Introduction: The Toolkit to Examine Lifelike Language (TELL) is a web-based application providing speech biomarkers of neurodegeneration. After deployment of TELL v.1.0 in over 20 sites, we now introduce TELL v.2.0.
Methods: First, we describe the app's usability features, including functions for collecting and processing data onsite, offline, and via videoconference. Second, we summarize its clinical survey, tapping on relevant habits (e.g., smoking, sleep) alongside linguistic predictors of performance (language history, use, proficiency, and difficulties). Third, we detail TELL's speech-based assessments, each combining strategic tasks and features capturing diagnostically relevant domains (motor function, semantic memory, episodic memory, and emotional processing). Fourth, we specify the app's new data analysis, visualization, and download options. Finally, we list core challenges and opportunities for development.
Results: Overall, through its technical and scientific breakthroughs, TELL v.2.0 offers scalable, objective, and multidimensional insights for the field.
Conclusion: This tool can enhance disease detection, phenotyping, and monitoring.
{"title":"Toolkit to Examine Lifelike Language (TELL) v.2.0: Optimizing speech biomarkers of neurodegeneration.","authors":"Adolfo M García, Franco J Ferrante, Gonzalo Pérez, Joaquín Ponferrada, Alejandro Sosa Welford, Nicolás Pelella, Matías Caccia, Laouen Mayal Louan Belloli, Cecilia Calcaterra, Catalina González Santibáñez, Raúl Echegoyen, Mariano Javier Cerrutti, Fernando Johann, Eugenia Hesse, Facundo Carrillo","doi":"10.1159/000541581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Toolkit to Examine Lifelike Language (TELL) is a web-based application providing speech biomarkers of neurodegeneration. After deployment of TELL v.1.0 in over 20 sites, we now introduce TELL v.2.0.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, we describe the app's usability features, including functions for collecting and processing data onsite, offline, and via videoconference. Second, we summarize its clinical survey, tapping on relevant habits (e.g., smoking, sleep) alongside linguistic predictors of performance (language history, use, proficiency, and difficulties). Third, we detail TELL's speech-based assessments, each combining strategic tasks and features capturing diagnostically relevant domains (motor function, semantic memory, episodic memory, and emotional processing). Fourth, we specify the app's new data analysis, visualization, and download options. Finally, we list core challenges and opportunities for development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, through its technical and scientific breakthroughs, TELL v.2.0 offers scalable, objective, and multidimensional insights for the field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This tool can enhance disease detection, phenotyping, and monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cornelia Henkel, Susan Seibert, Catherine Nichols Widmann
Introduction: Timely detection of cognitive impairment such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia is pivotal in initiating early interventions to improve patients' quality of life. Conventional paper-pencil tests, though common, have limited sensitivity in detecting subtle cognitive changes. Computerised assessments offer promising alternatives, overcoming time and manual scoring constraints while potentially providing greater sensitivity.
Methods: A literature search yielded 26 eligible articles (2020-2023). The articles were reviewed according to PRISMA guidelines and the computerised tools were categorised by diagnostic outcome (MCI, dementia, combined).
Results: The subjects included in the studies were aged 55 to 77 years. The overall gender distribution comprised 60% females and 40% males. The sample sizes varied considerably from 22 to 4486. Convergent validity assessments in 20 studies demonstrated strong positive correlations with traditional tests. Overall classification accuracy in detecting MCI or dementia, distinguishing from normal cognition (NC), reached up to 91%. Impressively, 46% of the studies received high-quality ratings, underscoring the reliability and validity of the findings.
Conclusion: The review highlights the advancements in computerised cognitive assessments for assessing MCI and dementia. This shift toward technology-based assessments could enhance detection capabilities and facilitate timely interventions for better patient outcomes.
