Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040091
Istemi Serin, Yasemin Oyaci, Mustafa Pehlivan, Ilknur Demir, Burcak Demir, Tahir Alper Cinli, Osman Yokus, Sacide Pehlivan
Abstract
Leptin is mainly produced from adipose tissue and released into the circulation. Circulating leptin binds to the leptin receptor (LEPR) in the brain, which activates signaling pathways that inhibit feeding and promote calorie expenditure. The leptin receptor (LEPR, also known as Ob-R) gene is located at chromosome 1p31. DNA methylation consists of addition a methyl group at position 5′ of the pyrimidine ring of the cytosines upstream of a guanine (dinucleotide CpG) catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases. Methylation of cytosine in CpG sites is an important epigenetic modification way that could suppress the gene expression. This study was conducted to reveal the role of leptin (-2548 G/A, rs7799039) and LEPR (-668 A/G, rs113711) gene polymorphisms in patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). Patients who were diagnosed with MM and followed-up in our clinic between January 2010 and January 2022 were included in the study. The genotypes of the leptin (-2548 G/A, rs7799039) and LEPR (-668 A/G, rs113711) genes were statistically compared between patients and healthy controls. Additionally, the statistically significant effects of these genotypes on survival were examined. In addition, the methylation status of the patients was compared to the healthy control group, and the effect on survival was evaluated. A total of 300 patients diagnosed with MM and 170 individuals to form a healthy control group were included in this study. In the statistical analysis performed to investigate the effect of leptin and LEPR gene polymorphisms on disease susceptibility, GA and AA genotypes of the leptin gene were found to be significantly higher in the patient group compared to healthy controls. In the statistical analysis for -31 NT and -51 NT methylation of the leptin gene, -51 NT methylation was found to be significantly higher in healthy controls (p = 0.002). In the survival analysis, progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with GG genotype of the LEPR gene was found to be significantly shorter compared to others, there was no effect on the overall survival. In the multivariate analysis, it was revealed that the PFS of patients with GG genotype of the LEPR gene was 2.02 times shorter compared to others (RR: 2.017; CI: 1.191–3.418, p = 0.009). MM and leptin polymorphisms have significant features in terms of both disease susceptibility and treatment response.
{"title":"How Effective are leptin Gene Polymorphisms and Methylation during the Course of Multiple Myeloma?","authors":"Istemi Serin, Yasemin Oyaci, Mustafa Pehlivan, Ilknur Demir, Burcak Demir, Tahir Alper Cinli, Osman Yokus, Sacide Pehlivan","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040091","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Leptin is mainly produced from adipose tissue and released into the circulation. Circulating leptin binds to the leptin receptor (LEPR) in the brain, which activates signaling pathways that inhibit feeding and promote calorie expenditure. The leptin receptor (<i>LEPR</i>, also known as <i>Ob-R</i>) gene is located at chromosome 1p31. DNA methylation consists of addition a methyl group at position 5′ of the pyrimidine ring of the cytosines upstream of a guanine (dinucleotide CpG) catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases. Methylation of cytosine in CpG sites is an important epigenetic modification way that could suppress the gene expression. This study was conducted to reveal the role of <i>leptin</i> (-2548 G/A, rs7799039) and <i>LEPR</i> (-668 A/G, rs113711) gene polymorphisms in patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). Patients who were diagnosed with MM and followed-up in our clinic between January 2010 and January 2022 were included in the study. The genotypes of the <i>leptin</i> (-2548 G/A, rs7799039) and <i>LEPR</i> (-668 A/G, rs113711) genes were statistically compared between patients and healthy controls. Additionally, the statistically significant effects of these genotypes on survival were examined. In addition, the methylation status of the patients was compared to the healthy control group, and the effect on survival was evaluated. A total of 300 patients diagnosed with MM and 170 individuals to form a healthy control group were included in this study. In the statistical analysis performed to investigate the effect of <i>leptin</i> and <i>LEPR</i> gene polymorphisms on disease susceptibility, GA and AA genotypes of the <i>leptin</i> gene were found to be significantly higher in the patient group compared to healthy controls. In the statistical