Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-01
О. D. Lavryk, R. Vlasenko, Т. V. Andriychuk, V. Kostyuk
Purpose. To improve the existing classification of residential landscapes and its basis for analyzing the structure of modern urban landscape and technical systems in the river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine. Methods. This study is based on the study of anthropogenic landscapes, concepts of geotechnical systems, as well as on the materials of their own field observations, which were carried out during 2008-2021 in the river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine. The main research methods used were: landscape photography, mapping, synthesis, comparison and generalization. Results. Based on previous experience and own field observations, the existing classification of residential landscapes has been improved. It is determined that urban landscape and technical systems, which are concentrated in valley-river landscapes, have a number of specific features: the size of urban landscape and technical systems is directly proportional to the parameters of the river valley within which they were formed; radical restructuring of all geocomponents and natural types of areas; formation of a recreational center in the bottom of the river valley after the formation of the city landscape and technical system; dominance of covered areas; constant introduction of new engineering and technical structures into the structure of the city landscape and technical system; vertical differentiation of the urban landscape and technical system and «suppression» of the manifestation of the zonal factor in the urban landscape and technical system. A number of engineering and technical supertypes of urban landscape and technical systems (low-rise, multi-storey, industrial and residential, garden and park, water management, recreational) have been identified. The main criteria for their selection were the degree of «closed» soils with man-made cover, projective vegetation (landscaping) and multi-storey buildings. The peculiarities of the structure of each engineering supertype of urban landscape technical systems are characterized. Conclusions. The formation of large-scale urban landscape and technical systems in the river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine hinders natural migration and distribution of biological species, which does not allow the ecological network to fully perform its functions. In further urban planning and urban planning, residential areas that are at the lowest hypsometric level in the river valley should be «unloaded» from redundant engineering structures. In particular, this applies to channel, floodplain, pond-floodplain and floodplain-reservoir types of areas. Increasing the area of restored valley and river landscapes will allow to implement the Emerald Network project faster and thus contribute to the protection of nature at European level.
{"title":"Urban landscape and technical systems in the river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine","authors":"О. D. Lavryk, R. Vlasenko, Т. V. Andriychuk, V. Kostyuk","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-01","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To improve the existing classification of residential landscapes and its basis for analyzing the structure of modern urban landscape and technical systems in the river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Methods. This study is based on the study of anthropogenic landscapes, concepts of geotechnical systems, as well as on the materials of their own field observations, which were carried out during 2008-2021 in the river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine. The main research methods used were: landscape photography, mapping, synthesis, comparison and generalization.\u0000\u0000Results. Based on previous experience and own field observations, the existing classification of residential landscapes has been improved. It is determined that urban landscape and technical systems, which are concentrated in valley-river landscapes, have a number of specific features: the size of urban landscape and technical systems is directly proportional to the parameters of the river valley within which they were formed; radical restructuring of all geocomponents and natural types of areas; formation of a recreational center in the bottom of the river valley after the formation of the city landscape and technical system; dominance of covered areas; constant introduction of new engineering and technical structures into the structure of the city landscape and technical system; vertical differentiation of the urban landscape and technical system and «suppression» of the manifestation of the zonal factor in the urban landscape and technical system. A number of engineering and technical supertypes of urban landscape and technical systems (low-rise, multi-storey, industrial and residential, garden and park, water management, recreational) have been identified. The main criteria for their selection were the degree of «closed» soils with man-made cover, projective vegetation (landscaping) and multi-storey buildings. The peculiarities of the structure of each engineering supertype of urban landscape technical systems are characterized.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The formation of large-scale urban landscape and technical systems in the river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine hinders natural migration and distribution of biological species, which does not allow the ecological network to fully perform its functions. In further urban planning and urban planning, residential areas that are at the lowest hypsometric level in the river valley should be «unloaded» from redundant engineering structures. In particular, this applies to channel, floodplain, pond-floodplain and floodplain-reservoir types of areas. Increasing the area of restored valley and river landscapes will allow to implement the Emerald Network project faster and thus contribute to the protection of nature at European level.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79343485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-05
O. Bespalova, S. I. Bespalov, Y. O. Prydanov
Purpose. The analysis of the role of local governments in the administrative and legal regulation of environmental safety. Methods. The interaction among administrative-legal and economic tools of environmental safety regulation in the analysis of collection, receipts and use of funds from the payment of environmental tax by the cost method is studied. Results. The comparative analysis of the main provisions of the Strategies of the state environemtnal policy till 2020 and till 2030 is carried out. It was found that until 2020, the responsibility for the availability and accuracy of environmental information was on the executive, not local governments. It is noted that by 2020 the indicator of effectiveness of the Strategy was the number of adopted local action plans for environmental protection, a strategic environmental assessment is among the qualitative indicators, however, the relevant law was adopted 7 years after the Strategy, and the first assessments were conducted only in 2019. It was found that the Strategy until 2030 needs to be adjusted either in terms of recalculating the planned targets for achieving the Environmental Performance Index (ERI) (achieving a score below 83 points) or recalculating the entire Strategy in order to intensify it and overcome "weaknesses". are highlighted when using the new ERI assessment methodology. Conclusions. It was found that the transfer of most of the revenue from the environmental tax to the general fund of the state budget created risks of their misuse, which does not allow local governments to fully implement environmental measures in accordance with the needs of cities and regions. Among the main proposals to improve this situation are to increase the size of the environmental tax, change the distribution of revenues from the environmental tax by increasing revenues to local budgets, developing a mechanism for economic incentives for enterprises that implement measures to maintain environmental safety.
