Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57918
N. Paul, Mosfiqur Rahman, Atiqur Rahman, T. Rahman
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes the disease Toxoplasmosis. Acute infection of T. gondii in pregnant women is dangerous because the parasite can transmit into developing foetus and can cause congenital toxoplasmosis. To assess the prevalence of T. gondii infection, its association with pregnancy and the impact of this parasite on generating oxidative stress, ninety-two pregnant women and sixty-five age matched non-pregnant control subjects were enrolled in this study. Using an immunological assay with a rapid test cassette, T. gondii specific IgG antibody was detected in 25% pregnant women while it was found only 9.2% in non-pregnant healthy control subjects, suggesting that a higher percentage of pregnant women carried chronic T. gondii infection compared to control subjects. Anti-T. gondii IgM was also tested and found to be positive in only 3.3 % pregnant women as compared to control. Polymerase Chain Reaction analysis was carried out with the DNA isolated from blood of both anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG positive pregnant women and was found to be negative for T. gondii REP-529 gene, suggesting a chronic infection. Our data suggest that pregnant women who were in contact with cat in their third trimester of pregnancy demonstrated a significantly higher association with acquiring infection. Furthermore, to determine any association of T. gondii infection with oxidative stress in pregnant women, oxidative stress markers were assessed in plasma samples. The total oxidative stress was found to be higher in T. gondii positive subjects compared to T. gondii negative samples whereas total antioxidant defence was observed to be slightly decreased in T. gondii positive pregnant women. It can primarily be said that chronic T. gondii infection in pregnant women may increase oxidative stress and this, therefore, may act as a risk factor for congenital toxoplasmosis. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 79-91, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Toxoplasma Gondii Enhances Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Case-Control Study","authors":"N. Paul, Mosfiqur Rahman, Atiqur Rahman, T. Rahman","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57918","url":null,"abstract":"Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes the disease Toxoplasmosis. Acute infection of T. gondii in pregnant women is dangerous because the parasite can transmit into developing foetus and can cause congenital toxoplasmosis. To assess the prevalence of T. gondii infection, its association with pregnancy and the impact of this parasite on generating oxidative stress, ninety-two pregnant women and sixty-five age matched non-pregnant control subjects were enrolled in this study. Using an immunological assay with a rapid test cassette, T. gondii specific IgG antibody was detected in 25% pregnant women while it was found only 9.2% in non-pregnant healthy control subjects, suggesting that a higher percentage of pregnant women carried chronic T. gondii infection compared to control subjects. Anti-T. gondii IgM was also tested and found to be positive in only 3.3 % pregnant women as compared to control. Polymerase Chain Reaction analysis was carried out with the DNA isolated from blood of both anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG positive pregnant women and was found to be negative for T. gondii REP-529 gene, suggesting a chronic infection. Our data suggest that pregnant women who were in contact with cat in their third trimester of pregnancy demonstrated a significantly higher association with acquiring infection. Furthermore, to determine any association of T. gondii infection with oxidative stress in pregnant women, oxidative stress markers were assessed in plasma samples. The total oxidative stress was found to be higher in T. gondii positive subjects compared to T. gondii negative samples whereas total antioxidant defence was observed to be slightly decreased in T. gondii positive pregnant women. It can primarily be said that chronic T. gondii infection in pregnant women may increase oxidative stress and this, therefore, may act as a risk factor for congenital toxoplasmosis.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 79-91, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86284781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57928
Md. Inja-Mamun Haque, M. Hasan
While the first experiment evaluated the effect of media ingredient mustardoil cake wetted in cattle blood, rice gruel and subsurface clean water, the secondexperiment focused on the effects of two doses of media levels 75 and 100 mgcm-2 and two levels of inoculums 75 and 100 mg cm-2, on the yield of tubifexworms. Wet medium did not have significant effect on the yield of tubifexworms harvested after 70-day culture duration. Applying 75 mg cm-2 mustard oilcake as media ingredient resulted in the significantly higher (p < 0.05) yield thanthat of 100 mg cm-2. On the contrary, worms’ inoculum at the rate of 100 mg cm-2 gave significantly higher yield than did the 75 mg cm-2 inoculum. The results ofthis study have demonstrated that mustard oil can be used as the only culturemedia ingredient and the combination of 75 mg cm-2 media ingredient and 100mg cm-2 worm’s inoculum is the best combination at pilot scale level culture oftubifex. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 193-201, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Optimization of Culture Media Ingredient and Inoculum On the Yield of Tubifex Worms at Pilot Scale Level","authors":"Md. Inja-Mamun Haque, M. Hasan","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57928","url":null,"abstract":"While the first experiment evaluated the effect of media ingredient mustardoil cake wetted in cattle blood, rice gruel and subsurface clean water, the secondexperiment focused on the effects of two doses of media levels 75 and 100 mgcm-2 and two levels of inoculums 75 and 100 mg cm-2, on the yield of tubifexworms. Wet medium did not have significant effect on the yield of tubifexworms harvested after 70-day culture duration. Applying 75 mg cm-2 mustard oilcake as media ingredient resulted in the significantly higher (p < 0.05) yield thanthat of 100 mg cm-2. On the contrary, worms’ inoculum at the rate of 100 mg cm-2 gave significantly higher yield than did the 75 mg cm-2 inoculum. The results ofthis study have demonstrated that mustard oil can be used as the only culturemedia ingredient and the combination of 75 mg cm-2 media ingredient and 100mg cm-2 worm’s inoculum is the best combination at pilot scale level culture oftubifex.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 193-201, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84241521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research was carried out at Lal Teer Seed Ltd. Gazipur to determine the heterosis of yield and yield contributing traits of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir.). Six diverse pumpkin parents (viz. CM-1, BARI Mistikumra-1, CM-20 and CM-8) and their 30 F1 hybrids derived from 6X6 diallel including reciprocal were used as research materials. Thirteen genetic parameters [viz. days to first male flower opening, days to first female flower opening, number of flowers (male and female) per plant, fruit length and diameter (cm), fruit weight (kg), flesh thickness (cm), brix (%), number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, 100-seeds weight (g), yield per plant (kg)] were estimated. The results revealed significantly higher and positive heterosis and expected negative effects for different important characters of pumpkin. The two cross combinations namely; CM-1 × BARI Mistikumra-1 and CM-8 × CM-1 were identified as the promising hybrids which showed the significant higher heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis. These finding suggest that cross combinations of indigenous x exotic parents may be beneficial for fruit yield, particularly when used as commercial hybrids. The results showed that these two combinations gave the most promising hybrids (F1), so these two F1 lines were registered in National Seed Board (NSB) of Bangladesh as Hajee F1 and Danesh F1 hybrid varieties. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 117-136, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Heterosis Analysis in Pumpkin (Cucurbitamoschata Duch. Ex. Poir)","authors":"Gazi Md Mohsin, Md. Sajedur Rahman Rahman, Farruk Ahamed, -. Md Hasanuzzaman","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57921","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out at Lal Teer Seed Ltd. Gazipur to determine the heterosis of yield and yield contributing traits of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir.). Six diverse pumpkin parents (viz. CM-1, BARI Mistikumra-1, CM-20 and CM-8) and their 30 F1 hybrids derived from 6X6 diallel including reciprocal were used as research materials. Thirteen genetic parameters [viz. days to first male flower opening, days to first female flower opening, number of flowers (male and female) per plant, fruit length and diameter (cm), fruit weight (kg), flesh thickness (cm), brix (%), number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, 100-seeds weight (g), yield per plant (kg)] were estimated. The results revealed significantly higher and positive heterosis and expected negative effects for different important characters of pumpkin. The two cross combinations namely; CM-1 × BARI Mistikumra-1 and CM-8 × CM-1 were identified as the promising hybrids which showed the significant higher heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis. These finding suggest that cross combinations of indigenous x exotic parents may be beneficial for fruit yield, particularly when used as commercial hybrids. The results showed that these two combinations gave the most promising hybrids (F1), so these two F1 lines were registered in National Seed Board (NSB) of Bangladesh as Hajee F1 and Danesh F1 hybrid varieties.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 117-136, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79102328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57911
Nafisa Anzum, F. Khan, M. Z. Hossain, M. Islam, M. Saha
