Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59040
Mohammad Azmal Hossain Bhuiyan, M. Islam, S. Islam, A. Kowser, S. A. Kakoly, M. Mohid, S. Islam, M. Khondker
The section of Sitalakhsya River near heavily industrial zone of the District of Narayanganj has been studied for its water quality and potamoplankton dynamics. One year bimonthly sampling from DakhshinRupshi Station of the river was carried out. The air and water temperature of the river ranged from 25.6 - 34.0°C and 26.5 - 32.8°C, respectively. The temperature of water was lower than air by ca. 2.0°C. Water depth at the study station did not vary much but fluctuated only between 6.09 and 7.92 m. The Secchi disc transparency (Zs) varied from 0.2 - 0.6 m showing the lowest in March. Total dissolved Solids (TDS) load in water was 85 - 663 mg/l but the electrical conductivity varied from 110 - 910 μS/cm being the month of March as highest record. pH was alkaline and the fluctuations were negligible (7.2 - 7.4). Alkalinity peaked in March (6.65 meq/l) which dropped to 1.00 meq/l in August and October. Both dissolved oxygen (DO) and free carbon dioxide levels were low which varied from 0.37 - 2.43 and 0.04 - 1.93 mg/l, respectively. Among dissolved nutrients, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) showed a low value from May to December (89.48 - 127.70 μg/l). It, however, peaked during March (1265.94 μg/l). Soluble reactive silicate (SRS) concentration ranged from 7.01 - 82.11 mg/l, while the concentration of NO3-N ranged from 0.19 - 1.29 mg/l. The potamoplankton biomass as chl-a ranged from 3.38 - 24.52 μg/l, while its degraded product phaeopigment varied from 1.97 - 11.13 μg/l. The total density of potamoplankton showed their highest growth during December to March (2223 - 4293 ×103) and the lowest from May to October (181 - 785 ×103). The ranges of water quality and planktonic parameters recorded from the Sitalakhsya River are quite comparable with three other peripheral rivers of Dhaka Metropolitan City (DMC) namely, Balu, Turag, and Buriganga. But, low DO and poor transparency along with higher load of TDS made this river water quality relatively lower grading compared to others. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 487-497, 2022 (June)
{"title":"Water quality and potamoplankton periodicity of Sitalakhsya river, Narayanganj, Bangladesh","authors":"Mohammad Azmal Hossain Bhuiyan, M. Islam, S. Islam, A. Kowser, S. A. Kakoly, M. Mohid, S. Islam, M. Khondker","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59040","url":null,"abstract":"The section of Sitalakhsya River near heavily industrial zone of the District of Narayanganj has been studied for its water quality and potamoplankton dynamics. One year bimonthly sampling from DakhshinRupshi Station of the river was carried out. The air and water temperature of the river ranged from 25.6 - 34.0°C and 26.5 - 32.8°C, respectively. The temperature of water was lower than air by ca. 2.0°C. Water depth at the study station did not vary much but fluctuated only between 6.09 and 7.92 m. The Secchi disc transparency (Zs) varied from 0.2 - 0.6 m showing the lowest in March. Total dissolved Solids (TDS) load in water was 85 - 663 mg/l but the electrical conductivity varied from 110 - 910 μS/cm being the month of March as highest record. pH was alkaline and the fluctuations were negligible (7.2 - 7.4). Alkalinity peaked in March (6.65 meq/l) which dropped to 1.00 meq/l in August and October. Both dissolved oxygen (DO) and free carbon dioxide levels were low which varied from 0.37 - 2.43 and 0.04 - 1.93 mg/l, respectively. Among dissolved nutrients, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) showed a low value from May to December (89.48 - 127.70 μg/l). It, however, peaked during March (1265.94 μg/l). Soluble reactive silicate (SRS) concentration ranged from 7.01 - 82.11 mg/l, while the concentration of NO3-N ranged from 0.19 - 1.29 mg/l. The potamoplankton biomass as chl-a ranged from 3.38 - 24.52 μg/l, while its degraded product phaeopigment varied from 1.97 - 11.13 μg/l. The total density of potamoplankton showed their highest growth during December to March (2223 - 4293 ×103) and the lowest from May to October (181 - 785 ×103). The ranges of water quality and planktonic parameters recorded from the Sitalakhsya River are quite comparable with three other peripheral rivers of Dhaka Metropolitan City (DMC) namely, Balu, Turag, and Buriganga. But, low DO and poor transparency along with higher load of TDS made this river water quality relatively lower grading compared to others.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 487-497, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73978633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59042
Md Harunor Rashid Khan, Sumana Akter
