Deutsche zahnarztliche Zeitschrift最新文献

53 patients with 120 endosseous implants could be re-evaluated after a mean period of 2.7 years (maximum 5 years). Using casts from the upper with transfer posts and lower jaw, we measured the deviation of the implant axes from their ideal direction and localisation. Furthermore, we tried to find out, whether an unfavourable localisation compromised the prognosis of osseointegrated implants. Ideal, axial load by the prosthetic construction was often impossible because of unfavourable localisation of the implants. In a rank correlation analysis we found a significant influence of unfavourable localisation on prognosis in the group of hinge bars. Further weak correlations were revealed between loss of attachment and gingiva index which in turn was correlated with the plaque index.

Due to its mechanical properties circonia is an interesting implantation material. However, it may contain a certain amount of radioactive isotopes. The measurement of alpha-emission reveals varying amounts of radiation. As a result, a declaration of radioactivity should be required for circonia implants and only circonia with low emission levels should be used for implantation purposes.

The purpose of this study was to compare the expectations and emotions of patients after dental implant treatment with the clinical peri-implant findings. 96 patients treated with Brånemark implants and fixed-removable dentures in the edentulous lower jaw were interviewed in retrospective regarding their preoperative attitudes and their postoperative assessments and were examined clinically. The data of 73 patients (76%) were evaluated. While the clinical periimplant findings were comparable, the majority of these patients were satisfied with this form of oral rehabilitation. Apart from improved oral function, 90% of these patients reported a decrease in psycho-social problems. 88% of the patients felt more secure and reported a higher self-esteem. In contrast to the previous denture, the implant-anchored fixed complete prostheses were perceived rather as an own "organ" by 88% of the patients. 93% would not hesitate undergoing this procedure again, if necessary.

Until today, not all methodical details and problems concerning the exact and reproducible determination of the condylar hinge axis have been solved yet. All familiar mechanical-manual and electronically supported methods as well as computer methods of some electronical recording systems have their limitations and are partly incorrect up to now. The reason for this lies mainly in the theoretical respectively mathematical approach towards these methods. With the aim of determining a point of minimal translatory movement ("steady point") during the rotatory opening movement in the TMJ condyle, a mathematical method is presented, which calculates the 3D coordinates of the condylar rotation centers automatically, i.e. without manual manipulation of the recording system. Contrary to conventional methods, this new technique is very precise and relatively less sensitive towards superimposed translatory movements.

The procedure described in this article is based on the surgical subtotal luxation of a tooth-containing alveolar segment and allows the repositioning of single teeth while almost regularly safeguarding tooth vitality. This procedure has proven particularly effective in the treatment of maxillary anteriors, canines and premolars. For patients preferring surgical correction to long-term orthodontic treatment this limited operative intervention allows safe orthodontic alignment. To date, relapses have not been observed in the cases treated. Stable immobilization of up to six weeks postoperatively is achieved by splinting.

295 amalgam fillings in deciduous teeth and 150 amalgam restorations in permanent first molars were examined in 112 child patients. The functional loss of restorations was corded and present fillings were assessed in view of marginal integrity, anatomy and surface condition. For primary molar amalgams the 4-year survival rates "estimate" ist ein Schätzwert--wenn der Autor es so gemeint hat, muss "estimate" stehenbleiben, andernfalls heisst es "iate" (= Quote) were 67% for Class 1 restorations and for 55% Class 2 fillings. After 4 years of placement 78% of the Class 1 restorations in permanent first molars were still intact.

Periodontometric and Periotest mobility parameters of 87 endosseous implants were studied during a period of up to 6 years. Moreover, the condition of the surrounding bone and mucosa was assessed by means of the Periodontal Index (PI). Mobility of endosseous implants was lowest during the first year of insertion and highest at the end of the study. Among all those variables that had a favorable effect on implant function, the length of the implants was in the first line. What is called the osseointegration of dental implants is no longer evident after just a short period of masticatory loading by a denture. Mobility parameters of implants then increase to those of periodontally healthy natural teeth. Improved dental hygiene and cleansing of the periimplant area reduce the incidence of pathological findings and improve the prognosis of dental implants.

The prevalence of prosthetic reconstructions among 1534 German recruits (mean age 21.8 years) was evaluated. Of the total number of single crowns (n = 552), 72% were found in the upper jaw. Forty-one per cent of the crowns were situated in the upper incisor region. Four per cent of the probands received mostly three-unit-bridges and 0.9% removable partial dentures. In 3.7% of the cases all missing molars of a quadrant were not prosthetically replaced. The number of single crowns and bridges was not associated with the final school education, which in its term is closely associated with the social stratum. Between the level of school education and the need of prosthetic treatment a highly significant association was found.

The correlation of endometric measurements with physical indicators, such as electrode impedance, electrolyte conductivity, in canal geometry and measuring electrode insulation, seems to be secured by the coincidence between the results of experimental and theoretical calculations. The measuring principle on which the currently available endometric instruments operate, do offer the measuring accuracy required for clinical use.

In four adult monks of the "macaca fascicularis" genus we surgically shifted the mandible posteriorly by 5 mm in three animals and by 10 mm in one animal. After 83, 172, 273 and 354 experimental days, the animals were killed and the TM joints were prepared for patho-histological examination. Histomorphological changes could be observed above all in spongy and cortical bone situated close to the TMJ. There were no striking pathological findings, however, in condylar cartilage and the articular disk.