{"title":"Current Advances in Computerised Cognitive Assessment for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults: A systematic Review.","authors":"Cornelia Henkel, Susan Seibert, Catherine Nichols Widmann","doi":"10.1159/000541627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Timely detection of cognitive impairment such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia is pivotal in initiating early interventions to improve patients' quality of life. Conventional paper-pencil tests, though common, have limited sensitivity in detecting subtle cognitive changes. Computerised assessments offer promising alternatives, overcoming time and manual scoring constraints while potentially providing greater sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search yielded 26 eligible articles (2020-2023). The articles were reviewed according to PRISMA guidelines and the computerised tools were categorised by diagnostic outcome (MCI, dementia, combined).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The subjects included in the studies were aged 55 to 77 years. The overall gender distribution comprised 60% females and 40% males. The sample sizes varied considerably from 22 to 4486. Convergent validity assessments in 20 studies demonstrated strong positive correlations with traditional tests. Overall classification accuracy in detecting MCI or dementia, distinguishing from normal cognition (NC), reached up to 91%. Impressively, 46% of the studies received high-quality ratings, underscoring the reliability and validity of the findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review highlights the advancements in computerised cognitive assessments for assessing MCI and dementia. This shift toward technology-based assessments could enhance detection capabilities and facilitate timely interventions for better patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guanghua Zhou, Suna Yin, Shubao Zhang, Fang Hao, Lin Ma
Introduction: Risperidone is one of the atypical antipsychotics that has been used for the treatment of dementia-related psychosis (DRP). However, the findings concerning its efficacy and safety in DRP are contradictory.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to address the effects of risperidone on the alleviation of DRP. We searched Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PsychINFO from the inception until May 2024. Appropriate statistical tests were used to test the study hypothesis.
Results: The study included 17 articles and 2311 patients with DRP. Risperidone alleviated DRP with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.355 (95%CI, 0.170 to 0.541, p=0.000). The impact of treatment was positively associated with treatment duration (slope p = 0.038) and dose (slope p= 0.000). Six studies (n=354) reported the data for the effects of risperidone on cognitive function. Analysis showed that risperidone treatment deteriorated cognitive function in DRP patients with an SMD of -0.185 (95%CI, -0.349 to -0.020, p=0.028). The mean effect size was 0.36 with a 95% CI of 0.17 to 0.54. However, the true effect size in 95% of all comparable populations fell in the interval of -0.37 to 1.08. This revealed a high heterogeneity among the included publications as the prediction interval showed a wider range of expected treatment effects than CI.
Conclusion: Our meta-analysis provides evidence for the effectiveness of risperidone in the management of DRP. However, because of safety concerns and high data heterogeneity, risperidone use should be individualized for each patient.
简介利培酮是一种非典型抗精神病药物,一直被用于治疗痴呆相关性精神病(DRP)。然而,有关利培酮对痴呆相关精神病的疗效和安全性的研究结果却相互矛盾:我们进行了一项系统性回顾和荟萃分析,以探讨利培酮对缓解痴呆相关精神病的效果。我们通过PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Google Scholar和PsychINFO检索了从开始到2024年5月的Medline。我们使用了适当的统计检验来验证研究假设:研究共收录了17篇文章和2311名DRP患者。利培酮缓解了DRP,标准化平均差(SMD)为0.355(95%CI,0.170至0.541,P=0.000)。治疗效果与治疗时间(斜率 p=0.038)和剂量(斜率 p=0.000)呈正相关。六项研究(n=354)报告了利培酮对认知功能影响的数据。分析显示,利培酮治疗会使DRP患者的认知功能恶化,SMD为-0.185(95%CI,-0.349至-0.020,P=0.028)。平均效应大小为 0.36,95% CI 为 0.17 至 0.54。然而,在所有可比人群中,95% 的真实效应大小介于 -0.37 至 1.08 之间。由于预测区间显示的预期治疗效果范围比CI更广,这表明所纳入的出版物之间存在很大的异质性:我们的荟萃分析为利培酮治疗DRP的有效性提供了证据。结论:我们的荟萃分析为利培酮治疗DRP的有效性提供了证据,但由于安全性问题和高度的数据异质性,利培酮的使用应根据每位患者的具体情况而定。
{"title":"Risperidone for the Treatment of Dementia-Related Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Guanghua Zhou, Suna Yin, Shubao Zhang, Fang Hao, Lin Ma","doi":"10.1159/000540689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000540689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Risperidone is one of the atypical antipsychotics that has been used for the treatment of dementia-related psychosis (DRP). However, the findings concerning its efficacy and safety in DRP are contradictory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to address the effects of risperidone on the alleviation of DRP. We searched Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PsychINFO from the inception until May 2024. Appropriate statistical tests were used to test the study hypothesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 17 articles and 2311 patients with DRP. Risperidone alleviated DRP