Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.08
Dr. A. Kusumanjali, Dr. Niveditha Meenuga, Dr. Grace Vandana Jyothi R., Dr. V. Krishna Chaitanya
Background : Head and Neck cancers (HNC) in India make up 25-30 percent of all cancers and are the most common cancer in Indian men and the third most common cancer in women. The aim of this study was to study the demographic profile, sites involved and the histopathological patterns of HNC at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in Department of Otolaryngology, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, SPS Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. The data was collected from the years 2015 to 2018. Only histopathologically confirmed cases of malignancies of Head and Neck were included in the study. Results: A total of 75 cases were included in the study. There were 53 (70.66%) male and 22 (29.33%) female patients. The mean age of male and female patients was 56.45±11.46 and 51.68±9.20 years respectively. The most common sites HNC, in both male and female patients, were found to be larynx (36%) followed by oral cavity (33.33%). It was also observed that squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histopathological variant amongst all the HNC. All the patients in this study had one or more associated risk factors for HNC. Conclusion: There is a spurt of HNC cases in SPS Nellore. It is important to focus on prevention and early detection of HNC and also have a dedicated cancer hospital to cater the needs of the patients.
{"title":"Epidemiology and demographics of head and neck cancers: a hospital based retrospective study in Andhra Pradesh","authors":"Dr. A. Kusumanjali, Dr. Niveditha Meenuga, Dr. Grace Vandana Jyothi R., Dr. V. Krishna Chaitanya","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.08","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Head and Neck cancers (HNC) in India make up 25-30 percent of all cancers and are the most common cancer in Indian men and the third most common cancer in women. The aim of this study was to study the demographic profile, sites involved and the histopathological patterns of HNC at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in Department of Otolaryngology, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, SPS Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. The data was collected from the years 2015 to 2018. Only histopathologically confirmed cases of malignancies of Head and Neck were included in the study. Results: A total of 75 cases were included in the study. There were 53 (70.66%) male and 22 (29.33%) female patients. The mean age of male and female patients was 56.45±11.46 and 51.68±9.20 years respectively. The most common sites HNC, in both male and female patients, were found to be larynx (36%) followed by oral cavity (33.33%). It was also observed that squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histopathological variant amongst all the HNC. All the patients in this study had one or more associated risk factors for HNC. Conclusion: There is a spurt of HNC cases in SPS Nellore. It is important to focus on prevention and early detection of HNC and also have a dedicated cancer hospital to cater the needs of the patients.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124672555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.05
Chethana Warad, Prakash V Suranagi, B. Prasad
Background: Retinopathy of Prematurity is a serious vaso-proliferative disorder that affects premature babies. ROP is a significant cause of childhood blindness unless recognized and treated timely and adequately. Objectives : 1) To determine the magnitude of ROP among premature neonates of less than or equal to 36 weeks of gestational age at SSIMS & RC, NICU. 2) To determine its association with certain risk factors. 3) To assess the response to laser photocoagulation given to babies with prethreshold ROP type1 and threshold ROP and APROP cases. Materials: 1) All premature neonates of either sex less than or equal to 36 weeks of G.A. 2) Birth weight less than or equal to 2000gm. Methods of data Collection: 1) Place of study: SSIMS & RC HOSPITAL, LEVEL3 NICU. 2) Duration of study: 1 st DEC 2012 to 30 th NOV 2013. 3) Sample Size: 110. Results: Out of 110 babies screened for ROP 43 (39.1%) of them showed signs of ROP in one or both eyes. Statistical analysis showed that incidence of ROP increased as gestational age decreased and also as birth weight decreased. Oxygen therapy, apnoea, RDS, anaemia, blood transfusion, sepsis were found to be significant risk factors. Out of 43 cases with ROP, 13 cases were treated by diode laser. Signs of regression were noted in all 13 cases. Conclusion: The prevalence of ROP in this study was 39.1%, indicating that it is quite a significant cause for childhood blindness. Laser treatment has proved that timely intervention can eliminate blindness due to ROP. Laser photocoagulation is an established technique for the treatment of ROP. At present, the standard of care in ROP is the diode red laser indirect ophthalmoscope. Laser indeed has many advantages over cryotherapy like less post treatment pain, adnexal edema, exudative retinal detachment, vitreo retinal traction and vitreous hemorrhage due to reduced break down of the blood retinal barrier. The limitations of the present study were the number of patients included in the study population.
