In the late 20th century, the formative issues in digital art were about connectivity and interaction. Now at the start of the 3rd millennium, our post-digital objectives will increasingly be technoetic and syncretic. During the previous two centuries, there was much ado about e pluribus unum: out of many, one: a unified culture, unified self, unified mind, unity of time and space. Now at the start of this century, the reverse applies. E unum pluribus, out of one, many: many selves, many presences, many locations, many levels of consciousness. The many realities we inhabit-material, virtual, and spiritual, for example-are accompanied by our sense of being present simultaneously in many worlds: physical presence in ecospace, apparitional presence in spiritual space, telepresence in cyberspace, and vibrational presence in nanospace. In this respect, Second Life is the rehearsal room for future scenarios in which we will endlessly re-invent our many selves. As artists, we deal with the complexities of media that are at once immaterial and moist, numinous and grounded; and the complexity of the technoetic mind that both inhabits the body and is distributed across time and space. Where all these differences could be at odds with each other, we are in fact developing a capacity, mostly unconsciously, to syncretise. That is, to analogise and reconcile contradictions, while melding differences, such that art and reality are becoming syncretic. What today we build in the immateriality of cyberspace will tomorrow be realised concretely with nano technology. Our syncretic reality will emerge partly through the cultural coherence that intensive interconnectivity elicits, partly through the nano and quantum coherence at the base of our world-building, and through the spiritual coherence that informs the field of our multi-layered consciousness.
{"title":"Syncretic Fields: Art, Mind, and the Many Realities","authors":"R. Ascott","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.63","url":null,"abstract":"In the late 20th century, the formative issues in digital art were about connectivity and interaction. Now at the start of the 3rd millennium, our post-digital objectives will increasingly be technoetic and syncretic. During the previous two centuries, there was much ado about e pluribus unum: out of many, one: a unified culture, unified self, unified mind, unity of time and space. Now at the start of this century, the reverse applies. E unum pluribus, out of one, many: many selves, many presences, many locations, many levels of consciousness. The many realities we inhabit-material, virtual, and spiritual, for example-are accompanied by our sense of being present simultaneously in many worlds: physical presence in ecospace, apparitional presence in spiritual space, telepresence in cyberspace, and vibrational presence in nanospace. In this respect, Second Life is the rehearsal room for future scenarios in which we will endlessly re-invent our many selves. As artists, we deal with the complexities of media that are at once immaterial and moist, numinous and grounded; and the complexity of the technoetic mind that both inhabits the body and is distributed across time and space. Where all these differences could be at odds with each other, we are in fact developing a capacity, mostly unconsciously, to syncretise. That is, to analogise and reconcile contradictions, while melding differences, such that art and reality are becoming syncretic. What today we build in the immateriality of cyberspace will tomorrow be realised concretely with nano technology. Our syncretic reality will emerge partly through the cultural coherence that intensive interconnectivity elicits, partly through the nano and quantum coherence at the base of our world-building, and through the spiritual coherence that informs the field of our multi-layered consciousness.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130574838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a novel display system named "active display" is proposed for bi-directional telexistence system. It consists of a 5-bar spherical parallel mechanism, a LCD and 3 actuators. The LCD is moved by the parallel mechanism along a spherical surface whose center is at the head of the operator. Its motions are synchronized with a remote camera system. As a result, the operator can see anywhere in the remote environment with realistic sensation similar to a head-mounted display (HMD). In addition, the facial information of the operator can be easily acquired because the monitor is separated from his/her face. This feature yields a big advantage compared with the HMD. Furthermore, it allows the operator to access peripheral devices very easily. The concept of the active display, details of the developed mechanisms, the control system and the human interface are discussed. In addition, to confirm the feasibility, several experiments are executed.
