Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3815
Ruchita, R. Shankar
The issue of increasing manufacturing of electric vehicles (EVs) in industries and adoption of EVs by the public has become a universal need of fast-growing society and developing countries but manufacturing and adoption of EVs are not satisfactory rather poor due to several reasons which are to be focused and need to be minimized very fast. Providing charging infrastructure to EVs for the public is also not up to the mark. So, it seems that ongoing technologies are to be modernized in developing countries. This paper analyzes the present scenario of developing countries’ markets and proposes a new system that may be effective and may minimize obstructions that are redundant in the way of manufacturing and adoption of EVs. Political Economic Social Technological Environmental Legal Industry (PESTELI) analysis has been employed to show the happenings in the economic & business environment. Soft system methodology (SSM) may be a suitable approach for studying reasons/root causes for not rapid enhancement of manufacturing and adoption of EVs. SSM is applied to develop a framework that provides the way to encourage a manufacturer to produce EVs in large no. and to adopt EVs by the public. The paper develops a framework for the management of transportation systems using PESTELI analysis and Soft System Methodology (SSM). The proposed framework also gives the reasons for the present situation.
{"title":"Electric Vehicles Charging Infrastructure Framework for Smart Transportation","authors":"Ruchita, R. Shankar","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3815","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of increasing manufacturing of electric vehicles (EVs) in industries and adoption of EVs by the public has become a universal need of fast-growing society and developing countries but manufacturing and adoption of EVs are not satisfactory rather poor due to several reasons which are to be focused and need to be minimized very fast. Providing charging infrastructure to EVs for the public is also not up to the mark. So, it seems that ongoing technologies are to be modernized in developing countries. This paper analyzes the present scenario of developing countries’ markets and proposes a new system that may be effective and may minimize obstructions that are redundant in the way of manufacturing and adoption of EVs. Political Economic Social Technological Environmental Legal Industry (PESTELI) analysis has been employed to show the happenings in the economic & business environment. Soft system methodology (SSM) may be a suitable approach for studying reasons/root causes for not rapid enhancement of manufacturing and adoption of EVs. SSM is applied to develop a framework that provides the way to encourage a manufacturer to produce EVs in large no. and to adopt EVs by the public. The paper develops a framework for the management of transportation systems using PESTELI analysis and Soft System Methodology (SSM). The proposed framework also gives the reasons for the present situation.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79309753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3816
Md Irfan Ahmed, Ramesh Kumar
Distribution system has been the weakest link in the entire power system supply chain. It is also one of the most vital parts of the power system. However, a lot of methods have been developed to improve the condition of the distribution system. The use of distributed generations (DGs) is one such method where the generated power is closer to the load center, and the DG is also providing ancillary services to the grid. The nodal electricity price for DGs location is determined based on the Locational Marginal Price (LMP). LMP implies the price to buy and sell power at each node within electrical distribution markets. In the nodal electricity market (EM), the cost of energy is determined by the location of DG to which it is provided. This paper presents a novel approach that utilizes nodal electricity price for optimal sizing and location (OSL) of DGs. A multi-objective ANTLION optimization (MOALO) has been utilized as an optimization approach to compute the OSL of DGs units. ANTLION optimization (ALO) is based on the unique hunting behaviour of antlions. Optimization has been done for social welfare maximization, loss minimization, and voltage profile improvement in distribution networks (DNs). The results of the proposed technique have been evaluated for IEEE 33 bus DNs.
