Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.01
K. Sudhakar, Nitish Agarwal, Iachika Sethi, Junior Resident
Introduction: Tympanic membrane perforations caused by chronic suppurative otitis media are very frequent. Tympanoplasty is a general surgical practice for the repair of TM perforation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hearing outcomes following type I tympanoplasty using temporalis fascia as a graft. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of ENT. A total of n=65 patients n=35 male and n=30 female were selected. All the cases underwent tympanoplasty through post aural technique using harvested temporalis fascia as the autograft material by underlay approach. The external auditory meatus was then packed with soframycin pack. Sutures and soframycin pack was taken out on the 7 day of operation. Steroid nasal spray for 2 months along with antibiotics and decongestants which were advise for 2 weeks. The patients were followed at the one-month interval for 3 months than at 6 months. Results: The prevailing perforations were (less than 50% of the TM) found in n=29 (44.61%) of the patients followed by medium size perforations n=21 (32.30%) and large perforations were found in n=15 (23.07%). The overall success rate of the graft was n=61 (93.84%) patients out of n=65 patients and the graft uptake was found in n=63(96.92%) of the patients. The overall improvement of hearing recorded the mean preoperative air-bone conduction in male prior to the operation was 23.5±3.2 dB and mean postoperative AB gap after 3 months was 8.61±1.7 dB and the gain was 14.89±1.50 similarly in females the mean preoperative AB conduction was 22.1±2.8 dB and mean postoperative AB conduction was 6.72±1.39 the gain was 10.60±1.41. Conclusion: Type I tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia is reasonably successful for the treatment of central perforations with dry ears. The audiological outcomes in the form of hearing improvements were noticed in almost all of the patients.
{"title":"A clinical study of audiological outcome following type I tympanoplasty using temporalis fascia as graft","authors":"K. Sudhakar, Nitish Agarwal, Iachika Sethi, Junior Resident","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tympanic membrane perforations caused by chronic suppurative otitis media are very frequent. Tympanoplasty is a general surgical practice for the repair of TM perforation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hearing outcomes following type I tympanoplasty using temporalis fascia as a graft. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of ENT. A total of n=65 patients n=35 male and n=30 female were selected. All the cases underwent tympanoplasty through post aural technique using harvested temporalis fascia as the autograft material by underlay approach. The external auditory meatus was then packed with soframycin pack. Sutures and soframycin pack was taken out on the 7 day of operation. Steroid nasal spray for 2 months along with antibiotics and decongestants which were advise for 2 weeks. The patients were followed at the one-month interval for 3 months than at 6 months. Results: The prevailing perforations were (less than 50% of the TM) found in n=29 (44.61%) of the patients followed by medium size perforations n=21 (32.30%) and large perforations were found in n=15 (23.07%). The overall success rate of the graft was n=61 (93.84%) patients out of n=65 patients and the graft uptake was found in n=63(96.92%) of the patients. The overall improvement of hearing recorded the mean preoperative air-bone conduction in male prior to the operation was 23.5±3.2 dB and mean postoperative AB gap after 3 months was 8.61±1.7 dB and the gain was 14.89±1.50 similarly in females the mean preoperative AB conduction was 22.1±2.8 dB and mean postoperative AB conduction was 6.72±1.39 the gain was 10.60±1.41. Conclusion: Type I tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia is reasonably successful for the treatment of central perforations with dry ears. The audiological outcomes in the form of hearing improvements were noticed in almost all of the patients.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123235997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.17511/JOOO.2019.I06.04
A. Dayanand, Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India Professor, Minu Madeswaran, S. Palaninathan, Tamilnadu India Resident
PURPOSE: To analyse the clinical profile of hoarseness of voice and to find out the common etiological factors and associated pre disposing factors. METHODS : 100 patients with hoarseness of voice were selected for the study based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A thorough clinical history along with examination with indirect and video laryngoscopy, if necessary with direct laryngoscopy with /without biopsy were performed. Histo-pathological examination was performed for the needful. DISCUSSION: In our present study incidence of hoarseness voice was 0.27 % of total ENT cases. Maximum number of cases (31%) were in the age group of 41-50 years, among males common age groups was 41-50 years and among females is 31-40 years of age group. Hoarseness was commonly found in labourer class (48%). Both among males and females this was commonest group. Lower socio economic group was commonly noted among patients (40.00%), also both in males and females. Majority patients were from rural area (59%). Smoking was commonly encountered substance abuse