E. Antropova, B. Sharafutdinov, S. Ryzhkin, M. I. Mazitova, M. N. Nasrullayev
INTRODUCTION: One of most important problems in the gynecological practice is the choice of the treatment method of uterine leiomyoma. Uterine artery embolization has been practiced in the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan), since 2004. Individual peculiarities of blood supply to the uterus and ovaries become the cause of failure of the endovascular treatment of patients with uterine leiomyoma in 20%–25% of cases forcing the doctors to resort to traditional surgical methods. The article presents a series of clinical cases demonstrating variants of angioarchitectonics of uterus and the results of the analysis of uterine artery embolization (UAE, n = 1743) performed at the department of X-ray surgical methods of diagnostics and treatment in the Primary healthcare unit of Kazan (Privolzhsk) Federal University. CONCLUSION: Endovascular occlusion of uterine arteries in patients with uterine myoma is a fairly effective method of treatment of this disease, and an adequate assessment of the peculiarities of the angioarchitectonics of uterus in uterine myoma permits to considerably increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the frequency of complications. The presented series of clinical observations from the clinical archive of the authors’ team demonstrates the variants of angioarchitectonics of uterus.
{"title":"Features of Angioarchitectonics of Uterus in Uterine Leiomyoma: a Series of Clinical Observations","authors":"E. Antropova, B. Sharafutdinov, S. Ryzhkin, M. I. Mazitova, M. N. Nasrullayev","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj229978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj229978","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: One of most important problems in the gynecological practice is the choice of the treatment method of uterine leiomyoma. Uterine artery embolization has been practiced in the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan), since 2004. Individual peculiarities of blood supply to the uterus and ovaries become the cause of failure of the endovascular treatment of patients with uterine leiomyoma in 20%–25% of cases forcing the doctors to resort to traditional surgical methods. The article presents a series of clinical cases demonstrating variants of angioarchitectonics of uterus and the results of the analysis of uterine artery embolization (UAE, n = 1743) performed at the department of X-ray surgical methods of diagnostics and treatment in the Primary healthcare unit of Kazan (Privolzhsk) Federal University. \u0000CONCLUSION: Endovascular occlusion of uterine arteries in patients with uterine myoma is a fairly effective method of treatment of this disease, and an adequate assessment of the peculiarities of the angioarchitectonics of uterus in uterine myoma permits to considerably increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the frequency of complications. The presented series of clinical observations from the clinical archive of the authors’ team demonstrates the variants of angioarchitectonics of uterus.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"1 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139381273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. A. Porkhanov, A. B. Zakeryayev, R. A. Vinogradov, T. E. Bakhishev, Gerey А. Khangereyev, S. R. Butayev, Аnastasiyа V. Erastova, A. G. Baryshev
INTRODUCTION: Thoracofemoral bypass surgery for occlusion of aortofemoral segment is a variant of choice for treatment of patients with impossibility of performing traditional aortofemoral bypass. The use of robot-assisted technologies in the formation of a proximal anastomosis permits to reduce the trauma of surgical access and to improve the results of surgical intervention. The article reports a case of a patient with occlusion of the aorto-iliac segment and total calcification of the infrarenal aorta, who underwent robot-assisted thoracofemoral bifurcation bypass surgery. CONCLUSION: Use of modern technologies in the vascular surgery permits to reduce traumatization, minimize the effect of the human factor, improve visualization and freedom of movement and shorten the recovery period and the period of hospital stay.
