O. Burenkov, S. Garanin, G. G. Ivanova, V. Mokhov, V. B. Yakubov
The paper presents estimates for systems containing the following principal elements: a bank of helical EMG /spl sim/20 MJ in final energy; the first stage explosive opening switches; the second stage opening switch, explosive or plasma-flow; liner load. The needed parameters of the helical EMG and the first stage opening switches are taken from experiments; characteristics of the second stage opening switches and the liner are calculated, mainly, in the zero-dimensional approximation with orientation to the experimental data. The principal results are as follows: in the load possible currents are up to 24 MA with rise time /spl sim/0.1 /spl mu/s and kinetic energy of the imploding liner is up to 4 MJ (velocity /spl sim/500 km/s); this is better, than in a similar explosive magnetic system PROCYON and close to stationary system PBFA-Z.
{"title":"On potential efficiency of /spl sim/20 MJ helical EMG two-stage current pulse opening switches for generation of /spl sim/20 MA current pulses with /spl sim/0.1 /spl mu/s front in liner load","authors":"O. Burenkov, S. Garanin, G. G. Ivanova, V. Mokhov, V. B. Yakubov","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.823653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.823653","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents estimates for systems containing the following principal elements: a bank of helical EMG /spl sim/20 MJ in final energy; the first stage explosive opening switches; the second stage opening switch, explosive or plasma-flow; liner load. The needed parameters of the helical EMG and the first stage opening switches are taken from experiments; characteristics of the second stage opening switches and the liner are calculated, mainly, in the zero-dimensional approximation with orientation to the experimental data. The principal results are as follows: in the load possible currents are up to 24 MA with rise time /spl sim/0.1 /spl mu/s and kinetic energy of the imploding liner is up to 4 MJ (velocity /spl sim/500 km/s); this is better, than in a similar explosive magnetic system PROCYON and close to stationary system PBFA-Z.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"53 1","pages":"867-871 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88801127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kucherov, V. Chernyshev, V. Vakhrushev, G. I. Volkov, V. A. Ivanov, A. I. Krayev, A. B. Mezhevov, S. V. Pak, A. N. Skobelev
A device is being considered consisting of a helical explosive magnetic generator, a cascade of explosive and electroexplosive opening switches. This device serves to obtain a single pulse or a group of voltage pulses with the amplitude of up to 1 MV and a duration of several hundred nanoseconds in loads having an impedance of 1-15 Ohm. The interval between the pulses is equal to several microseconds. The electroexplosive cascade contains the given (in accordance with a required number of pulses) number of steps of conductor having different cross-sections and lengths. Amplitude, shape of pulses and the interval between them may be within certain limits changed by the way of picking out the conversion cascades' design parameters. The authors have modelled the operation of the exit cascade of the considered device powered by a capacitor facility. Copper wire, having several parts of different cross-sections, was used as the electroexplosive opening switch. Oscillograms with two and three consecutive pulses with an amplitude of about 550 kV and a duration of less than 500 ns were obtained. The interval between the pulses was about 2 /spl mu/s.
