Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt. Occupation and environment最新文献

In response to an overview in Dermatosen 32, 195 (1984), here is given an update based on citations of newer works in this field. The growing importance of atypical mycobacteria is supported by the increasing cases of such infections in AIDS-patients.

The experts judgment on an occupational dermatosis is of existential character for those concerned. The results of such decisions were examined in 100 patients 4-5 years later trough interviews and documents of the professional associations. The reactions were as follows: change of occupations (n = 42, including 18 retrainees), change of job within company/business (n = 34), quitting job/occupation (n = 11), remaining on the job (n = 12). At the time of questioning were half of the retrainees unemployed; loss of income was present in other groups, the loss was lowest in those changing occupations without retraining and highest in those prematurely pensioned. The condition of the skin was best in retrainees, of which 2/3 were unemployed, and worst in those prematurely pensioned. The examination concludes, that at the time of initiation of the occupational dermatosis process by the doctor, the keeping of the workplace must be more critically considered. Some practical guidelines are given.

We found m-xylylene diamine, a widespread additive in plastics, to be a very potent sensitizer. Patch tests with other diamines revealed in all four patients allergic cross reactions to benzylamine. Two persons had also acquired an additional allergy to ethylenediamine. In a 59-year-old man, the allergic contact dermatitis provoked the first manifestation of an atopic dermatitis.

The possibility of anaphylactoid or contact-allergic reactions to corticosteroids should always be considered when the underlying disease deteriorates or specific signs of allergy or pseudoallergy appear during treatment with corticosteroids. Appropriate diagnostic procedures should be extensive enough to exclude hypersensitivity to other constituents of the commercial preparation used as well as multiple or cross-allergies to other corticosteroids.

The appearance and development of a vesiculobullous eruption at the capillitium, on the body and on the mucous membrane of mouth and nose following occupational contact with basochrom (basic chromium sulfate) on a 25-year-old man is described. The clinical symptoms, the histological and immunological findings as well as the course of the disease led to the result that it concerns an induced pemphigus.

33 cancer-like skin changes were observed during a four year period from April 1985 to April 1989: 14 basaliomas, 8 squamous carcinomas, 1 mixed type, 2 morbus Bowen, 2 cornua cutanea with malignant change, 1 parapsoriasis en plaques, 3 keratosis, 1 malignant melanoma and 1 lentigo malignant melanoma. The skin changes were biopsied with a biopsy punch (3, 4, 6 mm diameter) or excised with safety-distance, the histological investigations were done at the Pathological Institute of the University of Münster, radiation therapy until 1987 at the Urban Hospital Bielefeld and since 1988 at the Urban Hospital Gütersloh.

Fungal diseases of the skin can be occupational dermatoses. This applies in particular to diseases due to microorganisms acquired from animals. A discussion of the relationship between occupation and disease, however, is not only pertinent in regards to dermatophytoses due to zoophilic fungi but also with those due to geophilic and--to a certain extent--even anthropophilic ones. The same is true of candidiasis. The present review deals with the various standpoints concerning the role of occupation in the development of cutaneous mycoses. In addition casuistic evidence for the various types disease, is compiled and discussed.

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and water content of the stratum corneum, when measured simultaneously, provide important information regarding skin function. On the basis of the model presented, it is possible to differentiate dry senile skin from dry pathological skin (such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, irritant reaction), clinically involved or uninvolved. Pathological dry skin, because of the impaired barrier function is associated with increased TEWL and low corneum water content. Senile skin, on the other hand, shows both, decreased TEWL and stratum corneum water content. It is suggested that with this model it may be possible to differentiate uninvolved pathologic from healthy skin.

Protein contact dermatitis is a rare disease within the group of occupational dermatoses. However, it is of some importance to people in food handling occupations. Skin symptoms usually manifest as immediate-type reactions (type-I-reaction according to Coombs and Gell), but changes to type IV-reactions are known. This applies especially to people with atopic eczema who have contact to fish proteins. This can be derived from a case presented here and a few similar observations described in the literature.