with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.355 (95%CI, 0.170 to 0.541, p=0.000). The impact of treatment was positively associated with treatment duration (slope p = 0.038) and dose (slope p= 0.000). Six studies (n=354) reported the data for the effects of risperidone on cognitive function. Analysis showed that risperidone treatment deteriorated cognitive function in DRP patients with an SMD of -0.185 (95%CI, -0.349 to -0.020, p=0.028). The mean effect size was 0.36 with a 95% CI of 0.17 to 0.54. However, the true effect size in 95% of all comparable populations fell in the interval of -0.37 to 1.08. This revealed a high heterogeneity among the included publications as the prediction interval showed a wider range of expected treatment effects than CI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our meta-analysis provides evidence for the effectiveness of risperidone in the management of DRP. However, because of safety concerns and high data heterogeneity, risperidone use should be individualized for each patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Pilar Ochoa Lopez, Joshua M Garcia, Michael W Williams, Luis D Medina
Introduction: This study evaluated psychometric properties of the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ) in a non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Mexican American (MA) sample from Texas in the United States.
Methods: Data were obtained from the Health and Aging Brain Study - Health Disparities (HABS-HD; N=1691, age=66.5±8.7, education=12.4±4.8, 60.6% female, 33.2% MA Spanish-speaking). Unidimensionality of the SMCQ was evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis. Differential item functioning (DIF) of the SMCQ was assessed across age, sex, education, and ethnicity/language using item response theory (IRT) / logistic ordinal regression. Associations of the SMCQ in relation to cognitive status, Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood-based biomarkers, and psychological distress were examined.
Results: The SMCQ showed excellent fit in a single-factor model (CFI=0.97, TLI=0.97, RMSEA [95% CI] = 0.05 [0.04, 0.05], SRMR=0.07). Significant item-level DIF was detected by education level and ethnicity/language, but not by age or sex; when detected, DIF was not salient (i.e., adverse). The SMCQ was associated with greater psychological distress, worse Clinical Dementia Rating scores, and greater disease burden as measured by total tau and neurofilament light.
Conclusions: Practically negligible item-level bias was identified across education and ethnicity/language. Detected DIF can be described as benign, indicating that some items manifested differently between groups but had minimal impact on measurement properties. These results demonstrate that the SMCQ performs appropriately across demographic variables. Our findings also provide support for the associations of SMCQ scores with self-reported mood, cognitive status, and AD blood-based biomarkers.
{"title":"Differential Item Functioning and Clinical Utility of the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire in a Multi-Ethnic Cohort.","authors":"Andrea Pilar Ochoa Lopez, Joshua M Garcia, Michael W Williams, Luis D Medina","doi":"10.1159/000541236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study evaluated psychometric properties of the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ) in a non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Mexican American (MA) sample from Texas in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the Health and Aging Brain Study - Health Disparities (HABS-HD; N=1691, age=66.5±8.7, education=12.4±4.8, 60.6% female, 33.2% MA Spanish-speaking). Unidimensionality of the SMCQ was evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis. Differential item functioning (DIF) of the SMCQ was assessed across age, sex, education, and ethnicity/language using item response theory (IRT) / logistic ordinal regression. Associations of the SMCQ in relation to cognitive status, Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood-based biomarkers, and psychological distress were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SMCQ showed excellent fit in a single-factor model (CFI=0.97, TLI=0.97, RMSEA [95% CI] = 0.05 [0.04, 0.05], SRMR=0.07). Significant item-level DIF was detected by education level and ethnicity/language, but not by age or sex; when detected, DIF was not salient (i.e., adverse). The SMCQ was associated with greater psychological distress, worse Clinical Dementia Rating scores, and greater disease burden as measured by total tau and neurofilament light.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Practically negligible item-level bias was identified across education and ethnicity/language. Detected DIF can be described as benign, indicating that some items manifested differently between groups but had minimal impact on measurement properties. These results demonstrate that the SMCQ performs appropriately across demographic variables. Our findings also provide support for the associations of SMCQ scores with self-reported mood, cognitive status, and AD blood-based biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTIONFor over twenty-five years, cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have been the main symptomatic treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several meta-analyses have supported their efficacy in various neurocognitive, functional, and behavioral aspects of amnestic AD. Over 86% of cases of the language variant AD are caused by a similar pathologic process than AD, yet no study has examined the efficacy of ChEIs in this AD variant. We aimed to explore the efficacy of ChEIs in the treatment of language AD by comparing their evolution on the MMSE to that of treated amnestic AD patients.METHODSA retrospective chart review was performed in forty-five patients with language AD and fifty-two patients with amnestic AD. Both groups were similar regarding age, level of education, and onset of symptoms. Drug history, MMSE scores, functional and neuropsychiatric symptoms were collected on several time points before and after the introduction of ChEIs. Data was analysed using ANOVA and a generalized linear mixed model.RESULTSPatients with language AD showed a similar trajectory of decline than amnestic AD patients on serial MMSEs up to twenty-four months after the introduction of ChEIs. In language AD patients, ChEIs had a significant impact on activities of daily life (ADLs), but not instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and neuropsychiatric symptoms remained stable over time.CONCLUSIONThis study provides preliminary evidence for efficacy of ChEIs in patients with language AD and suggests similar benefits to those seen in amnestic AD patients, hence reassuring patients and their physicians.
简介二十五年来,胆碱酯酶抑制剂(ChEIs)一直是阿尔茨海默病(AD)的主要对症治疗药物。多项荟萃分析证实,胆碱酯酶抑制剂对失忆性阿尔茨海默病的神经认知、功能和行为等方面均有疗效。超过86%的语言变异型AD是由与AD相似的病理过程引起的,但还没有研究探讨ChEIs对这种AD变异型的疗效。我们的目的是通过比较语言型AD患者与失忆型AD患者在MMSE上的变化,探索ChEIs治疗语言型AD的疗效。两组患者的年龄、受教育程度和发病症状相似。在使用化学镇静剂前后的几个时间点收集了用药史、MMSE评分、功能和神经精神症状。采用方差分析和广义线性混合模型对数据进行了分析。结果在使用 ChEIs 24 个月后,语言障碍 AD 患者的连续 MMSEs 下降轨迹与失忆性 AD 患者相似。在语言型AD患者中,ChEIs对日常生活活动(ADLs)有显著影响,但对工具性日常生活活动(IADLs)没有影响,而且神经精神症状随着时间的推移保持稳定。结论这项研究为ChEIs在语言型AD患者中的疗效提供了初步证据,并表明ChEIs与在失忆型AD患者中的疗效相似,因此可以让患者及其医生放心。
{"title":"Efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia.","authors":"Julie Carrier-Auclair,Monica Lavoie,Maud Tastevin,Robert Laforce","doi":"10.1159/000540932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000540932","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONFor over twenty-five years, cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have been the main symptomatic treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several meta-analyses have supported their efficacy in various neurocognitive, functional, and behavioral aspects of amnestic AD. Over 86% of cases of the language variant AD are caused by a similar pathologic process than AD, yet no study has examined the efficacy of ChEIs in this AD variant. We aimed to explore the efficacy of ChEIs in the treatment of language AD by comparing their evolution on the MMSE to that of treated amnestic AD patients.METHODSA retrospective chart review was performed in forty-five patients with language AD and fifty-two patients with amnestic AD. Both groups were similar regarding age, level of education, and onset of symptoms. Drug history, MMSE scores, functional and neuropsychiatric symptoms were collected on several time points before and after the introduction of ChEIs. Data was analysed using ANOVA and a generalized linear mixed model.RESULTSPatients with language AD showed a similar trajectory of decline than amnestic AD patients on serial MMSEs up to twenty-four months after the introduction of ChEIs. In language AD patients, ChEIs had a significant impact on activities of daily life (ADLs), but not instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and neuropsychiatric symptoms remained stable over time.CONCLUSIONThis study provides preliminary evidence for efficacy of ChEIs in patients with language AD and suggests similar benefits to those seen in amnestic AD patients, hence reassuring patients and their physicians.","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142194182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The early detection of cognitive decline is key to maximizing the benefits of preventive and therapeutic interventions against dementia. Generally, dementia is first assessed by interview-based neuropsychological tests, but the lengthy interview and mental stress during the assessment process make screenings inefficient. We previously developed a rapid screening test for dementia using an eye-tracking technology (eye tracking-based cognitive assessment, ETCA) and reported its utility for clinically detecting cognitive impairment in dementia cases. However, the ETCA's performance in detecting people with mild cognitive decline, which is the major target population for dementia-prevention strategies, remains insufficiently examined. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the ETCA's performance in individuals aged 40 years and older (n = 94, mean age; 61.0 [SD 13.1] years) without being formally diagnosed with dementia.
Methods: All participants underwent both the ETCA and neuropsychological tests, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT), and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III) on the same day. We examined the correlations in scores between the ETCA and each neuropsychological test. Furthermore, we selected participants who earned normal scores in each neuropsychological test and evaluated the ETCA's performance in this subgroup.
Results: Participants' ETCA scores correlated significantly with their scores on neuropsychological tests, including the MMSE, RBMT, and ACE-III. Notably, the ETCA scores correlated with the RBMT or ACE-III scores in individuals who showed normal scores in each neuropsychological test.
Conclusion: The ETCA has the potential to screen mild cognitive decline efficiently at the predementia stage in nonclinical settings.
{"title":"Eye-tracking-based cognitive assessment efficiently detects mild cognitive decline in the predementia stage.","authors":"Mizuki Katsuhisa, Akane Oyama, Yuki Ito, Nanami Sugihara, Shin Teshirogi, Sho Yamamoto, Yuya Ikegawa, Tsuneo Nakajima, Yoshitaka Nakatani, Eriko Yamamoto, Hiromi Bando, Sayaka Tanaka, Mamoru Hashimoto, Kazuhiko Iwata, Shuko Takeda","doi":"10.1159/000541235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The early detection of cognitive decline is key to maximizing the benefits of preventive and therapeutic interventions against dementia. Generally, dementia is first assessed by interview-based neuropsychological tests, but the lengthy interview and mental stress during the assessment process make screenings inefficient. We previously developed a rapid screening test for dementia using an eye-tracking technology (eye tracking-based cognitive assessment, ETCA) and reported its utility for clinically detecting cognitive impairment in dementia cases. However, the ETCA's performance in detecting people with mild cognitive decline, which is the major target population for dementia-prevention strategies, remains insufficiently examined. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the ETCA's performance in individuals aged 40 years and older (n = 94, mean age; 61.0 [SD 13.1] years) without being formally diagnosed with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All participants underwent both the ETCA and neuropsychological tests, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT), and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III) on the same day. We examined the correlations in scores between the ETCA and each neuropsychological test. Furthermore, we selected participants who earned normal scores in each neuropsychological test and evaluated the ETCA's performance in this subgroup.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' ETCA scores correlated significantly with their scores on neuropsychological tests, including the MMSE, RBMT, and ACE-III. Notably, the ETCA scores correlated with the RBMT or ACE-III scores in individuals who showed normal scores in each neuropsychological test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ETCA has the potential to screen mild cognitive decline efficiently at the predementia stage in nonclinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophia Kraake, Alexander Pabst, Horst Bickel, Michael Pentzek, Angela Fuchs, Birgitt Wiese, Anke Oey, Hans-Helmut König, Christian Brettschneider, Martin Scherer, Tina Mallon, Dagmar Lühmann, Wolfgang Maier, Michael Wagner, Kathrin Heser, Siegfried Weyerer, Jochen Werle, Steffi G Riedel-Heller, Janine Stein
Introduction: The prevalence of MCI and dementia is increasing as the oldest-old population grows, requiring a nuanced understanding of their care needs. Few studies have examined need profiles of oldest-old patients with MCI or dementia. Therefore, this study aims to identify patients' need profiles.
Methods: The data analysis included cross-sectional baseline data from N = 716 primary care patients without cognitive impairment (n = 575), with MCI (n = 97), and with dementia (n = 44) aged 85+ years from the multicenter cohort AgeQualiDe study "Needs, Health Service Use, Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Sample of Oldest-Old Primary Care Patients [85+]". Patients' needs were assessed using the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE), and latent class analysis identified need profiles. Multinomial logistic regression analyzed the association of MCI and dementia with need profiles, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, social network (Lubben Social Network Scale, LSNS-6), and frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale, CSHA-CFS).
Results: Results indicated three profiles: 'no needs', 'met physical and environmental needs', and 'unmet physical and environmental needs'. MCI was associated with the met and unmet physical and environmental needs profiles; dementia was associated with the unmet physical and environmental needs profile. Patients without MCI or dementia had larger social networks (LSNS-6). Frailty was associated with dementia.
Conclusions: Integrated care should address the needs of the oldest-old and support social networks for people with MCI or dementia. Assessing frailty can help clinicians to identify the most vulnerable patients and develop beneficial interventions for cognitive disorders.
{"title":"Profiles of met and unmet care needs in the oldest-old primary care patients with cognitive disorders and dementia - results of the AgeCoDe and AgeQualiDe study.","authors":"Sophia Kraake, Alexander Pabst, Horst Bickel, Michael Pentzek, Angela Fuchs, Birgitt Wiese, Anke Oey, Hans-Helmut König, Christian Brettschneider, Martin Scherer, Tina Mallon, Dagmar Lühmann, Wolfgang Maier, Michael Wagner, Kathrin Heser, Siegfried Weyerer, Jochen Werle, Steffi G Riedel-Heller, Janine Stein","doi":"10.1159/000541118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of MCI and dementia is increasing as the oldest-old population grows, requiring a nuanced understanding of their care needs. Few studies have examined need profiles of oldest-old patients with MCI or dementia. Therefore, this study aims to identify patients' need profiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data analysis included cross-sectional baseline data from N = 716 primary care patients without cognitive impairment (n = 575), with MCI (n = 97), and with dementia (n = 44) aged 85+ years from the multicenter cohort AgeQualiDe study \"Needs, Health Service Use, Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Sample of Oldest-Old Primary Care Patients [85+]\". Patients' needs were assessed using the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE), and latent class analysis identified need profiles. Multinomial logistic regression analyzed the association of MCI and dementia with need profiles, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, social network (Lubben Social Network Scale, LSNS-6), and frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale, CSHA-CFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated three profiles: 'no needs', 'met physical and environmental needs', and 'unmet physical and environmental needs'. MCI was associated with the met and unmet physical and environmental needs profiles; dementia was associated with the unmet physical and environmental needs profile. Patients without MCI or dementia had larger social networks (LSNS-6). Frailty was associated with dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrated care should address the needs of the oldest-old and support social networks for people with MCI or dementia. Assessing frailty can help clinicians to identify the most vulnerable patients and develop beneficial interventions for cognitive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Dementia is caused by various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We often encounter patients with dementia who have limited shoulder joint range of motion (ROM), especially those with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). But the relationship between the diseases of dementia and restricted shoulder joint ROM is currently unclear.
Methods: We examined cognitive function and shoulder joint ROM in 234 new outpatients at 7 memory clinics in Japan. We assessed cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) and BPSD using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Patients were categorized by dementia diagnosis (ADD, DLB, other dementia, and control). Right, left, and total shoulder joint ROM was assessed using validated the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score.
Results: We found significant associations of lower right, left, and total shoulder joint ROM scores with male sex, advanced age, higher NPI-Q score, lower HDS-R, and MMSE scores. Little difference was found between right and left shoulder joint ROM scores. Restricted shoulder joint ROM was related to serial 7, verbal frequency domain scores on the HDS-R and repeat score on the MMSE. It was also related to the hallucinations, irritability/lability and nighttime disturbances scores on the NPI-Q. Furthermore, the dementia groups, especially the DLB group, showed worse shoulder joint ROM than the control group.