{"title":"Explosive magnetic generator of a high-power high-voltage pulse group","authors":"A. Kucherov, V. Chernyshev, V. Vakhrushev, G. I. Volkov, V. A. Ivanov, A. I. Krayev, A. B. Mezhevov, S. V. Pak, A. N. Skobelev","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.823641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.823641","url":null,"abstract":"A device is being considered consisting of a helical explosive magnetic generator, a cascade of explosive and electroexplosive opening switches. This device serves to obtain a single pulse or a group of voltage pulses with the amplitude of up to 1 MV and a duration of several hundred nanoseconds in loads having an impedance of 1-15 Ohm. The interval between the pulses is equal to several microseconds. The electroexplosive cascade contains the given (in accordance with a required number of pulses) number of steps of conductor having different cross-sections and lengths. Amplitude, shape of pulses and the interval between them may be within certain limits changed by the way of picking out the conversion cascades' design parameters. The authors have modelled the operation of the exit cascade of the considered device powered by a capacitor facility. Copper wire, having several parts of different cross-sections, was used as the electroexplosive opening switch. Oscillograms with two and three consecutive pulses with an amplitude of about 550 kV and a duration of less than 500 ns were obtained. The interval between the pulses was about 2 /spl mu/s.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"54 1","pages":"822-824 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84745388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The author consider here a novel trigger for high-voltage spark-gap switches that uses a ferroelectric material as an electron source. The new device is called a ferratron because it is in some ways reminiscent of a trigatron, and because it uses a ferroelectric material to inject electrons into the gap to trigger the breakdown. The device presently under advanced development uses a ferroelectric ceramic as the electron source, coupled with a high gas flow rate. This configuration allows reliable triggering at low trigger voltages, even at high repetition rates. The trigger system is integrated into a switch chamber design capable of sustaining 500 kV at a pressure of 1500 psig, The switch chamber is tailored to reduce field stresses and to provide a low inductance current path with a very compact geometry. The high gas flow rate allows the replacement of the gas in the discharge region within the time scale necessary to sustain a repetition rate of 100 Hz to 1 kHz. The switch has been successfully operated during preliminary tests using N/sub 2/ at low pressures with a transmitted risetime of 500 ps. The jitter was found to be less than 70 ps at a rep rate of 1 Hz. Faster risetimes, along with higher repetition rates and higher voltages, will be attained as development progresses.
{"title":"High-voltage, high rep-rate, low jitter, UWB source with ferroelectric trigger","authors":"L. Bowen, E. G. Farr, J. Elizondo, J. Lehr","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.823722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.823722","url":null,"abstract":"The author consider here a novel trigger for high-voltage spark-gap switches that uses a ferroelectric material as an electron source. The new device is called a ferratron because it is in some ways reminiscent of a trigatron, and because it uses a ferroelectric material to inject electrons into the gap to trigger the breakdown. The device presently under advanced development uses a ferroelectric ceramic as the electron source, coupled with a high gas flow rate. This configuration allows reliable triggering at low trigger voltages, even at high repetition rates. The trigger system is integrated into a switch chamber design capable of sustaining 500 kV at a pressure of 1500 psig, The switch chamber is tailored to reduce field stresses and to provide a low inductance current path with a very compact geometry. The high gas flow rate allows the replacement of the gas in the discharge region within the time scale necessary to sustain a repetition rate of 100 Hz to 1 kHz. The switch has been successfully operated during preliminary tests using N/sub 2/ at low pressures with a transmitted risetime of 500 ps. The jitter was found to be less than 70 ps at a rep rate of 1 Hz. Faster risetimes, along with higher repetition rates and higher voltages, will be attained as development progresses.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"40 1","pages":"1137-1140 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85348044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Anderson, J. Bartos, R. Day, F. P. Garcia, D. Hatch, R. Randolph, J. Townsend
Calculations indicate that Atlas liners must have waviness amplitudes less than 10 nm over spatial wavelengths near 1 cm. A liner for Ranchero has been produced, on equipment at LANL, with waviness amplitudes as close to 10 nm as was possible. A lathe, with air bearing slideways and spindle, was used in concert with a single crystal diamond tool to produce this part. Since the dimensional characterization of this liner can be as challenging as the production, on-machine gauging techniques were used for much of the dimensional inspection. This paper discusses the fabrication and metrology of this ultra smooth liner.
{"title":"Fabrication of an ultra smooth liner for Ranchero","authors":"W. Anderson, J. Bartos, R. Day, F. P. Garcia, D. Hatch, R. Randolph, J. Townsend","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.823657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.823657","url":null,"abstract":"Calculations indicate that Atlas liners must have waviness amplitudes less than 10 nm over spatial wavelengths near 1 cm. A liner for Ranchero has been produced, on equipment at LANL, with waviness amplitudes as close to 10 nm as was possible. A lathe, with air bearing slideways and spindle, was used in concert with a single crystal diamond tool to produce this part. Since the dimensional characterization of this liner can be as challenging as the production, on-machine gauging techniques were used for much of the dimensional inspection. This paper discusses the fabrication and metrology of this ultra smooth liner.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"63 1","pages":"884-887 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84100917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Birrell, P. G. Carpenter, G. Cooper, R. Davitt, R. Edwards, T. Goldsack, J. Mclean, M. Sinclair
The Pulsed Power Group at AWE is interested in the generation of small, intense, multi-megavolt X-ray sources for radiographic applications. One of them, E Minor, is used for research into electron beam transport and focusing studies. E Minor consists of three main sections: (1) a Marx generator incorporating 84 0.7 /spl mu/F capacitors that are slowly charged in parallel to 50 kV and then quickly switched and discharged through a series configuration via triggered spark gaps producing an output voltage of 4.2 MV; (2) this output voltage in turn pulse charges a Blumlein pulse forming line (PFL). The Blumlein PFL consists of three coaxial cylinders, 3.2 m, 2.0 m and 1.0 m in diameter. The output of the PFL is a 40 ns long 5.3 MV electrical pulse driving 38 kA into a typical electron beam load; and (3) the X-ray tube has sixteen, 92 mm thick, Lucite sections angled at 45 degrees to the electric field which, with the spacer rings, is 1.55 m long and 1.2 m in diameter. The vacuum housing acts as the outer cylinder of a magnetically insulated coaxial transmission line (MITL). The central conductor of this MITL supports the cathode stalk, and forms a line having an impedance of 190 ohms.
{"title":"New developments in pulsed power technology and associated electron beam transport mechanisms at the United Kingdom Atomic Weapons Establishment","authors":"A. Birrell, P. G. Carpenter, G. Cooper, R. Davitt, R. Edwards, T. Goldsack, J. Mclean, M. Sinclair","doi":"10.1049/IC:20000290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/IC:20000290","url":null,"abstract":"The Pulsed Power Group at AWE is interested in the generation of small, intense, multi-megavolt X-ray sources for radiographic applications. One of them, E Minor, is used for research into electron beam transport and focusing studies. E Minor consists of three main sections: (1) a Marx generator incorporating 84 0.7 /spl mu/F capacitors that are slowly charged in parallel to 50 kV and then quickly switched and discharged through a series configuration via triggered spark gaps producing an output voltage of 4.2 MV; (2) this output voltage in turn pulse charges a Blumlein pulse forming line (PFL). The Blumlein PFL consists of three coaxial cylinders, 3.2 m, 2.0 m and 1.0 m in diameter. The output of the PFL is a 40 ns long 5.3 MV electrical pulse driving 38 kA into a typical electron beam load; and (3) the X-ray tube has sixteen, 92 mm thick, Lucite sections angled at 45 degrees to the electric field which, with the spacer rings, is 1.55 m long and 1.2 m in diameter. The vacuum housing acts as the outer cylinder of a magnetically insulated coaxial transmission line (MITL). The central conductor of this MITL supports the cathode stalk, and forms a line having an impedance of 190 ohms.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"54 1","pages":"1003-1006 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82706258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Statistical analysis was applied to a set of filtered X-ray detectors to determine the most probable electron beam potential using the estimated variance of each measured ratio. Although this technique was used for potential measurements at both the Defense Threat Reduction Agency ACE 4 accelerator located at Maxwell Technologies and the NRL HAWK accelerator in Washington, DC, only the HAWK data are shown to illustrate the procedure. A weighting factor for each potential measurement was obtained by combining the estimates of the variances for each X-ray signal measurement used to obtain the ratio. The variance in the measured ratio was weighted by the rate of change of the potential with the specific ratio to make the weighting factor applicable to the potential measurement. The electron beam potential waveform measured by this ratio procedure was compared with the electrical probe measurements of the HAWK beam potential.
{"title":"Application of error analysis in the evaluation of electron beam potentials from the ratio of filtered X-ray detectors","authors":"J. Rauch","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.823586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.823586","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical analysis was applied to a set of filtered X-ray detectors to determine the most probable electron beam potential using the estimated variance of each measured ratio. Although this technique was used for potential measurements at both the Defense Threat Reduction Agency ACE 4 accelerator located at Maxwell Technologies and the NRL HAWK accelerator in Washington, DC, only the HAWK data are shown to illustrate the procedure. A weighting factor for each potential measurement was obtained by combining the estimates of the variances for each X-ray signal measurement used to obtain the ratio. The variance in the measured ratio was weighted by the rate of change of the potential with the specific ratio to make the weighting factor applicable to the potential measurement. The electron beam potential waveform measured by this ratio procedure was compared with the electrical probe measurements of the HAWK beam potential.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"35 1","pages":"612-614 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90481401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes a high voltage pulsed power system for a plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) experiment. The pulsed power supply consists of a high voltage pulse generator that uses a hard tube switch. The reason for using this type of circuit category in the PIII facility rather than a previously used pulse-forming network (PFN) circuit configuration is stated. The experimental results of the application of this device to a glow discharge PIII are also discussed. In order to assess these results, a simple electrical model describes the plasma as a resistive load in parallel. With a capacitance taking into account the pulse rise-time distortion caused by a long coaxial feeding cable. Plasma parameters for PIII processing, such as implantation ion average current and plasma sheath thickness, are calculated from the experimental results.
{"title":"A hard tube type pulse generator for plasma immersion ion implantation","authors":"J. O. Rossi, M. Ueda, V. Spassov, J. Barroso","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.823808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.823808","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a high voltage pulsed power system for a plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) experiment. The pulsed power supply consists of a high voltage pulse generator that uses a hard tube switch. The reason for using this type of circuit category in the PIII facility rather than a previously used pulse-forming network (PFN) circuit configuration is stated. The experimental results of the application of this device to a glow discharge PIII are also discussed. In order to assess these results, a simple electrical model describes the plasma as a resistive load in parallel. With a capacitance taking into account the pulse rise-time distortion caused by a long coaxial feeding cable. Plasma parameters for PIII processing, such as implantation ion average current and plasma sheath thickness, are calculated from the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1468-1471 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90508092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Grothaus, M. Khair, P. Paul, E. R. Fanick, D. Bannon
A prototype reactor and diesel exhaust testbed have been assembled to investigate the compatibility and performance of specially developed lean NO/sub x/ catalyst formulations in the presence of a nonthermal plasma as a function of reactor input energy density and specific exhaust conditions. The relative performance of three catalyst formulations acting both alone and in concert with the nonthermal plasma are being compared in preparation for a downselect to the most promising candidate. This formulation will be the subject of subsequent refinement and development. Preliminary results indicate that true synergy does in fact exist between these two aftertreatment approaches.
{"title":"A synergistic approach for the removal of NO/sub x/ and PM from diesel engine exhaust","authors":"M. Grothaus, M. Khair, P. Paul, E. R. Fanick, D. Bannon","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.825521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.825521","url":null,"abstract":"A prototype reactor and diesel exhaust testbed have been assembled to investigate the compatibility and performance of specially developed lean NO/sub x/ catalyst formulations in the presence of a nonthermal plasma as a function of reactor input energy density and specific exhaust conditions. The relative performance of three catalyst formulations acting both alone and in concert with the nonthermal plasma are being compared in preparation for a downselect to the most promising candidate. This formulation will be the subject of subsequent refinement and development. Preliminary results indicate that true synergy does in fact exist between these two aftertreatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"1 1","pages":"506-510 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83160753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. A. Tuema, S. Macgregor, R. Fouracre, P. Winstanley, D. J. Fulker
This investigation is concerned with the emission properties of pulsed electrical discharges propagating across the surfaces of PET, PP, PTFE, UPVC and PVDF in various gases. The effect of the interaction between the pulsed discharge and the substrate material has been investigated. The optical spectra from the discharges have been recorded over the 200-500 nm range. The cover gases were air, argon and SF/sub 6/ at pressures in the range 0.1-1 bar. In comparison to other gases, SF/sub 6/ was found to produce the most intense continuum and line: emission within the 200-300 nm spectral region. The substrate material was found to affect both the intensity of continuum spectra and the constituency of discrete line spectra. For example, when PTFE was employed, the continuum spectra radiated from the discharge were more intense compared with those of the other materials. In contrast, the use of PVC resulted in a considerable modification to the composition of discrete line spectra.