{"title":"The role of local self-government bodies in administrative and legal regulation of environmental safety","authors":"O. Bespalova, S. I. Bespalov, Y. O. Prydanov","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The analysis of the role of local governments in the administrative and legal regulation of environmental safety.\u0000\u0000Methods. The interaction among administrative-legal and economic tools of environmental safety regulation in the analysis of collection, receipts and use of funds from the payment of environmental tax by the cost method is studied.\u0000\u0000Results. The comparative analysis of the main provisions of the Strategies of the state environemtnal policy till 2020 and till 2030 is carried out. It was found that until 2020, the responsibility for the availability and accuracy of environmental information was on the executive, not local governments. It is noted that by 2020 the indicator of effectiveness of the Strategy was the number of adopted local action plans for environmental protection, a strategic environmental assessment is among the qualitative indicators, however, the relevant law was adopted 7 years after the Strategy, and the first assessments were conducted only in 2019. It was found that the Strategy until 2030 needs to be adjusted either in terms of recalculating the planned targets for achieving the Environmental Performance Index (ERI) (achieving a score below 83 points) or recalculating the entire Strategy in order to intensify it and overcome \"weaknesses\". are highlighted when using the new ERI assessment methodology.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. It was found that the transfer of most of the revenue from the environmental tax to the general fund of the state budget created risks of their misuse, which does not allow local governments to fully implement environmental measures in accordance with the needs of cities and regions. Among the main proposals to improve this situation are to increase the size of the environmental tax, change the distribution of revenues from the environmental tax by increasing revenues to local budgets, developing a mechanism for economic incentives for enterprises that implement measures to maintain environmental safety.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91511308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-09
Purpose. To identify the gaps and weak points of the Education-and-professional programme for the Specialty 101 Ecology based on students' self-assessment of the formation of competencies to improve the training of bachelor's degree specialists. Methods. The study is based on a statistically reliable survey among students. Analytical-synthetic method, graphic and logical generalization methods are used. Results. The study compared the level of competencies in students after the third and the forth years of study. The categories "excellent", "good", "satisfactory" and "not mastered" were used for evaluation. It is established that the general competencies of graduates, in contrast to the third-year students are considered to be "good" and "excellent", which was influenced by industrial practice. There are three groups of professional competencies by level of change and general formation. The first group is a block of theoretical competencies that are formed during first three years of study and the level of knowledge in both groups of respondents is almost the same. The second group-competencies are rated by graduated lower than by the third-year students. The reason is the internship, during which students realized the low level of preparation for the practical work. The third one is the competencies that raised self-esteem after the internship. Ways to solve each problem situation are suggested. Conclusions. The formation of general competencies in students of both years fo study is good, except for competencies related to learning a foreign language, which can be changed by increasing motivation to learn languages. Different formation of professional competencies encourages changes in the Education-and-professional programme and the addition of work programs with topics that focus on future professional work, as well as stimulating extracurricular activities.