{"title":"Robot-Assisted Thoracofemoral Bifurcation Bypass","authors":"V. A. Porkhanov, A. B. Zakeryayev, R. A. Vinogradov, T. E. Bakhishev, Gerey А. Khangereyev, S. R. Butayev, Аnastasiyа V. Erastova, A. G. Baryshev","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj248977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj248977","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Thoracofemoral bypass surgery for occlusion of aortofemoral segment is a variant of choice for treatment of patients with impossibility of performing traditional aortofemoral bypass. The use of robot-assisted technologies in the formation of a proximal anastomosis permits to reduce the trauma of surgical access and to improve the results of surgical intervention. The article reports a case of a patient with occlusion of the aorto-iliac segment and total calcification of the infrarenal aorta, who underwent robot-assisted thoracofemoral bifurcation bypass surgery. \u0000CONCLUSION: Use of modern technologies in the vascular surgery permits to reduce traumatization, minimize the effect of the human factor, improve visualization and freedom of movement and shorten the recovery period and the period of hospital stay.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Magomedrasulova, A. V. Chernykh, A. N. Shevtsov, Gamzat A. Aydiyev, B. Leibovich, Aleksandr Yu. Pul'ver, Natal'ya A. Pul'ver, E. Cherednikov
INTRODUCTION: Currently, tissue engineering is one of the most promising fields of medicine dealing with search for solutions to the problems of creation of biocompatible structures capable of partial or complete replacement of organs or tissues of an organism. An advanced method of tissue engineering implies using an extracellular matrix (ECM) cleared from the cellular material. The main problem of obtaining an ECM consists in the difficulty of selecting a suitable decellularization method and exposure time. AIM: Development of a method for obtaining grafts for the anterior abdominal wall (AAW) and evaluation of the histological properties of the ECM to determine the optimal protocol for donor tissue decellularization providing a complete removal of cellular material without any significant damage to the scaffold. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiments were conducted on 10 White Flemish Giant male rabbits. All the animals were withdrawn from the experiment, after which, on autopsy, AAW grafts were obtained for evaluation of the decellularization properties of three detergents (alkaline solutions): 2% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) solution, 2% CHAPS (zwitterionic surfactant, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxy-1-propansulfonate) solution, and 1% Triton-X 100 solution. The decellularization quality was controlled in histological examination. RESULTS: Morphological evaluation of tissue samples revealed that after decellularization of the material with 2% SDS solution and 2% CHAPS solution, the number of cells remaining in the preparations was comparable and significantly less (Me = 10 in a microscope field) than after treatment with 1% Triton-X 100 solution (Me = 45 in a microscope field). However, decellularization with 2% CHAPS solution led to fiber ruptures and tissue edema manifested by an increase in the distance between the fibers (Me = 163 µm). CONCLUSIONS: Decellularization of the anterior abdominal wall tissues with 2% SDS solution provides a sufficient cell elimination while preserving the fiber integrity and ECM structure. 2% CHAPS solution was comparable to 2% SDS solution in terms of the quality of cell elements removal, but its more aggressive effect on collagen fibers was noted (their multiple ruptures and a more pronounced edema). 1% Triton-X 100 solution appeared to be of low efficiency in elimination of cellular material, although it had a minimal effect on the integrity of ECM network.
{"title":"Development of Methods to Obtain Grafts for the Anterior Abdominal Wall in Surgical Treatment of External Abdominal Hernias","authors":"A. A. Magomedrasulova, A. V. Chernykh, A. N. Shevtsov, Gamzat A. Aydiyev, B. Leibovich, Aleksandr Yu. Pul'ver, Natal'ya A. Pul'ver, E. Cherednikov","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj340861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj340861","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Currently, tissue engineering is one of the most promising fields of medicine dealing with search for solutions to the problems of creation of biocompatible structures capable of partial or complete replacement of organs or tissues of an organism. An advanced method of tissue engineering implies using an extracellular matrix (ECM) cleared from the cellular material. The main problem of obtaining an ECM consists in the difficulty of selecting a suitable decellularization method and exposure time. \u0000AIM: Development of a method for obtaining grafts for the anterior abdominal wall (AAW) and evaluation of the histological properties of the ECM to determine the optimal protocol for donor tissue decellularization providing a complete removal of cellular material without any significant damage to the scaffold. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiments were conducted on 10 White Flemish Giant male rabbits. All the animals were withdrawn from the experiment, after which, on autopsy, AAW grafts were obtained for evaluation of the decellularization properties of three detergents (alkaline solutions): 2% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) solution, 2% CHAPS (zwitterionic surfactant, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxy-1-propansulfonate) solution, and 1% Triton-X 100 solution. The decellularization quality was controlled in histological examination. \u0000RESULTS: Morphological evaluation of tissue samples revealed that after decellularization of the material with 2% SDS solution and 2% CHAPS solution, the number of cells remaining in the preparations was comparable and significantly less (Me = 10 in a microscope field) than after treatment with 1% Triton-X 100 solution (Me = 45 in a microscope field). However, decellularization with 2% CHAPS solution led to fiber ruptures and tissue edema manifested by an increase in the distance between the fibers (Me = 163 µm). \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Decellularization of the anterior abdominal wall tissues with 2% SDS solution provides a sufficient cell elimination while preserving the fiber integrity and ECM structure. 2% CHAPS solution was comparable to 2% SDS solution in terms of the quality of cell elements removal, but its more aggressive effect on collagen fibers was noted (their multiple ruptures and a more pronounced edema). 1% Triton-X 100 solution appeared to be of low efficiency in elimination of cellular material, although it had a minimal effect on the integrity of ECM network.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"58 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139381976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaroslav А. Тurovskiу, A.S. Davydova, Viktor Yu. Alekseyev