among males (30.00%) and no substance abuse among females. Along with hoarseness (100%) other symptom with which patient presented were dysphagia (25%), neck swelling (14%), dry cough (10%), foreign body sensation in throat (10%), stridor (5%) and Hemoptysis (5%). Maximum number of patients presented with hoarseness of voice with duration of <1 month. On indirect laryngoscopic examination commonest finding was ulcero proliferative growth (33.33%).Indirect laryngoscopic examination done in 97% and video laryngoscopic examination in 41%. Among 73% patients of histo-pathological studies, commonest finding was squamous cell carcinoma (45.2%). Laryngeal malignancy was the commonest cause of hoarseness of voice (33%) and males were commonly affected. Smoking was noted in all male patients with malignancy (80%), along with alcohol consumption in 70% and chewing tobacco preparation in 65% of cases. Vocal cord nodules were found in 22% of patient and was the second most common disease with male to female ratio 1:2. Vocal cord palsy was found in 15% of cases and was common in females (29%). Chronic laryngitis and GERD was found in 10% and was found in 23% among males and 18% among females, with male to female ratio 1:1. Tuberculosis was found in 8%, all cases were males, with pulmonary tuberculosis. Vocal cord papilloma presented in 5% of cases and females were commonly affected (66%) with male to female ration 1:2. Vocal fold polyp was found in 3% of cases, each one in male (33%) and two in female (67%). Vocal cord cyst was presented in 2% of cases. Two cases (2%) presented with laryngeal trauma. CONCLUSION: Thus from this study, we conclude that, the symptom of hoarseness of voice should never be ignored as it is the most common symptom in laryngeal malignancy. Any patient with hoarseness should be thoroughly investigated to rule out malignant conditions and conditions that might cause respirato
{"title":"A clinical study on etiopathogenesis of hoarseness of voice","authors":"A. Dayanand, Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India Professor, Minu Madeswaran, S. Palaninathan, Tamilnadu India Resident","doi":"10.17511/JOOO.2019.I06.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/JOOO.2019.I06.04","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: \u0000To analyse the clinical profile of hoarseness of voice and to find out the common etiological factors and associated pre disposing factors. \u0000METHODS : \u0000100 patients with hoarseness of voice were selected for the study based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A thorough clinical history along with examination with indirect and video laryngoscopy, if necessary with direct \u0000laryngoscopy with /without biopsy were performed. Histo-pathological examination was performed for the needful. \u0000DISCUSSION: \u0000In our present study incidence of hoarseness voice was 0.27 % of total ENT cases. Maximum number of cases (31%) were in the age group of 41-50 years, among males common age groups was 41-50 years and among females is 31-40 years of age \u0000group. \u0000Hoarseness was commonly found in labourer class (48%). Both among males and females this was commonest group. Lower socio economic group was commonly noted among patients (40.00%), also both in males and females. \u0000Majority patients were from rural area (59%). Smoking was commonly encountered substance abuse among males (30.00%) and no substance abuse among females. \u0000Along with hoarseness (100%) other symptom with which patient presented were dysphagia (25%), neck swelling (14%), dry cough (10%), foreign body sensation in throat (10%), stridor (5%) and Hemoptysis (5%). \u0000Maximum number of patients presented with hoarseness of voice with duration of <1 month. On indirect laryngoscopic examination commonest finding was ulcero proliferative growth (33.33%).Indirect laryngoscopic examination done in 97% and video laryngoscopic examination in 41%. \u0000Among 73% patients of histo-pathological studies, commonest finding was squamous cell carcinoma (45.2%). Laryngeal malignancy was the commonest cause of hoarseness of voice (33%) and males were commonly affected. Smoking was noted in all male patients with malignancy (80%), along with alcohol consumption in 70% and chewing tobacco preparation in 65% of cases. \u0000Vocal cord nodules were found in 22% of patient and was the second most common disease with male to female ratio 1:2. Vocal cord palsy was found in 15% of cases and was common in females (29%). Chronic laryngitis and GERD was found in 10% and was found in 23% among males and 18% among females, with male to female ratio 1:1. \u0000Tuberculosis was found in 8%, all cases were males, with pulmonary tuberculosis. Vocal cord papilloma presented in 5% of cases and females were commonly affected (66%) with male to female ration 1:2. \u0000Vocal fold polyp was found in 3% of cases, each one in male (33%) and two in female (67%). Vocal cord cyst was presented in 2% of cases. Two cases (2%) presented with laryngeal trauma. \u0000CONCLUSION: \u0000Thus from this study, we conclude that, the symptom of hoarseness of voice should never be ignored as it is the most common symptom in laryngeal malignancy. Any patient with hoarseness should be thoroughly investigated to rule out malignant conditions and conditions that might cause respirato","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"37 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131575391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.05