Pigments are one of the most significant secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify pigmentproducing bacteria from the Ratargul Swamp Forest (RSF) soil, which is the one and only fresh water swamp forest of Bangladesh. Soil samples were randomly collected from 10 different quadrates (10 m x 10 m) of RSF. The pH values of the soil samples were found to be strongly acidic and ranged between 4.71 and 5.48. Bacterial load of the samples ranged from 1.33×105 to 1.93×108 cfu/g, 6.05×106 to 9.07×107 cfu/g and from 1.16×107 to 1.61×108 cfu/g on nutrient agar (NA), peptone yeast-extract glucose (PYG) agar and Luria-Bertani (LB) agar media, respectively. Interestingly, both the highest and lowest bacterial counts were observed on NA, which was 1.93×108 cfu/g and 1.33×105 cfu/g, respectively. The isolates were found to produce various pigments like yellow, red, dark orange and sweet pink during their colony developments. A total of 71 bacterial isolates were obtained of which 11 were subjected to further study. All the selected bacteria were found to be rod shaped. Out of the 11 isolates, 9 were Gram-positive and 2 were Gramnegative. Provisionally identified potential pigment producing eight bacterial isolates were identified by using molecular marker. Seven of them were matched with their conventional identification up to generic level but conventionally identified Erwinia stewartii was found to be as Aeromonas sobria. Among the 11 isolates, 8 could produce three different types of pigments namely red, yellow and dark orange during in vitro pigment production. The isolated pigment producing bacteria could be used for better biotechnological application. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 1-8, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Pigment Producing Bacteria From the Ratargul Swamp Forest Soil","authors":"Nafisa Anzum, F. Khan, M. Z. Hossain, M. Islam, M. Saha","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57911","url":null,"abstract":"Pigments are one of the most significant secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify pigmentproducing bacteria from the Ratargul Swamp Forest (RSF) soil, which is the one and only fresh water swamp forest of Bangladesh. Soil samples were randomly collected from 10 different quadrates (10 m x 10 m) of RSF. The pH values of the soil samples were found to be strongly acidic and ranged between 4.71 and 5.48. Bacterial load of the samples ranged from 1.33×105 to 1.93×108 cfu/g, 6.05×106 to 9.07×107 cfu/g and from 1.16×107 to 1.61×108 cfu/g on nutrient agar (NA), peptone yeast-extract glucose (PYG) agar and Luria-Bertani (LB) agar media, respectively. Interestingly, both the highest and lowest bacterial counts were observed on NA, which was 1.93×108 cfu/g and 1.33×105 cfu/g, respectively. The isolates were found to produce various pigments like yellow, red, dark orange and sweet pink during their colony developments. A total of 71 bacterial isolates were obtained of which 11 were subjected to further study. All the selected bacteria were found to be rod shaped. Out of the 11 isolates, 9 were Gram-positive and 2 were Gramnegative. Provisionally identified potential pigment producing eight bacterial isolates were identified by using molecular marker. Seven of them were matched with their conventional identification up to generic level but conventionally identified Erwinia stewartii was found to be as Aeromonas sobria. Among the 11 isolates, 8 could produce three different types of pigments namely red, yellow and dark orange during in vitro pigment production. The isolated pigment producing bacteria could be used for better biotechnological application.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 1-8, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74935056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57925
A. G. Adam, N. Jahan, P. Rashid
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the changes inphotosynthetic pigment of BARI Gom-25 as affected by foliar spray of NAA andN-fertilizers. The experiment consisted of seven different concentrations of NAA(NAA0 = 0, NAA1 = 10, NAA2 = 20, NAA3 = 30, NAA4 = 40, NAA5 = 50 and NAA6 =60 ppm) and five N-levels (F0=0, F1=25, F2=50, F3=75 and F4=100% of therecommended dose) and their 35 combination treatments. Results revealed thatfoliar application of 40 ppm NAA (NAA4) produced higher chlorophyll a contentat all stages (tillering, flowering and grain filling) and were significantly higherthan control at tilling and flowering stages. Chlorophyll b and carotenoidcontents did not show any general trend to NAA at any stage except at tillingstage. Application of 50% of the recommended N-fertilizer (F2) producedsignificantly maximum photosynthetic pigment contents at tilling stage whereas,at flowering stage the same results were obtained from 100% of therecommended N-fertilizers (F4) but with few exceptions. At grain filling stage,photosynthetic pigment did not show any general trend to N-fertilizerapplication. Findings on combined effects indicated that 20 and 30 ppm NAA incombination with 50% N-fertilizer (NAA2F2 and NAA3F2) had producedsignificantly maximum chlorophyll a content at tilling stage. However, atflowering stage the highest chlorophyll a content was noted from NAA2F4treatment (20 ppm NAA in combination with 100% N-fertilizer). Findings alsorevealed that combined application of NAA and N-fertilizer had not resulted anygeneral trend on chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents in most of the caseswhere the maximum value in photosynthetic pigment was found depending onthe concentrations of NAA, fertilizer dose and plant growth stages. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 169-176, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Changes in Photosynthetic Pigment of Wheat(Triticum Aestivum L. Var. Bari Gom-25) As Affected By Naa and N-Fertilizer","authors":"A. G. Adam, N. Jahan, P. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i1.57925","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to investigate the changes inphotosynthetic pigment of BARI Gom-25 as affected by foliar spray of NAA andN-fertilizers. The experiment consisted of seven different concentrations of NAA(NAA0 = 0, NAA1 = 10, NAA2 = 20, NAA3 = 30, NAA4 = 40, NAA5 = 50 and NAA6 =60 ppm) and five N-levels (F0=0, F1=25, F2=50, F3=75 and F4=100% of therecommended dose) and their 35 combination treatments. Results revealed thatfoliar application of 40 ppm NAA (NAA4) produced higher chlorophyll a contentat all stages (tillering, flowering and grain filling) and were significantly higherthan control at tilling and flowering stages. Chlorophyll b and carotenoidcontents did not show any general trend to NAA at any stage except at tillingstage. Application of 50% of the recommended N-fertilizer (F2) producedsignificantly maximum photosynthetic pigment contents at tilling stage whereas,at flowering stage the same results were obtained from 100% of therecommended N-fertilizers (F4) but with few exceptions. At grain filling stage,photosynthetic pigment did not show any general trend to N-fertilizerapplication. Findings on combined effects indicated that 20 and 30 ppm NAA incombination with 50% N-fertilizer (NAA2F2 and NAA3F2) had producedsignificantly maximum chlorophyll a content at tilling stage. However, atflowering stage the highest chlorophyll a content was noted from NAA2F4treatment (20 ppm NAA in combination with 100% N-fertilizer). Findings alsorevealed that combined application of NAA and N-fertilizer had not resulted anygeneral trend on chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents in most of the caseswhere the maximum value in photosynthetic pigment was found depending onthe concentrations of NAA, fertilizer dose and plant growth stages.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 169-176, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"2007 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76747425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54641
A. Noman, S. Shamsi
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Pyricularia oryzae pathotype Triticum, causal agent of wheat blast, has emerged in Bangladesh as a serious threat for wheat production. Virulence analysis of plant pathogen can reveal the pathogenic nature of that pathogen. In the present study, twenty-four monoconidial isolates of P. oryzae from Chuadanga, Meherpur, Kustia and Jhenaidaha districts of Bangladesh were analyzed to observe their pathogenic potential. Based on the disease reactions, all the isolates were grouped into 3 pathotypes. Present investigation revealed that the isolates with high virulence were prevalent in the studied P. oryzae population. Again, Pathotype 1 that was identified as the most virulent can be used as reference for screening resistant wheat varieties. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 151-157, 2021 (July)
{"title":"Virulence analysis of Pyricularia oryzae isolates causing wheat blast in Bangladesh","authors":"A. Noman, S. Shamsi","doi":"10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54641","url":null,"abstract":"Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh \u0000Pyricularia oryzae pathotype Triticum, causal agent of wheat blast, has emerged in Bangladesh as a serious threat for wheat production. Virulence analysis of plant pathogen can reveal the pathogenic nature of that pathogen. In the present study, twenty-four monoconidial isolates of P. oryzae from Chuadanga, Meherpur, Kustia and Jhenaidaha districts of Bangladesh were analyzed to observe their pathogenic potential. Based on the disease reactions, all the isolates were grouped into 3 pathotypes. Present investigation revealed that the isolates with high virulence were prevalent in the studied P. oryzae population. Again, Pathotype 1 that was identified as the most virulent can be used as reference for screening resistant wheat varieties. \u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 151-157, 2021 (July)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78819902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54654
A. Islam, Z. Khan, A. Mazumder, A. Moslehuddin, M. Uddin, Y. Mori
The lower Atrai basin, the study area, lies in the Agroecological Zone-5 (AEZ-5) of Bangladesh. This study reveals the clay mineral composition of top soils of seven different soil series viz. Binsara, Taras, Jaonia, Hasnabad, Laskara, Manda and Mainam developed in the basin. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was employed to identify and quantify the minerals. Results show that mica (41 to 59%) was the most dominant mineral among all soils except Laskara. In Laskara soils, the interstratified mica-vermiculite-smectite (41%) was the predominant mineral. Next to mica, kaolinite (10 to 12%) was found to be present in the Binsara, Taras 1, Jaonia, and Taras 2 soils. Chlorite (7 to 17%) was identified in all the soils and was found to be the second dominant mineral in the Manda and Mainam soils. In contrast, the interstratified mica-vermiculitesmectite (33%) was found to be the second dominant mineral in the Hasnabad soils. Small amounts of vermiculite mineral (1 to 13%) were identified in almost all the soils except Binsara. All the soils have interstratified mica-chlorite minerals (2 to 7%). A tiny amount of smectite (1%) was identified in Taras 1 soil. As far as the clay mineralogical composition is concerned, most studied soils were found at the initial stage of weathering, indicating the high potential to sustain low input subsistence agriculture. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 293-306, 2021 (July)