Soil fertility and rice production were the most frequently mentioned issues identified not only in all the countries of Asia but also in the rest of the world. Hence, it is essential to pay attention for sustainable rice production, climate-smart agriculture and soil health. Accordingly, assessments of selected soil health indicators, such as, pH, organic matter and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in all 17 Upazilas of Cumilla district of Bangladesh were completed under the financial support of the Climate Change Trust Fund (CCTF). A few strategies were used for the improvement of soil health in response to smart rice production at the field site using locally available organic-fertilizers, viz. Vermicompost (V), Rice husk ash (RHA) and Burned poultry litters (BPL) at the rates of 0, 4 and 8 t ha-1 under the soil temperature elevation of 2 to 3°C (i.e. 25 to 28°C) and moisture levels of 60 and 90%. The above mentioned parameters of soil health at the Golden Jubilee of Bangladesh were found to be improved slightly compared to those of the 1970s and 2000s. These trends of improvement were found to be enhanced by the stated treatments. The yields of different rice varieties were increased from 4.4 - 5.5 to 8.4 – 9.1 t ha-1 by the treatments and the order of their effectiveness for grain yields and protein contents were V > BPL > RHA. Organic matter contents, pH and CEC of the studied soils were increased by these treatments and decreased CH4 emissions from the studied rice field. However, these approaches of sustainability cannot be provided by the poor farmers and therefore, the government should come forward to help these farmers in order to build a ‘Developed Bangladesh’ – the dream of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the Father of the Nation and the Honorable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, the Mother of Humanity and the Champion of the Earth. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 511-531, 2022 (June)
不仅在亚洲所有国家，而且在世界其他地区，土壤肥力和水稻生产是最经常提到的问题。因此，必须重视可持续水稻生产、气候智慧型农业和土壤健康。因此，在气候变化信托基金(CCTF)的财政支持下，在孟加拉国卡米拉区所有17个乌帕齐拉完成了对选定土壤健康指标的评估，如pH值、有机质和阳离子交换能力(CEC)。在土壤温度升高2至3°C(即25至28°C)，湿度为60%和90%的条件下，采用了几种策略来改善土壤健康，以响应田间智能水稻生产，使用当地可获得的有机肥，即蚯蚓堆肥(V)、稻壳灰(RHA)和燃烧的家禽凋落物(BPL)，其速率分别为0、4和8 t hm -1。与1970年代和2000年代相比，孟加拉国金禧年的上述土壤健康参数略有改善。这些改善趋势被发现在上述治疗中得到加强。不同水稻品种的产量由4.4 ~ 5.5 t hm -1提高到8.4 ~ 9.1 t hm -1，对籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响顺序为V > BPL > RHA。这些处理提高了土壤的有机质含量、pH值和CEC，减少了稻田CH4的排放。然而，这些可持续发展的方法无法由贫穷的农民提供，因此，政府应该挺身而出帮助这些农民，以建立一个“发达的孟加拉国”-孟加拉国之父，谢赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼和尊敬的谢赫·哈西娜总理的梦想，人类之母和地球的捍卫者。达卡大学。Sci. 30(3 CSI): 511-531, 2022(6月)
{"title":"Selected parameters of soil health in Cumilla district at the Golden Jubilee of Bangladesh and strategies for their sustainable improvement towards rice production","authors":"Md Harunor Rashid Khan, Sumana Akter","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59042","url":null,"abstract":"Soil fertility and rice production were the most frequently mentioned issues identified not only in all the countries of Asia but also in the rest of the world. Hence, it is essential to pay attention for sustainable rice production, climate-smart agriculture and soil health. Accordingly, assessments of selected soil health indicators, such as, pH, organic matter and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in all 17 Upazilas of Cumilla district of Bangladesh were completed under the financial support of the Climate Change Trust Fund (CCTF). A few strategies were used for the improvement of soil health in response to smart rice production at the field site using locally available organic-fertilizers, viz. Vermicompost (V), Rice husk ash (RHA) and Burned poultry litters (BPL) at the rates of 0, 4 and 8 t ha-1 under the soil temperature elevation of 2 to 3°C (i.e. 25 to 28°C) and moisture levels of 60 and 90%. The above mentioned parameters of soil health at the Golden Jubilee of Bangladesh were found to be improved slightly compared to those of the 1970s and 2000s. These trends of improvement were found to be enhanced by the stated treatments. The yields of different rice varieties were increased from 4.4 - 5.5 to 8.4 – 9.1 t ha-1 by the treatments and the order of their effectiveness for grain yields and protein contents were V > BPL > RHA. Organic matter contents, pH and CEC of the studied soils were increased by these treatments and decreased CH4 emissions from the studied rice field. However, these approaches of sustainability cannot be provided by the poor farmers and therefore, the government should come forward to help these farmers in order to build a ‘Developed Bangladesh’ – the dream of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the Father of the Nation and the Honorable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, the Mother of Humanity and the Champion of the Earth.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 511-531, 2022 (June) ","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76970510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59036
Protika Sarker, M. Kashem, Ashfaque Ahmed, S. Hoque, M. Z. Hossain