Conclusions: Dementia was significantly related to restricted shoulder joint ROM. Maintaining communication and social interaction may help maintain shoulder joint ROM.
{"title":"Shoulder Joint Range of Motion Related to Dementia.","authors":"Yasuyuki Honjo, Kuniaki Nagai, Takuma Yuri, Hideaki Nakai, Ippei Kawasaki, Shun Harada, Ippei Suganuma, Noriyuki Ogawa","doi":"10.1159/000541158","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dementia is caused by various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We often encounter patients with dementia who have limited shoulder joint range of motion (ROM), especially those with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). But the relationship between the diseases of dementia and restricted shoulder joint ROM is currently unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined cognitive function and shoulder joint ROM in 234 new outpatients at 7 memory clinics in Japan. We assessed cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) and BPSD using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Patients were categorized by dementia diagnosis (ADD, DLB, other dementia, and control). Right, left, and total shoulder joint ROM was assessed using validated the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found significant associations of lower right, left, and total shoulder joint ROM scores with male sex, advanced age, higher NPI-Q score, lower HDS-R, and MMSE scores. Little difference was found between right and left shoulder joint ROM scores. Restricted shoulder joint ROM was related to serial 7, verbal frequency domain scores on the HDS-R and repeat score on the MMSE. It was also related to the hallucinations, irritability/lability and nighttime disturbances scores on the NPI-Q. Furthermore, the dementia groups, especially the DLB group, showed worse shoulder joint ROM than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dementia was significantly related to restricted shoulder joint ROM. Maintaining communication and social interaction may help maintain shoulder joint ROM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142092521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Exercise has been recommended to suppress or prevent cognitive decline. Aerobic exercise (AE) may suppress cognitive decline via the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, and resistance training (RT) has a preventive effect on cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study verified the differences in the effects of AE and RT in suppressing and preventing cognitive decline based on the FNDC5/irisin/BDNF pathway.
Methods: We divided senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 into three groups: control (CON), AE, and RT and evaluated their memory during exercise intervention through a novel object recognition (NOR) task. We quantified FNDC5/irisin, mBDNF, and TrkB in the hippocampus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and FNDC5 in skeletal muscle using Western blotting (WB).
Results: Behavioral analysis using NOR showed that values for both AE and RT were significantly greater than those for CON. WB analysis showed that the peripheral FNDC5 expression in the skeletal muscle was increased in AE. The expression levels of FNDC5/irisin and mBDNF in the hippocampus were significantly increased in both AE and RT compared with that in CON but that if TrkB was increased only in AE.
Conclusion: No significant difference was observed between AE and RT in the inhibitory effect on age-related cognitive decline, and both groups were effective. The FNDC5/Irisin/BDNF pathway, which was the focus of this experiment, may be specific to AE. The mechanism that suppresses cognitive decline may differ depending on the type of exercise.
{"title":"Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Resistance Training on Cognitive Function: Comparative Study Based on FNDC5/Irisin/BDNF Pathway.","authors":"Sho Izawa, Kazuhiro Nishii, Naoki Aizu, Takumi Kito, Daiki Iwata, Takeshi Chihara, Hirohide Sawada, Runhong Yao, Kouji Yamada","doi":"10.1159/000541093","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exercise has been recommended to suppress or prevent cognitive decline. Aerobic exercise (AE) may suppress cognitive decline via the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, and resistance training (RT) has a preventive effect on cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study verified the differences in the effects of AE and RT in suppressing and preventing cognitive decline based on the FNDC5/irisin/BDNF pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We divided senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 into three groups: control (CON), AE, and RT and evaluated their memory during exercise intervention through a novel object recognition (NOR) task. We quantified FNDC5/irisin, mBDNF, and TrkB in the hippocampus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and FNDC5 in skeletal muscle using Western blotting (WB).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Behavioral analysis using NOR showed that values for both AE and RT were significantly greater than those for CON. WB analysis showed that the peripheral FNDC5 expression in the skeletal muscle was increased in AE. The expression levels of FNDC5/irisin and mBDNF in the hippocampus were significantly increased in both AE and RT compared with that in CON but that if TrkB was increased only in AE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant difference was observed between AE and RT in the inhibitory effect on age-related cognitive decline, and both groups were effective. The FNDC5/Irisin/BDNF pathway, which was the focus of this experiment, may be specific to AE. The mechanism that suppresses cognitive decline may differ depending on the type of exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaylee D Rudd, Katherine Lawler, Michele L Callisaya, Aidan D Bindoff, Sigourney Chiranakorn-Costa, Renjie Li, James S McDonald, Katharine Salmon, Alastair J Noyce, James C Vickers, Jane Alty
Introduction: Motor dysfunction is an important feature of early-stage dementia. Gait provides a non-invasive biomarker across the dementia continuum. Gait speed and rhythm aid risk stratification of incident dementia in subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and are associated with cognitive domains in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, hand movement analysis, which may be more accessible, has never been undertaken in SCI and rarely in MCI or dementia. We aimed to address this gap and improve understanding of hand motor-cognitive associations across the dementia continuum.