{"title":"Clay mineralogy of soils from lower atrai basin of Bangladesh","authors":"A. Islam, Z. Khan, A. Mazumder, A. Moslehuddin, M. Uddin, Y. Mori","doi":"10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54654","url":null,"abstract":"The lower Atrai basin, the study area, lies in the Agroecological Zone-5 (AEZ-5) of Bangladesh. This study reveals the clay mineral composition of top soils of seven different soil series viz. Binsara, Taras, Jaonia, Hasnabad, Laskara, Manda and Mainam developed in the basin. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was employed to identify and quantify the minerals. Results show that mica (41 to 59%) was the most dominant mineral among all soils except Laskara. In Laskara soils, the interstratified mica-vermiculite-smectite (41%) was the predominant mineral. Next to mica, kaolinite (10 to 12%) was found to be present in the Binsara, Taras 1, Jaonia, and Taras 2 soils. Chlorite (7 to 17%) was identified in all the soils and was found to be the second dominant mineral in the Manda and Mainam soils. In contrast, the interstratified mica-vermiculitesmectite (33%) was found to be the second dominant mineral in the Hasnabad soils. Small amounts of vermiculite mineral (1 to 13%) were identified in almost all the soils except Binsara. All the soils have interstratified mica-chlorite minerals (2 to 7%). A tiny amount of smectite (1%) was identified in Taras 1 soil. As far as the clay mineralogical composition is concerned, most studied soils were found at the initial stage of weathering, indicating the high potential to sustain low input subsistence agriculture. \u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 293-306, 2021 (July)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88608938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54644
F. Ferdousi, S. Sultana, T. Akter, Pinakshi Roy, S. Begum
The flight activity and flight muscle of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) were observed. The Tethered technique was used to observe the flight activity in this study. The flight activity, and wing and flight muscles were compared between male and female melon flies. The results indicate that the female was relatively better and strong flier than the male. The mean duration of the flight activity of the females was 13.90 min/hour and of the males was 7.12 min./hour. The mean length, width, volume of wings of the males were 6.07 mm, 2.67 mm and 10.99 mm³, respectively. On the other hand, the mean length, width and volume of the wings of females were 7.07 mm, 2.87 mm and 15.60 mm³, respectively. In case of wing muscles, the mean volume of dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) in male and female was found 5.20 mm³ and 5.67 mm³, respectively. The mean length of flight wing muscle of male and female was 2.22 and 2.23 mm, respectively and the mean breadth of male and female was 1.65 and 1.77 mm, respectively. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 179-185, 2021 (July)
{"title":"Flight muscle and flight activity of melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae)","authors":"F. Ferdousi, S. Sultana, T. Akter, Pinakshi Roy, S. Begum","doi":"10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54644","url":null,"abstract":"The flight activity and flight muscle of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) were observed. The Tethered technique was used to observe the flight activity in this study. The flight activity, and wing and flight muscles were compared between male and female melon flies. The results indicate that the female was relatively better and strong flier than the male. The mean duration of the flight activity of the females was 13.90 min/hour and of the males was 7.12 min./hour. The mean length, width, volume of wings of the males were 6.07 mm, 2.67 mm and 10.99 mm³, respectively. On the other hand, the mean length, width and volume of the wings of females were 7.07 mm, 2.87 mm and 15.60 mm³, respectively. In case of wing muscles, the mean volume of dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) in male and female was found 5.20 mm³ and 5.67 mm³, respectively. The mean length of flight wing muscle of male and female was 2.22 and 2.23 mm, respectively and the mean breadth of male and female was 1.65 and 1.77 mm, respectively. \u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 179-185, 2021 (July)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77326920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54648
R. Sultana, A. Chamon, M. Mondol
The present study was carried out to assess the concentration of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in four stem vegetables such as Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), Garlic (Allium sativumL.) and Onion (Allium cepa L.) by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Average daily intake (ADI), hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were also estimated to assess the human health risks posed by heavy metals from the consumption of the studied vegetables. The studied stem vegetable samples were collected in four phases from Kawran Bazar fresh vegetable market of Dhaka city of Bangladesh. Mean concentrations of Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in the studied stem vegetables ranged between 0.88 to 2.35, 0.08 to 0.15, 0 to 2.25, 0 to 3.30, 5.70 to 9.85, 18.83 to 40.67, 50.60 to 456.38 and 9.23 to 852.35 mg/kg of dry weight, respectively. Mean concentration of maximum permissible limit (MPL) exceed in onion for Cr, in potato and onion for Pb and in ginger for Fe, Ni and Mn. Average daily intake was found to be lower than the maximum permitted tolerable daily intake in most cases except for Mn (26.475 mg/person/day) for consumption Ginger. Hazard quotient of Mn for dietary intake of Ginger (3.152) and hazard indices of Ginger (4.626), Garlic (1.183) and Onion (1.069) exceeded unity, signifying potential health risks from the dietary intake of these vegetables. This study suggests regular monitoring of heavy metals in vegetables to avoid the potential health hazards on human. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 221-232, 2021 (July)