{"title":"Nodal Electricity Price Based Optimal Size and Location of DGs in Electrical Distribution Networks Using ANT LION Optimization Algorithm","authors":"Md Irfan Ahmed, Ramesh Kumar","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3816","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution system has been the weakest link in the entire power system supply chain. It is also one of the most vital parts of the power system. However, a lot of methods have been developed to improve the condition of the distribution system. The use of distributed generations (DGs) is one such method where the generated power is closer to the load center, and the DG is also providing ancillary services to the grid. The nodal electricity price for DGs location is determined based on the Locational Marginal Price (LMP). LMP implies the price to buy and sell power at each node within electrical distribution markets. In the nodal electricity market (EM), the cost of energy is determined by the location of DG to which it is provided. This paper presents a novel approach that utilizes nodal electricity price for optimal sizing and location (OSL) of DGs. A multi-objective ANTLION optimization (MOALO) has been utilized as an optimization approach to compute the OSL of DGs units. ANTLION optimization (ALO) is based on the unique hunting behaviour of antlions. Optimization has been done for social welfare maximization, loss minimization, and voltage profile improvement in distribution networks (DNs). The results of the proposed technique have been evaluated for IEEE 33 bus DNs.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85070789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3811
T. K. Abhijith, S. Arun, K. Labeeb, Parvathy G. Kumar, N. Raj
Inverters play a vital role in the distributed generated energy systems. Hence, the reliability of the entire distributed energy system depends on the consistent and continuous operation of the inverter. Consequently, to maintain a reliable operation, effective condition monitoring and fault diagnostic schemes have to be incorporated. In this paper, a method based on current trajectory is analyzed for the fault detection and diagnosis of open-switch faults in three-phase two-level voltage source inverters (VSI). The current trajectory-based method of fault diagnosis has been already presented literature for the identification and localization of open-switch fault in the three-phase two-level VSI. The main drawback of the existing current trajectory method is that the fault diagnosis and detection is dependent on the phase currents selected to plot the current trajectories. Therefore, in this paper, a generalization is proposed for the fault diagnosis and diagnosis based on the current trajectory, which make the method independent of the selection of the phase current used to plot the current trajectory. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed generalization is verified by simulation and experiments in a laboratory prototype of three-phase two-level VSI.
{"title":"A Generalized Current Trajectory Based Fault Diagnostic Method for Three-Phase Two-Level Inverters","authors":"T. K. Abhijith, S. Arun, K. Labeeb, Parvathy G. Kumar, N. Raj","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3811","url":null,"abstract":"Inverters play a vital role in the distributed generated energy systems. Hence, the reliability of the entire distributed energy system depends on the consistent and continuous operation of the inverter. Consequently, to maintain a reliable operation, effective condition monitoring and fault diagnostic schemes have to be incorporated. In this paper, a method based on current trajectory is analyzed for the fault detection and diagnosis of open-switch faults in three-phase two-level voltage source inverters (VSI). The current trajectory-based method of fault diagnosis has been already presented literature for the identification and localization of open-switch fault in the three-phase two-level VSI. The main drawback of the existing current trajectory method is that the fault diagnosis and detection is dependent on the phase currents selected to plot the current trajectories. Therefore, in this paper, a generalization is proposed for the fault diagnosis and diagnosis based on the current trajectory, which make the method independent of the selection of the phase current used to plot the current trajectory. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed generalization is verified by simulation and experiments in a laboratory prototype of three-phase two-level VSI.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89043329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38114
K. Manikandan, S. Sasikumar, R. Arulraj
The notion of a micro grid system is used to prevent transmission losses and to ensure a dependable power supply to a limited geographical area. It has been a mandatory protocol to apply accessible Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in order to reduce hazardous pollutants released into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuel burning. Economic load dispatch (ELD) is concerned with the most cost-effective sizing of distributed energy resources (DERs). By limiting the hazardous content of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere, emission dispatch determines the ideal size of DERs. A multi-objective Combined Economic-Emission Dispatch (CEED) is created, which determines the appropriate DER sizing while minimizing both fuel costs and pollution emissions. Using Python programming in IDLE, this work conducts all ELD, Emission Dispatch, and CEED on a renewable-integrated micro grid and grid connected mode independently. The results are then compared with conventional method effectiveness of the proposed technique. In this paper, the algorithm proposed in python language to check the accuracy, multidisciplinary integration and ease of understanding. This article is developed based on conventional CEED solution and validated with the help of Python programming for a typical IEEE test system.