This study investigated the effect of plantation of exotic species Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) on the physico-chemical properties of soil by collecting field data and also on litter decomposition and nitrogen mineralization rates of the other selected species by following microcosm experimental design. Effects of Eucalyptus plantation on soil properties were studied by comparing soil properties of plots planted with Eucalyptus and other two species Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.) and Lagerstroemia (Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.) located at Madhupur, Tangail and Singra, Dinajpur, respectively. Effects of Eucalyptus litter on decomposition and nitrogen mineralization rates of litter of Axonopus (Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv), Swietenia (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) and Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) were studied by incubating leaf litter of these species with that of Eucalyptus at room temperature for 12 months. Results showed that soil moisture content was significantly lower in plot planted with Eucalyptus than that with Lagerstroemia. However, no significant difference appeared when soil moisture content was compared between Eucalyptus and Acacia indicating that plantation effects varied with the identity of species. Soil pH, total P (%) and organic C (%) contents were significantly lower in plots planted with Eucalyptus. Although mixing of leaf litter of Eucalyptus with that of A. compressus, S. mahagoni and T. grandis did not affect significantly, it affected mass loss rate of these three plant species significantly and such effect could be explained by the chemical composition of the litter used in the incubation study. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that plantation with Eucalyptus might have potential influence on altering soil properties and litter decomposition of other plant species, nevertheless, such effects varied with the species with whom the comparison was made. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 443-452, 2022 (June)
{"title":"Effects of eucalyptus on soil properties and litter decomposition processes","authors":"Protika Sarker, M. Kashem, Ashfaque Ahmed, S. Hoque, M. Z. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59036","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of plantation of exotic species Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) on the physico-chemical properties of soil by collecting field data and also on litter decomposition and nitrogen mineralization rates of the other selected species by following microcosm experimental design. Effects of Eucalyptus plantation on soil properties were studied by comparing soil properties of plots planted with Eucalyptus and other two species Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.) and Lagerstroemia (Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.) located at Madhupur, Tangail and Singra, Dinajpur, respectively. Effects of Eucalyptus litter on decomposition and nitrogen mineralization rates of litter of Axonopus (Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv), Swietenia (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) and Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) were studied by incubating leaf litter of these species with that of Eucalyptus at room temperature for 12 months. Results showed that soil moisture content was significantly lower in plot planted with Eucalyptus than that with Lagerstroemia. However, no significant difference appeared when soil moisture content was compared between Eucalyptus and Acacia indicating that plantation effects varied with the identity of species. Soil pH, total P (%) and organic C (%) contents were significantly lower in plots planted with Eucalyptus. Although mixing of leaf litter of Eucalyptus with that of A. compressus, S. mahagoni and T. grandis did not affect significantly, it affected mass loss rate of these three plant species significantly and such effect could be explained by the chemical composition of the litter used in the incubation study. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that plantation with Eucalyptus might have potential influence on altering soil properties and litter decomposition of other plant species, nevertheless, such effects varied with the species with whom the comparison was made.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 443-452, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75367090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59035
A. R. Shome, M. Alam, Md. Fazle Rabbe, Md. Mokhlesur Rahman, M. F. Jaman
Nowadays urbanization continues, and poses a serious threat to wildlife globally. A survey-based study on wildlife was conducted for three years from March 2017 to February 2020 in Dhaka University campus. Data was collected through direct visual encounter observations. A total of 94 species of wildlife under 20 orders and 52 families were observed. Of the documented wildlife, 5 (5.32%) species belongs to amphibians, 10 (10.64%) reptiles, 70 (74.47%) birds and 9 (9.57%) mammals. The highest species richness (72, 76.60%) was observed in the third year (March 2019 to February 2020), particularly in winter season. Although the lowest richness was (63, 67.02%) found in the first year (March 2017 to February 2018), but the evenness was the highest this year, particularly in summer season. We counted the highest number of individuals (n=5227, 35.73%) in the first year (March 2017 to February 2018) but these counts have gradually decreased with the lowest in the third year (March 2019 to February 2020). Among 94 species, 44 species (46.80%) were very common, 3 (3.19%) common, 17(18.09%) uncommon and 30 (31.91%) were few. Duttaphrynus melanostictus was the most abundant (66.89%) among amphibians, Hemidactylus frenatus (40.82%) for reptiles, Psittacula krameri (18.73%) for birds and Mus musculus (28.68%) for mammals. Rampant human movements and sound pollution were frequent inside the campus that might affect wildlife. Therefore, long-term systematic monitoring is necessary to understand the species diversity and population trend of wildlife in the campus. Moreover, this baseline information may help urban policymakers to take proper management measures for the protection of wildlife in the study area. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 429-442, 2022 (June)