{"title":"Development of an Active Display","authors":"Y. Tsumaki, S. Kawai, Takuya Sato","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.26","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel display system named \"active display\" is proposed for bi-directional telexistence system. It consists of a 5-bar spherical parallel mechanism, a LCD and 3 actuators. The LCD is moved by the parallel mechanism along a spherical surface whose center is at the head of the operator. Its motions are synchronized with a remote camera system. As a result, the operator can see anywhere in the remote environment with realistic sensation similar to a head-mounted display (HMD). In addition, the facial information of the operator can be easily acquired because the monitor is separated from his/her face. This feature yields a big advantage compared with the HMD. Furthermore, it allows the operator to access peripheral devices very easily. The concept of the active display, details of the developed mechanisms, the control system and the human interface are discussed. In addition, to confirm the feasibility, several experiments are executed.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116044646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dental calculus, hardened plaque on the teeth, is a cause of periodontitis, or gum diseases in the mouth. For dentists and dental hygienists, it is an important task to remove the calculi from patients. The task is called "tooth scaling" and the calculi just beside the gum and between the tooth and gum are usually removed by using a hand scaler. Since the scaling by a hand scaler requires skill, apprentice dentists and dental hygienists must be trained in order to get the skill. Unfortunately in the training environment, however, there are several problems such as difficulty in collecting teeth on which various types of calculi are stuck, lack of cooperative patients, and so on. Authors have newly developed a simulator for the training by using a PHANToM and a video-see-through HMD. The training effectiveness has been evaluated by artificial calculus removal on model teeth, and subjectively evaluated by veterans. The experimental result shows the developed simulator is more effective than the conventional paint removing method.
{"title":"Training of Tooth Scaling by Simulator -- Development of Simulator and Investigation of its Effectiveness --","authors":"Nobuyoshi Hashimoto, H. Kato, K. Matsui","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.36","url":null,"abstract":"Dental calculus, hardened plaque on the teeth, is a cause of periodontitis, or gum diseases in the mouth. For dentists and dental hygienists, it is an important task to remove the calculi from patients. The task is called \"tooth scaling\" and the calculi just beside the gum and between the tooth and gum are usually removed by using a hand scaler. Since the scaling by a hand scaler requires skill, apprentice dentists and dental hygienists must be trained in order to get the skill. Unfortunately in the training environment, however, there are several problems such as difficulty in collecting teeth on which various types of calculi are stuck, lack of cooperative patients, and so on. Authors have newly developed a simulator for the training by using a PHANToM and a video-see-through HMD. The training effectiveness has been evaluated by artificial calculus removal on model teeth, and subjectively evaluated by veterans. The experimental result shows the developed simulator is more effective than the conventional paint removing method.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127713803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents a support on the remote interaction for utilization in augmented reality systems based on ARToolkit. It utilizes the multicast communication in order to improve the scalability of distributed environment. This support may be utilized in production of specific applications pointed to distance education, training and entertainment. The validity of support happened with the implementation of a prototype and realization of tests for communication latency analysis and frames per second rate.
{"title":"Support on the Remote Interaction for Augmented Reality System","authors":"Elaine Parra Affonso, A. Sementille","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.9","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a support on the remote interaction for utilization in augmented reality systems based on ARToolkit. It utilizes the multicast communication in order to improve the scalability of distributed environment. This support may be utilized in production of specific applications pointed to distance education, training and entertainment. The validity of support happened with the implementation of a prototype and realization of tests for communication latency analysis and frames per second rate.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127506424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Hull, B. Erol, J. Graham, Qifa Ke, H. Kishi, Jorge Moraleda, Daniel G. Van Olst
A new method for augmenting paper documents with electronic information is described that does not modify the format of the paper document in any way. Applicable to both commercially printed documents as well as documents that are output from PC's, the technique we call paper-based augmented reality substantially improves the utility of paper. We describe the recognition technology that makes this possible as well as several applications. An implementation on a camera phone is discussed that lets users retrieve data and access links from paper documents to electronic data. Recognition is performed at 4 frames per second on a Treo 700 w and support is provided for several user applications, including "clickable paper" - printed Web pages whose appearance is unchanged but that can be navigated with a camera phone.
{"title":"Paper-Based Augmented Reality","authors":"J. Hull, B. Erol, J. Graham, Qifa Ke, H. Kishi, Jorge Moraleda, Daniel G. Van Olst","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.49","url":null,"abstract":"A new method for augmenting paper documents with electronic information is described that does not modify the format of the paper document in any way. Applicable to both commercially printed documents as well as documents that are output from PC's, the technique we call paper-based augmented reality substantially improves the utility of paper. We describe the recognition technology that makes this possible as well as several applications. An implementation on a camera phone is discussed that lets users retrieve data and access links from paper documents to electronic data. Recognition is performed at 4 frames per second on a Treo 700 w and support is provided for several user applications, including \"clickable paper\" - printed Web pages whose appearance is unchanged but that can be navigated with a camera phone.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133004348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we present a real-time 3D object tracking algorithm based on edges and using a single pre-calibrated camera. During the tracking process, the algorithm is continuously projecting the 3D model to the current frame by using the pose estimated in the previous frame. Once projected, some control points are generated along the visible edges of the object. The next pose is estimated by minimizing the distances between the control points and the edges detected in the image.
{"title":"Edge-Based Markerless 3D Tracking of Rigid Objects","authors":"Javier Barandiarán, D. Borro","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.62","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a real-time 3D object tracking algorithm based on edges and using a single pre-calibrated camera. During the tracking process, the algorithm is continuously projecting the 3D model to the current frame by using the pose estimated in the previous frame. Once projected, some control points are generated along the visible edges of the object. The next pose is estimated by minimizing the distances between the control points and the edges detected in the image.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133397597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Present augmented reality systems are isolated islands with no or little capability to receive 3D information from the outside world. In this paper we describe how Google Earth can be used to transform the physical world into an AR mailbox. We demonstrate a system where a mobile phone AR environment can be defined and advertised by a portal, using a simple visual/tangible approach. The focus has been on the ease of use. The current limitations are tracking stability and lack of high quality Google Earth content.
{"title":"Augmented Earth: Towards Ubiquitous AR Messaging","authors":"Anders Henrysson, M. Andel","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.48","url":null,"abstract":"Present augmented reality systems are isolated islands with no or little capability to receive 3D information from the outside world. In this paper we describe how Google Earth can be used to transform the physical world into an AR mailbox. We demonstrate a system where a mobile phone AR environment can be defined and advertised by a portal, using a simple visual/tangible approach. The focus has been on the ease of use. The current limitations are tracking stability and lack of high quality Google Earth content.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133965662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of Virtual Environment (VE) systems is a challenging endeavor with a complex problem domain. The experience in the past decade has helped contribute significantly to various measures of software quality of the resulting VE systems. However, the resulting solutions remain monolithic in nature without addressing successfully the issue of system interoperability and software aging. This paper argues that the problem resides in the traditional system centric approach and that an alternative approach based on system of systems engineering is necessary. As a result, the paper presents a reference architecture based on layers, where only the core is required for deployment and all others are optional. The paper also presents an evaluation methodology to assess the validity of the resulting architecture, which was applied to the proposed core layer and involving individual sessions with 12 experts in developing VE systems.
{"title":"Extensible Virtual Environment Systems Using System of Systems Engineering Approach","authors":"Manuel Oliveira, João Pereira","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.61","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Virtual Environment (VE) systems is a challenging endeavor with a complex problem domain. The experience in the past decade has helped contribute significantly to various measures of software quality of the resulting VE systems. However, the resulting solutions remain monolithic in nature without addressing successfully the issue of system interoperability and software aging. This paper argues that the problem resides in the traditional system centric approach and that an alternative approach based on system of systems engineering is necessary. As a result, the paper presents a reference architecture based on layers, where only the core is required for deployment and all others are optional. The paper also presents an evaluation methodology to assess the validity of the resulting architecture, which was applied to the proposed core layer and involving individual sessions with 12 experts in developing VE systems.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121703799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper shows the latest results of our artificial embryogeny model (Cussat-Blanc et al., 2007). In nature, cells are able to specialize their functions. This specialization allows the creation of cells groups that perform the same function, commonly named tissues. To perform a specific action, tissues are grouped in organs. The cell specialization happens at different stages in the organism's development. The internals of this specialization is coded in the DNA molecule as a gene regulatory network and regulated during the growth with different proteins contained in the foetus neighborhood. In our project, we want to simulate this specialization using different levels of detail. This paper presents a model that forgets the complexity of chemistry and physics to focus on the complexity of cell's mechanisms. Using this model, we want to generate artificial creature like Sims' ones (1994).
