Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506057
M. A. Kumar, N. V. Srikanth
The recent developments in power electronics technology have lead to the improvements of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) based Voltage source converter High voltage direct current (VSC HVDC) transmission systems. These are also commercially known as HVDC Light transmission systems, which are popular in renewable, micro grid, and electric power systems. Out of different pulse width modulation (PWM) schemes, Space vector PWM (SVPWM) control scheme finds growing importance in HVDC Light applications because of its better dc bus utilization. In this paper, SVPWM scheme is utilized to control the HVDC Light system in order to achieve better DC bus utilization, harmonic reduction, and for reduced power fluctuations. The simulations are carried out in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and the results are provided for steady state and dynamic conditions. Finally, the performance of SVPWM based vector controlled HVDC Light transmission system is compared with sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) based HVDC Light system in terms of output voltage and total harmonic distortion (THD).
{"title":"Performance of SVPWM based vector controlled HVDC light transmission system under balanced fault condition","authors":"M. A. Kumar, N. V. Srikanth","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506057","url":null,"abstract":"The recent developments in power electronics technology have lead to the improvements of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) based Voltage source converter High voltage direct current (VSC HVDC) transmission systems. These are also commercially known as HVDC Light transmission systems, which are popular in renewable, micro grid, and electric power systems. Out of different pulse width modulation (PWM) schemes, Space vector PWM (SVPWM) control scheme finds growing importance in HVDC Light applications because of its better dc bus utilization. In this paper, SVPWM scheme is utilized to control the HVDC Light system in order to achieve better DC bus utilization, harmonic reduction, and for reduced power fluctuations. The simulations are carried out in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and the results are provided for steady state and dynamic conditions. Finally, the performance of SVPWM based vector controlled HVDC Light transmission system is compared with sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) based HVDC Light system in terms of output voltage and total harmonic distortion (THD).","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114393153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506041
Y. Xu, D. Aliprantis
This paper sets forth an experimental parameterization procedure for a novel qd equivalent circuit model of a wound-rotor induction generator. The model incorporates magnetic saturation of the main flux path, and high-frequency effects using standstill frequency response testing. Notably, the procedure also yields the machine's turns ratio.
{"title":"Experimental parameterization procedure for a wound- rotor induction generator","authors":"Y. Xu, D. Aliprantis","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets forth an experimental parameterization procedure for a novel qd equivalent circuit model of a wound-rotor induction generator. The model incorporates magnetic saturation of the main flux path, and high-frequency effects using standstill frequency response testing. Notably, the procedure also yields the machine's turns ratio.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123642184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506035
Omkar A. Ghatpande, K. Corzine, P. Fajri, M. Ferdowsi
This paper proposes a method of using multiple reference frame theory for harmonic compensation of nonlinear loads using a doubly fed induction generator. The most significant low-order harmonics to be compensated are calculated using a multiple reference frame harmonic observer. This method of measuring and compensating harmonics is accurate straightforward, easily implementable and effective in the mitigation of any harmonic in the system. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of this proposed method. These results validate the effectiveness of the method in compensating the targeted harmonics in the system. The currents obtained in the fundamental reference frame can be further employed for control of active and reactive power flow.
{"title":"Multiple reference frame theory for harmonic compensation via doubly fed induction generators","authors":"Omkar A. Ghatpande, K. Corzine, P. Fajri, M. Ferdowsi","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506035","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method of using multiple reference frame theory for harmonic compensation of nonlinear loads using a doubly fed induction generator. The most significant low-order harmonics to be compensated are calculated using a multiple reference frame harmonic observer. This method of measuring and compensating harmonics is accurate straightforward, easily implementable and effective in the mitigation of any harmonic in the system. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of this proposed method. These results validate the effectiveness of the method in compensating the targeted harmonics in the system. The currents obtained in the fundamental reference frame can be further employed for control of active and reactive power flow.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123547200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506027
Liang Pang, Y. Lian, Dong‐Seok Kim, Jung-Hee Lee, K. Kim
By using RF magnetron sputtering with oxygen compensation, high-quality SiO2-on-GaN with a breakdown field of 9.6 MV /cm was achieved. A post-annealing treatment was then developed to remove the sputtering-induced epilayer damage, which not only recovered, but also improved the electron concentration and mobility of the 2-D electron gas by 21.7% and 5.5%, respectively. A high-performance SiO2 / AlGaN / GaN MOSHEMT was thus fabricated, which exhibited a maximum drain current of 594 mA/mm and a breakdown voltage of 205 V at the gate-drain distance of 2 μm. This breakdown voltage performance of the device is among the best of GaN-based MOSHEMTs reported to date, thus is ideally suited for high-power applications.