{"title":"Investigation on CEED-RES Problem Using Modified Lagrange Method","authors":"K. Manikandan, S. Sasikumar, R. Arulraj","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38114","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of a micro grid system is used to prevent transmission losses and to ensure a dependable power supply to a limited geographical area. It has been a mandatory protocol to apply accessible Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in order to reduce hazardous pollutants released into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuel burning. Economic load dispatch (ELD) is concerned with the most cost-effective sizing of distributed energy resources (DERs). By limiting the hazardous content of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere, emission dispatch determines the ideal size of DERs. \u0000A multi-objective Combined Economic-Emission Dispatch (CEED) is created, which determines the appropriate DER sizing while minimizing both fuel costs and pollution emissions. Using Python programming in IDLE, this work conducts all ELD, Emission Dispatch, and CEED on a renewable-integrated micro grid and grid connected mode independently. The results are then compared with conventional method effectiveness of the proposed technique. In this paper, the algorithm proposed in python language to check the accuracy, multidisciplinary integration and ease of understanding. This article is developed based on conventional CEED solution and validated with the help of Python programming for a typical IEEE test system.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"147 Pt 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84065282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3819
Farhana Fayaz, G. L. Pahuja
This study presents load-frequency-control of a two-area hybrid power system (HPS) incorporating distributed generation, geo-thermal plant, thermal plant and electric-vehicle. Such a complex system with non-linearities leads the power system towards more complexity and accordingly requires a resilient controller to handle such complexity. In this regard, optimal cascaded proportional integral – multistage proportional integral derivative (cascaded PI-MSPID) is explored for developed power system. The efficiency of optimal controller is validated by comparing it with other controllers. The influence of flywheel energy storage on system dynamics is demonstrated. Further, the electric vehicle’s participation in enhancing the system stability is presented. Moreover, the developed system is subjected to an intense load deviation which is a practical data taken from one of the literature. It is demonstrated that responses achieved for proposed cascaded PI-MSPID controller effectively handles the system disturbances, which reflects the strength of proposed cascaded PI-MSPID controller.
{"title":"Optimal Control of Hybrid Power System Integrated with Distributed Generation and Electric Vehicle","authors":"Farhana Fayaz, G. L. Pahuja","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3819","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents load-frequency-control of a two-area hybrid power system (HPS) incorporating distributed generation, geo-thermal plant, thermal plant and electric-vehicle. Such a complex system with non-linearities leads the power system towards more complexity and accordingly requires a resilient controller to handle such complexity. In this regard, optimal cascaded proportional integral – multistage proportional integral derivative (cascaded PI-MSPID) is explored for developed power system. The efficiency of optimal controller is validated by comparing it with other controllers. The influence of flywheel energy storage on system dynamics is demonstrated. Further, the electric vehicle’s participation in enhancing the system stability is presented. Moreover, the developed system is subjected to an intense load deviation which is a practical data taken from one of the literature. It is demonstrated that responses achieved for proposed cascaded PI-MSPID controller effectively handles the system disturbances, which reflects the strength of proposed cascaded PI-MSPID controller.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84641447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3817
N. Rehman, M. Mufti, Neeraj Gupta
Distributed generation (DG) has been employed over the years in distribution systems to enhance system voltage profile, improve voltage regulation and minimise power losses leading to improved stability besides economic benefits. This work addresses an application of reptile search algorithm (RSA) based optimization technique to determine the optimal placement of electric vehicles (EVs) in distribution systems. A matrix approach based radial distribution load flow method is adopted to determine the optimal location of DGs with the heuristic intelligent search approach of RSA looking after the optimal placement of EV loads. This work presents a standard IEEE-33 and 69 bus system integrated with a wind turbine generating system (WTGS). The system is modeled for optimal placement of EV loads such that the system voltage is maintained within allowable limits by reducing overall system losses. The optimal placement of EV loads in a radial distribution network (RDN) implies establishing an efficient active distribution network satisfying several operating parameters like bus voltage limits and current capacity of feeders while maintaining network radiality with minimal system losses. The proposed technique is investigated on the benchmark IEEE-33 and 69 bus test systems. The simulated results depict a substantial improvement in convergence characteristics and reduction in system losses.