{"title":"Screening and management of retinopathy of prematurity at a tertiary health care centre","authors":"Chethana Warad, Prakash V Suranagi, B. Prasad","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Retinopathy of Prematurity is a serious vaso-proliferative disorder that affects premature babies. ROP is a significant cause of childhood blindness unless recognized and treated timely and adequately. Objectives : 1) To determine the magnitude of ROP among premature neonates of less than or equal to 36 weeks of gestational age at SSIMS & RC, NICU. 2) To determine its association with certain risk factors. 3) To assess the response to laser photocoagulation given to babies with prethreshold ROP type1 and threshold ROP and APROP cases. Materials: 1) All premature neonates of either sex less than or equal to 36 weeks of G.A. 2) Birth weight less than or equal to 2000gm. Methods of data Collection: 1) Place of study: SSIMS & RC HOSPITAL, LEVEL3 NICU. 2) Duration of study: 1 st DEC 2012 to 30 th NOV 2013. 3) Sample Size: 110. Results: Out of 110 babies screened for ROP 43 (39.1%) of them showed signs of ROP in one or both eyes. Statistical analysis showed that incidence of ROP increased as gestational age decreased and also as birth weight decreased. Oxygen therapy, apnoea, RDS, anaemia, blood transfusion, sepsis were found to be significant risk factors. Out of 43 cases with ROP, 13 cases were treated by diode laser. Signs of regression were noted in all 13 cases. Conclusion: The prevalence of ROP in this study was 39.1%, indicating that it is quite a significant cause for childhood blindness. Laser treatment has proved that timely intervention can eliminate blindness due to ROP. Laser photocoagulation is an established technique for the treatment of ROP. At present, the standard of care in ROP is the diode red laser indirect ophthalmoscope. Laser indeed has many advantages over cryotherapy like less post treatment pain, adnexal edema, exudative retinal detachment, vitreo retinal traction and vitreous hemorrhage due to reduced break down of the blood retinal barrier. The limitations of the present study were the number of patients included in the study population.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115500771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.02
Dr. Kayedjohar K. Rathwala
Background and Aim: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a persistent inflammation that causes irreversible changes of the mucosa in the middle ear and mastoid cavity. The present study was conducted at ENT department of Tertiary care institute of Gujarat, India involving 130 patients suffering from chronic otitis media. The study also aimed to compare the microbiological flora of the diseased ear and the nasopharynx. Material and Methods: Present prospective study conducted at department of Otorhinolaryngology Tertiary care institute of Gujarat. Total 130 patients having a clinical diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media were invited to participate in the study and an informed consent was sought. Clinical presentation including complaints related with ear and nose were noted. Bilateral ear examination was done using Valsalva maneuver. Pure tone audiometry was also performed on all the cases to assess the effect on hearing status. The nasopharyngeal swab was collected by a sterile technique to avoid commensal growth. Results: The most common presenting nasal complaint was nasal obstruction, followed by postnasal drip, nasal discharge, sneezing, snoring, headache, around 25% of patients had no nasal symptoms. The comparative study of ear and nasopharyngeal swab showed statistically significant correlation. 80 % of ear swabs and 92% of nasopharyngeal swabs were found to be sterile. Conclusion: Chronic otitis media is a disease with multiple factors and different possible aetiologies. The concept of a relationship between sinonasal and nasopharyngeal pathologies and chronic otitis media has been supported by the present study.
{"title":"Sinonasal and nasopharyngeal pathology in chronic otitis media patients: a prospective study","authors":"Dr. Kayedjohar K. Rathwala","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a persistent inflammation that causes irreversible changes of the mucosa in the middle ear and mastoid cavity. The present study was conducted at ENT department of Tertiary care institute of Gujarat, India involving 130 patients suffering from chronic otitis media. The study also aimed to compare the microbiological flora of the diseased ear and the nasopharynx. Material and Methods: Present prospective study conducted at department of Otorhinolaryngology Tertiary care institute of Gujarat. Total 130 patients having a clinical diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media were invited to participate in the study and an informed consent was sought. Clinical presentation including complaints related with ear and nose were noted. Bilateral ear examination was done using Valsalva maneuver. Pure tone audiometry was also performed on all the cases to assess the effect on hearing status. The nasopharyngeal swab was collected by a sterile technique to avoid commensal growth. Results: The most common presenting nasal complaint was nasal obstruction, followed by postnasal drip, nasal discharge, sneezing, snoring, headache, around 25% of patients had no nasal symptoms. The comparative study of ear and nasopharyngeal swab showed statistically significant correlation. 80 % of ear swabs and 92% of nasopharyngeal swabs were found to be sterile. Conclusion: Chronic otitis media is a disease with multiple factors and different possible aetiologies. The concept of a relationship between sinonasal and nasopharyngeal pathologies and chronic otitis media has been supported by the present study.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121546754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.03
G. N. Reddy, G. Reddy
Introduction: Leprosy or Hansen’s disease is a chronic infectious disease caused by an intracellular rod-shaped acid-fast bacilli Mycobacterium leprae which affects the skin, nasal mucosa, peripheral nerves and the anterior segment of the eye. Mycobacterium leprae was discovered by a Norwegian physician G. Armauer Hansen in the year 1874. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology and inpatient department of Dermatology at Mamatha Medical College and Hospital, Khammam from March 2015-March 2016. In this study a total of 78 patients were taken, 61 males and 17 females of the age group 20 years and above. All diagnosed cases of leprosy. Old and new cases, both genders and age group of 20 years and above. Noncompliant patients, Patients with preexisting ocular disorders due to other causes than leprosy. Results: In the group 'A' there are 21 patients of whom 7 patients (33.3%) showed evidence of ocular involvement. In group 'B' 8 out of 12 patients had eye lesions, thus a greater percentage (66.6%) showed ocular involvement. 39 out of 45 (86.6%) patients of group 'C' showed ocular involvement. Thus, it is found that the greater the duration of the disease, the more are the chance for ocular involvement. Most of the patients had eye lesions when the disease is more than 10 years in duration. Conclusion: Visual impairment is preventable in Leprosy if detected early. The risk of ocular complications increases with the duration of the disease, despite being treated with systemic anti-leprosy drugs.
{"title":"Ocular manifestations of leprosy","authors":"G. N. Reddy, G. Reddy","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Leprosy or Hansen’s disease is a chronic infectious disease caused by an intracellular rod-shaped acid-fast bacilli Mycobacterium leprae which affects the skin, nasal mucosa, peripheral nerves and the anterior segment of the eye. Mycobacterium leprae was discovered by a Norwegian physician G. Armauer Hansen in the year 1874. \u0000Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology and inpatient department of Dermatology at Mamatha Medical College and Hospital, Khammam from March 2015-March 2016. In this study a total of 78 patients were taken, 61 males and 17 females of the age group 20 years and above. All diagnosed cases of leprosy. Old and new cases, both genders and age group of 20 years and above. Noncompliant patients, Patients with preexisting ocular disorders due to other causes than leprosy. \u0000Results: In the group 'A' there are 21 patients of whom 7 patients (33.3%) showed evidence of ocular involvement. In group 'B' 8 out of 12 patients had eye lesions, thus a greater percentage (66.6%) showed ocular involvement. 39 out of 45 (86.6%) patients of group 'C' showed ocular involvement. Thus, it is found that the greater the duration of the disease, the more are the chance for ocular involvement. Most of the patients had eye lesions when the disease is more than 10 years in duration. \u0000Conclusion: Visual impairment is preventable in Leprosy if detected early. The risk of ocular complications increases with the duration of the disease, despite being treated with systemic anti-leprosy drugs.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130206937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.01
Rathnamma Jarmale, Vidhya Mysore Jagadeeshwara
Purpose: To find out the effect of papillae due to allergic conjunctivitis on the tear film break up time (TBUT) and immediate effect of topical carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on TBUT in these patients. Methods: 62 eyes of the 31 patients in the age group of 20-40 years with papillae in the tarsal conjunctiva due to allergic conjunctivitis were subjected to measurement of TBUT. This was followed by application of one drop of 0.5% carboxy methylcellulose eye drop and TBUT was repeated after 5 minutes. Patients not in the 20-40-year age group, presence of any ocular surface disorder, mebomian gland dysfunction and lagophthalmos were excluded from the study. Results: 31 patients (62 eyes) were included in the study. TBUT was less than 15secs in 47 eyes (75.80%) and more than 15sec in 15eyes (24.19%). TBUT improved after application of topical CMC in 23 eyes (37.09%) and reduced in 21 eyes (33.87%) and remained the same in 18 eyes (29.56%). Percentage of patients who showed improvement in TBUT who had less than normal TBUT was 40.42%. Percentage of patients who showed reduction in TBUT with normal TBUT was 66.66%. Conclusion: TBUT is less than normal in around two third of the patients with allergic papillary conjunctivitis. Immediate effect of topical CMC showed no significant changes in the TBUT. Topical CMC drops showed better improvement in TBUT in patients with initial reduced TBUT rather than in patients with normal initial TBUT.
{"title":"Tear Film Break up time (TBUT) in allergic papillary conjunctivitis and immediate effect of carboxy methylcellulose on TBUT","authors":"Rathnamma Jarmale, Vidhya Mysore Jagadeeshwara","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.01","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To find out the effect of papillae due to allergic conjunctivitis on the tear film break up time (TBUT) and immediate effect of topical carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on TBUT in these patients. Methods: 62 eyes of the 31 patients in the age group of 20-40 years with papillae in the tarsal conjunctiva due to allergic conjunctivitis were subjected to measurement of TBUT. This was followed by application of one drop of 0.5% carboxy methylcellulose eye drop and TBUT was repeated after 5 minutes. Patients not in the 20-40-year age group, presence of any ocular surface disorder, mebomian gland dysfunction and lagophthalmos were excluded from the study. Results: 31 patients (62 eyes) were included in the study. TBUT was less than 15secs in 47 eyes (75.80%) and more than 15sec in 15eyes (24.19%). TBUT improved after application of topical CMC in 23 eyes (37.09%) and reduced in 21 eyes (33.87%) and remained the same in 18 eyes (29.56%). Percentage of patients who showed improvement in TBUT who had less than normal TBUT was 40.42%. Percentage of patients who showed reduction in TBUT with normal TBUT was 66.66%. Conclusion: TBUT is less than normal in around two third of the patients with allergic papillary conjunctivitis. Immediate effect of topical CMC showed no significant changes in the TBUT. Topical CMC drops showed better improvement in TBUT in patients with initial reduced TBUT rather than in patients with normal initial TBUT.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124533338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.04
Nupur Sharma, N. Jat, Priti Singh, Kavita Kumar
Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab compared with bevacizumab for the treatment of macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods: This was a retrospective study of 64 eyes with macular edema associated with RVO. Patients received either 1.25 mg of intravitreal bevacizumab (n = 32) or 0.5 mg of intravitreal ranibizumab (n = 32). Visual acuity, clinical bio-microscopic examination and central macular thickness (CMT) by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) was assessed at 6 weeks post injection. The CMT before and six weeks after the injection as assessed by OCT were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using paired student t-test. The improvement in CMT was also compared between the two groups, statistical analysis was performed using un-paired student t-test. Results: The best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved from logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) 0.792 ±0.36 at baseline to 0.575 ± 0.34 at 6 weeks in the bevacizumab group (p =0.001) and from logMAR 0.851 ± 0.35 at baseline to 0.336 ± 0.20 at 6 weeks in the ranibizumab group (p = 0.001), which is statistically significant difference. The reduction in CMT was from 545.44 ± 176.43 μm at baseline to 378.34 ±95.13 at 6 weeks in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.001) and 524.25± 195.94 μm at baseline to 243±80.72 μm at 6 weeks in the ranibizumab group (p=0.001) which was also a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Both ranibizumab and bevacizumab were effective for the treatment of RVO. The visual outcome and reduction in macular thickness was better by ranibizumab at the earliest follow-up of 6 weeks.
{"title":"Comparison of ranibizumab and bevacizumab for macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion","authors":"Nupur Sharma, N. Jat, Priti Singh, Kavita Kumar","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i07.04","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab compared with bevacizumab for the treatment of macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods: This was a retrospective study of 64 eyes with macular edema associated with RVO. Patients received either 1.25 mg of intravitreal bevacizumab (n = 32) or 0.5 mg of intravitreal ranibizumab (n = 32). Visual acuity, clinical bio-microscopic examination and central macular thickness (CMT) by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) was assessed at 6 weeks post injection. The CMT before and six weeks after the injection as assessed by OCT were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using paired student t-test. The improvement in CMT was also compared between the two groups, statistical analysis was performed using un-paired student t-test. Results: The best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved from logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) 0.792 ±0.36 at baseline to 0.575 ± 0.34 at 6 weeks in the bevacizumab group (p =0.001) and from logMAR 0.851 ± 0.35 at baseline to 0.336 ± 0.20 at 6 weeks in the ranibizumab group (p = 0.001), which is statistically significant difference. The reduction in CMT was from 545.44 ± 176.43 μm at baseline to 378.34 ±95.13 at 6 weeks in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.001) and 524.25± 195.94 μm at baseline to 243±80.72 μm at 6 weeks in the ranibizumab group (p=0.001) which was also a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Both ranibizumab and bevacizumab were effective for the treatment of RVO. The visual outcome and reduction in macular thickness was better by ranibizumab at the earliest follow-up of 6 weeks.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121648500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.02
Priyanka Chandrakant Choudhari, Vishaka Naik, T. Raiturcar, U. Usgaonkar
The aim of the present study was to report a rare case of orbital myiasis. Myiasis is the invasion of living animal tissue by a fly larvae (maggots). Larvae lay eggs which develop into future larvae and increase the destruction of tissues. Orbital involvement occurs in 5% of all cases of myiasis. It is common in tropical countries with low standards of hygiene. The patient 70-year-old male was admitted to the hospital GMC, Bambolim, Goa on 6 th of February 2019 with pain and bleeding from his right eye for last 8 days with necrotized orbital tissue with several attached larvae. Patient underwent orbital wound tissue debridement and 82 larvae were removed and kept in turpentine solution; thorough saline wash was given. Systemic analgesics and antibiotics were given and as wound showed signs of healing on day 5 of admission patient was discharged. Infestations of orbital and ocular tissue by a fly larvae (Ophthalmo-myiasis) progresses rapidly and can completely destroy orbital tissue within days, most commonly seen in old debilitated patients with psychiatric illness and most commonly associated with eyelid tumors and should be treated promptly. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
{"title":"A case report: orbital myiasis","authors":"Priyanka Chandrakant Choudhari, Vishaka Naik, T. Raiturcar, U. Usgaonkar","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.02","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to report a rare case of orbital myiasis. Myiasis is the invasion of living animal tissue by a fly larvae (maggots). Larvae lay eggs which develop into future larvae and increase the destruction of tissues. Orbital involvement occurs in 5% of all cases of myiasis. It is common in tropical countries with low standards of hygiene. The patient 70-year-old male was admitted to the hospital GMC, Bambolim, Goa on 6 th of February 2019 with pain and bleeding from his right eye for last 8 days with necrotized orbital tissue with several attached larvae. Patient underwent orbital wound tissue debridement and 82 larvae were removed and kept in turpentine solution; thorough saline wash was given. Systemic analgesics and antibiotics were given and as wound showed signs of healing on day 5 of admission patient was discharged. Infestations of orbital and ocular tissue by a fly larvae (Ophthalmo-myiasis) progresses rapidly and can completely destroy orbital tissue within days, most commonly seen in old debilitated patients with psychiatric illness and most commonly associated with eyelid tumors and should be treated promptly. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121564084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual outcome and central macular thickness (CMT) after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab followed by focal laser for the treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). Patients and methods: This is a prospective, observational study. A total of 30 eyes of 30 patients with Diabetic macular edema were included in this study. The following data were recorded at baseline and during the follow-up periods (≤6 months): bestcorrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, CMT and intraocular pressure measurement by applanation tonometry. All eyes received intravitreal bevacizumab at a dose of 1.25 mg in 0.05 ml followed by focal laser after 2 weeks. Results: This study included 30 eyes of 30 patients, the mean age of the patient 59.4±8.5 years. There were 19 males and 11 females. The mean baseline BCVA in LogMAR was 0.78±0.23, and the final mean BCVA at 6 months had improved to 0.45±0.20. Significant improvement was seen in all the patients over the study period (p<0.001). Mean CMT at baseline was 485±122 μm, which decreased to a mean of 321±82μm at the end of the follow-up period (6 months). Conclusion: Primary treatment for DME with intravitreal bevacizumab followed by focal laser results in improvement of vision and reduces CMT. Combined therapy seems to be an effective modality for treatment of DME.
{"title":"Visual outcomes following intravitreal bevacizumab and focal laser in diabetic macular edema","authors":"Nupur Sharma, Priti Singh, Neha Singh, Kavita Kumar","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.07","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual outcome and central macular thickness (CMT) after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab followed by focal laser for the treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). Patients and methods: This is a prospective, observational study. A total of 30 eyes of 30 patients with Diabetic macular edema were included in this study. The following data were recorded at baseline and during the follow-up periods (≤6 months): bestcorrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, CMT and intraocular pressure measurement by applanation tonometry. All eyes received intravitreal bevacizumab at a dose of 1.25 mg in 0.05 ml followed by focal laser after 2 weeks. Results: This study included 30 eyes of 30 patients, the mean age of the patient 59.4±8.5 years. There were 19 males and 11 females. The mean baseline BCVA in LogMAR was 0.78±0.23, and the final mean BCVA at 6 months had improved to 0.45±0.20. Significant improvement was seen in all the patients over the study period (p<0.001). Mean CMT at baseline was 485±122 μm, which decreased to a mean of 321±82μm at the end of the follow-up period (6 months). Conclusion: Primary treatment for DME with intravitreal bevacizumab followed by focal laser results in improvement of vision and reduces CMT. Combined therapy seems to be an effective modality for treatment of DME.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129371675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.03
B. Gagal, Kavita Parekh
Background and Aim: Stereopsis represents the highest grade of Binocular Single Vision wherein two dissimilar images of the same object are formed, simultaneously, at the maculae of the two eyes, and these images are then processed in the visual cortex to produce a single fused image, whose location in space can be perceived. Material and Methods: Present Randomized, Prospective, Comparative, study was performed at Department of Ophthalmology Bharati Hospital & Research Centre, Pune. Two thousand subjects were divided into two groups, they were divided into 2 groups using randomized table. Group 1 was subjected to binocular induced astigmatism. Group 2 was subjected to monocular induced astigmatism. Binocular Induced Astigmatism was induced in two groups, (500 participants in each group) either Myopic Astigmatism or Hypermetropic Astigmatism, similarly Monocular was further subdivided in to two groups (500 participants in each group): Myopic Astigmatism and Hypermetropic Astigmatism. Results: With both +1 Dcyl & +2 Dcyl binocular induced myopic astigmatism, stereoacuity was affected maximum at 45 and least affected at 180. With both -1 Dcyl & -2 Dcyl binocular induced hypermetropic astigmatism, stereoacuity was affected maximum at 45 and least affected at 180. Stereoacuity in binocular induced hypermetropic astigmatism was more affected than binocular induced myopic astigmatism. Stereoauity was grossly affected in both monocular myopic and hypermetropic astigmatism. With the rule astigmatism had remarkable difference in stereoacuity in both myopic and hypermetropic induced astigmatism of 1 and 2 diopters cylinders. Stereoacuity was more affected in hypermetropic group. Conclusion: Stereoacuity is most affected at oblique axis (450). There is gross reduction in stereoacuity in induced monocular astigmatism than binocular astigmatism. Both myopic and hypermetropic against the rule astigmatism has comparable deterioration of stereoacuity.