{"title":"Assessment of general and professional competences formation level by bachelors studying of specialty 101 Ecology","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-09","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To identify the gaps and weak points of the Education-and-professional programme for the Specialty 101 Ecology based on students' self-assessment of the formation of competencies to improve the training of bachelor's degree specialists.\u0000\u0000Methods. The study is based on a statistically reliable survey among students. Analytical-synthetic method, graphic and logical generalization methods are used.\u0000\u0000Results. The study compared the level of competencies in students after the third and the forth years of study. The categories \"excellent\", \"good\", \"satisfactory\" and \"not mastered\" were used for evaluation. It is established that the general competencies of graduates, in contrast to the third-year students are considered to be \"good\" and \"excellent\", which was influenced by industrial practice. There are three groups of professional competencies by level of change and general formation. The first group is a block of theoretical competencies that are formed during first three years of study and the level of knowledge in both groups of respondents is almost the same. The second group-competencies are rated by graduated lower than by the third-year students. The reason is the internship, during which students realized the low level of preparation for the practical work. The third one is the competencies that raised self-esteem after the internship. Ways to solve each problem situation are suggested.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The formation of general competencies in students of both years fo study is good, except for competencies related to learning a foreign language, which can be changed by increasing motivation to learn languages. Different formation of professional competencies encourages changes in the Education-and-professional programme and the addition of work programs with topics that focus on future professional work, as well as stimulating extracurricular activities.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79818494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-04
L. Chernogor, A. Nekos, G. V. Titenko, L. L. Chornohor
Topicality. There is an urgent need to select the main energy, geometric and thermophysical parameters of forest fires, as well as to assess the main parameters of these fires, including unexplored fire tornadoes and wave processes caused by fires. Purpose. To develop mathematical models of physical processes caused by large-scale forest fires, evaluate the main parameters of these fires, including unexplored fire tornadoes and wave processes caused by fires. Methods. Analytical review of the research problem, theoretical and computational, mathematical modeling, systematic analysis of the set of physical effects. Results. The results of the analysis of the parameters of forest fires and related physical processes caused by large-scale fires are presented. The main energy, geometric and thermophysical parameters of large-scale forest fires are proposed. These include: energy, power, duration, area of fires, as well as the length, intensity and speed of the combustion front, heat flux density, power flux density, torch height, heat and smoke rise height, convection speed, etc. Simple analytical physical and mathematical models of the main parameters of large-scale forest fires have been created. A model of a fiery tornado is proposed. The obtained ratios allow us to estimate the main parameters of fire tornadoes that accompany large-scale forest fires. These include radius, angular velocity, tangential velocity, maximum height and rate of rise of the heated formation. It is shown that, depending on the size of the vortex, the parameters of the fiery tornado vary widely. These relationships make it possible to analyze and evaluate the main parameters of wave processes generated by forest fires. Such parameters are energy, relative share of energy, range of periods of acoustic radiation, etc. The main parameters of forest fires and related physical processes are calculated. It is shown that depending on the area of the fire, these parameters vary widely. Conclusions. Mathematical models of physical processes caused by large-scale forest fires have been developed, by means of which the parameters of the main effects have been calculated.
{"title":"Simulation of large-scale forest fire parameters","authors":"L. Chernogor, A. Nekos, G. V. Titenko, L. L. Chornohor","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-04","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. There is an urgent need to select the main energy, geometric and thermophysical parameters of forest fires, as well as to assess the main parameters of these fires, including unexplored fire tornadoes and wave processes caused by fires.\u0000\u0000Purpose. To develop mathematical models of physical processes caused by large-scale forest fires, evaluate the main parameters of these fires, including unexplored fire tornadoes and wave processes caused by fires.\u0000\u0000Methods. Analytical review of the research problem, theoretical and computational, mathematical modeling, systematic analysis of the set of physical effects.\u0000\u0000Results. The results of the analysis of the parameters of forest fires and related physical processes caused by large-scale fires are presented. The main energy, geometric and thermophysical parameters of large-scale forest fires are proposed. These include: energy, power, duration, area of fires, as well as the length, intensity and speed of the combustion front, heat flux density, power flux density, torch height, heat and smoke rise height, convection speed, etc. Simple analytical physical and mathematical models of the main parameters of large-scale forest fires have been created. A model of a fiery tornado is proposed. The obtained ratios allow us to estimate the main parameters of fire tornadoes that accompany large-scale forest fires. These include radius, angular velocity, tangential velocity, maximum height and rate of rise of the heated formation. It is shown that, depending on the size of the vortex, the parameters of the fiery tornado vary widely. These relationships make it possible to analyze and evaluate the main parameters of wave processes generated by forest fires. Such parameters are energy, relative share of energy, range of periods of acoustic radiation, etc. The main parameters of forest fires and related physical processes are calculated. It is shown that depending on the area of the fire, these parameters vary widely.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. Mathematical models of physical processes caused by large-scale forest fires have been developed, by means of which the parameters of the main effects have been calculated.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83232345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-08