{"title":"Ecology and diversity of wildlife in Dhaka University Campus, Bangladesh","authors":"A. R. Shome, M. Alam, Md. Fazle Rabbe, Md. Mokhlesur Rahman, M. F. Jaman","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59035","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays urbanization continues, and poses a serious threat to wildlife globally. A survey-based study on wildlife was conducted for three years from March 2017 to February 2020 in Dhaka University campus. Data was collected through direct visual encounter observations. A total of 94 species of wildlife under 20 orders and 52 families were observed. Of the documented wildlife, 5 (5.32%) species belongs to amphibians, 10 (10.64%) reptiles, 70 (74.47%) birds and 9 (9.57%) mammals. The highest species richness (72, 76.60%) was observed in the third year (March 2019 to February 2020), particularly in winter season. Although the lowest richness was (63, 67.02%) found in the first year (March 2017 to February 2018), but the evenness was the highest this year, particularly in summer season. We counted the highest number of individuals (n=5227, 35.73%) in the first year (March 2017 to February 2018) but these counts have gradually decreased with the lowest in the third year (March 2019 to February 2020). Among 94 species, 44 species (46.80%) were very common, 3 (3.19%) common, 17(18.09%) uncommon and 30 (31.91%) were few. Duttaphrynus melanostictus was the most abundant (66.89%) among amphibians, Hemidactylus frenatus (40.82%) for reptiles, Psittacula krameri (18.73%) for birds and Mus musculus (28.68%) for mammals. Rampant human movements and sound pollution were frequent inside the campus that might affect wildlife. Therefore, long-term systematic monitoring is necessary to understand the species diversity and population trend of wildlife in the campus. Moreover, this baseline information may help urban policymakers to take proper management measures for the protection of wildlife in the study area.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 429-442, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89622534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59033
Lipy Gloria Rozario, S. Islam
The study aims to gain primary evidences on the mental health condition of Bangladesh. A quantitative survey instrument was applied on 982 respondents from Dhaka, Chittagong, and Rajshahi divisions in Bangladesh. It included adult sample, aged above 18 years from different hospitals, universities and organizations. 51.7% of the respondents were male and rest 48.9% female. The survey focused on knowledge, attitude and behavior related to mental health. This paper presents the behavioral manifestation of mental health condition. From the description of different psychological problems the responders encounter in their life, depression (69.5%) was identified as the highest manifested mental health issue followed by anxiety (66.8%) and study-related issues (64.5%). Notable percentage had experience of trauma (28.0%), and abuse (19.2% physical abuse and 10.1% sexual abuse). Suicidal ideation was found to be present in 19.8% of the respondents. Significant gender differences towards male were found for problem with study, anger, romantic relation, eating, and substance abuse. Females had significantly higher experience of sexual abuse. Similar significant regional difference were noted for several behavioral indicators of mental health; Dhaka being the highest prevailing region. It was found to be true specifically for suicidal thoughts and attempts. This study reestablished the alarming situation of mental health existing among the people in Bangladesh which call forth urgent action to address the most vital aspect of health through psychological assistance. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 405-416, 2022 (June)
{"title":"Scenario of mental health in Bangladesh: A signature glimpse","authors":"Lipy Gloria Rozario, S. Islam","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59033","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to gain primary evidences on the mental health condition of Bangladesh. A quantitative survey instrument was applied on 982 respondents from Dhaka, Chittagong, and Rajshahi divisions in Bangladesh. It included adult sample, aged above 18 years from different hospitals, universities and organizations. 