analysis for -31 NT and -51 NT methylation of the <i>leptin</i> gene, -51 NT methylation was found to be significantly higher in healthy controls (<i>p</i> = 0.002). In the survival analysis, progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with GG genotype of the <i>LEPR</i> gene was found to be significantly shorter compared to others, there was no effect on the overall survival. In the multivariate analysis, it was revealed that the PFS of patients with GG genotype of the <i>LEPR</i> gene was 2.02 times shorter compared to others (RR: 2.017; CI: 1.191–3.418, <i>p</i> = 0.009). MM and <i>leptin</i> polymorphisms have significant features in terms of both disease susceptibility and treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040042
Anjali Choudhary, M. Joel Devadasan, Nidhi Sukhija, K. K. Kanaka, D. Ravi Kumar, M. R. Vineeth, T. Surya, Archana Verma, S. K. Niranjan, Jayakumar Sivalingam
Abstract
The study was carried out in Gir cattle for identification of genome wide SNPs and then to annotate the identified high-quality SNPs to the milk production traits. A total of 99 517 SNPs were identified with respect to the Bos indicus reference genome. Upon annotation of SNPs identified with respect to Bos indicus reference genome, 984 SNPs located in 175 candidate genes related with milk production traits, notably Acetyl-CoA carboxylase β gene, which affects milk composition traits by regulation of fatty acid oxidation in the mitochondria; Growth hormone receptor gene which have role in milk yield and its composition traits; LEP gene, involved in energy partitioning and metabolism, were among others. This study provides the first analysis of ddRAD sequences to discover SNPs in Indian Gir cattle breed, aligned to indicine reference genome. The variants mined in this study can be incorporated in existing SNP chips and thus, play an important role in understanding the genetic structure of our cattle in order to design appropriate breed improvement programmes.
{"title":"Genome-Wide Identification of SNPs and Their Annotation in Indian Gir Cattle","authors":"Anjali Choudhary, M. Joel Devadasan, Nidhi Sukhija, K. K. Kanaka, D. Ravi Kumar, M. R. Vineeth, T. Surya, Archana Verma, S. K. Niranjan, Jayakumar Sivalingam","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040042","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The study was carried out in Gir cattle for identification of genome wide SNPs and then to annotate the identified high-quality SNPs to the milk production traits. A total of 99 517 SNPs were identified with respect to the <i>Bos indicus</i> reference genome. Upon annotation of SNPs identified with respect to <i>Bos indicus</i> reference genome, 984 SNPs located in 175 candidate genes related with milk production traits, notably Acetyl-CoA carboxylase β gene, which affects milk composition traits by regulation of fatty acid oxidation in the mitochondria; Growth hormone receptor gene which have role in milk yield and its composition traits; LEP gene, involved in energy partitioning and metabolism, were among others. This study provides the first analysis of ddRAD sequences to discover SNPs in Indian Gir cattle breed, aligned to indicine reference genome. The variants mined in this study can be incorporated in existing SNP chips and thus, play an important role in understanding the genetic structure of our cattle in order to design appropriate breed improvement programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040054
L. V. Garmanchuk, G. V. Ostrovska, I. A. Stupak, T. V. Bukreieva, O. I. Gorbach, L. I. Ostapchenko
Abstract
This paper concerns the effect produced by the components of a conditioned medium (K‑medium), in which mesenchymal human placenta cells (hP-MSC) are cultivated, on the characteristics of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in the culture. It is shown for the first time that the K-medium (secretome) components have a prooncogenic effect on LLC cells as evidence by an increase in cell survival rates, LLC cell proliferation stimulation, and a decrease in the level of apoptotic cells. The effect of the K-medium on the adhesion characteristics of LLC cells in the process of their monolayer growth and migration from 3D-cultures is also demonstrated. When the hP-MSC secretome interacts with the cultured LLC cells, the production of proinflammatory cytokines TGF β and Il-6 is observed to grow. At the same time, the proangiogenic factor VEGF remains almost at the same level. Similar changes in the microenvironment during the interaction of mesenchymal and tumor cells may underlie various prooncogenic effects observed in our previous studies with different MSC inoculation methods during the development and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in vivo.
{"title":"Effect of the Secretome of Mesenchymal Placenta Stem Cells on the Functional Properties of Lewis Lung Carcinoma Cells In Vitro","authors":"L. V. Garmanchuk, G. V. Ostrovska, I. A. Stupak, T. V. Bukreieva, O. I. Gorbach, L. I. Ostapchenko","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040054","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This paper concerns the effect produced by the components of a conditioned medium (K‑medium), in which mesenchymal human placenta cells (hP-MSC) are cultivated, on the characteristics of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in the culture. It is shown for the first time that the K-medium (secretome) components have a prooncogenic effect on LLC cells as evidence by an increase in cell survival rates, LLC cell proliferation stimulation, and a decrease in the level of apoptotic cells. The effect of the K-medium on the adhesion characteristics of LLC cells in the process of their monolayer growth and migration from 3D-cultures is also demonstrated. When the hP-MSC secretome interacts with the cultured LLC cells, the production of proinflammatory cytokines TGF β and Il-6 is observed to grow. At the same time, the proangiogenic factor VEGF remains almost at the same level. Similar changes in the microenvironment during the interaction of mesenchymal and tumor cells may underlie various prooncogenic effects observed in our previous studies with different MSC inoculation methods during the development and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s009545272404008x
O. H. Pidkurhanna, L. B. Zelena, S. M. Shulha
Abstract—
At present, the production of hemoglobin using microorganisms is an actual and urgent problem for solving the needs of medicine and the food industry. Its microbiological synthesis using a precursor (heme) is one of the steps in obtaining this protein. The results of the studies on obtaining heme and heme-containing proteins from prokaryotic (Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum) and eukaryotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris) microorganisms were analyzed. It was demonstrated that the producers created on the basis of E. coli and C. glutamicum synthesized a free heme exogenously, while the yeasts P. pastoris and S. cerevisiae are the most efficient producers for the synthesis of both endo- and exogenous complex heme-containing proteins (hemoglobin and leghemoglobin). It was demonstrated that the creation of efficient producers of heme and hemoglobin is based on a change in the genetic material of microorganisms, and the stages of heme synthesis and points of possible modifications of this process were determined. Genetically modified yeast models (producers of heme-containing proteins) were characterized. Based on a summary of the analyzed data, it was determined that yeast cells are the most promising producers for further improvement and oversynthesis of heme-containing proteins.
{"title":"Creation of Heme and Hemoglobin Producers Based on Microorganisms","authors":"O. H. Pidkurhanna, L. B. Zelena, S. M. Shulha","doi":"10.3103/s009545272404008x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s009545272404008x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>At present, the production of hemoglobin using microorganisms is an actual and urgent problem for solving the needs of medicine and the food industry. Its microbiological synthesis using a precursor (heme) is one of the steps in obtaining this protein. The results of the studies on obtaining heme and heme-containing proteins from prokaryotic (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i>) and eukaryotic (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, <i>Pichia pastoris</i>) microorganisms were analyzed. It was demonstrated that the producers created on the basis of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>C. glutamicum</i> synthesized a free heme exogenously, while the yeasts <i>P. pastoris</i> and <i>S. cerevisiae</i> are the most efficient producers for the synthesis of both endo- and exogenous complex heme-containing proteins (hemoglobin and leghemoglobin). It was demonstrated that the creation of efficient producers of heme and hemoglobin is based on a change in the genetic material of microorganisms, and the stages of heme synthesis and points of possible modifications of this process were determined. Genetically modified yeast models (producers of heme-containing proteins) were characterized. Based on a summary of the analyzed data, it was determined that yeast cells are the most promising producers for further improvement and oversynthesis of heme-containing proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040108
Shrila Banerjee, Abul Kalam Azad Mandal
Abstract
The Wnt pathway plays a key role in cell growth, survival, and self-renewal which is frequently hyperactive in various cancers. It is categorized into canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways depending upon the influence of the β-catenin protein. Gene expressions are often altered by small non-coding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs) leading to regulation involving cell-proliferating pathways like Wnt in various cancers, including breast. miRNAs frequently act as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor depending upon their regulatory roles. In this review article, the significance of the Wnt pathway in cancer progression, most importantly breast cancer is widely explained. The role of miRNAs in modulating varied pathways especially the Wnt pathway in breast cancer is also reviewed here. Breast cancer suppression using new-age miRNA therapeutics is showing promising results and the use of different nanocarriers for therapeutic delivery is increasing its efficacy. Targeting the Wnt pathway and its related genes can show a new path for the treatment of cancer stem cells (CSCs) of breast and other cancers as the Wnt pathway plays a pivotal role in maintaining the stemness of CSCs. Moreover, controlling the Wnt pathway through miRNA nanocarrier can give another dimension to breast cancer therapy by inhibiting aggressive and tricky breast cancer stem cells.
{"title":"Role of MicroRNA Modulated Wnt Pathway in Breast Cancer and Its Therapeutic Use","authors":"Shrila Banerjee, Abul Kalam Azad Mandal","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040108","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The Wnt pathway plays a key role in cell growth, survival, and self-renewal which is frequently hyperactive in various cancers. It is categorized into canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways depending upon the influence of the β-catenin protein. Gene expressions are often altered by small non-coding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs) leading to regulation involving cell-proliferating pathways like Wnt in various cancers, including breast. miRNAs frequently act as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor depending upon their regulatory roles. In this review article, the significance of the Wnt pathway in cancer progression, most importantly breast cancer is widely explained. The role of miRNAs in modulating varied pathways especially the Wnt pathway in breast cancer is also reviewed here. Breast cancer suppression using new-age miRNA therapeutics is showing promising results and the use of different nanocarriers for therapeutic delivery is increasing its efficacy. Targeting the Wnt pathway and its related genes can show a new path for the treatment of cancer stem cells (CSCs) of breast and other cancers as the Wnt pathway plays a pivotal role in maintaining the stemness of CSCs. Moreover, controlling the Wnt pathway through miRNA nanocarrier can give another dimension to breast cancer therapy by inhibiting aggressive and tricky breast cancer stem cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040078
D. S. Ozheriedov, S. P. Ozheredov, O. M. Demchuk, Ya. B. Blume, P. A. Karpov
Abstract
The variability of the allosteric binding site pocket located in the interdomain cleft (IDC) of FtsZ proteins was investigated. The point-cloud models of the IDC site pockets were constructed based on 11 structures for the S. aureus complexes of FtsZ protein with 2,6-diflurobenzamides—OLQ, 9PC, OM8, OMW ZI1, ZI6, ZI7, and ZI9—which is currently deposed in the RCSB Protein Data Bank. Significant variability in the volume and shape of the IDC site pocket, formed under adaptation to the ligand, was demonstrated. Four main conformational states of the site pocket, resulting from ligand-protein fitting were selected. It indicates that the docking of the ligands into the IDC site of individual 3D-models of FtsZ protein molecules is not effective. It was concluded that virtual screening efficiency can be significantly improved by the use of an ensemble of molecular targets considering the conformational variability of the IDC site pocket of bacterial FtsZ protein.
{"title":"Ligand-Induced Variability of the FtsZ Protein Interdomain Site Pocket","authors":"D. S. Ozheriedov, S. P. Ozheredov, O. M. Demchuk, Ya. B. Blume, P. A. Karpov","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040078","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The variability of the allosteric binding site pocket located in the interdomain cleft (IDC) of FtsZ proteins was investigated. The point-cloud models of the IDC site pockets were constructed based on 11 structures for the <i>S. aureus</i> complexes of FtsZ protein with 2,6-diflurobenzamides—OLQ, 9PC, OM8, OMW ZI1, ZI6, ZI7, and ZI9—which is currently deposed in the RCSB Protein Data Bank. Significant variability in the volume and shape of the IDC site pocket, formed under adaptation to the ligand, was demonstrated. Four main conformational states of the site pocket, resulting from ligand-protein fitting were selected. It indicates that the docking of the ligands into the IDC site of individual 3D-models of FtsZ protein molecules is not effective. It was concluded that virtual screening efficiency can be significantly improved by the use of an ensemble of molecular targets considering the conformational variability of the IDC site pocket of bacterial FtsZ protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s009545272404011x
Sumreen Begum, Sehrish Jabeen, Syed Adibul Hasan Rizvi
{"title":"Erratum to: An Optimized Protocol of Electroporation of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 Alpha (Hnf-1α) in Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"Sumreen Begum, Sehrish Jabeen, Syed Adibul Hasan Rizvi","doi":"10.3103/s009545272404011x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s009545272404011x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040029
S. V. Andreieva, K. V. Korets, O. M. Tsyapka, I. M. Skorokhod
Abstract—
The analysis of quantitative and structural chromosome abnormalities in the bone marrow cells of 11 patients with secondary neoplasms of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues was carried out. The abnormal karyotypes were established in all cases and evolution of clonal chromosome abnormalities in 27.3%. Despite different primary nosological groups of neoplasms of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues and different therapy regimens, the presence of quantitative and structural chromosomal instability was typical for all cases; they led to complex (72.7%), unbalanced karyotypes (81.8%), among which composite (54.5%) and monosomal (36.4%) ones were identified. A total number of structural and quantitative chromosome abnormalities ranged from 1 to 13 in one karyotype. The chromosomes 11 and 22 were more often involved in the quantitative and structural rearrangements. Among the types of structural rearrangements, balanced and unbalanced translocations, deletions, inversions, isochromosomes, additional material of unknown origin, and derivatives of the chromosomes formed as a result of unidentified rearrangements were detected; among them, deletions (20.0%) and translocations (14.3%) prevailed. Marker chromosomes were found in 37.1% that were registered against the background of monosomies, deletions in 28.3%, and ring chromosomes in 5.7%. In two cases (after immunosuppressive or targeted therapy), the stages of development of complications of clonal chromosome abnormalities were proposed based on the similarity of the structure of quantitative and structural abnormalities: at the first stage, a balanced translocation occurs; at the second, a quantitative anomaly (chromosome trisomy) is added; at the third, an unbalanced structural rearrangement. Each karyotype contained quantitative and/or structural chromosome abnormalities that belonged to the group of unfavorable cytogenetic prognosis.
{"title":"Comparative Characteristics of Abnormal Karyotypes in Secondary Acute Leukemia","authors":"S. V. Andreieva, K. V. Korets, O. M. Tsyapka, I. M. Skorokhod","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040029","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract—</h3><p>The analysis of quantitative and structural chromosome abnormalities in the bone marrow cells of 11 patients with secondary neoplasms of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues was carried out. The abnormal karyotypes were established in all cases and evolution of clonal chromosome abnormalities in 27.3%. Despite different primary nosological groups of neoplasms of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues and different therapy regimens, the presence of quantitative and structural chromosomal instability was typical for all cases; they led to complex (72.7%), unbalanced karyotypes (81.8%), among which composite (54.5%) and monosomal (36.4%) ones were identified. A total number of structural and quantitative chromosome abnormalities ranged from 1 to 13 in one karyotype. The chromosomes 11 and 22 were more often involved in the quantitative and structural rearrangements. Among the types of structural rearrangements, balanced and unbalanced translocations, deletions, inversions, isochromosomes, additional material of unknown origin, and derivatives of the chromosomes formed as a result of unidentified rearrangements were detected; among them, deletions (20.0%) and translocations (14.3%) prevailed. Marker chromosomes were found in 37.1% that were registered against the background of monosomies, deletions in 28.3%, and ring chromosomes in 5.7%. In two cases (after immunosuppressive or targeted therapy), the stages of development of complications of clonal chromosome abnormalities were proposed based on the similarity of the structure of quantitative and structural abnormalities: at the first stage, a balanced translocation occurs; at the second, a quantitative anomaly (chromosome trisomy) is added; at the third, an unbalanced structural rearrangement. Each karyotype contained quantitative and/or structural chromosome abnormalities that belonged to the group of unfavorable cytogenetic prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040066
Priyanka Ojha, Girjesh Kumar, Moni Mishra, Kaushal Tripathi, Jyoti Yadav
Abstract
In this experiment the development of the various chromosomal interchanges in Sowa (Anethum graveolens L.) was accomplished with the help of Gamma irradiations. The pollen mother cells of Anethum graveolens were observed to be perfectly normal in untreated plants and displayed a regular formation of eleven bivalents at diakinesis, followed by normal separation (11:11) at anaphase I. Cytological manifestation of chromosome configurations at diakinesis and metaphase-I exhibited translocation heterozygotes by the formation of either ring or chain of chromosomes in PMCs of Sowa, particularly at higher doses of Gamma irradiation (200 Gy). The translocation lines showed discernible prevalence of rings (56.58%) over chains (43.42%). In chromosomal configuration, PMCs of Irradiated plants, shows the presence of minimum one or more quadrivalent and bivalents, besides this, some PMCs showed other configurations such as trivalents, pentavalents, hexavalent, and octavalent along with variable number of univalents. At diakinesis, stage of PMCs, 2III + 1IX + 2IV + 1II + 1I configuration was observed in maximum (12.88%) followed by 6II + 1IV + 1V + 1I (12.37%) and 1VII + 1V + 2IV + 2I (11.85%). The configuration 1X + 2IV + 2II showed the lowest (5.15%) frequency. However, a variety of anomalies such as unequal separation (34.93%), laggards (21.91%) and bridges (12.32%) were also recorded. Pollen fertility was reduced (41.21 ± 0.19%) in translocation lines as comparison to control plant (98.59 ± 0.25%). Translocation heterozygotes might be used as an initial foundation for developing aneuploids with novel gene combinations.
{"title":"Cytological Assessment of Gamma Induced Multiple Translocation Heterozygote in Sowa (Anethum graveolens L.)","authors":"Priyanka Ojha, Girjesh Kumar, Moni Mishra, Kaushal Tripathi, Jyoti Yadav","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040066","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this experiment the development of the various chromosomal interchanges in Sowa (<i>Anethum graveolens</i> L.) was accomplished with the help of Gamma irradiations. The pollen mother cells of <i>Anethum graveolens</i> were observed to be perfectly normal in untreated plants and displayed a regular formation of eleven bivalents at diakinesis, followed by normal separation (11:11) at anaphase I. Cytological manifestation of chromosome configurations at diakinesis and metaphase-I exhibited translocation heterozygotes by the formation of either ring or chain of chromosomes in PMCs of <i>Sowa,</i> particularly at higher doses of Gamma irradiation (200 Gy). The translocation lines showed discernible prevalence of rings (56.58%) over chains (43.42%). In chromosomal configuration, PMCs of Irradiated plants, shows the presence of minimum one or more quadrivalent and bivalents, besides this, some PMCs showed other configurations such as trivalents, pentavalents, hexavalent, and octavalent along with variable number of univalents. At diakinesis, stage of PMCs, 2<sub>III</sub> + 1<sub>IX</sub> + 2<sub>IV</sub> + 1<sub>II</sub> + 1<sub>I</sub> configuration was observed in maximum (12.88%) followed by 6<sub>II</sub> + 1<sub>IV</sub> + 1<sub>V</sub> + 1<sub>I</sub> (12.37%) and 1<sub>VII</sub> + 1<sub>V</sub> + 2<sub>IV</sub> + 2<sub>I</sub> (11.85%). The configuration 1<sub>X</sub> + 2<sub>IV</sub> + 2<sub>II</sub> showed the lowest (5.15%) frequency. However, a variety of anomalies such as unequal separation (34.93%), laggards (21.91%) and bridges (12.32%) were also recorded. Pollen fertility was reduced (41.21 ± 0.19%) in translocation lines as comparison to control plant (98.59 ± 0.25%). Translocation heterozygotes might be used as an initial foundation for developing aneuploids with novel gene combinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3103/s0095452724040030
Xiaoguang Chen
Abstract
As the most important organ of detoxification in the body, the liver also has the strong regenerative ability itself. The liver can regenerate after partial hepatectomy (PH) and completely restore to its original mass. Liver regeneration (LR) has become one of research hotspots in the field of regenerative biology. Previous basic studies have predominantly concentrated on the initial and proliferative phases of regenerative response, while a relatively little attention has been paid to the mechanism of proper termination of liver regeneration. In recent years, along with the increasing recognition of the significance of LR termination, the growing researches have been carried out and some achievement has been made in a certain extent. The successful completion of LR is considered to involve many cells, growth factors, signaling pathways, metabolites and other extrahepatic factors. This article will review the progression of research on the mechanism of LR termination after PH in recent years.
摘要 作为人体最重要的解毒器官，肝脏本身也具有很强的再生能力。肝脏部分切除（PH）后可以再生，并完全恢复到原来的质量。肝脏再生（LR）已成为再生生物学领域的研究热点之一。以往的基础研究主要集中在再生反应的初始阶段和增殖阶段，而对肝脏再生正常终止机制的关注相对较少。近年来，随着人们对 LR 终止重要性的认识不断提高，相关研究也在不断深入，并取得了一定的成果。LR 的成功完成涉及多种细胞、生长因子、信号通路、代谢产物和其他肝外因素。本文将综述近年来关于 PH 后 LR 终止机制的研究进展。
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Liver Regeneration Termination: A Non-Neglectable Phase","authors":"Xiaoguang Chen","doi":"10.3103/s0095452724040030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0095452724040030","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>As the most important organ of detoxification in the body, the liver also has the strong regenerative ability itself. The liver can regenerate after partial hepatectomy (PH) and completely restore to its original mass. Liver regeneration (LR) has become one of research hotspots in the field of regenerative biology. Previous basic studies have predominantly concentrated on the initial and proliferative phases of regenerative response, while a relatively little attention has been paid to the mechanism of proper termination of liver regeneration. In recent years, along with the increasing recognition of the significance of LR termination, the growing researches have been carried out and some achievement has been made in a certain extent. The successful completion of LR is considered to involve many cells, growth factors, signaling pathways, metabolites and other extrahepatic factors. This article will review the progression of research on the mechanism of LR termination after PH in recent years.</p>","PeriodicalId":11032,"journal":{"name":"Cytology and Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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