{"title":"The spectral properties of UV radiation from pulsed surface discharges","authors":"F. A. Tuema, S. Macgregor, R. Fouracre, P. Winstanley, D. J. Fulker","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.823714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.823714","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation is concerned with the emission properties of pulsed electrical discharges propagating across the surfaces of PET, PP, PTFE, UPVC and PVDF in various gases. The effect of the interaction between the pulsed discharge and the substrate material has been investigated. The optical spectra from the discharges have been recorded over the 200-500 nm range. The cover gases were air, argon and SF/sub 6/ at pressures in the range 0.1-1 bar. In comparison to other gases, SF/sub 6/ was found to produce the most intense continuum and line: emission within the 200-300 nm spectral region. The substrate material was found to affect both the intensity of continuum spectra and the constituency of discrete line spectra. For example, when PTFE was employed, the continuum spectra radiated from the discharge were more intense compared with those of the other materials. In contrast, the use of PVC resulted in a considerable modification to the composition of discrete line spectra.","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"34 1","pages":"1106-1109 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84200771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previously, the design, fabrication and testing of a pulser with a parabolic reflector antenna, known as the prototype impulse-radiating antenna (IRA) has been presented. The paraboloidal reflector was fed by a TEM structure that in-turn was energized by a /spl plusmn/60 kV, /spl sim/100 atm. hydrogen switch operating in a burst mode at up to 200 Hz. The TEM structure also incorporated an electromagnetic lens to ensure a near-ideal spherical TEM wavelaunch. Some of the measured characteristics of this system were: (a) a peak electric field on boresight of 4.2 kV/m at a range r=305 m; (b) an uncorrected pulse rise-time (10-90%) of 99 ps; and (c) a boresight electric fields FWHM of 130 ps. The radiating system has now been more fully characterized with additional measurements and computations of near field, intermediate and far fields on the boresight. While the far fields from such a radiating system have been known for some time, the intermediate field analysis was only published recently. This method substitutes the radiated field from a paraboloidal reflector by the radiation field from the TEM structure reflected in the parabolic mirror. Although this work is limited to fields on the boresight at any distance from the antenna, the authors have been able to extend the analysis to the frequency domain. It has also been verified that the intermediate fields asymptotically tend to the far-field expressions, as the range r is increased. Good agreement between calculated and measured fields has been obtained for the prototype IRA in the near (r=5 m) and in the far field (r=305 m).
{"title":"Intermediate and far fields of a reflector antenna energized by a hydrogen spark-gap switched pulser","authors":"D. Giri, C. Baum, J. Lehr, W. Prather, R. Torres","doi":"10.1109/PPC.1999.825444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.1999.825444","url":null,"abstract":"Previously, the design, fabrication and testing of a pulser with a parabolic reflector antenna, known as the prototype impulse-radiating antenna (IRA) has been presented. The paraboloidal reflector was fed by a TEM structure that in-turn was energized by a /spl plusmn/60 kV, /spl sim/100 atm. hydrogen switch operating in a burst mode at up to 200 Hz. The TEM structure also incorporated an electromagnetic lens to ensure a near-ideal spherical TEM wavelaunch. Some of the measured characteristics of this system were: (a) a peak electric field on boresight of 4.2 kV/m at a range r=305 m; (b) an uncorrected pulse rise-time (10-90%) of 99 ps; and (c) a boresight electric fields FWHM of 130 ps. The radiating system has now been more fully characterized with additional measurements and computations of near field, intermediate and far fields on the boresight. While the far fields from such a radiating system have been known for some time, the intermediate field analysis was only published recently. This method substitutes the radiated field from a paraboloidal reflector by the radiation field from the TEM structure reflected in the parabolic mirror. Although this work is limited to fields on the boresight at any distance from the antenna, the authors have been able to extend the analysis to the frequency domain. It has also been verified that the intermediate fields asymptotically tend to the far-field expressions, as the range r is increased. Good agreement between calculated and measured fields has been obtained for the prototype IRA in the near (r=5 m) and in the far field (r=305 m).","PeriodicalId":11209,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference. (Cat. No.99CH36358)","volume":"26 1","pages":"190-193 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84515679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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