51.7% of the respondents were male and rest 48.9% female. The survey focused on knowledge, attitude and behavior related to mental health. This paper presents the behavioral manifestation of mental health condition. From the description of different psychological problems the responders encounter in their life, depression (69.5%) was identified as the highest manifested mental health issue followed by anxiety (66.8%) and study-related issues (64.5%). Notable percentage had experience of trauma (28.0%), and abuse (19.2% physical abuse and 10.1% sexual abuse). Suicidal ideation was found to be present in 19.8% of the respondents. Significant gender differences towards male were found for problem with study, anger, romantic relation, eating, and substance abuse. Females had significantly higher experience of sexual abuse. Similar significant regional difference were noted for several behavioral indicators of mental health; Dhaka being the highest prevailing region. It was found to be true specifically for suicidal thoughts and attempts. This study reestablished the alarming situation of mental health existing among the people in Bangladesh which call forth urgent action to address the most vital aspect of health through psychological assistance.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 405-416, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78986845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59030
M. Mohiuddin, B. Rokeya, Mohammad Abdullah Al Shoeb, Y. Kabir
Sodium benzoate (E211) is used as a preservative in several kinds of food. One of the essential uses of E211 is to preserve non-alcoholic carbonated beverages. The amount of sodium benzoate in 17 local soft drink samples was estimated in the present study. The in vivo effects on biochemical aspects of the liver, kidney function, and DNA damage in lymphocytes were also investigated after oral administration of sodium benzoate in rats over 12 days. The control and experimental groups were fed standard pellet diet and distilled water ad libitum; and administered distilled water (control) and different concentrations (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg body weight) of sodium benzoate once daily through a stomach tube (0.5 ml), respectively. The alkaline comet assay was performed to investigate the possible DNA damage induced by E211 in lymphocytes. At the end of the experiment, after overnight fasting the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected. Animals showed no significant weight loss or gain. The investigation revealed that twelve samples contained a higher level, and the rest had trace or below the recommended maximum permitted concentration (150 mg/l) of E211 as a preservative in the soft drinks. The percentage of tail DNA (p < 0.01) and olive tail movement (p < 0.05) was significantly increased in lymphocytes that were treated with high concentration (120 mg/kg body weight) of sodium benzoate, indicated substantially higher DNA damage (3.5 times) in lymphocytes compared to control. Moreover, serum AST activity level was increased significantly (p<0.05) in the group treated with a higher dose (120 mg/kg body weight) of E211, indicating malfunction of the liver. The preservative did not significantly affect serum ALT and ALP activity, total bilirubin, creatinine, and urea level. Nonetheless, our findings suggest that caution should be adopted for using sodium benzoate as a preservative in various food products. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 371-383, 2022 (June)
{"title":"Sodium benzoate in locally available soft drinks and its effect on DNA damage and liver function in rats","authors":"M. Mohiuddin, B. Rokeya, Mohammad Abdullah Al Shoeb, Y. Kabir","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59030","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium benzoate (E211) is used as a preservative in several kinds of food. One of the essential uses of E211 is to preserve non-alcoholic carbonated beverages. The amount of sodium benzoate in 17 local soft drink samples was estimated in the present study. The in vivo effects on biochemical aspects of the liver, kidney function, and DNA damage in lymphocytes were also investigated after oral administration of sodium benzoate in rats over 12 days. The control and experimental groups were fed standard pellet diet and distilled water ad libitum; and administered distilled water (control) and different concentrations (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg body weight) of sodium benzoate once daily through a stomach tube (0.5 ml), respectively. The alkaline comet assay was performed to investigate the possible DNA damage induced by E211 in lymphocytes. At the end of the experiment, after overnight fasting the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected. Animals showed no significant weight loss or gain. The investigation revealed that twelve samples contained a higher level, and the rest had trace or below the recommended maximum permitted concentration (150 mg/l) of E211 as a preservative in the soft drinks. The percentage of tail DNA (p < 0.01) and olive tail movement (p < 0.05) was significantly increased in lymphocytes that were treated with high concentration (120 mg/kg body weight) of sodium benzoate, indicated substantially higher DNA damage (3.5 times) in lymphocytes compared to control. Moreover, serum AST activity level was increased significantly (p<0.05) in the group treated with a higher dose (120 mg/kg body weight) of E211, indicating malfunction of the liver. The preservative did not significantly affect serum ALT and ALP activity, total bilirubin, creatinine, and urea level. Nonetheless, our findings suggest that caution should be adopted for using sodium benzoate as a preservative in various food products.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 371-383, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87095580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59032