{"title":"Optimal Location of Electric Vehicles in a Wind Integrated Distribution System Using Reptile Search Algorithm","authors":"N. Rehman, M. Mufti, Neeraj Gupta","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3817","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed generation (DG) has been employed over the years in distribution systems to enhance system voltage profile, improve voltage regulation and minimise power losses leading to improved stability besides economic benefits. This work addresses an application of reptile search algorithm (RSA) based optimization technique to determine the optimal placement of electric vehicles (EVs) in distribution systems. A matrix approach based radial distribution load flow method is adopted to determine the optimal location of DGs with the heuristic intelligent search approach of RSA looking after the optimal placement of EV loads. This work presents a standard IEEE-33 and 69 bus system integrated with a wind turbine generating system (WTGS). The system is modeled for optimal placement of EV loads such that the system voltage is maintained within allowable limits by reducing overall system losses. The optimal placement of EV loads in a radial distribution network (RDN) implies establishing an efficient active distribution network satisfying several operating parameters like bus voltage limits and current capacity of feeders while maintaining network radiality with minimal system losses. The proposed technique is investigated on the benchmark IEEE-33 and 69 bus test systems. The simulated results depict a substantial improvement in convergence characteristics and reduction in system losses.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"255 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76350347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38110
Aditya Ghatak, T. Pandit, D. Kishan, Ravi Raushan
Renewable energy systems are becoming increasingly predominant in the current scenario, and Photovoltaic (PV) arrays are one of the most widely used renewable energy generation sources. The current-voltage characteristics of PV arrays are non-linear, necessitating the need for supervisory techniques in order to ensure that the array functions at maximum efficiency, which is performed by Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques. These techniques are categorized into classical, intelligent and optimization algorithms. This paper performs a comparative analysis between five different MPPT techniques belonging to these categories – Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental Conductance (IC), Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA). A standalone PV system interfaced with a Boost converter is simulated on MATLAB Simulink for the performance evaluation of the MPPT techniques. Solar energy is extremely susceptible to changes in local weather conditions, mainly variations in solar insolation levels. The designed system is tested against a varying insolation profile in order to examine the robustness of the MPPT techniques, with their operation efficiencies showcased.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithms for Standalone PV System Under Variable Weather Conditions","authors":"Aditya Ghatak, T. Pandit, D. Kishan, Ravi Raushan","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38110","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy systems are becoming increasingly predominant in the current scenario, and Photovoltaic (PV) arrays are one of the most widely used renewable energy generation sources. The current-voltage characteristics of PV arrays are non-linear, necessitating the need for supervisory techniques in order to ensure that the array functions at maximum efficiency, which is performed by Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques. These techniques are categorized into classical, intelligent and optimization algorithms. This paper performs a comparative analysis between five different MPPT techniques belonging to these categories – Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental Conductance (IC), Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA). A standalone PV system interfaced with a Boost converter is simulated on MATLAB Simulink for the performance evaluation of the MPPT techniques. Solar energy is extremely susceptible to changes in local weather conditions, mainly variations in solar insolation levels. The designed system is tested against a varying insolation profile in order to examine the robustness of the MPPT techniques, with their operation efficiencies showcased.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84153102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38115
P. Rani, V. Arora, N. Sharma
A feedback converter-based Static series compensator (FBC-SSC) is a device that can simultaneously compensate for currents and voltages in a distribution network to enhance the Power Quality (PQ) in Grid integrated Energy System (GIWES). PQ is a term that refers to the conjunction of voltage and current stability. Electronically operated and non-linear gadgets with significant applicability in distribution networks and enterprises have become significant aspects due to PQ constraints such as imbalance voltage and frequency, and transients. Improved hysteresis-based FBC-SSC is suggested in this study for optimizing PQ in GIWES. The novelty in this research is improved hysteresis or hybrid PI and PWM-based hysteresis controlled FBC-SSC. In a wind turbine generation system, improved hysteresis based is used to find the gate trigger pulse for SSC. The suggested controller, when combined with FBC-SSC, improves the WES dynamic performance. Simultaneously, the grid network can compensate for current and voltage irregularities in nearby terminals. All converters in the proposed topology share a standard dc-link capacitor. As a result, power can be transmitted from one distributor to another. The proposed topology is modelled in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The effectiveness research is performed using the improved hysteresis controller. Finally, the obtained results are compared to two existing controllers: a Proportional Integral controller and a traditional Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller. As a consequence, the performance level can show that the advised technique is effective. When compared to another typical control approach, the suggested system obtains remarkably low THD values of 0.94 percent.