O. Krainiukov, I. Kryvytska, A. M. Krainiukova, M. Lineman
Purpose. Analysis of domestic and foreign experience in solving the problem of chemical pollution of surface waters and improving the existing "Methodology for calculating the amount of compensation for damages caused to the state as a result of violations of legislation on protection and rational use of water resources." Methods. Information analysis, theoretical and calculation, systems analysis. Results. In European countries, the assessment of the economic consequences of chemical pollution of surface waters is based on the provisions of Directive 2004/35 / EC "On environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage". The implementation of this Directive is carried out by creating a system of environmental liability based on the "polluter pays" principle not only for non-compliance with the limit of discharge of pollutants into water bodies, but also for violation of the properties and nature of aquatic ecosystems and their restoration. It is established that the consequences of not all forms of environmental damage can be eliminated by using the mechanism of environmental responsibility. For this mechanism to be effective, one or more sources of pollution must be identified, the damage must be specific and calculable, and a causal link must be found between the damage and one or more identified sources of pollution. In addition, liability is not an appropriate tool for large-scale, diffuse pollution, when it is impossible to establish a link between negative environmental impacts and the actions or inaction of certain individuals. Based on the analysis of national regulations and methodological approaches to assessing the economic consequences of chemical pollution of surface waters in European and other foreign countries, an algorithm is proposed to take into account the levels of acute lethal toxicity of return waters. Conclusions.. The algorithm for assessing the environmental impact of chemical pollution of surface waters must take into account the provisions of Article 16 of WFD 2000/60 / EC "Strategies against water pollution", in particular in paragraph 1.2.6 of Annex V "Surface water status" emphasizes " obtain data on the acute and chronic effects of chemical pollution of surface waters on the representatives of the "basic set of taxa" - algae, crustaceans and fish.
{"title":"The problem of assessing the economic consequences from chemical pollution of surface water","authors":"O. Krainiukov, I. Kryvytska, A. M. Krainiukova, M. Lineman","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-08","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Analysis of domestic and foreign experience in solving the problem of chemical pollution of surface waters and improving the existing \"Methodology for calculating the amount of compensation for damages caused to the state as a result of violations of legislation on protection and rational use of water resources.\"\u0000\u0000Methods. Information analysis, theoretical and calculation, systems analysis.\u0000\u0000Results. In European countries, the assessment of the economic consequences of chemical pollution of surface waters is based on the provisions of Directive 2004/35 / EC \"On environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage\". The implementation of this Directive is carried out by creating a system of environmental liability based on the \"polluter pays\" principle not only for non-compliance with the limit of discharge of pollutants into water bodies, but also for violation of the properties and nature of aquatic ecosystems and their restoration. It is established that the consequences of not all forms of environmental damage can be eliminated by using the mechanism of environmental responsibility. For this mechanism to be effective, one or more sources of pollution must be identified, the damage must be specific and calculable, and a causal link must be found between the damage and one or more identified sources of pollution. In addition, liability is not an appropriate tool for large-scale, diffuse pollution, when it is impossible to establish a link between negative environmental impacts and the actions or inaction of certain individuals. Based on the analysis of national regulations and methodological approaches to assessing the economic consequences of chemical pollution of surface waters in European and other foreign countries, an algorithm is proposed to take into account the levels of acute lethal toxicity of return waters.\u0000\u0000Conclusions.. The algorithm for assessing the environmental impact of chemical pollution of surface waters must take into account the provisions of Article 16 of WFD 2000/60 / EC \"Strategies against water pollution\", in particular in paragraph 1.2.6 of Annex V \"Surface water status\" emphasizes \" obtain data on the acute and chronic effects of chemical pollution of surface waters on the representatives of the \"basic set of taxa\" - algae, crustaceans and fish.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84482075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-03
A. Hrechko
Purpose. To analyze the international experience of using green roofs an element of green infrastructure as, to outline the main advantages of using this element, to analyze the ways of implementation in Ukraine and to identify difficulties in this process. Results. Modern processes of urbanization lead to a reduction in the number of green spaces, climate change, an increase in the city's heat island, the impoverishment of biodiversity and more. The use of green infrastructure strategy provides a foundation for further sustainable urban development. Green infrastructure plays a key role in finding a balance between nature and urbanization. It can solve a number of problems, as well as improve the quality of ecosystem services. An analysis of scientific sources on the use of such an element of green infrastructure as green roofs was performed. It has been established that green roofs have a very long history of creation in the Scandinavian countries, their use dates back to 1500 years, in European countries the most advanced country is Germany. The implementation of green roofs has significant advantages when properly implemented can provide a wide range of ecosystem services. However, there are some subtleties for their proper implementation. Conclusions. The implementation of green roof technology in different countries has different features, the common denominator is that when choosing plants it is necessary to use local plants that are adapted to the climatic conditions of a particular area, you need a legal basis to develop this idea. Taking into account all the benefits of using this technology, we can state that their implementation is a necessary today for adaptation to climate change.