SU Mahdiyah, T. Ahsan, K. Fatema, SS Shoily, AA Sajib
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays important roles in cancerous transformation of epithelial cells in many solid cancers. Due to the pivotal role of EGFR in cellular proliferation and metastasis, it is a promising molecular target for the treatment of various cancers. One of the major treatment approaches uses anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeted to the extracellular domain of the receptor to competitively block the binding of its ligands. Cetuximab, necitumumab, nimotuzumab, and panitumumab are such approved mAbs which are commercially available and used to treat multiple types of cancers. The response rates to these expensive therapeutics in various cancers range from nearly 9% to 91%. Hence, the objective of this study was to indentify whether any of the missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EGFR gene impart any structural and functional impact on the receptor’s interaction with these antibodies. We used X-ray crystallographic structures (from Protein Data Bank) of the Fab fragments of these therapeutic antibodies in complex with EGFR to analyze the effects of the missense mutations on the antigen-antibody interactions. We also assessed the potential association of the destabilizing variants with pathogenicity and disease susceptibility. EGFR H433Q (rs1171743336), S464T (rs746763556), S492G (rs1057519760) and S492R (rs1057519860) variants appear to weaken interactions between EGFR and cetuximab, which is the most widely used anti-EGFR therapeutic antibody. Other epitopic variants do not appear to affect interactions between EGFR and relevant mAbs (necitumumab, nimotuzumab, and panitumumab). Prior to treatment of the EGFR mediated conditions with cetuximab, screening of variants that destabilize antibody-EGFR interaction may be considered as a companion diagnostic test for avoiding unresponsiveness and improving therapeutic outcomes. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 393-403, 2022 (June)
{"title":"Interactions of epitopic variants of epidermal growth factor receptor with therapeutic anti- EGFR antibodies","authors":"SU Mahdiyah, T. Ahsan, K. Fatema, SS Shoily, AA Sajib","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59032","url":null,"abstract":"Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays important roles in cancerous transformation of epithelial cells in many solid cancers. Due to the pivotal role of EGFR in cellular proliferation and metastasis, it is a promising molecular target for the treatment of various cancers. One of the major treatment approaches uses anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeted to the extracellular domain of the receptor to competitively block the binding of its ligands. Cetuximab, necitumumab, nimotuzumab, and panitumumab are such approved mAbs which are commercially available and used to treat multiple types of cancers. The response rates to these expensive therapeutics in various cancers range from nearly 9% to 91%. Hence, the objective of this study was to indentify whether any of the missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EGFR gene impart any structural and functional impact on the receptor’s interaction with these antibodies. We used X-ray crystallographic structures (from Protein Data Bank) of the Fab fragments of these therapeutic antibodies in complex with EGFR to analyze the effects of the missense mutations on the antigen-antibody interactions. We also assessed the potential association of the destabilizing variants with pathogenicity and disease susceptibility. EGFR H433Q (rs1171743336), S464T (rs746763556), S492G (rs1057519760) and S492R (rs1057519860) variants appear to weaken interactions between EGFR and cetuximab, which is the most widely used anti-EGFR therapeutic antibody. Other epitopic variants do not appear to affect interactions between EGFR and relevant mAbs (necitumumab, nimotuzumab, and panitumumab). Prior to treatment of the EGFR mediated conditions with cetuximab, screening of variants that destabilize antibody-EGFR interaction may be considered as a companion diagnostic test for avoiding unresponsiveness and improving therapeutic outcomes.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 393-403, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82732521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57914
-. Md Wahiduzzaman, M. Hossain, Z. Parveen
The deterioration of environmental quality due to wastes generated from tannery industries is an alarming global issue in Bangladesh. To assess this problem in an area adjacent to the recently shifted tannery industries at Hemayetpur, soil, water and plant samples are collected from upstream as control, secondary treatment ponds, main discharge station and downstream at 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 m across the areas and are analyzed for environmental quality. The water samples of Dhaleswari river are slightly acidic to moderately alkaline pH from 6.55 to 10.60, high TDS from 176 to 10,433 mg/l, EC from 305 to 18,206 μS/cm, nitrate from 0.14 to 194 mg/l, sulfate from 10.72 to 8922 mg/l, moderate phosphate from 0.58 to 7.2 mg/l and low DO from 1.61 to 5.50 mg/l. It is clearly noticed that most of the