本文展示了我们人工胚胎发生模型的最新结果(Cussat-Blanc et al.， 2007)。在自然界中，细胞能够专门化它们的功能。这种专门化允许创建具有相同功能的细胞群，通常称为组织。为了执行特定的动作，组织被归类为器官。细胞特化发生在生物体发育的不同阶段。这种专门化的内部编码在DNA分子中，作为一个基因调控网络，并在生长过程中受到胎儿周围不同蛋白质的调节。在我们的项目中，我们希望使用不同层次的细节来模拟这种专门化。本文提出了一个忘记化学和物理的复杂性而关注细胞机制的复杂性的模型。使用这个模型，我们想要生成像《模拟人生》(1994)那样的人造生物。
{"title":"Using a single cell to create an entire organ","authors":"Sylvain Cussat-Blanc, H. Luga, Y. Duthen","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.40","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows the latest results of our artificial embryogeny model (Cussat-Blanc et al., 2007). In nature, cells are able to specialize their functions. This specialization allows the creation of cells groups that perform the same function, commonly named tissues. To perform a specific action, tissues are grouped in organs. The cell specialization happens at different stages in the organism's development. The internals of this specialization is coded in the DNA molecule as a gene regulatory network and regulated during the growth with different proteins contained in the foetus neighborhood. In our project, we want to simulate this specialization using different levels of detail. This paper presents a model that forgets the complexity of chemistry and physics to focus on the complexity of cell's mechanisms. Using this model, we want to generate artificial creature like Sims' ones (1994).","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128583992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Khadraoui, P. Lorenz, B. Hirsbrunner, D. Khadraoui
This paper deals with interactive multimedia applications design whose main function is growing due to the users' needs that expect increasingly complex scenarios under a high level of interactivity. Digital media technology is becoming an integral part of our daily activities.Using multimedia objects in building rich and interactive content for iDTV (Interactive TV) is a complex task. In order to facilitate the way in which the user can freely interact with those multimedia objects makes the applications have to know how to adapt for the situations in order to improve the interaction. In such a context, we believe that the fact to converge on the principles of the smart multimedia objects is the right solution. Then we suggest, by the means of new approach,* the modelling of adaptable and reusable multimedia content called smart multimedia object (SMO) approach.
{"title":"A SMO interaction and management model for iDTV applications","authors":"M. Khadraoui, P. Lorenz, B. Hirsbrunner, D. Khadraoui","doi":"10.1109/ICAT.2007.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAT.2007.54","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with interactive multimedia applications design whose main function is growing due to the users' needs that expect increasingly complex scenarios under a high level of interactivity. Digital media technology is becoming an integral part of our daily activities.Using multimedia objects in building rich and interactive content for iDTV (Interactive TV) is a complex task. In order to facilitate the way in which the user can freely interact with those multimedia objects makes the applications have to know how to adapt for the situations in order to improve the interaction. In such a context, we believe that the fact to converge on the principles of the smart multimedia objects is the right solution. Then we suggest, by the means of new approach,* the modelling of adaptable and reusable multimedia content called smart multimedia object (SMO) approach.","PeriodicalId":110856,"journal":{"name":"17th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence (ICAT 2007)","volume":"2019 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133924459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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