INTRODUCTION: Investigation of electroencephalographic activity as a marker of cognitive processes in the brain traditionally focuses on the analysis in the frequency domain considering rhythms of encephalogram (EEG) as potential carriers of information needed for research. At the same time, analysis of the EEG frequency modulation effects requires improvement of approaches in the field of digital signal processing. Taking into account the fact that frequency modulation of EEG, as well as amplitude modulation, can be a marker of a number of states, it seems promising to develop a method for detecting this phenomenon and using it to evaluate a number of parameters of the brain dynamics associated with biological feedback systems. AIM: To evaluate the phenomena of frequency modulation when the user performs tasks associated with the control of external devices based on the brain–computer interface, implemented in the phenomena of electrical activity in the motor cortex area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To obtain the data, a group of thirty volunteers of both genders aged 17 to 23 years was formed. The participants of the experiment had to execute four commands and repeat them in an unknown order set by the program. The experiment was conducted in two ways: physically and mentally. That is, in the first method, each command corresponded to a certain movement of a person, in the second — the same commands were executed in imagination, the movement was imagined mentally. The command was considered successfully executed if the volunteer managed to repeat and hold the position set by the program for two seconds. RESULTS: Based on the developed method for evaluating the frequency modulation of the EEG, the dynamics of the electrical activity of the brain was studied in the range of 9 Hz to 12 Hz when a user was performing real and imaginary movements. A comparative analysis showed that the differences were mostly recorded in the condition when the subject did not achieve the goal. At the same time, the differences to a greater extent were observed in the experiments where the subject had to make real, rather than imaginary movements. The significant differences between low- and high-frequency modulations were associated with the inability for the user to generate the requested command, which he could see by the biofeedback mechanism. It has been established that the greater the number of high-frequency restructures observed on the EEG, the smaller number of low-frequency restructures occur at the same epoch of analysis. CONCLUSION: The results obtained considerably expand the understanding of the mechanisms of frequency modulation of the EEG. In general, the methods and algorithms underlying the analysis that permitted their identification can be used to solve a wide range of tasks related to processing of EEG signals, including improvement of methods for detecting user errors by EEG when controlling brain-computer interface devices.
{"title":"Change in Frequency Modulation of Electroencephalographic Activity in Imaginary and Real Limb Movement","authors":"Yaroslav А. Тurovskiу, A.S. Davydova, Viktor Yu. Alekseyev","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj159386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj159386","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Investigation of electroencephalographic activity as a marker of cognitive processes in the brain traditionally focuses on the analysis in the frequency domain considering rhythms of encephalogram (EEG) as potential carriers of information needed for research. At the same time, analysis of the EEG frequency modulation effects requires improvement of approaches in the field of digital signal processing. Taking into account the fact that frequency modulation of EEG, as well as amplitude modulation, can be a marker of a number of states, it seems promising to develop a method for detecting this phenomenon and using it to evaluate a number of parameters of the brain dynamics associated with biological feedback systems. AIM: To evaluate the phenomena of frequency modulation when the user performs tasks associated with the control of external devices based on the brain–computer interface, implemented in the phenomena of electrical activity in the motor cortex area. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: To obtain the data, a group of thirty volunteers of both genders aged 17 to 23 years was formed. The participants of the experiment had to execute four commands and repeat them in an unknown order set by the program. The experiment was conducted in two ways: physically and mentally. That is, in the first method, each command corresponded to a certain movement of a person, in the second — the same commands were executed in imagination, the movement was imagined mentally. The command was considered successfully executed if the volunteer managed to repeat and hold the position set by the program for two seconds. \u0000RESULTS: Based on the developed method for evaluating the frequency modulation of the EEG, the dynamics of the electrical activity of the brain was studied in the range of 9 Hz to 12 Hz when a user was performing real and imaginary movements. A comparative analysis showed that the differences were mostly recorded in the condition when the subject did not achieve the goal. At the same time, the differences to a greater extent were observed in the experiments where the subject had to make real, rather than imaginary movements. The significant differences between low- and high-frequency modulations were associated with the inability for the user to generate the requested command, which he could see by the biofeedback mechanism. It has been established that the greater the number of high-frequency restructures observed on the EEG, the smaller number of low-frequency restructures occur at the same epoch of analysis. \u0000CONCLUSION: The results obtained considerably expand the understanding of the mechanisms of frequency modulation of the EEG. In general, the methods and algorithms underlying the analysis that permitted their identification can be used to solve a wide range of tasks related to processing of EEG signals, including improvement of methods for detecting user errors by EEG when controlling brain-computer interface devices.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"83 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139381458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olga S. Tonkikh, Iuliya G. Samoylova, Mariya V. Matveyeva, Lyudmila M. Shuliko
INTRODUCTION: The results of numerous studies indicate a high prevalence of cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of computerized training in cognitive rehabilitation in individuals with type 1 and type 2 DM, taking into account the dynamics of brain perfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled study. The study group consisted of 25 patients with type 1 DM and 30 patients with type 2 DM aged 23 to 67 years. The comparison group included 20 patients with type 1 DM (mean age 28.4 years) and 20 patients with type 2 DM (mean age 56.0 years). Before and after the rehabilitation course, the patients of the study group underwent a general clinical examination, a blood test for carbohydrate metabolism, cognitive function testing using the Montreal Scale (MoCA test), contrast-free perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Active rehabilitation lasted 6 month; it was based on a computerized training, including exercises on verbal and nonverbal intelligence. RESULTS: On the initial examination, all the subjects did not have the achieved target level of glycated hemoglobin. After completion of the training program, a decrease in the parameter in both groups was noted, as well as a decrease in the mean level of fasting glycemia in people with type 1 DM. The result of neuropsychological testing in all patients at the initial stage corresponded to the diagnosis of ‘cognitive dysfunction’. The control test revealed an improvement in cognitive status according to the overall score, the abstraction scale, speech, memory and visual-constructive skills. Correlation analysis in the group with type 1 DM showed that the result of exercises on visual attention and auditory perception was influenced by memory function. In individuals with type 2 DM, increased glycated hemoglobin was associated with a decrease in cognitive functions according to the overall score of the MoCA test, as well as in tasks for speech, memory, visual-constructive skills. Dynamic analysis of changes in the MRI picture revealed hypoperfusion in the area of the right and left thalamus in patients with type 1 and type 2 DM, respectively, as well as increased perfusion of the white matter of the right parietal lobe in the group with type 1 DM, and in the putamen area on the left in the group with type 2 DM. CONCLUSION: In patients with type 1 and type 2 DM, as well as with cognitive deficit, who underwent a course of cognitive rehabilitation using computerized training, an improvement in cognitive status was noted, which was confirmed by the results of contrast-free perfusion MRI. to evaluate the effectiveness of computerized training in cognitive rehabilitation in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, taking into account the dynamics of brain perfusion.
{"title":"Dynamic Changes in Brain Perfusion after Cognitive Rehabilitation in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Olga S. Tonkikh, Iuliya G. Samoylova, Mariya V. Matveyeva, Lyudmila M. Shuliko","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj125618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj125618","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The results of numerous studies indicate a high prevalence of cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). \u0000AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of computerized training in cognitive rehabilitation in individuals with type 1 and type 2 DM, taking into account the dynamics of brain perfusion. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled study. The study group consisted of 25 patients with type 1 DM and 30 patients with type 2 DM aged 23 to 67 years. The comparison group included 20 patients with type 1 DM (mean age 28.4 years) and 20 patients with type 2 DM (mean age 56.0 years). Before and after the rehabilitation course, the patients of the study group underwent a general clinical examination, a blood test for carbohydrate metabolism, cognitive function testing using the Montreal Scale (MoCA test), contrast-free perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Active rehabilitation lasted 6 month; it was based on a computerized training, including exercises on verbal and nonverbal intelligence. \u0000RESULTS: On the initial examination, all the subjects did not have the achieved target level of glycated hemoglobin. After completion of the training program, a decrease in the parameter in both groups was noted, as well as a decrease in the mean level of fasting glycemia in people with type 1 DM. The result of neuropsychological testing in all patients at the initial stage corresponded to the diagnosis of ‘cognitive dysfunction’. The control test revealed an improvement in cognitive status according to the overall score, the abstraction scale, speech, memory and visual-constructive skills. Correlation analysis in the group with type 1 DM showed that the result of exercises on visual attention and auditory perception was influenced by memory function. In individuals with type 2 DM, increased glycated hemoglobin was associated with a decrease in cognitive functions according to the overall score of the MoCA test, as well as in tasks for speech, memory, visual-constructive skills. Dynamic analysis of changes in the MRI picture revealed hypoperfusion in the area of the right and left thalamus in patients with type 1 and type 2 DM, respectively, as well as increased perfusion of the white matter of the right parietal lobe in the group with type 1 DM, and in the putamen area on the left in the group with type 2 DM. \u0000CONCLUSION: In patients with type 1 and type 2 DM, as well as with cognitive deficit, who underwent a course of cognitive rehabilitation using computerized training, an improvement in cognitive status was noted, which was confirmed by the results of contrast-free perfusion MRI. to evaluate the effectiveness of computerized training in cognitive rehabilitation in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, taking into account the dynamics of brain perfusion.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"2 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Y. Kalinin, I. Suchkov, A. S. Pshennikov, R. Zorin, N. A. Solyanik, Aleksandr A. Nikiforov, E. A. Klimentova, Irina V. Vezenova, G. A. Leonov, Aleksandr O. Burshinov