{"title":"Correlation between stereoacuity and induced astigmatism: a prospective study","authors":"B. Gagal, Kavita Parekh","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Stereopsis represents the highest grade of Binocular Single Vision wherein two dissimilar images of the same object are formed, simultaneously, at the maculae of the two eyes, and these images are then processed in the visual cortex to produce a single fused image, whose location in space can be perceived. Material and Methods: Present Randomized, Prospective, Comparative, study was performed at Department of Ophthalmology Bharati Hospital & Research Centre, Pune. Two thousand subjects were divided into two groups, they were divided into 2 groups using randomized table. Group 1 was subjected to binocular induced astigmatism. Group 2 was subjected to monocular induced astigmatism. Binocular Induced Astigmatism was induced in two groups, (500 participants in each group) either Myopic Astigmatism or Hypermetropic Astigmatism, similarly Monocular was further subdivided in to two groups (500 participants in each group): Myopic Astigmatism and Hypermetropic Astigmatism. Results: With both +1 Dcyl & +2 Dcyl binocular induced myopic astigmatism, stereoacuity was affected maximum at 45 and least affected at 180. With both -1 Dcyl & -2 Dcyl binocular induced hypermetropic astigmatism, stereoacuity was affected maximum at 45 and least affected at 180. Stereoacuity in binocular induced hypermetropic astigmatism was more affected than binocular induced myopic astigmatism. Stereoauity was grossly affected in both monocular myopic and hypermetropic astigmatism. With the rule astigmatism had remarkable difference in stereoacuity in both myopic and hypermetropic induced astigmatism of 1 and 2 diopters cylinders. Stereoacuity was more affected in hypermetropic group. Conclusion: Stereoacuity is most affected at oblique axis (450). There is gross reduction in stereoacuity in induced monocular astigmatism than binocular astigmatism. Both myopic and hypermetropic against the rule astigmatism has comparable deterioration of stereoacuity.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116910236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.06
Dr. J. Samuel Cornelius Gnanadurai, Dr. S. Vimala Karunanidhi, Dr. Balaji Ramraj, Dr. M. Sathish Kumar, Dr. S.V. Swamyraj
Aim: To study the relationship between Intra ocular pressure and refractive errors (myopia and hypermetropia) and assess glaucoma risk in middle aged adults and compare with a normal emmetropic population of same age group. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 150 patients between the age of 30-50 years attending ophthalmology outpatient department of SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre for a period of 6months. They were categorized into five groups as Emmetropia (+0.5D to -0.5D), Hypermetropia(>+0.5D), Low Myopia (-0.75D to< -3D), Moderate Myopia (-3D to -6D) and High Myopia (>-6D). Intraocular pressure will be measured with Goldmann applanation tonometer three times at one weekly interval and the average value will be taken. Results: The intra ocular pressure in moderate and high myopia was found to be higher compared to emmetropic, hypermetropic and low myopic patients which was statistically significant (P value-0.0001). In all the refractive error groups, the intra ocular pressure was higher in the 40-50 years age group compared to the 30-39 years age group. There was no statistically significant difference between Intra ocular pressure in the right eye and left eye and between the sexes in all the refractive error groups. Conclusion: The intra ocular pressure was higher in moderate and high myopia and in the 40-50 years age group. This confirms that intra ocular pressure increases with advancing age. Patients with moderate and high myopia have increased risk of developing Glaucoma. Therefore, it would be advisable to routinely check intra ocular pressure for myopes.
{"title":"Study of intraocular pressure and glaucoma risk in myopes and hypermetropes in middle aged adults","authors":"Dr. J. Samuel Cornelius Gnanadurai, Dr. S. Vimala Karunanidhi, Dr. Balaji Ramraj, Dr. M. Sathish Kumar, Dr. S.V. Swamyraj","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.06","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To study the relationship between Intra ocular pressure and refractive errors (myopia and hypermetropia) and assess glaucoma risk in middle aged adults and compare with a normal emmetropic population of same age group. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 150 patients between the age of 30-50 years attending ophthalmology outpatient department of SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre for a period of 6months. They were categorized into five groups as Emmetropia (+0.5D to -0.5D), Hypermetropia(>+0.5D), Low Myopia (-0.75D to< -3D), Moderate Myopia (-3D to -6D) and High Myopia (>-6D). Intraocular pressure will be measured with Goldmann applanation tonometer three times at one weekly interval and the average value will be taken. Results: The intra ocular pressure in moderate and high myopia was found to be higher compared to emmetropic, hypermetropic and low myopic patients which was statistically significant (P value-0.0001). In all the refractive error groups, the intra ocular pressure was higher in the 40-50 years age group compared to the 30-39 years age group. There was no statistically significant difference between Intra ocular pressure in the right eye and left eye and between the sexes in all the refractive error groups. Conclusion: The intra ocular pressure was higher in moderate and high myopia and in the 40-50 years age group. This confirms that intra ocular pressure increases with advancing age. Patients with moderate and high myopia have increased risk of developing Glaucoma. Therefore, it would be advisable to routinely check intra ocular pressure for myopes.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134362128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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