{"title":"Heavy metal concentration in commonly sold stem vegetables in Dhaka city market and probable health risk","authors":"R. Sultana, A. Chamon, M. Mondol","doi":"10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54648","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to assess the concentration of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in four stem vegetables such as Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), Garlic (Allium sativumL.) and Onion (Allium cepa L.) by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Average daily intake (ADI), hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were also estimated to assess the human health risks posed by heavy metals from the consumption of the studied vegetables. The studied stem vegetable samples were collected in four phases from Kawran Bazar fresh vegetable market of Dhaka city of Bangladesh. Mean concentrations of Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in the studied stem vegetables ranged between 0.88 to 2.35, 0.08 to 0.15, 0 to 2.25, 0 to 3.30, 5.70 to 9.85, 18.83 to 40.67, 50.60 to 456.38 and 9.23 to 852.35 mg/kg of dry weight, respectively. Mean concentration of maximum permissible limit (MPL) exceed in onion for Cr, in potato and onion for Pb and in ginger for Fe, Ni and Mn. Average daily intake was found to be lower than the maximum permitted tolerable daily intake in most cases except for Mn (26.475 mg/person/day) for consumption Ginger. Hazard quotient of Mn for dietary intake of Ginger (3.152) and hazard indices of Ginger (4.626), Garlic (1.183) and Onion (1.069) exceeded unity, signifying potential health risks from the dietary intake of these vegetables. This study suggests regular monitoring of heavy metals in vegetables to avoid the potential health hazards on human. \u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 221-232, 2021 (July)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77563056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54657
Alam, M. Rahaman, R. Begum, Rm Shahjahan
The flagship animal species of Sundarbans, the Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is under threat of extinction. Its natural population is declining day by day. So, to avoid killing and harming the animal, the use of non-invasive samples such as scat, hair, or scent is preferred for DNA extraction and subsequent genotyping of tiger species. DNA has been extracted from scat samples of the Bengal tiger in the present study, and a fragment of the cytochrome b gene has been sequenced after PCR with species-specific primers. DNA has been extracted manually using a previously described methodology with slight modifications. The size of the PCR product and sequence of cytochrome b gene indicates that tiger DNA is successfully extracted from scat samples using tigerspecific primers. Thus, presence of tiger DNA can be detected by using this method just by the PCR product size in the gel. This is the first report of a partial sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of P. t. tigris from Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 325-330, 2021 (July)
{"title":"Non-invasive DNA extraction for molecular identification of royal Bengal tiger Panthera tigris tigris","authors":"Alam, M. Rahaman, R. Begum, Rm Shahjahan","doi":"10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DUJBS.V30I2.54657","url":null,"abstract":"The flagship animal species of Sundarbans, the Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is under threat of extinction. Its natural population is declining day by day. So, to avoid killing and harming the animal, the use of non-invasive samples such as scat, hair, or scent is preferred for DNA extraction and subsequent genotyping of tiger species. DNA has been extracted from scat samples of the Bengal tiger in the present study, and a fragment of the cytochrome b gene has been sequenced after PCR with species-specific primers. DNA has been extracted manually using a previously described methodology with slight modifications. The size of the PCR product and sequence of cytochrome b gene indicates that tiger DNA is successfully extracted from scat samples using tigerspecific primers. Thus, presence of tiger DNA can be detected by using this method just by the PCR product size in the gel. This is the first report of a partial sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of P. t. tigris from Bangladesh. \u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 325-330, 2021 (July)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90270410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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