INTRODUCTION: In the large studies such as NASCET, ESCT, VACS, ACAS and ACST-1, the role of alteration of the cognitive functions of a patient in the early and long-term postoperative periods have not been determined. AIM: To evaluate the biochemical parameters of cerebral functions, the cognitive status of patients, and their interrelation after carotid endarterectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 60 patients divided into two groups. The mean age was 67.3 ± 7.9 years, there were 49 (81%) men and 19 (19%) women. Group A included ‘symptomatic’ patients (n = 30) who underwent carotid endarterectomy and had a history of an acute cerebrovascular event. Group B included ‘asymptomatic’ patients (n = 30) who underwent carotid endarterectomy but had no history of cerebrovascular events. As part of the study, the following data were evaluated within a 6-month period: cognitive status (on MMSE, FAB, MoCA-test, NIHSS scales), biochemical parameters (S100b protein, neuron specific enolase (NSE), brain derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF)) and the ultrasound data of the carotid arteries. RESULTS: Patients of group A showed improvement of the cognitive status by the 6th month on MMSE scale (p = 0.001) and in MoCA-test (p = 0.09) relative to the initial parameters; on FAB scale relative to the data after 1 month (p = 0.01); a decline of the level of neurological deficit on NIHSS scale (p = 0.01). In group A, an inverse correlation was found between the results on MMSE scale and resistance index (r = -0.675; p = 0.005), and a direct correlation between the results on FAB scale and the end diastolic pressure in the internal carotid artery (r = +0.912; p = 0.005) according to the ultrasound data. The data obtained in group B, reflected improvement of the cognitive status by the 6th month only by 2 points on MoCA test (p = 0. 03) relative to the initial data. Besides, in 6 months after the surgery, there was a 2-fold increase in S100b marker (p = 0.01) and NSE protein (p = 0.02) and a 1.5-fold increase in BDNF protein as compared to the initial values (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Carotid endarterectomy leads to improvement of the cognitive status evaluated on MMSE, FAB, MoCA, NIHSS scales in the long-term postoperative period in symptomatic patients. The extent of improvement of neuropsychological status depends on the level of the end diastolic pressure and resistance index in the internal carotid artery on the operated side.
{"title":"Evaluation of Cognitive and Biochemical Brain Status in Patients after Carotid Endarterectomy","authors":"R. Y. Kalinin, I. Suchkov, A. S. Pshennikov, R. Zorin, N. A. Solyanik, Aleksandr A. Nikiforov, E. A. Klimentova, Irina V. Vezenova, G. A. Leonov, Aleksandr O. Burshinov","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj585436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj585436","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: In the large studies such as NASCET, ESCT, VACS, ACAS and ACST-1, the role of alteration of the cognitive functions of a patient in the early and long-term postoperative periods have not been determined. \u0000AIM: To evaluate the biochemical parameters of cerebral functions, the cognitive status of patients, and their interrelation after carotid endarterectomy. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 60 patients divided into two groups. The mean age was 67.3 ± 7.9 years, there were 49 (81%) men and 19 (19%) women. Group A included ‘symptomatic’ patients (n = 30) who underwent carotid endarterectomy and had a history of an acute cerebrovascular event. Group B included ‘asymptomatic’ patients (n = 30) who underwent carotid endarterectomy but had no history of cerebrovascular events. As part of the study, the following data were evaluated within a 6-month period: cognitive status (on MMSE, FAB, MoCA-test, NIHSS scales), biochemical parameters (S100b protein, neuron specific enolase (NSE), brain derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF)) and the ultrasound data of the carotid arteries. \u0000RESULTS: Patients of group A showed improvement of the cognitive status by the 6th month on MMSE scale (p = 0.001) and in MoCA-test (p = 0.09) relative to the initial parameters; on FAB scale relative to the data after 1 month (p = 0.01); a decline of the level of neurological deficit on NIHSS scale (p = 0.01). In group A, an inverse correlation was found between the results on MMSE scale and resistance index (r = -0.675; p = 0.005), and a direct correlation between the results on FAB scale and the end diastolic pressure in the internal carotid artery (r = +0.912; p = 0.005) according to the ultrasound data. The data obtained in group B, reflected improvement of the cognitive status by the 6th month only by 2 points on MoCA test (p = 0. 03) relative to the initial data. Besides, in 6 months after the surgery, there was a 2-fold increase in S100b marker (p = 0.01) and NSE protein (p = 0.02) and a 1.5-fold increase in BDNF protein as compared to the initial values (p = 0.005). \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Carotid endarterectomy leads to improvement of the cognitive status evaluated on MMSE, FAB, MoCA, NIHSS scales in the long-term postoperative period in symptomatic patients. The extent of improvement of neuropsychological status depends on the level of the end diastolic pressure and resistance index in the internal carotid artery on the operated side.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139382581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Igor' E. Esaulenko, Tat'yana N. Petrova, Aleksey A. Tolbin, O. Saurina
INTRODUCTION: Increased attention to the early detection and prevention of malignant neoplasms (MNP) is conditioned by their high medical and social significance. AIM: To develop a methodology of early defection and stratification of risk for development of MNP at the outpatient stage using modern information technologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of the official statistics of Rosstat and Health Ministry of Russia for the Voronezh region (VR) were used. To collect the primary information about the level of oncological alertness (OA) of primary care workers, a survey was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire (Oncological Alertness on an Outpatient Visit) which contained 10 questions reflecting the frequency of MNP and precancer detection, doctors’ knowledge, methods of early diagnosis and patient routing in case this pathology is identified. In the survey, 112 medical workers participated. To identify MNP at early stages, methods of evaluation and stratification of the risk of MNP development were elaborated on the basis of a multi-stage analysis of significance of the identified risk factors (‘danger signals’) with the use of artificial intelligence. The method was tried on a test sample (100 patients, MNP in 55). RESULTS: A ‘rough’ increase in the incidence rate for 2013–2022 was 11.4%. The mortality rate from MNPs in 2022 was 170.5 per 100 thousand cases, which is 0.2 higher than in the previous year. About 60% of the newly identified MNPs were diagnosed at III–IV stage. A comprehensive study of the causative factors of advanced cases permitted to identify the most significant ones: late seeking medical care, latent asymptomatic course of MNP and insufficient OA level of primary care physicians. When testing the developed technique, the probability for the development of the disease was estimated as high in 41 (82%) patients with MNP, medium in 7 (14%), and in 2 (4%) patients the prognosis was erroneous — a low probability was predicted. Of the 50 patients who did not have MNP at the time of examination, 23 (46%) were referred to the group of low, 21 (42%) — of medium, 6 (12%) — of high risk of having a MNP. After the introduction of the developed technique, the detectability of gastric cancer increased by 3%, of colon cancer — by 2%, of tracheal, bronchial and lung cancer — by 6%, of breast, cervix and prostate cancer — by 1%, 8%, and 2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The developed method permits to identify and exclude unreliable data, to select the optimal feature space characterized by the minimal dimension with sufficient informational value. This permits identification of precancerous conditions at the preclinical stage and facilitates timely detection of MNP at early stages.
{"title":"Optimization of System of Early Detection of Oncological Diseases in Outpatient Medical Organizations","authors":"Igor' E. Esaulenko, Tat'yana N. Petrova, Aleksey A. Tolbin, O. Saurina","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj609568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj609568","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Increased attention to the early detection and prevention of malignant neoplasms (MNP) is conditioned by their high medical and social significance. \u0000AIM: To develop a methodology of early defection and stratification of risk for development of MNP at the outpatient stage using modern information technologies. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of the official statistics of Rosstat and Health Ministry of Russia for the Voronezh region (VR) were used. To collect the primary information about the level of oncological alertness (OA) of primary care workers, a survey was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire (Oncological Alertness on an Outpatient Visit) which contained 10 questions reflecting the frequency of MNP and precancer detection, doctors’ knowledge, methods of early diagnosis and patient routing in case this pathology is identified. In the survey, 112 medical workers participated. To identify MNP at early stages, methods of evaluation and stratification of the risk of MNP development were elaborated on the basis of a multi-stage analysis of significance of the identified risk factors (‘danger signals’) with the use of artificial intelligence. The method was tried on a test sample (100 patients, MNP in 55). \u0000RESULTS: A ‘rough’ increase in the incidence rate for 2013–2022 was 11.4%. The mortality rate from MNPs in 2022 was 170.5 per 100 thousand cases, which is 0.2 higher than in the previous year. About 60% of the newly identified MNPs were diagnosed at III–IV stage. A comprehensive study of the causative factors of advanced cases permitted to identify the most significant ones: late seeking medical care, latent asymptomatic course of MNP and insufficient OA level of primary care physicians. When testing the developed technique, the probability for the development of the disease was estimated as high in 41 (82%) patients with MNP, medium in 7 (14%), and in 2 (4%) patients the prognosis was erroneous — a low probability was predicted. Of the 50 patients who did not have MNP at the time of examination, 23 (46%) were referred to the group of low, 21 (42%) — of medium, 6 (12%) — of high risk of having a MNP. After the introduction of the developed technique, the detectability of gastric cancer increased by 3%, of colon cancer — by 2%, of tracheal, bronchial and lung cancer — by 6%, of breast, cervix and prostate cancer — by 1%, 8%, and 2%, respectively. \u0000CONCLUSION: The developed method permits to identify and exclude unreliable data, to select the optimal feature space characterized by the minimal dimension with sufficient informational value. This permits identification of precancerous conditions at the preclinical stage and facilitates timely detection of MNP at early stages.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"27 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonina R. Nabiyeva, Anna V. Lutsenko, T.N. Shelepova, Lyudmila P. Voronina
INTRODUCTION: According to the clinical recommendations, the primacy in diagnosis of leprosy still remains with the laboratory methods, but the disease can also be suspected by the external pathological alterations in the face and limbs. This article presents a case report of one of leprosy masks commonly observed in lepromatous form of multibacterial leprosy (facies leonine), and also shows a combination of leprosy and acne rosacea in the form of rhinophyma. CONCLUSION: Differential diagnosis did not permit the authors to rest only on the diagnosis of leprosy, because too many details indicated the simultaneous presence of vascular and fibrous alterations of the soft nose tissues uncharacteristic of leprosy, which were diagnosed as a concomitant rhinophyma. The case is indicative as an example of a possible combination of vivid clinical manifestations of two diseases of different nature, which can both hide and imitate each other.
{"title":"Rhinophyma in a Patient with Multibacterial Indeterminate Leprosy","authors":"Antonina R. Nabiyeva, Anna V. Lutsenko, T.N. Shelepova, Lyudmila P. Voronina","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj430396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj430396","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: According to the clinical recommendations, the primacy in diagnosis of leprosy still remains with the laboratory methods, but the disease can also be suspected by the external pathological alterations in the face and limbs. This article presents a case report of one of leprosy masks commonly observed in lepromatous form of multibacterial leprosy (facies leonine), and also shows a combination of leprosy and acne rosacea in the form of rhinophyma. \u0000CONCLUSION: Differential diagnosis did not permit the authors to rest only on the diagnosis of leprosy, because too many details indicated the simultaneous presence of vascular and fibrous alterations of the soft nose tissues uncharacteristic of leprosy, which were diagnosed as a concomitant rhinophyma. The case is indicative as an example of a possible combination of vivid clinical manifestations of two diseases of different nature, which can both hide and imitate each other.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. V. Chernykh, Mariya A. Kopanitsa, A. V. Shchul’kin, E. Yakusheva, Andrey Yu. Ershov, A. Martynenkov, I. V. Lagoda, Alexandra M. Volkova
INTRODUCTION: Use of metal nanoparticles is a promising trend in oncotherapy. AIM: To evaluate cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified with fucose, lactose and galactose residues, on Caco-2 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were cultured to a monolayer with GHPs in concentrations of 10 g/ml600 g/ml for particles with fucose, 10 g/ml900 g/ml for particles with lactose and 10 g/ml550 g/ml for particles with galactose. As non-tumor cells, Caco-2 cells were used after differentiation into small-intestine enterocytes (incubation time 21 days). The cytotoxicity of GNPs was evaluated in MTT-test after incubation with cells for 2 hours, 8 hours and 24 hours. A comparison drug was fluorouracil in concentrations of 50 g/ml2000 g/ml. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated in GraphPad Prism 8.4.3 program. RESULTS: IC50 for GNPs with fucose for tumor cells was 582 29 and 336 36 g/ml after incubation for 2 hours and 8 hours, respectively; for GNPs with lactose 769 50 and 515 45 g/ml, for GNPs with galactose 467 299 and 299 28 g/ml. For differentiated cells, IC50 for all types of GNPs was higher than for tumor cells after incubation for 2 and 8 hours: for particles with fucose 530 3 and 410 15 g/ml; for particles with lactose 831 7 and 639 14 g/ml; for particles with galactose 511 21 (p = 0.018) and 376 36 g/ml, respectively. After 24-hour incubation of Caco-2 cells with fucose, IC50 did not differ for tumor and differentiated varieties. For other GNPs, IC50 for tumor cells was higher than for differentiated cells. Fluorouracil showed cytotoxicity for tumor cells with IC50 2108 19 and 1764 193 g/ml after 2 hours and 8 hours of incubation, respectively. For differentiated cells, IC50 of fluorouracil was 1694 102 g/ml after 2-hour incubation and 1694 102 g/ml after 8-hour incubation. There were no differences between IC50 of fluorouracil for differentiated and tumor cells with equal incubation time. CONCLUSION: GNPs with fucose, lactose and galactose have a cytotoxic effect on human colon adenocarcinoma cells and in the activity are superior to fluorouracil.
{"title":"Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Gold Glyconanoparticles of Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells","authors":"I. V. Chernykh, Mariya A. Kopanitsa, A. V. Shchul’kin, E. Yakusheva, Andrey Yu. Ershov, A. Martynenkov, I. V. Lagoda, Alexandra M. Volkova","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj112525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj112525","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Use of metal nanoparticles is a promising trend in oncotherapy. \u0000AIM: To evaluate cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified with fucose, lactose and galactose residues, on Caco-2 cells. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were cultured to a monolayer with GHPs in concentrations of 10 g/ml600 g/ml for particles with fucose, 10 g/ml900 g/ml for particles with lactose and 10 g/ml550 g/ml for particles with galactose. As non-tumor cells, Caco-2 cells were used after differentiation into small-intestine enterocytes (incubation time 21 days). The cytotoxicity of GNPs was evaluated in MTT-test after incubation with cells for 2 hours, 8 hours and 24 hours. A comparison drug was fluorouracil in concentrations of 50 g/ml2000 g/ml. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated in GraphPad Prism 8.4.3 program. \u0000RESULTS: IC50 for GNPs with fucose for tumor cells was 582 29 and 336 36 g/ml after incubation for 2 hours and 8 hours, respectively; for GNPs with lactose 769 50 and 515 45 g/ml, for GNPs with galactose 467 299 and 299 28 g/ml. For differentiated cells, IC50 for all types of GNPs was higher than for tumor cells after incubation for 2 and 8 hours: for particles with fucose 530 3 and 410 15 g/ml; for particles with lactose 831 7 and 639 14 g/ml; for particles with galactose 511 21 (p = 0.018) and 376 36 g/ml, respectively. After 24-hour incubation of Caco-2 cells with fucose, IC50 did not differ for tumor and differentiated varieties. For other GNPs, IC50 for tumor cells was higher than for differentiated cells. Fluorouracil showed cytotoxicity for tumor cells with IC50 2108 19 and 1764 193 g/ml after 2 hours and 8 hours of incubation, respectively. For differentiated cells, IC50 of fluorouracil was 1694 102 g/ml after 2-hour incubation and 1694 102 g/ml after 8-hour incubation. There were no differences between IC50 of fluorouracil for differentiated and tumor cells with equal incubation time. \u0000CONCLUSION: GNPs with fucose, lactose and galactose have a cytotoxic effect on human colon adenocarcinoma cells and in the activity are superior to fluorouracil.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114209601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION: The issues of accessibility, quality of organization and satisfaction of Russian citizens with dental orthopedic care (DOC) are insufficiently studied and covered in the literature, which increases the relevance of the topic of our study Scientific Substantiation of Criteria and Pa-rameters of Accessibility and Quality of Organization of Dental Orthopedic Care. For this study, a medico-sociological toolkit is tested, which presents a questionnaire of 36 questions developed by the authors for evaluation of the quality of organization of DOC and of its affordability for the population. AIM: To test the medico-sociological toolkit by evaluating the filling out of the questionnaire by patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The questionnaire was developed on the basis of ethical and de-ontological principles with taking into account the quality management standards (ISO 9001:2015). In a comparative analysis and evaluation of affordability of DOC, the level of family income of patients was expressed in relative parameters minimum living wages. The pilot study was conducted on the basis of an enlarged dental clinic with surveying 41 patients who received DOC. RESULTS: Filling out of the questionnaire by patients of a dental clinic was evaluated in part of the study of affordability and the study of satisfaction with the quality of DOC organization 7 and 12 questions, respectively. Positive results of testing of the medico-sociological toolkit are presented. CONCLUSION: In the course of the pilot study, the Questionnaire was tested, no primary cor-rections were required. The algorithm of processing and analysis of the primary materials of the planned medico-sociological study was determined.
{"title":"Testing of Medico-Sociological Toolkit for Evaluation of Quality of Organization and Affordability of Dental Orthopedic Care","authors":"I. Uspenskaya, L. Tishkina, Mikhail V. Peshkov","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj112586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj112586","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The issues of accessibility, quality of organization and satisfaction of Russian citizens with dental orthopedic care (DOC) are insufficiently studied and covered in the literature, which increases the relevance of the topic of our study Scientific Substantiation of Criteria and Pa-rameters of Accessibility and Quality of Organization of Dental Orthopedic Care. For this study, a medico-sociological toolkit is tested, which presents a questionnaire of 36 questions developed by the authors for evaluation of the quality of organization of DOC and of its affordability for the population. \u0000AIM: To test the medico-sociological toolkit by evaluating the filling out of the questionnaire by patients. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The questionnaire was developed on the basis of ethical and de-ontological principles with taking into account the quality management standards (ISO 9001:2015). In a comparative analysis and evaluation of affordability of DOC, the level of family income of patients was expressed in relative parameters minimum living wages. The pilot study was conducted on the basis of an enlarged dental clinic with surveying 41 patients who received DOC. \u0000RESULTS: Filling out of the questionnaire by patients of a dental clinic was evaluated in part of the study of affordability and the study of satisfaction with the quality of DOC organization 7 and 12 questions, respectively. Positive results of testing of the medico-sociological toolkit are presented. \u0000CONCLUSION: In the course of the pilot study, the Questionnaire was tested, no primary cor-rections were required. The algorithm of processing and analysis of the primary materials of the planned medico-sociological study was determined.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114211711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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