Aim of this letter is to review Chatbots that answer questions of vaccine-hesitant people, their utility, and their limitations in addressing psycho-social determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The authors propose a conceptual framework that could guide the development of artificial intelligence-based Chatbots and summarise the salient features of the four Chatbots discussed in the literature today, developed to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
{"title":"A Conceptual Framework for the Development of Chatbots Addressing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy","authors":"D. R. Neog, Rhythm Grover, R. Ransing, R. Ramalho","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj91196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj91196","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of this letter is to review Chatbots that answer questions of vaccine-hesitant people, their utility, and their limitations in addressing psycho-social determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The authors propose a conceptual framework that could guide the development of artificial intelligence-based Chatbots and summarise the salient features of the four Chatbots discussed in the literature today, developed to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127412508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Litvinova, Aleksey A. Dement’yev, Alexsandr A. Lyapkalo, E. P. Korshunova
INTRODUCTION: Surface water sources play an important role in supply of large cities with water. Their waters are subject to anthropogenic pollution with different chemical compounds which may be significant risk factors for the health of the population. The article presents the results of comparative sanitary-hygienic characteristics of the water quality of the Oka river in places of water intake of utility and drinking water supply system of Ryazan. Being the only surface source of water supply, the Oka river provides 53% of the total water consumption of the Ryazan population, therefore a rational choice of the place of water intake can have a considerable impact on the effectiveness of water conditioning and purification and on the final quality of drinking water. AIM: To give a comparative sanitary-hygienic characteristic of the water quality of the Oka river in places of the water intake of the utility and drinking water supply system of Ryazan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative evaluation of the water quality of the Oka river, as a surface source of water supply, was carried out based on the average long-term values of control parameters (organoleptic, microbiological, chemical) and the proportion of samples that do not meet hygienic standards in the sections of three water intakes in Ryazan in 20122019. The average parameters were compared by the method of variance analysis; for paired comparisons, Scheffe and Tamhein criteria were used, taking into account the results of Levene test. The statistical parameters were calculated in SPSS Statistics 19 program. RESULTS: The chemical composition of the Oka river water was characterized by the greatest pollution with iron (2+) and aluminum. The water of Oksky and Borkovskoy water intakes was characterized by higher average concentrations of iron (2+) and ammonia, as well as greater contamination with generalized and thermotolerant coliform bacteria, compared with the water of Sokolovsky water intake. CONCLUSION: A lower initial quality of the water in Oksky and Borkovskoy water intakes may be due to their location in the 'blind' river course characterized by the processes of eutrophication and slowed down water exchange. High concentrations of iron (2+) may be associated with supply of stream water from the underground sources or with anthropogenic pollution.
{"title":"Comparative Characteristics of Quality Parameters of Waters of the Oka River in Places of Water Intake of Utility and Drinking Water System in Ryazan","authors":"A. A. Litvinova, Aleksey A. Dement’yev, Alexsandr A. Lyapkalo, E. P. Korshunova","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj89568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj89568","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Surface water sources play an important role in supply of large cities with water. Their waters are subject to anthropogenic pollution with different chemical compounds which may be significant risk factors for the health of the population. The article presents the results of comparative sanitary-hygienic characteristics of the water quality of the Oka river in places of water intake of utility and drinking water supply system of Ryazan. Being the only surface source of water supply, the Oka river provides 53% of the total water consumption of the Ryazan population, therefore a rational choice of the place of water intake can have a considerable impact on the effectiveness of water conditioning and purification and on the final quality of drinking water. \u0000AIM: To give a comparative sanitary-hygienic characteristic of the water quality of the Oka river in places of the water intake of the utility and drinking water supply system of Ryazan. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative evaluation of the water quality of the Oka river, as a surface source of water supply, was carried out based on the average long-term values of control parameters (organoleptic, microbiological, chemical) and the proportion of samples that do not meet hygienic standards in the sections of three water intakes in Ryazan in 20122019. The average parameters were compared by the method of variance analysis; for paired comparisons, Scheffe and Tamhein criteria were used, taking into account the results of Levene test. The statistical parameters were calculated in SPSS Statistics 19 program. \u0000RESULTS: The chemical composition of the Oka river water was characterized by the greatest pollution with iron (2+) and aluminum. The water of Oksky and Borkovskoy water intakes was characterized by higher average concentrations of iron (2+) and ammonia, as well as greater contamination with generalized and thermotolerant coliform bacteria, compared with the water of Sokolovsky water intake. \u0000CONCLUSION: A lower initial quality of the water in Oksky and Borkovskoy water intakes may be due to their location in the 'blind' river course characterized by the processes of eutrophication and slowed down water exchange. High concentrations of iron (2+) may be associated with supply of stream water from the underground sources or with anthropogenic pollution.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133496918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Zhidkova, E. Gutor, K. Gurevich, Nikita V. Makogon, Z. Shugushev, D. O. Orlov, O.N. Dzhioyeva, O. Drapkina
INTRODUCTION: Health protection of railway workers of various professional groups increases the safety of railway transport, the prestige of the profession and reduces morbidity and mortality from the most common causes in this group of patients. AIM: To analyze the risk factors of sudden death among Russian Railways workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The design of the study is made according to the case-control type. Analysis was carried out of all cases of sudden death (SD) of employees of JSCo Russian Railways (RR) in the period from 2009 to 2021 (n = 412). The comparison group consisted of 411 employees of RR who were undergoing periodical medical examination. The groups were formed on the basis of age, employment period, gender, profession. To assess the diagnostic significance of the quantitative signs in predicting a certain outcome, the method of analysis of ROC curves was used. RESULTS: The chances of death for workers of RR increased in case of past myocardial infarction, and also depended on the type of intervention (p 0.001). The threshold value of the BMI index in the cut-off point, which corresponded to the highest value of Youden index, was 27.1 kg/m2. In the group of sudden deaths, there were 1.8 times more smokers and 2 times less individuals with total cholesterol level exceeding 5 mmol/l than in the comparison group (p 0.001). A prognostic model was developed by ROC-analysis to determine the probability of mortality. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 79.5% and 91.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: A prognostic model was developed to determine the probability of sudden death in Russian railway workers, with the sensitivity and specificity 79.5% and 91.9%, respectively. However, the present study did not permit to reveal predictors of sudden death specific of the workers of RR.
{"title":"Analysis of Causes of Sudden Death Among Russian Railway Workers","authors":"E. Zhidkova, E. Gutor, K. Gurevich, Nikita V. Makogon, Z. Shugushev, D. O. Orlov, O.N. Dzhioyeva, O. Drapkina","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj110985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj110985","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Health protection of railway workers of various professional groups increases the safety of railway transport, the prestige of the profession and reduces morbidity and mortality from the most common causes in this group of patients. \u0000AIM: To analyze the risk factors of sudden death among Russian Railways workers. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The design of the study is made according to the case-control type. Analysis was carried out of all cases of sudden death (SD) of employees of JSCo Russian Railways (RR) in the period from 2009 to 2021 (n = 412). The comparison group consisted of 411 employees of RR who were undergoing periodical medical examination. The groups were formed on the basis of age, employment period, gender, profession. To assess the diagnostic significance of the quantitative signs in predicting a certain outcome, the method of analysis of ROC curves was used. \u0000RESULTS: The chances of death for workers of RR increased in case of past myocardial infarction, and also depended on the type of intervention (p 0.001). The threshold value of the BMI index in the cut-off point, which corresponded to the highest value of Youden index, was 27.1 kg/m2. In the group of sudden deaths, there were 1.8 times more smokers and 2 times less individuals with total cholesterol level exceeding 5 mmol/l than in the comparison group (p 0.001). A prognostic model was developed by ROC-analysis to determine the probability of mortality. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 79.5% and 91.9%, respectively. \u0000CONCLUSION: A prognostic model was developed to determine the probability of sudden death in Russian railway workers, with the sensitivity and specificity 79.5% and 91.9%, respectively. However, the present study did not permit to reveal predictors of sudden death specific of the workers of RR.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126172494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kalmykov, I. Suchkov, R. Kalinin, Okildyhon Ne’matzoda, J. Dodkhoev
INTRODUCTION: To date, many factors that influence the risk and course of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are not studied. Increasing significance in the etiology and development of AAA is assigned to the existence of some genetic polymorphisms, the role of many of them is not studied either. AIM: To analyze the existence of association of the abdominal aortic aneurysm with some gene polymorphisms (GPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 20 patients with AAA (study group, SG); 18 men (90%) and 2 women (10%), the mean age 68.1 7.3 years), and in 5 patients without AAA (control group, CG; 4 men (80%) and 1 woman (20%), the mean age 64.2 7.2 years). The frequency of concomitant diseases and risk factors for AAA were determined. The following GPs were studied: : Lys198Asn in the EDN1 gene; C-786T in the NOS3 gene; Leu28Pro in the APOE gene; Val174Ala in the SLC01B1 gene; Thr715Pro in the SELP gene; C807T in the ITGA2 gene; Ser447Ter in the LpL gene; Thr174Met in the AGT gene; Met235Thr in the AGT gene. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21, correlation analysis ― according to Pearson. The results were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. RESULTS: In the SG, correlation relationships were identified in Ser447Ter polymorphism in the LpL gene: direct relationships with Lys198Asn polymorphism (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the EDN1 gene, Leu28Pro (r = 0.70; р 0.001) in the APOE gene and Thr715Pro (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the SELP gene; a reverse relationship with С786Т polymorphism (r = -0.35; р = 0.006) in the NOS3 gene. The same amount of relationships were found in Leu28Pro polymorphism in the APOE gene: besides with Ser447Ter in the LpL gene, there is also a direct relationship with Lys198Asn (r = 0.70; р 0.001) in the EDN1 gene and Thr715Pro (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the SELP gene; a reverse relationship with С786Т (r = -0.35; р = 0.006) in the NOS3 gene. Thr715Pro polymorphism in the SELP gene, along with relationships with Ser447Ter (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the LpL gene and Leu28Pro in the APOE gene, has an additional direct relationship with Lys198Asn (r = 0.55; р 0.001) in the EDN1 gene. Thr174Met polymorphism in the AGT gene has a reverse relationship with Leu28Pro (r = -0.35; р = 0.006) in the APOE gene and direct relationship with Val174Ala (r = 0.40; р = 0.002) in the SLC01B1 gene. With this, Met235Thr polymorphism in the AGT gene has a direct relationship with Val174Ala (r = 0.33; p = 0.011) in the SLC01B1 gene and reverse relationship with C807T in the ITGA2 gene. CONCLUSION: The existence of direct correlations of some gene polymorphisms in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm has been established, which indicates their probable role in the development of this pathology and may be used as a screening test for determination of the likelihood for its development.
{"title":"The Role and Significance of Polymorphisms of Certain Genes in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm","authors":"E. Kalmykov, I. Suchkov, R. Kalinin, Okildyhon Ne’matzoda, J. Dodkhoev","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj108311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj108311","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: To date, many factors that influence the risk and course of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are not studied. Increasing significance in the etiology and development of AAA is assigned to the existence of some genetic polymorphisms, the role of many of them is not studied either. \u0000AIM: To analyze the existence of association of the abdominal aortic aneurysm with some gene polymorphisms (GPs). \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 20 patients with AAA (study group, SG); 18 men (90%) and 2 women (10%), the mean age 68.1 7.3 years), and in 5 patients without AAA (control group, CG; 4 men (80%) and 1 woman (20%), the mean age 64.2 7.2 years). The frequency of concomitant diseases and risk factors for AAA were determined. The following GPs were studied: : Lys198Asn in the EDN1 gene; C-786T in the NOS3 gene; Leu28Pro in the APOE gene; Val174Ala in the SLC01B1 gene; Thr715Pro in the SELP gene; C807T in the ITGA2 gene; Ser447Ter in the LpL gene; Thr174Met in the AGT gene; Met235Thr in the AGT gene. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21, correlation analysis ― according to Pearson. The results were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. \u0000RESULTS: In the SG, correlation relationships were identified in Ser447Ter polymorphism in the LpL gene: direct relationships with Lys198Asn polymorphism (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the EDN1 gene, Leu28Pro (r = 0.70; р 0.001) in the APOE gene and Thr715Pro (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the SELP gene; a reverse relationship with С786Т polymorphism (r = -0.35; р = 0.006) in the NOS3 gene. The same amount of relationships were found in Leu28Pro polymorphism in the APOE gene: besides with Ser447Ter in the LpL gene, there is also a direct relationship with Lys198Asn (r = 0.70; р 0.001) in the EDN1 gene and Thr715Pro (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the SELP gene; a reverse relationship with С786Т (r = -0.35; р = 0.006) in the NOS3 gene. Thr715Pro polymorphism in the SELP gene, along with relationships with Ser447Ter (r = 0.63; р 0.001) in the LpL gene and Leu28Pro in the APOE gene, has an additional direct relationship with Lys198Asn (r = 0.55; р 0.001) in the EDN1 gene. Thr174Met polymorphism in the AGT gene has a reverse relationship with Leu28Pro (r = -0.35; р = 0.006) in the APOE gene and direct relationship with Val174Ala (r = 0.40; р = 0.002) in the SLC01B1 gene. With this, Met235Thr polymorphism in the AGT gene has a direct relationship with Val174Ala (r = 0.33; p = 0.011) in the SLC01B1 gene and reverse relationship with C807T in the ITGA2 gene. \u0000CONCLUSION: The existence of direct correlations of some gene polymorphisms in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm has been established, which indicates their probable role in the development of this pathology and may be used as a screening test for determination of the likelihood for its development.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123061409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Dylenok, V. Rybachkov, V. N. Malashenko, S. Kashin, Leonid B. Shybin
INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of oncological morbidity and mortality. AIM: To determine the effectiveness and safety of wedge resections of stomach in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) in comparison with endoscopic intraluminal treatment methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Assessment of the immediate and long-term (5 years) prognosis of 164 patients with EGC who underwent wedge resection of stomach and endoscopic intraluminal interventions was performed. One hundred twenty eight patients were operated on in the volume of endoscopic intraluminal mucosal resection or submucosal dissection (the mean age 68.5 9.2 years; men 53.7%). In 36 patients (the mean age 65.3 7.8 years; men 66.7%), according to gastroscopy in combination with chromogastroscopy, narrow-band magnification endoscopy, the tumor dimensions exceeded those recommended for endoscopic methods. Due to contraindications for classic resection interventions in such patients, wedge resections of the stomach were performed. RESULTS: In the comparison groups there was no postoperative mortality, however, in the group with use of endoscopic methods, complications were noted (perforations of the stomach and bleeding). All the complications were eliminated endoscopically. In the group of wedge resections, there were no postoperative complications, but in the long-term result, the five-year survival rate was lower than in the group of endoscopic treatment (75.0% versus 92.2%; 2 = 8.10, p = 0.004) due to a more severe comorbid pathology in the patients of wedge resection group. CONCLUSION: Safety and equal effectiveness of wedge gastric resections was established in the long-term oncological result in patients with EGC in comparison with intraluminal endoscopic methods.
导读:胃癌仍然是肿瘤发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。目的:探讨胃楔形切除术治疗早期胃癌(EGC)的有效性和安全性，并与内镜腔内治疗方法进行比较。材料和方法:对164例接受胃楔形切除术和内镜腔内介入治疗的EGC患者的近期和长期(5年)预后进行评估。128例患者行内镜下腔内粘膜切除或粘膜下剥离术，平均年龄68.5 - 9.2岁;男人53.7%)。36例患者(平均年龄65.3 - 7.8岁;男性66.7%)，经胃镜检查联合胃镜染色、窄带放大内镜检查，肿瘤尺寸超出内镜方法推荐值。由于这类患者的经典切除干预的禁忌症，我们进行了胃楔形切除术。结果:在对照组中，无术后死亡，但在使用内镜方法的组中，注意到并发症(胃穿孔和出血)。所有并发症均经内镜检查消除。楔形切除组无术后并发症，但长期观察，5年生存率低于内镜治疗组(75.0% vs 92.2%;2 = 8.10, p = 0.004)，因为楔形切除组患者的合并症病理更为严重。结论:与腔内内镜方法相比，楔形胃切除术在EGC患者的长期肿瘤学结果中具有安全性和同等有效性。
{"title":"Potentials of Minimally Invasive Technologies in Treatment for Early Gastric Cancer","authors":"A. Dylenok, V. Rybachkov, V. N. Malashenko, S. Kashin, Leonid B. Shybin","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj108923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj108923","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of oncological morbidity and mortality. \u0000AIM: To determine the effectiveness and safety of wedge resections of stomach in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) in comparison with endoscopic intraluminal treatment methods. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Assessment of the immediate and long-term (5 years) prognosis of 164 patients with EGC who underwent wedge resection of stomach and endoscopic intraluminal interventions was performed. One hundred twenty eight patients were operated on in the volume of endoscopic intraluminal mucosal resection or submucosal dissection (the mean age 68.5 9.2 years; men 53.7%). In 36 patients (the mean age 65.3 7.8 years; men 66.7%), according to gastroscopy in combination with chromogastroscopy, narrow-band magnification endoscopy, the tumor dimensions exceeded those recommended for endoscopic methods. Due to contraindications for classic resection interventions in such patients, wedge resections of the stomach were performed. \u0000RESULTS: In the comparison groups there was no postoperative mortality, however, in the group with use of endoscopic methods, complications were noted (perforations of the stomach and bleeding). All the complications were eliminated endoscopically. In the group of wedge resections, there were no postoperative complications, but in the long-term result, the five-year survival rate was lower than in the group of endoscopic treatment (75.0% versus 92.2%; 2 = 8.10, p = 0.004) due to a more severe comorbid pathology in the patients of wedge resection group. \u0000CONCLUSION: Safety and equal effectiveness of wedge gastric resections was established in the long-term oncological result in patients with EGC in comparison with intraluminal endoscopic methods.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121543658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Abalenikhina, P. Erokhina, A. A. