Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt. Occupation and environment最新文献

Intentional and non-intentional (ornamental and accidental) tattoos are reviewed. First, a survey of the history of tattooing is given and the different motives for being tattooed are discussed. The technique of tattooing and the histological pattern of ornamental tattoos are described. Typical risks are presented in detail. Various methods for the treatment of tattoos are discussed. In the second part, non-intentional (accidental) tattoos are reviewed in respect to etiology, complications and special therapeutic methods.

This study was undertaken to determine the significance of positive patch test reactions to 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM). Data of 202 DDM-positive patients concerning age, sex and profession, type, localisation and duration of eczema and combined allergens were evaluated. The results obtained were compared by chi-square-test with those of 3397 consecutive, unselected contact dermatitis patients with negative reactions to DDM. The most conspicuous results were: 1. The positive patch test reaction to DDM is usually a marker for allergy to p-amino-compounds. 2. 39/202 patients showed isolated positive test reactions to DDM. The source of the allergen remained unclear. 3. Workers in chemical laboratories seem to have an increased risk for acquiring DDM-allergy. 4. The clinical relevance of DDM-allergy could only be proven in a few patients.

Two case reports are presented involving the occurrence of airborne contact dermatitis in a farmer and a gardener. In both cases, direct contact dermatitis or photoallergic dermatitis was suspected at first. Possible allergens for occupational airborne contact dermatitis in agriculture are discussed.

Burns caused by exposure to hydrofluoric acid require immediate First Aid and specific therapeutic measures by the first available physician. Based on a review of the literature the following outline of therapy is proposed.

A young Malay female presented with a bullous eruption as a manifestation of contact allergy to cinnamic aldehyde in cinnamon. The clinical and histological features resembled bullous pemphigoid but immunological markers for pemphigoid were absent. The patient responded to a short course of oral steroids. Contact allergy can mimic pemphigoid.

On the basis of approximately 60 publications and in view of our own results we present a comprehensive review as to the mode of action, the pharmacokinetics, the metabolism and the toxicology of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and its consequences in the PUVA therapy of psoriasis. The interaction of 8-MOP with DNA is presently considered to be the most likely mode of action. 8-MOP is subject to strong first-pass effects with considerable individual variations in plasma levels. An exact timing of drug dose and light dose is essential for a successful therapy, simultaneously minimizing the potential short-term and long-term risks of PUVA therapy.

When using patch tests to objectify contact allergy in patients, many different materials are used in different clinics. Whatever the material used, there are presumably differences in the quantities of allergens dispersed in petrolatum applied in the patch tests by the clinicians. Therefore, we designed an experiment in order to evaluate whether such differences do indeed exist. The results presented here clearly show that the quantities of petrolatum applied varies considerably in the patch tests (i.e. Leukotest Beiersdorf) from dermatologist to dermatologist. In addition, we found that for an individual dermatologist differences occur from day to day. It is our conclusion that in the interest of the patients and in the interest of multicentric studies, standardization of patch test materials is of great importance, especially in regards to the quantities of petrolatum applied.

A recent publication poses the question of a relationship between workers exposed to tar and their tendency to develop benign symmetric lipomatosis (bsL). As this publication has already caused new problems for the assessment of tar exposure, the side effects of tar on the skin and the pathogenesis of bsL using the available literature are discussed. To date, it is not possible to present a coherent pathogenetic model of tar-induced bsL.

The action spectrum of 8-methoxypsoralen in human skin was determined using dye-laser irradiation in the UV A. The results obtained were compared with contradictory reports in the literature.