A. Dayananad, B. Harshavardhan, J. Dheebika, S. Palaninathan
Background: The aim of this analytical study is to compare the hearing improvement in type I Tympanoplasty between Temporalis Fascia used alone and temporalis Fascia with cartilage as graft material. Material and Methods: The study was done in ENT department at PSGIMSR, from October 2016 to July 2018. A total of 21,453 cases attended the ENT Outpatient department during the study period. Out of these, 75 cases with dry perforation of the tympanic membrane were chosen for the study. Patients were selected in random, excluding ear discharge, Attico-antral disease, and complications of chronic otitis media. Results: In the study population, disease afflicting the nose and throat were also ruled out. Detailed evaluation of each case was done comprising of history taking, clinical examination, investigations including pure tone audiometry. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A consist of 50 patients underwent type I Tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia alone. Group B consist of 25 patients underwent type I Tympanoplasty with combined Temporalis Fascia & Conchal Cartilage. Post-operative hearing improvement measured by Audiometry is compared among the two groups and found that small perforations had best improvement with Temporalis Fascia graft, large and subtotal perforation had good improvement in postoperative hearing with combined Temporalis Fascia and Conchal Cartilage graft. Conclusion: Mean hearing improvement in Group A with temporalis graft was 12.98 dB (better) than Group B, with Temporalis Fascia & Cochal Cartilage graft mean hearing improvement was 8.96 dB.
{"title":"Study on temporalis fascia graft versus temporalis fascia with cartilage graft","authors":"A. Dayananad, B. Harshavardhan, J. Dheebika, S. Palaninathan","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i06.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this analytical study is to compare the hearing improvement in type I Tympanoplasty between Temporalis Fascia used alone and temporalis Fascia with cartilage as graft material. Material and Methods: The study was done in ENT department at PSGIMSR, from October 2016 to July 2018. A total of 21,453 cases attended the ENT Outpatient department during the study period. Out of these, 75 cases with dry perforation of the tympanic membrane were chosen for the study. Patients were selected in random, excluding ear discharge, Attico-antral disease, and complications of chronic otitis media. Results: In the study population, disease afflicting the nose and throat were also ruled out. Detailed evaluation of each case was done comprising of history taking, clinical examination, investigations including pure tone audiometry. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A consist of 50 patients underwent type I Tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia alone. Group B consist of 25 patients underwent type I Tympanoplasty with combined Temporalis Fascia & Conchal Cartilage. Post-operative hearing improvement measured by Audiometry is compared among the two groups and found that small perforations had best improvement with Temporalis Fascia graft, large and subtotal perforation had good improvement in postoperative hearing with combined Temporalis Fascia and Conchal Cartilage graft. Conclusion: Mean hearing improvement in Group A with temporalis graft was 12.98 dB (better) than Group B, with Temporalis Fascia & Cochal Cartilage graft mean hearing improvement was 8.96 dB.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126765398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.03
S. Govindaraj, Ganeshbala Arivazhagan, M. S. Lakshmi, S. Jayendiran
Background: Chronic tonsillitis is most common condition which affects school going children. Improper use of antibiotic among the common population has led to many drug resistant organisms; therefore, it is necessary to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern before treating the patient with Chronic tonsillitis. Aim of the study is to determine whether fine-needle aspiration of tonsil, gives a representative picture of deep tonsil flora in chronic tonsillitis, as assessed by subsequent culture from the core of the resected tonsils, and to compare the findings of fine needle tonsils aspiration, with findings from a routine superficial tonsil surface swab. Methods: Study conducted at ENT department of Vinayaka mission medical college, Karaikal, Pondicherry over a period of 1year (June 2018 to May 2019). 77 patients were operated for chronic tonsillitis were included in the study. 3 swabs were collected from surface of tonsil. Tonsil aspiration was done using a 10-mL syringe with an18-gauge needle and swab from core of tonsil was collected for culture and sensitivity. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard methods and antibiotic susceptibility testing were done. Results: Group B hemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonae and Staphlococcus aueus were the predominant microbes isolated in the aspirate and tonsil core tissue in outpatient population. Whereas Alpha hemolytic streptoccus and Group B hemolytic streptococcus were predominantly seen in tonsillar surface. Conclusions: Tonsil fine needle aspiration helps in diagnosis of Chronic tonsillitis and culture based antibiotic therapy. Due to which Tonsillectomy procedures can be avoided in Chronic tonsillitis patients.