Methods: A total of 208 participants were recruited: 50 with dementia, 58 MCI, 40 SCI, and 60 healthy controls. Consensus diagnoses were made after comprehensive gold-standard assessments. A computer key-tapping test measured frequency, dwell-time, rhythm, errors, and speed. Associations between key-tapping and cognitive domains and diagnoses were analysed using regression. Classification accuracy was measured using area under receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results: Hand frequency and speed were associated with memory and executive domains (p ≤ 0.001). Non-dominant hand rhythm was associated with all cognitive domains. Frequency, rhythm, and speed were associated with SCI, MCI, and dementia. Frequency and speed classified ≥94% of dementia and ≥88% of MCI from controls. Rhythm of the non-dominant hand classified ≥86% of dementia and MCI and 69% of SCI.
Conclusion: Our findings show hand motor dysfunction occurs across the dementia continuum and, similar to gait, is associated with executive and memory domains and with cognitive diagnoses. Key-tapping performance differentiated dementia and MCI from healthy controls. More research is required before recommending key-tapping as a non-invasive motor biomarker of cognitive impairment.
{"title":"Hand Motor Dysfunction Is Associated with Both Subjective and Objective Cognitive Impairment across the Dementia Continuum.","authors":"Kaylee D Rudd, Katherine Lawler, Michele L Callisaya, Aidan D Bindoff, Sigourney Chiranakorn-Costa, Renjie Li, James S McDonald, Katharine Salmon, Alastair J Noyce, James C Vickers, Jane Alty","doi":"10.1159/000540412","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Motor dysfunction is an important feature of early-stage dementia. Gait provides a non-invasive biomarker across the dementia continuum. Gait speed and rhythm aid risk stratification of incident dementia in subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and are associated with cognitive domains in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, hand movement analysis, which may be more accessible, has never been undertaken in SCI and rarely in MCI or dementia. We aimed to address this gap and improve understanding of hand motor-cognitive associations across the dementia continuum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 208 participants were recruited: 50 with dementia, 58 MCI, 40 SCI, and 60 healthy controls. Consensus diagnoses were made after comprehensive gold-standard assessments. A computer key-tapping test measured frequency, dwell-time, rhythm, errors, and speed. Associations between key-tapping and cognitive domains and diagnoses were analysed using regression. Classification accuracy was measured using area under receiver operating characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hand frequency and speed were associated with memory and executive domains (p ≤ 0.001). Non-dominant hand rhythm was associated with all cognitive domains. Frequency, rhythm, and speed were associated with SCI, MCI, and dementia. Frequency and speed classified ≥94% of dementia and ≥88% of MCI from controls. Rhythm of the non-dominant hand classified ≥86% of dementia and MCI and 69% of SCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show hand motor dysfunction occurs across the dementia continuum and, similar to gait, is associated with executive and memory domains and with cognitive diagnoses. Key-tapping performance differentiated dementia and MCI from healthy controls. More research is required before recommending key-tapping as a non-invasive motor biomarker of cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}