РОТАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ: 10-ЛЕТНИЙ МИРОВОЙ ОПЫТ УСПЕШНОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1773
L. Namazova-Baranova, M. V. Fedoseenko, E. Vishneva, V. K. Tatochenko, L. Selimzianova, D. Chemakina
The article reviews the results of scientific researches published over the past few years that confirm the significant socioeconomic burden of rotavirus infection and its significant contribution to the morbidity and mortality of the world’s children’s population. The authors presented evidence of the effectiveness of immunization in the routine schedule of preventive vaccinations of infants in both developed and developing countries. A significant reduction in mortality and admissions due to severe forms of rotavirus gastroenteritis during the first years of introduction of rotavirus vaccination was shown, which marked a positive trend in the development of health care.
本文回顾了过去几年发表的科学研究结果,这些研究证实了轮状病毒感染的重大社会经济负担及其对世界儿童发病率和死亡率的重大贡献。作者提出了在发达国家和发展中国家的婴儿预防性疫苗接种的常规计划免疫的有效性的证据。在采用轮状病毒疫苗接种的头几年里,因严重形式的轮状病毒胃肠炎而导致的死亡率和入院率显著下降,这标志着保健发展的积极趋势。
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引用次数: 6
ОПЫТ ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ НА ВТОРОЙ ИНГИБИТОР TNF ПАЦИЕНТКИ С ТЯЖЕЛЫМ ТЕЧЕНИЕМ ЮНОШЕСКОГО ПОЛИАРТРИТА И РЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТЬЮ К ПЕРВОМУ TNF-БЛОКАТОРУ1 将TNF抑制剂转移到患者的第二种TNF抑制剂的经验,其青少年多关节炎严重,对TNF阻滞剂具有抵抗力。
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1778
Екатерина Иосифовна Алексеева, Т. М. Дворяковская, Рина Валериановна Денисова, О. Л. Ломакина, А. В. Карасёва
The article presents  a case  of a severe  progressive  course  of polyarticular  juvenile idiopathic arthritis,  debuting  at an early age, refractory to the therapy with methotrexate, cyclosporine, and glucocorticosteroids.  A clinical example demonstrates that switching to the second TNF  inhibitor in the case of developing secondary resistance to the first drug from this group provides restoration of the therapeutic effect and is not accompanied by serious adverse events. Six months after switching to adalimumab, due to the «escape» of the effect of etanercept, the inflammatory changes in the patient were reversed; the volume of movements in the joints increased, and the laboratory parameters of the disease activity were normalized. After 1 year, there was a remission of the disease. The child managed to completely eliminate glucocorticosteroids for oral ingestion. The duration of the joint syndrome remission was 3 years. Adverse events were not serious and did not become a basis for drug withdrawal.
文章提出了一个严重的进展过程的多关节青少年特发性关节炎,在早期首次出现,难与甲氨蝶呤,环孢素和糖皮质激素治疗。一个临床实例表明,在对该组第一种药物产生继发性耐药的情况下,切换到第二种TNF抑制剂可以恢复治疗效果,并且不会伴有严重的不良事件。切换到阿达木单抗6个月后,由于依那西普的作用“逃逸”,患者的炎症变化被逆转;关节活动量增加,疾病活动的实验室参数正常化。1年后,病情有所缓解。这个孩子成功地完全消除了口服糖皮质激素。关节综合征缓解期为3年。不良事件不严重,也没有成为停药的依据。
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引用次数: 0
ЗАИМСТВОВАНИЯ СОБСТВЕННЫХ ТЕКСТОВ (САМОПЛАГИАТ) В РУКОПИСЯХ, ПРЕДСТАВЛЕННЫХ НА РАССМОТРЕНИЕ В НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ: РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО ФОРМУЛИРОВАНИЮ РЕДАКЦИОННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ 在科学期刊上提交的手稿中(自我剽窃)借用自己的文本:制定编辑政策的建议
Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.15690/VSP.V16I4.1772
Руслан Темирсултанович Сайгитов
Self-plagiarism  is one of the most controversial  issues faced by participants in the publication process (authors, editors, reviewers). The article presents a brief analysis on the professional editorial communities' position on the problem. We give both comments and recommendations on formulation of the academic journal editorial policy. The paper provides the examples when the self-plagiarism is acceptable (minor copying of a few sentences, source fully and clearly referenced). In addition, it is pointed out that self-plagiarism can bear reputational and legal risks to an academic journal. Authors should consider this aspect when interacting with editors and reviewers.
自我抄袭是出版过程中参与者(作者、编辑、审稿人)面临的最具争议的问题之一。本文简要分析了专业编辑团体在这一问题上的立场。对学术期刊编辑政策的制定提出了意见和建议。文章给出了自我抄袭是可以接受的例子(少量抄袭,出处完整,出处清晰)。此外,文章还指出,学术期刊的自我抄袭行为会给学术期刊带来声誉和法律风险。作者在与编辑和审稿人互动时应该考虑到这一点。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Current Paediatrics
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