{"title":"A comparative microbiological study of surface, aspirate and core tonsillar flora in chronic tonsillitis","authors":"S. Govindaraj, Ganeshbala Arivazhagan, M. S. Lakshmi, S. Jayendiran","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic tonsillitis is most common condition which affects school going children. Improper use of antibiotic among the common population has led to many drug resistant organisms; therefore, it is necessary to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern before treating the patient with Chronic tonsillitis. Aim of the study is to determine whether fine-needle aspiration of tonsil, gives a representative picture of deep tonsil flora in chronic tonsillitis, as assessed by subsequent culture from the core of the resected tonsils, and to compare the findings of fine needle tonsils aspiration, with findings from a routine superficial tonsil surface swab. Methods: Study conducted at ENT department of Vinayaka mission medical college, Karaikal, Pondicherry over a period of 1year (June 2018 to May 2019). 77 patients were operated for chronic tonsillitis were included in the study. 3 swabs were collected from surface of tonsil. Tonsil aspiration was done using a 10-mL syringe with an18-gauge needle and swab from core of tonsil was collected for culture and sensitivity. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard methods and antibiotic susceptibility testing were done. Results: Group B hemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonae and Staphlococcus aueus were the predominant microbes isolated in the aspirate and tonsil core tissue in outpatient population. Whereas Alpha hemolytic streptoccus and Group B hemolytic streptococcus were predominantly seen in tonsillar surface. Conclusions: Tonsil fine needle aspiration helps in diagnosis of Chronic tonsillitis and culture based antibiotic therapy. Due to which Tonsillectomy procedures can be avoided in Chronic tonsillitis patients.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127902182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.01
Anjali Sharma, Hemlata R. Yadav
Aim: To compare macular parameters using Cirrus optical coherence tomography (OCT) in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with the normal subjects. Materials and Methods: This observational case control study included primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients (n = 184 eyes) and healthy subjects in the control group (n = 184 eyes). All subjects underwent detailed history, complete ocular examination. Complete ocular examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit lamp examination, intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness, Gonioscopy, and dilated fundus biomicroscopy. Field analysis was done by white on white Humphrey Field Analyzer (Carl Zeiss). Optical coherence tomography imaging of macular area was performed using Cirrus HDOCT. (Cirrus HDOCT MODEL 4000, Carl Zeiss, Meditec Inc. Dublin CA, 94568).In both these groups, parameters analyzed were central macular thickness (CMT), inner inferior macular thicknesses (IIMT), inner superior macular thicknesses (ISMT),inner nasal macular thicknesses (INMT), inner temporal macular thicknesses (ITMT), and central macular volume (CMV). Results: The POAG group had significantly decreased values of CMT, IIMT, ISMT, INMT, ITMT and CMV compared to control group, Thus, macular thickness and volume parameters may be used for making the diagnosis of glaucoma especially in patients with abnormalities of disc. Statistical analysis done using student t-test. SPSS 13.0 software was used to calculate p value. There was statistically significant difference found in all macular parameters between cases and controls. (p=0.001). Conclusion: Macular parameters, such as total macular volume, inner macular thickness and outer macular thickness can be used in addition to RNFL thickness to aid in the diagnosis of early glaucoma using OCT, in certain conditions, where RNFL parameters may be distorted, such as disk abnormalities or peripapillary atrophy macular parameters may be relied upon. Macular thickness parameters showed thinning in diagnosed cases of glaucoma.