{"title":"Experience and benefits of using green roofs as an element in green infrastructure","authors":"A. Hrechko","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To analyze the international experience of using green roofs an element of green infrastructure as, to outline the main advantages of using this element, to analyze the ways of implementation in Ukraine and to identify difficulties in this process.\u0000\u0000Results. Modern processes of urbanization lead to a reduction in the number of green spaces, climate change, an increase in the city's heat island, the impoverishment of biodiversity and more. The use of green infrastructure strategy provides a foundation for further sustainable urban development. Green infrastructure plays a key role in finding a balance between nature and urbanization. It can solve a number of problems, as well as improve the quality of ecosystem services. An analysis of scientific sources on the use of such an element of green infrastructure as green roofs was performed. It has been established that green roofs have a very long history of creation in the Scandinavian countries, their use dates back to 1500 years, in European countries the most advanced country is Germany. The implementation of green roofs has significant advantages when properly implemented can provide a wide range of ecosystem services. However, there are some subtleties for their proper implementation.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The implementation of green roof technology in different countries has different features, the common denominator is that when choosing plants it is necessary to use local plants that are adapted to the climatic conditions of a particular area, you need a legal basis to develop this idea. Taking into account all the benefits of using this technology, we can state that their implementation is a necessary today for adaptation to climate change.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88463776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-07
Purpose. The assess and compare the structure of land use of urban, township and rural territorial communities, to develop an optimization model to land use in case of decentralization Methods. Assessment, comparative-geographical, geoinformation, statistical, mathematical, geoecological analysis and optimization modeling. During the study, special methods were used to determine the anthropogenic pressure, coefficients of ecological stability and anthropogenic transformation of different types territorial communities. Results. According to the results of comparative assessment of the land use structure of urban, township and rural territorial communities, it was found that all three types of communities are characterized by a high degree of plowing (˃60%) and low forest share (5-10%). The share of natural lands within the studied territorial communities is 23-30%. The calculated coefficients of anthropogenic transformation, ecological stability, anthropogenic load, showed that Vyshnivets township and Borsukivska rural territorial communities belong to the category of ecologically unstable territories, Lanovets urban territorial community - to medium ecologically stable territories. In all three types of territorial communities, landscapes are moderately transformed. Urban, township and rural territorial communities experience a sufficiently high (above average) anthropogenic pressure. The obtained results of calculations create objective preconditions for optimizing the structure of land use of the studied territorial communities. Conclusions. To correct and improve the situation, to bring the territories of the studied territorial communities of different types to ecological stability, it is necessary to implement a number of optimization measures. The developed optimization model of land use of Lanovets city, Vyshnivets township and Borsukivka rural territorial communities envisages reduction of arable lands by 20-26%, increase of forest cover by 13-18% and bringing the share of natural lands to the optimal 50%. The implementation of such an approach requires a change in the purpose of individual land plots and the organization of their landscape-adapted use.
{"title":"Comparative characteristics of the land use structure for different types of territorial communities","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-07","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The assess and compare the structure of land use of urban, township and rural territorial communities, to develop an optimization model to land use in case of decentralization\u0000\u0000Methods. Assessment, comparative-geographical, geoinformation, statistical, mathematical, geoecological analysis and optimization modeling. During the study, special methods were used to determine the anthropogenic pressure, coefficients of ecological stability and anthropogenic transformation of different types territorial communities.\u0000\u0000Results. According to the results of comparative assessment of the land use structure of urban, township and rural territorial communities, it was found that all three types of communities are characterized by a high degree of plowing (˃60%) and low forest share (5-10%). The share of natural lands within the studied territorial communities is 23-30%. The calculated coefficients of anthropogenic transformation, ecological stability, anthropogenic load, showed that Vyshnivets township and Borsukivska rural territorial communities belong to the category of ecologically unstable territories, Lanovets urban territorial community - to medium ecologically stable territories. In all three types of territorial communities, landscapes are moderately transformed. Urban, township and rural territorial communities experience a sufficiently high (above average) anthropogenic pressure. The obtained results of calculations create objective preconditions for optimizing the structure of land use of the studied territorial communities.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. To correct and improve the situation, to bring the territories of the studied territorial communities of different types to ecological stability, it is necessary to implement a number of optimization measures. The developed optimization model of land use of Lanovets city, Vyshnivets township and Borsukivka rural territorial communities envisages reduction of arable lands by 20-26%, increase of forest cover by 13-18% and bringing the share of natural lands to the optimal 50%. The implementation of such an approach requires a change in the purpose of individual land plots and the organization of their landscape-adapted use.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83815671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-06
M. Nazaruk, L. Halianta
Purpose. Based on the analysis of socio-ecological conditions for the development of innovative nature management in the communities in Lviv region, to determine the main factors of innovative industrial production. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, comparison. Results. The concept of "industrial nature management in the community" is covered. We described the socio-ecological conditions for the development of innovative nature management and the main factors of innovative industrial nature management in modern decentralization within the newly created territorial communities are as follows: technology, legislation in the field of innovation, demand for innovative products, information and investment resources, highly skilled labor, efficiency of management.. Innovative activity within the enterprises of Lviv region and the state of the technological structure of industrial production in the region are characterized. Attention is paid to the possibility of structural restructuring of industrial nature management.The peculiarities of the development of innovative nature management within the Lviv region, the mechanisms of stimulating investment and innovative development of territorial communities are highlighted. The concept of "industrial park" is considered, as well as the concept of creating industrial parks. The functional purpose of nine industrial parks, which are planned to be created within the territory of Lviv region, is described. The industrial zoning of the region is highlighted and the main industrial centers within them are characterized. Conclusions. Structural restructuring of industrial nature management should be based on optimizing the use of existing in the community natural resource, socio-economic, cultural and historical potentials, optimizing the directions and scale of nature management. At the same time, the least environmentally harmful industries deserve the priority development.
{"title":"Social and ecological prerequisites for the development of innovative nature management in the communities in Lviv region","authors":"M. Nazaruk, L. Halianta","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-06","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Based on the analysis of socio-ecological conditions for the development of innovative nature management in the communities in Lviv region, to determine the main factors of innovative industrial production.\u0000\u0000Methods. Analysis, synthesis, comparison.\u0000\u0000Results. The concept of \"industrial nature management in the community\" is covered. We described the socio-ecological conditions for the development of innovative nature management and the main factors of innovative industrial nature management in modern decentralization within the newly created territorial communities are as follows: technology, legislation in the field of innovation, demand for innovative products, information and investment resources, highly skilled labor, efficiency of management.. Innovative activity within the enterprises of Lviv region and the state of the technological structure of industrial production in the region are characterized. Attention is paid to the possibility of structural restructuring of industrial nature management.The peculiarities of the development of innovative nature management within the Lviv region, the mechanisms of stimulating investment and innovative development of territorial communities are highlighted. The concept of \"industrial park\" is considered, as well as the concept of creating industrial parks. The functional purpose of nine industrial parks, which are planned to be created within the territory of Lviv region, is described. The industrial zoning of the region is highlighted and the main industrial centers within them are characterized.\u0000\u0000 Conclusions. Structural restructuring of industrial nature management should be based on optimizing the use of existing in the community natural resource, socio-economic, cultural and historical potentials, optimizing the directions and scale of nature management. At the same time, the least environmentally harmful industries deserve the priority development.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86730268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-02
Purpose. Analysis of the relief and geological structure of Vyzhnytskyi and Cheremoskyi national natural parks (NNP) as important components of natural complexes, which, as well as biota, are objects of nature conservation institutions. Methods. Field research, geological-tectonic and general geomorphological analysis of the NNP’s relief, review of regional descriptive materials and maps. Results. Vyzhnytskyi NNP and Cheremoskyi NNP are located in the South-Eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians within the Chernivtsi region. The analysis of the morphostructure and morphosculpture of NNPs is carried out taking into account the longitudinal (N-W – S-E) and transverse divisions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The longitudinal division is associated with morphostructures of higher orders, such as second and third, and the transverse is associated with fourth and fifth orders of morphostructure. The analysis of morphosculpture of NNPs shows the types characteresed the Carpathian Flysch and Сrystalline Carpathians. Mountain ranges and ridges such as Bukovyna med-mountains, Pneve-Yarovytsi and part of Chyvchyn mountains are characterized by an asymmetrical structure – steep northeastern slopes and declivous southwestern slopes. The relic morphosculpture is represented by: 1) fragments of denudation surfaces of different ages such as Polonynska and Pidpolonynska within Cheremoskyi NNP as well as Karmaturska (analogue of Pidbeskid) within Vyzhnytskyi NNP; 2) extra glacial landforms within Cheremoskyi NPP; 3) areas of ancient longitudinal valleys. The inherited morphosculpture is represented by river valleys with a complex of terraces of different ages. The premountain part of Vyzhnytskyi NNP includes the relict ("dead") morphostructure of Bagno river valley. Modern morphodynamic processes represent a height (tier) differentiation. The highest tier of apical surfaces in the subalpine zone (1,450–1,600 m) of Cheremoskyi NNP is characterized by processes of slow displacement of debris and manifestations of gravitational, avalanche and nival processes. In the tiers of strongly dissected mеd-mountain and low-mountain relief of NNPs, the processes of planar erosion, deflux, and linear erosion play an important role in the modelling of the relief. The lower tier of the terraced and non-terraced bottoms of the valleys are associated with the processes of leaching and erosion as well as a significant accumulation of erosion products and mudflows. Among gravitational processes and block motions, stabilized and active displacements are the most recorded. Conclusions. In general, the territories of Vyzhnytskyi NNP and Cheremoskyi NNP fully represents the features of geological structure and relief of the south-eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians. In conjunction they form a fairly transverse conservation profile of the region from the premountain uplands to the highest ridges of the Marmarosy (Crystal) Carpathians.
{"title":"Relief and geological structure of Vyzhnytskyi and Cheremoskyi national natural parks (Ukrainian Carpathians)","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2022-26-02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Analysis of the relief and geological structure of Vyzhnytskyi and Cheremoskyi national natural parks (NNP) as important components of natural complexes, which, as well as biota, are objects of nature conservation institutions.\u0000\u0000Methods. Field research, geological-tectonic and general geomorphological analysis of the NNP’s relief, review of regional descriptive materials and maps.\u0000\u0000Results. Vyzhnytskyi NNP and Cheremoskyi NNP are located in the South-Eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians within the Chernivtsi region. The analysis of the morphostructure and morphosculpture of NNPs is carried out taking into account the longitudinal (N-W – S-E) and transverse divisions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The longitudinal division is associated with morphostructures of higher orders, such as second and third, and the transverse is associated with fourth and fifth orders of morphostructure.\u0000\u0000The analysis of morphosculpture of NNPs shows the types characteresed the Carpathian Flysch and Сrystalline Carpathians. Mountain ranges and ridges such as Bukovyna med-mountains, Pneve-Yarovytsi and part of Chyvchyn mountains are characterized by an asymmetrical structure – steep northeastern slopes and declivous southwestern slopes. The relic morphosculpture is represented by: 1) fragments of denudation surfaces of different ages such as Polonynska and Pidpolonynska within Cheremoskyi NNP as well as Karmaturska (analogue of Pidbeskid) within Vyzhnytskyi NNP; 2) extra glacial landforms within Cheremoskyi NPP; 3) areas of ancient longitudinal valleys. The inherited morphosculpture is represented by river valleys with a complex of terraces of different ages. The premountain part of Vyzhnytskyi NNP includes the relict (\"dead\") morphostructure of Bagno river valley.\u0000\u0000Modern morphodynamic processes represent a height (tier) differentiation. The highest tier of apical surfaces in the subalpine zone (1,450–1,600 m) of Cheremoskyi NNP is characterized by processes of slow displacement of debris and manifestations of gravitational, avalanche and nival processes. In the tiers of strongly dissected mеd-mountain and low-mountain relief of NNPs, the processes of planar erosion, deflux, and linear erosion play an important role in the modelling of the relief. The lower tier of the terraced and non-terraced bottoms of the valleys are associated with the processes of leaching and erosion as well as a significant accumulation of erosion products and mudflows. Among gravitational processes and block motions, stabilized and active displacements are the most recorded.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. In general, the territories of Vyzhnytskyi NNP and Cheremoskyi NNP fully represents the features of geological structure and relief of the south-eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians. In conjunction they form a fairly transverse conservation profile of the region from the premountain uplands to the highest ridges of the Marmarosy (Crystal) Carpathians.","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82292992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.26565/2077-5105-2021-26-07
P. Romanenko
n transit of the identity of Ukrainian participants in hostilities in the area of anti-terrorist operation/ united forces operation. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of transit and the factors influencing its karakter, given the analytical categories of phenomenological constructivism of P. Berger and T. Lukman, as well as the theory of A. Schutz. Particular attention is paid to the sociological conceptualization of the phenomenon of military identity of ATO / UFO participants. The content of the concepts “post-military identity transit” and “military identity” and the ratio of the respective phenomena are analyzed. Based on the analysis and rethinking of the ideas of A. Schutz, P. Berger and T. Lukman, as well as the identification of key factors and actors influencing the post-military identity transit of ATO / OOS participants, the phenomena of military identity and military-to-civilian transit of identity are conceptualized. It is emphasized that the military identity is constructed in the process of communication between the participants of the interaction. It is noted that specific practices acquired as a result of participation in hostilities appear in the life of the ATO / OOS participant as hidden knowledge that is reproduced outside the military environment and becomes an effective way of constructing reality. Such groups of ATO / OOS participants as citizens who have chosen military service as a profession have been singled out; mobilized to the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) or the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) (6 waves of mobilization during 2014-2015); as well as volunteers who participated in battalions and other armed formations that are not part of the active army of Ukraine. The thesis is that military-to-civilian transit of the identity of the representatives of these groups will differ due to different experience of recruitment to the Armed Forces or other armed formations of Ukraine, differences in the conditions of stay in the combat area and so on. The key factors influencing the post-military transit of the identity of combatants, constructing and reconstructing the military identity, namely: contrast of everyday life in the war zone and everyday life of peace, return to comfort, superior attitude of ATO / OOS participants to civilians, orientations, differences in perceptions of conflict, family and military fraternity. It is emphasized that the theoretical provisions, generalizations and conclusions presented in the paper, as well as the author’s hypotheses can be used in further scientific and practical studies of this and related topics, as well as for developing state programs of social integration of combatants into peaceful life
{"title":"Post-military transit of the identity of ATO/OOS participants: factor conditioning","authors":"P. Romanenko","doi":"10.26565/2077-5105-2021-26-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2077-5105-2021-26-07","url":null,"abstract":"n transit of the identity of Ukrainian participants in hostilities in the area of anti-terrorist operation/ united forces operation. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of transit and the factors influencing its karakter, given the analytical categories of phenomenological constructivism of P. Berger and T. Lukman, as well as the theory of A. Schutz. Particular attention is paid to the sociological conceptualization of the phenomenon of military identity of ATO / UFO participants. The content of the concepts “post-military identity transit” and “military identity” and the ratio of the respective phenomena are analyzed.\u0000Based on the analysis and rethinking of the ideas of A. Schutz, P. Berger and T. Lukman, as well as the identification of key factors and actors influencing the post-military identity transit of ATO / OOS participants, the phenomena of military identity and military-to-civilian transit of identity are conceptualized.\u0000It is emphasized that the military identity is constructed in the process of communication between the participants of the interaction. It is noted that specific practices acquired as a result of participation in hostilities appear in the life of the ATO / OOS participant as hidden knowledge that is reproduced outside the military environment and becomes an effective way of constructing reality.\u0000Such groups of ATO / OOS participants as citizens who have chosen military service as a profession have been singled out; mobilized to the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) or the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) (6 waves of mobilization during 2014-2015); as well as volunteers who participated in battalions and other armed formations that are not part of the active army of Ukraine. The thesis is that military-to-civilian transit of the identity of the representatives of these groups will differ due to different experience of recruitment to the Armed Forces or other armed formations of Ukraine, differences in the conditions of stay in the combat area and so on.\u0000The key factors influencing the post-military transit of the identity of combatants, constructing and reconstructing the military identity, namely: contrast of everyday life in the war zone and everyday life of peace, return to comfort, superior attitude of ATO / OOS participants to civilians, orientations, differences in perceptions of conflict, family and military fraternity. It is emphasized that the theoretical provisions, generalizations and conclusions presented in the paper, as well as the author’s hypotheses can be used in further scientific and practical studies of this and related topics, as well as for developing state programs of social integration of combatants into peaceful life","PeriodicalId":11146,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Tue, October 26, 2021","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80086196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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