water parameters exceeded WHO guideline values except pH and phosphate that indicates Dhaleswari river water quality is declining slowly. The available concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur in soil varies from 12 to 263, 1.19 to 38, 17 to 170, 251 to 680 mg/kg, respectively, whereas, the total concentration ranges from 0.03 to 0.14%, 0.090 to 0.14%, 0.12 to 0.48%, and 0.11 to 0.42%, respectively. In soil samples, total phosphorus and potassium concentrations are increased but sulfur decreased. The soils are found acidic in nature that have high EC 8.17 dS/m. A significant positive correlation is found with each other of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur concentrations in soil samples. The nutrients in plant samples have no deficiency those are within the optimum range. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 29-43, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Assessment of Environmental Quality of an Area Adjacent To the Relocated Tannery Inustries at Hemayetpur, Bangladesh","authors":"-. Md Wahiduzzaman, M. Hossain, Z. Parveen","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57914","url":null,"abstract":"The deterioration of environmental quality due to wastes generated from tannery industries is an alarming global issue in Bangladesh. To assess this problem in an area adjacent to the recently shifted tannery industries at Hemayetpur, soil, water and plant samples are collected from upstream as control, secondary treatment ponds, main discharge station and downstream at 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 m across the areas and are analyzed for environmental quality. The water samples of Dhaleswari river are slightly acidic to moderately alkaline pH from 6.55 to 10.60, high TDS from 176 to 10,433 mg/l, EC from 305 to 18,206 μS/cm, nitrate from 0.14 to 194 mg/l, sulfate from 10.72 to 8922 mg/l, moderate phosphate from 0.58 to 7.2 mg/l and low DO from 1.61 to 5.50 mg/l. It is clearly noticed that most of the water parameters exceeded WHO guideline values except pH and phosphate that indicates Dhaleswari river water quality is declining slowly. The available concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur in soil varies from 12 to 263, 1.19 to 38, 17 to 170, 251 to 680 mg/kg, respectively, whereas, the total concentration ranges from 0.03 to 0.14%, 0.090 to 0.14%, 0.12 to 0.48%, and 0.11 to 0.42%, respectively. In soil samples, total phosphorus and potassium concentrations are increased but sulfur decreased. The soils are found acidic in nature that have high EC 8.17 dS/m. A significant positive correlation is found with each other of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur concentrations in soil samples. The nutrients in plant samples have no deficiency those are within the optimum range.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 29-43, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83958046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57919
M. S. Rahman, Zhou Zhijin, M. K. Uddin
Previous correlational studies suggest that negative humor style such as aggressive humor style is negatively and positive humor style such as affiliative humor style is positively correlated with creativity. However, it is not yet to experimentally demonstrate the effect of aggressive and affiliative humor on creativity. Therefore, this experimental study was designed to investigate the effect of affiliative humor (AF) and aggressive humor (AG) on creative thinking. The researcher included 60 (38 male, 22 female) participants and randomly assigned 20 in each of AF, AG, and control conditions. To induce humor, theyused12 jokes in each condition. They used Remote Association Task (RAT) for convergent thinking and Alternative Use of task (AUT) for divergent thinking to measure individual creativity. The author expected that (i) people who engage in affiliative humor would perform better at convergent thinking tasks than the control group and the aggressive humor group, (ii) people who engage in affiliative humor would perform better at divergent thinking tasks than the control group and aggressive humor group. Results showed that the affiliative humor successfully induced convergent thinking better than the control group and aggressive humor in the RAT score. Similarly, AF humor successfully induced better creativity than the control group and AG humor group in three components of divergent thinking; fluency, flexibility, and elaboration. However, the mean score of AF humor was better than the AG humor group but not significant. In addition, aggressive humor, likewise affiliative humor, also induced creative thinking in the RAT task and AUT. Thus, the results partially supported all the hypotheses and indicated that in real life, humor induces individual creative thinking whether the humor is positive or negative, it doesn't matter. Both types of humor increase creative thinking. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 93-104, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Effects of Affiliative and Aggressive Humor On Creative Thinking","authors":"M. S. Rahman, Zhou Zhijin, M. K. Uddin","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57919","url":null,"abstract":"Previous correlational studies suggest that negative humor style such as aggressive humor style is negatively and positive humor style such as affiliative humor style is positively correlated with creativity. However, it is not yet to experimentally demonstrate the effect of aggressive and affiliative humor on creativity. Therefore, this experimental study was designed to investigate the effect of affiliative humor (AF) and aggressive humor (AG) on creative thinking. The researcher included 60 (38 male, 22 female) participants and randomly assigned 20 in each of AF, AG, and control conditions. To induce humor, theyused12 jokes in each condition. They used Remote Association Task (RAT) for convergent thinking and Alternative Use of task (AUT) for divergent thinking to measure individual creativity. The author expected that (i) people who engage in affiliative humor would perform better at convergent thinking tasks than the control group and the aggressive humor group, (ii) people who engage in affiliative humor would perform better at divergent thinking tasks than the control group and aggressive humor group. Results showed that the affiliative humor successfully induced convergent thinking better than the control group and aggressive humor in the RAT score. Similarly, AF humor successfully induced better creativity than the control group and AG humor group in three components of divergent thinking; fluency, flexibility, and elaboration. However, the mean score of AF humor was better than the AG humor group but not significant. In addition, aggressive humor, likewise affiliative humor, also induced creative thinking in the RAT task and AUT. Thus, the results partially supported all the hypotheses and indicated that in real life, humor induces individual creative thinking whether the humor is positive or negative, it doesn't matter. Both types of humor increase creative thinking.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 93-104, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91198537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57916
S. Chowdhury, Dibya Chakrabarty, Mk Rahman
Effects of zinc, vermicompost and their joint effects on growth, yield and nutrient accumulation in the leaves and bulb of onion (Allium cepa L.) were examined. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated thrice with twelve treatments involving different doses of Zn and vermicompost and a control treatments. Growth parameters viz. leaf height, leaf number, leaf area, leaf area index, bulb height, bulb area and fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem, bulb and root were assessed. The highest leaf height (63.87 cm), leaf number (28), leaf area (614.21 cm2), fresh weight (29.46 g) and dry weight (10.79 g) at first harvest were found in 30% vermicompost + 70% Zn application. The highest leaf height (42.33 cm), leaf number (15), leaf area (328.21 cm2), bulb height (5.67 cm), bulb equatorial diameter (5.67 cm), fresh weight (28.77 g) and dry weight (6.21 g) were found at second harvest in 30% vermicompost + 70% Zn. The maximum nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and Sulphur content of leaf were observed in 80% vermicompost + 20% Zn application. The maximum nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur content of bulb were observed in 60% vermicompost + 40% Zn application. The overall best growth performance and nutrient accumulation were observed in 30% vermicompost + 70% Zn application. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 59-66, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Influence of Zinc and Vermicompost on Growth, Yield And Mineral Nutrient Accumulation in Onion (Allium Cepa L.)","authors":"S. Chowdhury, Dibya Chakrabarty, Mk Rahman","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57916","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of zinc, vermicompost and their joint effects on growth, yield and nutrient accumulation in the leaves and bulb of onion (Allium cepa L.) were examined. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated thrice with twelve treatments involving different doses of Zn and vermicompost and a control treatments. Growth parameters viz. leaf height, leaf number, leaf area, leaf area index, bulb height, bulb area and fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem, bulb and root were assessed. The highest leaf height (63.87 cm), leaf number (28), leaf area (614.21 cm2), fresh weight (29.46 g) and dry weight (10.79 g) at first harvest were found in 30% vermicompost + 70% Zn application. The highest leaf height (42.33 cm), leaf number (15), leaf area (328.21 cm2), bulb height (5.67 cm), bulb equatorial diameter (5.67 cm), fresh weight (28.77 g) and dry weight (6.21 g) were found at second harvest in 30% vermicompost + 70% Zn. The maximum nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and Sulphur content of leaf were observed in 80% vermicompost + 20% Zn application. The maximum nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur content of bulb were observed in 60% vermicompost + 40% Zn application. The overall best growth performance and nutrient accumulation were observed in 30% vermicompost + 70% Zn application.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 59-66, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85550471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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