目的:比较原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者与正常人的黄斑参数。材料与方法:本观察性病例对照研究包括原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者(n = 184只眼)和对照组(n = 184只眼)。所有受试者均接受详细病史和眼部检查。完整的眼部检查包括最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、裂隙灯检查、眼内压(IOP)、角膜中央厚度、角膜镜检查和眼底生物显微镜检查。现场分析由卡尔蔡司(Carl Zeiss)的白色对白色Humphrey现场分析仪完成。采用Cirrus HDOCT对黄斑区进行光学相干断层成像。Cirrus HDOCT MODEL 4000, Carl Zeiss, Meditec Inc.都柏林CA, 94568)。在这两组中，分析的参数是黄斑中央厚度(CMT)、内下黄斑厚度(IIMT)、内上黄斑厚度(ISMT)、内鼻黄斑厚度(INMT)、内颞黄斑厚度(ITMT)和中央黄斑体积(CMV)。结果:POAG组CMT、IIMT、ISMT、INMT、ITMT和CMV值较对照组明显降低，黄斑厚度和体积参数可用于青光眼的诊断，特别是椎间盘异常患者。统计分析采用学生t检验。采用SPSS 13.0软件计算p值。病例与对照组的所有黄斑参数均有统计学差异。(p = 0.001)。结论:除了RNFL厚度外，黄斑总体积、黄斑内厚度、黄斑外厚度等黄斑参数也可用于OCT对早期青光眼的诊断，在某些情况下，RNFL参数可能会扭曲，如椎间盘异常或乳头周围萎缩，黄斑参数可作为诊断依据。青光眼的黄斑厚度参数显示变薄。
{"title":"Comparison of macular parameters in primary open angle glaucoma patients using cirrus optical coherence tomography","authors":"Anjali Sharma, Hemlata R. Yadav","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.01","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To compare macular parameters using Cirrus optical coherence tomography (OCT) in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with the normal subjects. Materials and Methods: This observational case control study included primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients (n = 184 eyes) and healthy subjects in the control group (n = 184 eyes). All subjects underwent detailed history, complete ocular examination. Complete ocular examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit lamp examination, intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness, Gonioscopy, and dilated fundus biomicroscopy. Field analysis was done by white on white Humphrey Field Analyzer (Carl Zeiss). Optical coherence tomography imaging of macular area was performed using Cirrus HDOCT. (Cirrus HDOCT MODEL 4000, Carl Zeiss, Meditec Inc. Dublin CA, 94568).In both these groups, parameters analyzed were central macular thickness (CMT), inner inferior macular thicknesses (IIMT), inner superior macular thicknesses (ISMT),inner nasal macular thicknesses (INMT), inner temporal macular thicknesses (ITMT), and central macular volume (CMV). Results: The POAG group had significantly decreased values of CMT, IIMT, ISMT, INMT, ITMT and CMV compared to control group, Thus, macular thickness and volume parameters may be used for making the diagnosis of glaucoma especially in patients with abnormalities of disc. Statistical analysis done using student t-test. SPSS 13.0 software was used to calculate p value. There was statistically significant difference found in all macular parameters between cases and controls. (p=0.001). Conclusion: Macular parameters, such as total macular volume, inner macular thickness and outer macular thickness can be used in addition to RNFL thickness to aid in the diagnosis of early glaucoma using OCT, in certain conditions, where RNFL parameters may be distorted, such as disk abnormalities or peripapillary atrophy macular parameters may be relied upon. Macular thickness parameters showed thinning in diagnosed cases of glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115499382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.04
J. S. C. Gnanadurai, S. Karunanidhi, Balaji Ramraj, M. S. Kumar, S. V. Swamyraj
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate hospital-based prevalence of dry eye in post-menopausal women, according to age, symptoms of dry eye and occupation. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 200 post-menopausal women attending ophthalmology out-patient department of SRM Medical College Hospital for 6 months. The diagnosis of dry eye was based on Schirmer’s test. The value of < 5mm is considered severe dry eye, 5 – 8 mm is moderate dry Eye, 9–14 mm is mild dry eye and > 15 mm is normal. The results were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of dry eye in post-menopausal women was 52%. The prevalence of dry eye increases with age from 26.8 % (50-54 years) to 85.7% (>70years). The prevalence of dry eye in patients with symptoms of dry eye was 88% and without symptoms was 30.4%. The Schirmer`s test showed majority of patients had mild dry eye (27.5%) followed by moderate dry eye in 21%. The prevalence of dry eye with outdoor occupation was 64.4% compared to 41.8% for indoors. Conclusion: The prevalence of dry eye in this study was high. Even patients without symptoms of dry eye can have subclinical dry eye. Patients with outdoor occupation had a higher prevalence of dry eye. Simple treatment with artificial tear substitutes can effectively manage mild and moderate dry eye and help post-menopausal women in improving their quality of life. It would be advisable to screen all post-menopausal women for dry eye using a simple Schirmer`s test.
{"title":"Study of dry eye in post-menopausal women","authors":"J. S. C. Gnanadurai, S. Karunanidhi, Balaji Ramraj, M. S. Kumar, S. V. Swamyraj","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.04","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate hospital-based prevalence of dry eye in post-menopausal women, according to age, symptoms of dry eye and occupation. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 200 post-menopausal women attending ophthalmology out-patient department of SRM Medical College Hospital for 6 months. The diagnosis of dry eye was based on Schirmer’s test. The value of < 5mm is considered severe dry eye, 5 – 8 mm is moderate dry Eye, 9–14 mm is mild dry eye and > 15 mm is normal. The results were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of dry eye in post-menopausal women was 52%. The prevalence of dry eye increases with age from 26.8 % (50-54 years) to 85.7% (>70years). The prevalence of dry eye in patients with symptoms of dry eye was 88% and without symptoms was 30.4%. The Schirmer`s test showed majority of patients had mild dry eye (27.5%) followed by moderate dry eye in 21%. The prevalence of dry eye with outdoor occupation was 64.4% compared to 41.8% for indoors. Conclusion: The prevalence of dry eye in this study was high. Even patients without symptoms of dry eye can have subclinical dry eye. Patients with outdoor occupation had a higher prevalence of dry eye. Simple treatment with artificial tear substitutes can effectively manage mild and moderate dry eye and help post-menopausal women in improving their quality of life. It would be advisable to screen all post-menopausal women for dry eye using a simple Schirmer`s test.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120852526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.06
Dr. Chimata Triveni, D. Divya, Dr. N. Lakshmi, D. Sirisha
Background: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is the most common identifiable cause of secondary glaucoma, the prevalence of which varies considerably among different (PXF) ethnicities. Pseudoexfoliation is a genetically inherited condition. The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation increases with age. It is a common condition in the elderly population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of and complications in patients with pseudo-exfoliation. Methods: This is an observational study performed in a sample of 103 patients (112 eyes) with pseudo-exfoliation for one year from October 2017-September-2018. Patients visiting the Ophthalmology department, NRI General Hospital, Chinakakani were enrolled in this study. Detailed evaluation including ophthalmic and general history, slit lamp biomicroscope, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy and detailed eye examination was performed in all patients. Results: A total of 103 patients were analyzed; the major age group was 71-80 (40.78%). Among the Male patients were found to be more (66.02%). Majority of the patients were affected unilaterally (91.26%) and remaining bilaterally (8.24%). On slit-lamp examination degranulation of pupillary ruff and pseudoexfoliation material on the anterior capsule of the lens were present in 59.82% and 52.70% whereas corneal endothelium pigments, iris transillumination defects and pigments on the anterior lens capsule were absent in 82.1%, 91.1% and 68.80% respectively. All the cases were identified with PXF material on pupillary margin of the iris. Majority of the patients (72.32%) had normal intraocular pressure. Glaucoma and ocular hypertension were seen in 20.53% and 7.14% of eyes. On gonioscopy, pseudoexfoliation material in the angle, pigments and sampaolesi’s line were identified in 27.7%, 63.4% and 43.80% respectively. Only 8.69% of eyes had 6/24 or better vision, while 8.69% had perception of light (PL) to No perception of light in PXF Glaucoma patients. Conclusion: The study concluded the need for early diagnosis and various complications involved in pseudoexfoliation.
{"title":"A study of clinical spectrum of pseudo exfoliation syndrome","authors":"Dr. Chimata Triveni, D. Divya, Dr. N. Lakshmi, D. Sirisha","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is the most common identifiable cause of secondary glaucoma, the prevalence of which varies considerably among different (PXF) ethnicities. Pseudoexfoliation is a genetically inherited condition. The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation increases with age. It is a common condition in the elderly population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of and complications in patients with pseudo-exfoliation. Methods: This is an observational study performed in a sample of 103 patients (112 eyes) with pseudo-exfoliation for one year from October 2017-September-2018. Patients visiting the Ophthalmology department, NRI General Hospital, Chinakakani were enrolled in this study. Detailed evaluation including ophthalmic and general history, slit lamp biomicroscope, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy and detailed eye examination was performed in all patients. Results: A total of 103 patients were analyzed; the major age group was 71-80 (40.78%). Among the Male patients were found to be more (66.02%). Majority of the patients were affected unilaterally (91.26%) and remaining bilaterally (8.24%). On slit-lamp examination degranulation of pupillary ruff and pseudoexfoliation material on the anterior capsule of the lens were present in 59.82% and 52.70% whereas corneal endothelium pigments, iris transillumination defects and pigments on the anterior lens capsule were absent in 82.1%, 91.1% and 68.80% respectively. All the cases were identified with PXF material on pupillary margin of the iris. Majority of the patients (72.32%) had normal intraocular pressure. Glaucoma and ocular hypertension were seen in 20.53% and 7.14% of eyes. On gonioscopy, pseudoexfoliation material in the angle, pigments and sampaolesi’s line were identified in 27.7%, 63.4% and 43.80% respectively. Only 8.69% of eyes had 6/24 or better vision, while 8.69% had perception of light (PL) to No perception of light in PXF Glaucoma patients. Conclusion: The study concluded the need for early diagnosis and various complications involved in pseudoexfoliation.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131417969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.05
Anita Minj, Jasmita Satapathy, Atish Kumar
Introduction: Intraoperative miosis is a problem which can lead to various complications that may adversely affect the outcome of cataract surgery. Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been found to be helpful in reducing the intraoperative miosis. We tried to compare the effectiveness of two such molecules bromfenac and nepafenac. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of topical bromfenac (0.09%) and nepafenac (0.1%) in maintaining mydriasis and controlling immediate post-operative inflammation in cataract surgery. Methods: This is a prospective, randomised, open-label, comparative study of patients with senile cataract posted for cataract extraction and intra-ocular lens (IOL) implantation. The patients were randomised into 3 groups: topical moxifloxacilin 0.5% alone (control group or group A), topical bromfenac 0.09% + moxifloxacilin 0.5% (group B) and topical nepafenac 0.1% + moxifloxacilin 0.5% (group C). The drops were started one day before surgery. Mean pupil diameter was measured before starting surgery and after implanting IOL. Slit lamp examination was done on first postoperative day to look for anterior chamber reaction. The values were compared among the 3 groups. Results: The total loss of mean pupillary diameter was significant (p < 0.0001) in control group (25.87%) as compared to bromfenac (3.51%) and nepafenac (3.81%) group. Post-operative inflammation was significantly less (p <0.0001) in bromfenac and nepafenac group as compared to that of control group. Loss of mydriasis and post-operative inflammation was similar in both bromfenac and nepafenac group. Conclusion: Both bromfenac and nepafenac given topically prior to cataract surgery are equally effective in maintaining mydriasis during surgery as well as in controlling immediate postoperative inflammation.
{"title":"The importance of preoperative topical non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents in cataract surgery- an open label prospective randomised comparative study","authors":"Anita Minj, Jasmita Satapathy, Atish Kumar","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intraoperative miosis is a problem which can lead to various complications that may adversely affect the outcome of cataract surgery. Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been found to be helpful in reducing the intraoperative miosis. We tried to compare the effectiveness of two such molecules bromfenac and nepafenac. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of topical bromfenac (0.09%) and nepafenac (0.1%) in maintaining mydriasis and controlling immediate post-operative inflammation in cataract surgery. Methods: This is a prospective, randomised, open-label, comparative study of patients with senile cataract posted for cataract extraction and intra-ocular lens (IOL) implantation. The patients were randomised into 3 groups: topical moxifloxacilin 0.5% alone (control group or group A), topical bromfenac 0.09% + moxifloxacilin 0.5% (group B) and topical nepafenac 0.1% + moxifloxacilin 0.5% (group C). The drops were started one day before surgery. Mean pupil diameter was measured before starting surgery and after implanting IOL. Slit lamp examination was done on first postoperative day to look for anterior chamber reaction. The values were compared among the 3 groups. Results: The total loss of mean pupillary diameter was significant (p < 0.0001) in control group (25.87%) as compared to bromfenac (3.51%) and nepafenac (3.81%) group. Post-operative inflammation was significantly less (p <0.0001) in bromfenac and nepafenac group as compared to that of control group. Loss of mydriasis and post-operative inflammation was similar in both bromfenac and nepafenac group. Conclusion: Both bromfenac and nepafenac given topically prior to cataract surgery are equally effective in maintaining mydriasis during surgery as well as in controlling immediate postoperative inflammation.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115278175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.07
T. Annamalai, V. Veeramani
Introduction:Ocular morbidities among pediatric age group play a major role in their education in addition to occurrence of blindness in our community. Even in India, preventable and treatable causes like cataract, refractive error still contribute to more than 80% preventable blindness. Material and Methods: The current research paper is acrosssectional study, conducted in Saveetha medical college and hospital. The data pooled for the study was conducted from January 2019 to March 2019 for a period of 3 months. Allchildren below the age of15 years attending ophthalmology outpatient departmentwere included in the study. Ethical clearance and informed verbal consent was obtained and detailed ophthalmic examination was done. Results: 271 patients were included in the study, 122weremales and 149 were females. All the patients were divided into three broad age groups, 0-5 years, 6-10years and 11-15 years. In the current study overall refractive error (54.6%) was the most widespread ocular morbidity. Allergic conjunctivitis (19.1%), foreign body (8.1%),Chalazion (4%), viral conjunctivitis (2.6%)and squint (2.2%)are other common morbidities. Conclusion: The present research paper suggests refractive error, allergic conjunctivitis, foreign body in eye and chalazion are the important ocular morbidities seen in children. Nearly all of them are treatable or preventable. Theoccurrence of refractive error is high among children and is the main cause of amblyopia.
{"title":"Prevalence of ocular morbidities among children’s attending ophthalmology OPD in tertiary care hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"T. Annamalai, V. Veeramani","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.07","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:Ocular morbidities among pediatric age group play a major role in their education in addition to occurrence of blindness in our community. Even in India, preventable and treatable causes like cataract, refractive error still contribute to more than 80% preventable blindness. Material and Methods: The current research paper is acrosssectional study, conducted in Saveetha medical college and hospital. The data pooled for the study was conducted from January 2019 to March 2019 for a period of 3 months. Allchildren below the age of15 years attending ophthalmology outpatient departmentwere included in the study. Ethical clearance and informed verbal consent was obtained and detailed ophthalmic examination was done. Results: 271 patients were included in the study, 122weremales and 149 were females. All the patients were divided into three broad age groups, 0-5 years, 6-10years and 11-15 years. In the current study overall refractive error (54.6%) was the most widespread ocular morbidity. Allergic conjunctivitis (19.1%), foreign body (8.1%),Chalazion (4%), viral conjunctivitis (2.6%)and squint (2.2%)are other common morbidities. Conclusion: The present research paper suggests refractive error, allergic conjunctivitis, foreign body in eye and chalazion are the important ocular morbidities seen in children. Nearly all of them are treatable or preventable. Theoccurrence of refractive error is high among children and is the main cause of amblyopia.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128007898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.02
Kommineni Aruna, P. S. Sukthankar, P. Raga
Background: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgery performed in pediatric otorhinolaryngology. Pain and vomiting being the usual morbidity following this surgery. Aim & Objective: To compare the efficacy of infiltration of Bupivacaine versus dexamethasone into the tonsillar fossa in postoperative pain and vomiting. Methods: A total of 100 patients, aged 10-30 years of both sexes with chronic tonsillitis accrued into the study. They were divided in to two groups A and B. Group A was infiltrated with 0.5% bupivacaine (1mg/kg body weight) locally and Group B with dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg bodyweight) locally into the tonsillar bed. All patients underwent tonsillectomy by dissection/snare technique, bleeding was controlled by applying local pressure, and by ligatures, thereby avoiding cauterization. Post tonsillectomy pain assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), nausea and vomiting by absence/presence was compared between both groups. Results: In Bupivacaine group (A), 86% patients observed analgesic effect by the 1 postoperative hour and by 6 hour all had complete analgesia. In dexamethasone group (B) the analgesic effect started by 12hour and by 48 hour in all patients (p<0.001). Post-operative occurrence of nausea and vomiting in bupivacaine group (A) was 76% and 30% respectively. However, in dexamethasone group (B), the nausea and vomiting was observed in 10% respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed that 0.5% bupivacaine reduces immediate post-operative pain significantly as compared to dexamethasone and dexamethasone reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting significantly as compared to 0.5% bupivacaine. There were no adverse reactions or complications due to the additional surgical intervention in both the groups.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of local infiltration of tonsillar fossa with bupivacaine versus dexamethasone on post tonsillectomy morbidity","authors":"Kommineni Aruna, P. S. Sukthankar, P. Raga","doi":"10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17511/jooo.2019.i05.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgery performed in pediatric otorhinolaryngology. Pain and vomiting being the usual morbidity following this surgery. Aim & Objective: To compare the efficacy of infiltration of Bupivacaine versus dexamethasone into the tonsillar fossa in postoperative pain and vomiting. Methods: A total of 100 patients, aged 10-30 years of both sexes with chronic tonsillitis accrued into the study. They were divided in to two groups A and B. Group A was infiltrated with 0.5% bupivacaine (1mg/kg body weight) locally and Group B with dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg bodyweight) locally into the tonsillar bed. All patients underwent tonsillectomy by dissection/snare technique, bleeding was controlled by applying local pressure, and by ligatures, thereby avoiding cauterization. Post tonsillectomy pain assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), nausea and vomiting by absence/presence was compared between both groups. Results: In Bupivacaine group (A), 86% patients observed analgesic effect by the 1 postoperative hour and by 6 hour all had complete analgesia. In dexamethasone group (B) the analgesic effect started by 12hour and by 48 hour in all patients (p<0.001). Post-operative occurrence of nausea and vomiting in bupivacaine group (A) was 76% and 30% respectively. However, in dexamethasone group (B), the nausea and vomiting was observed in 10% respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed that 0.5% bupivacaine reduces immediate post-operative pain significantly as compared to dexamethasone and dexamethasone reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting significantly as compared to 0.5% bupivacaine. There were no adverse reactions or complications due to the additional surgical intervention in both the groups.","PeriodicalId":112259,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology","volume":"415 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132414612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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