{"title":"Control of Dynamic Performance Through Feedback Converter SSC In Grid Integrated Wind Energy System","authors":"P. Rani, V. Arora, N. Sharma","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38115","url":null,"abstract":"A feedback converter-based Static series compensator (FBC-SSC) is a device that can simultaneously compensate for currents and voltages in a distribution network to enhance the Power Quality (PQ) in Grid integrated Energy System (GIWES). PQ is a term that refers to the conjunction of voltage and current stability. Electronically operated and non-linear gadgets with significant applicability in distribution networks and enterprises have become significant aspects due to PQ constraints such as imbalance voltage and frequency, and transients. Improved hysteresis-based FBC-SSC is suggested in this study for optimizing PQ in GIWES. The novelty in this research is improved hysteresis or hybrid PI and PWM-based hysteresis controlled FBC-SSC. In a wind turbine generation system, improved hysteresis based is used to find the gate trigger pulse for SSC. The suggested controller, when combined with FBC-SSC, improves the WES dynamic performance. Simultaneously, the grid network can compensate for current and voltage irregularities in nearby terminals. All converters in the proposed topology share a standard dc-link capacitor. As a result, power can be transmitted from one distributor to another. The proposed topology is modelled in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The effectiveness research is performed using the improved hysteresis controller. Finally, the obtained results are compared to two existing controllers: a Proportional Integral controller and a traditional Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller. As a consequence, the performance level can show that the advised technique is effective. When compared to another typical control approach, the suggested system obtains remarkably low THD values of 0.94 percent.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77845178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3818
Pradeep Singh, D. K. Dheer
In this paper, modified virtual impedance control technique is proposed to bring back the sum of real power and reactive power output of all the distributed generators (DGs) to the nominal value. The value of real and reactive power output falls down in the conventional virtual impedance control technique for reactive power sharing improvement in islanded microgrid. The proposed technique modifies the d-axis component of virtual impedance voltage which in turns brings back the sum of real and reactive power output of distributed generators to nominal value keeping achieved reactive power sharing and output voltage intact. The impact of modified virtual impedance technique on the stability of the system is also investigated using eigenvalue analysis. No communication link or optimization technique is required in this work which reduces the complexity of the system making it more reliable and easier to design. The proposed technique works satisfactory for local load as well as the loads which are connected distantly from the distributed generators. The feasibility of the proposed technique is validated in time domain simulation in MATLAB/Simulink. The MATLAB R2020b version 9.9 is used in this research work.
{"title":"Modified Virtual Impedance Control to Improve Real and Reactive Power Output in Islanded Microgrid","authors":"Pradeep Singh, D. K. Dheer","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3818","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, modified virtual impedance control technique is proposed to bring back the sum of real power and reactive power output of all the distributed generators (DGs) to the nominal value. The value of real and reactive power output falls down in the conventional virtual impedance control technique for reactive power sharing improvement in islanded microgrid. The proposed technique modifies the d-axis component of virtual impedance voltage which in turns brings back the sum of real and reactive power output of distributed generators to nominal value keeping achieved reactive power sharing and output voltage intact. The impact of modified virtual impedance technique on the stability of the system is also investigated using eigenvalue analysis. No communication link or optimization technique is required in this work which reduces the complexity of the system making it more reliable and easier to design. The proposed technique works satisfactory for local load as well as the loads which are connected distantly from the distributed generators. The feasibility of the proposed technique is validated in time domain simulation in MATLAB/Simulink. The MATLAB R2020b version 9.9 is used in this research work.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87292774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3814
S. K. Rajput, D. K. Dheer
The increase in energy consumption due to population expansion and scarcity of fossil fuels is happening simultaneously in developing countries like India. In this regard, commercial buildings are increasingly required to employ renewable energy sources (like PV) and conserve the energy for improving energy efficiency. This research article examines the performance of such PV-based hybrid power system, consists of 11 kV grid supply, 100 kWp PV plant & 200 kVA diesel generator. The results indicate that the addition of 68.34 kVAr shunt capacitor bank to Automatic Power Factor Compensation (APFC) panel, keeps the Power Factor (PF) unity and also eliminates the PF penalties in electricity bills. The maximum demand (MD) saving Rs 54528.00 (INR) on annual basis is achieved after the integration of PV with low voltage (433 V) distribution system and grid supply (11 kV). This integration has also reduced the average transformer loading to 64.73% and improved the transformer life. However the development of high current harmonics (average value 47.10%) must be reduced to ensure the life of the electrical load.
{"title":"Performance Analysis and Energy Conservation of PV Based Hybrid Power System","authors":"S. K. Rajput, D. K. Dheer","doi":"10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3814","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in energy consumption due to population expansion and scarcity of fossil fuels is happening simultaneously in developing countries like India. In this regard, commercial buildings are increasingly required to employ renewable energy sources (like PV) and conserve the energy for improving energy efficiency. This research article examines the performance of such PV-based hybrid power system, consists of 11 kV grid supply, 100 kWp PV plant & 200 kVA diesel generator. The results indicate that the addition of 68.34 kVAr shunt capacitor bank to Automatic Power Factor Compensation (APFC) panel, keeps the Power Factor (PF) unity and also eliminates the PF penalties in electricity bills. The maximum demand (MD) saving Rs 54528.00 (INR) on annual basis is achieved after the integration of PV with low voltage (433 V) distribution system and grid supply (11 kV). This integration has also reduced the average transformer loading to 64.73% and improved the transformer life. However the development of high current harmonics (average value 47.10%) must be reduced to ensure the life of the electrical load.","PeriodicalId":11205,"journal":{"name":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79835223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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