{"title":"Sputtered-gate-SiO2/AiGaN/GaN MOSHEMT for high breakdown voltage achievement","authors":"Liang Pang, Y. Lian, Dong‐Seok Kim, Jung-Hee Lee, K. Kim","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506027","url":null,"abstract":"By using RF magnetron sputtering with oxygen compensation, high-quality SiO2-on-GaN with a breakdown field of 9.6 MV /cm was achieved. A post-annealing treatment was then developed to remove the sputtering-induced epilayer damage, which not only recovered, but also improved the electron concentration and mobility of the 2-D electron gas by 21.7% and 5.5%, respectively. A high-performance SiO2 / AlGaN / GaN MOSHEMT was thus fabricated, which exhibited a maximum drain current of 594 mA/mm and a breakdown voltage of 205 V at the gate-drain distance of 2 μm. This breakdown voltage performance of the device is among the best of GaN-based MOSHEMTs reported to date, thus is ideally suited for high-power applications.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131334946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506062
P. Argyropoulos, H. Lev-Ari
A procedure for generating customized wavelets for detecting the location of a fault along the length of a transmission line is proposed. Measuring the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) between two consecutive transient reflections or the TDOA between the two initial peaks of two synchronized voltage/current bus measurements provides an accurate fault location estimate. Highly accurate TDOA estimates can be obtained only when the processed fault waveform consists of short/peaked pulses that arrive on a bus with a small group delay. Our customization procedure enhances the “peakedness” and shortens the group delay of the transient waveform by optimizing a suitable peakedness metric. This approach yields more accurate estimates than the “classic” (Daubechies) wavelet-based techniques found in the literature. The proposed method is independent of the fault-type and can be used to reduce the required data sampling rate while maintaining reliable TDOA estimates.
{"title":"Customized wavelets for improved fault location quality in power systems","authors":"P. Argyropoulos, H. Lev-Ari","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506062","url":null,"abstract":"A procedure for generating customized wavelets for detecting the location of a fault along the length of a transmission line is proposed. Measuring the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) between two consecutive transient reflections or the TDOA between the two initial peaks of two synchronized voltage/current bus measurements provides an accurate fault location estimate. Highly accurate TDOA estimates can be obtained only when the processed fault waveform consists of short/peaked pulses that arrive on a bus with a small group delay. Our customization procedure enhances the “peakedness” and shortens the group delay of the transient waveform by optimizing a suitable peakedness metric. This approach yields more accurate estimates than the “classic” (Daubechies) wavelet-based techniques found in the literature. The proposed method is independent of the fault-type and can be used to reduce the required data sampling rate while maintaining reliable TDOA estimates.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126258504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506043
Yanni Li, D. Aliprantis
This paper contributes a mathematical framework for rotating electric machine optimal design. The proposed method utilizes a hybrid finite element/air-gap macro-element method, with steepest descent optimization. In particular, the air-gap element is advantageous for torque optimization, since it directly yields a smooth magnetic field function in the air-gap and an analytic expression for torque, based on the magnetic potential solution at the vertices of the finite element mesh. The sensitivity of an arbitrary objective function with respect to changes in geometric design parameters can be used in the steepest descent method. For illustration purposes, the optimization process is applied to a simple electromagnet for torque maximization.
{"title":"Optimal design of electromechanical devices using a hybrid finite element/air-gap element method","authors":"Yanni Li, D. Aliprantis","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506043","url":null,"abstract":"This paper contributes a mathematical framework for rotating electric machine optimal design. The proposed method utilizes a hybrid finite element/air-gap macro-element method, with steepest descent optimization. In particular, the air-gap element is advantageous for torque optimization, since it directly yields a smooth magnetic field function in the air-gap and an analytic expression for torque, based on the magnetic potential solution at the vertices of the finite element mesh. The sensitivity of an arbitrary objective function with respect to changes in geometric design parameters can be used in the steepest descent method. For illustration purposes, the optimization process is applied to a simple electromagnet for torque maximization.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121185616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506028
Hyun Jin Kim, Dimitrios C. Kyritsis
There is growing interest worldwide in biomaterials for power generation as substitutes or supplements for hydrocarbon fuels. In this paper, biomaterials-based power generation is evaluated and compared with widely used hydrocarbon-based generation. Exergy, the theoretical maximum work extractable from a system as it interacts with a particular reference state, is used as the parameter to measure the overall effectiveness of the thermomechanical energy conversion and detect inefficiencies. The destruction of exergy happens when irreversible mechanical or chemical processes occur during power generation. Combustion constitutes the main portion of the exergy destruction in power plants and biomaterials have a significant advantage over fossil fuels when the amount of exergy destruction is compared between the two. This exergetic study on power plants operating on biomaterials will be further developed into economic and environmental research.
{"title":"Exergetic analysis of power plants operating on biomaterials","authors":"Hyun Jin Kim, Dimitrios C. Kyritsis","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506028","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing interest worldwide in biomaterials for power generation as substitutes or supplements for hydrocarbon fuels. In this paper, biomaterials-based power generation is evaluated and compared with widely used hydrocarbon-based generation. Exergy, the theoretical maximum work extractable from a system as it interacts with a particular reference state, is used as the parameter to measure the overall effectiveness of the thermomechanical energy conversion and detect inefficiencies. The destruction of exergy happens when irreversible mechanical or chemical processes occur during power generation. Combustion constitutes the main portion of the exergy destruction in power plants and biomaterials have a significant advantage over fossil fuels when the amount of exergy destruction is compared between the two. This exergetic study on power plants operating on biomaterials will be further developed into economic and environmental research.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117206205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506034
M. Johnson, D. Aliprantis, H. Chen
This paper sets forth a novel dc-based topology utilizing series-connected permanent-magnet synchronous generators for offshore wind farms, as an alternative to the common ac topology. The system's design, namely, the individual wind turbine power electronics, the collection system topology, and the overall system control is presented. An efficiency analysis suggests that the proposed dc topology leads to energy savings due to the reduced number and different type of energy conversion stages, as well as a variable-voltage control strategy. The stability and operation of the multi-branch topology are briefly discussed.
{"title":"Offshore wind farm with DC collection system","authors":"M. Johnson, D. Aliprantis, H. Chen","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506034","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets forth a novel dc-based topology utilizing series-connected permanent-magnet synchronous generators for offshore wind farms, as an alternative to the common ac topology. The system's design, namely, the individual wind turbine power electronics, the collection system topology, and the overall system control is presented. An efficiency analysis suggests that the proposed dc topology leads to energy savings due to the reduced number and different type of energy conversion stages, as well as a variable-voltage control strategy. The stability and operation of the multi-branch topology are briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"90 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132040642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506036
J. Chadwick
The electrical grid is caught in a political and technological energy war over what can most efficiently, safely, reliably and cost effectively provide commercial power for an increasing national load. The answer lies in research of the 2003 Northeast Blackout and introducing an emerging technology; Smart Grid (SG). This paper summarizes the blackout's key events, driving factors and tipping point for its cascade in order to highlight the critical benefits of Smart Grid Technology (SGT). Industry research suggests that SG could have prevented the cascade, had it been complete and implemented in 2003. This paper presents the essential elements of SGT (with industry research ongoing) that can achieve three things; (1) prevent cascading blackouts of this magnitude, (2) recover as quickly as possible from emergencies (terrorist attacks, natural disasters, etc.), and (3) provide a solution to this energy war with a portfolio of energy technologies.
{"title":"How a smarter grid could have prevented the 2003 U.S. cascading blackout","authors":"J. Chadwick","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506036","url":null,"abstract":"The electrical grid is caught in a political and technological energy war over what can most efficiently, safely, reliably and cost effectively provide commercial power for an increasing national load. The answer lies in research of the 2003 Northeast Blackout and introducing an emerging technology; Smart Grid (SG). This paper summarizes the blackout's key events, driving factors and tipping point for its cascade in order to highlight the critical benefits of Smart Grid Technology (SGT). Industry research suggests that SG could have prevented the cascade, had it been complete and implemented in 2003. This paper presents the essential elements of SGT (with industry research ongoing) that can achieve three things; (1) prevent cascading blackouts of this magnitude, (2) recover as quickly as possible from emergencies (terrorist attacks, natural disasters, etc.), and (3) provide a solution to this energy war with a portfolio of energy technologies.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133627839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2013.6506040
R. Ahmadi, P. Fajri, M. Ferdowsi
This paper describes dynamic modeling and stability analysis of one of the dynamometers in an electric drive vehicle test bench designed based on two electromechanical dynamometers. The studied dynamometer is comprised of two electric machines coupled mechanically by one shaft. One of the electric machines acts as the traction motor and injects power to the shaft; the other machine emulates the road condition and absorbs power. This machine acts as a constant power load to the traction motor and degrades system's stability margins.
{"title":"Dynamic modeling and stability analysis of an experimental test bench for electric-drive vehicle emulation","authors":"R. Ahmadi, P. Fajri, M. Ferdowsi","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2013.6506040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2013.6506040","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes dynamic modeling and stability analysis of one of the dynamometers in an electric drive vehicle test bench designed based on two electromechanical dynamometers. The studied dynamometer is comprised of two electric machines coupled mechanically by one shaft. One of the electric machines acts as the traction motor and injects power to the shaft; the other machine emulates the road condition and absorbs power. This machine acts as a constant power load to the traction motor and degrades system's stability margins.","PeriodicalId":113021,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132134653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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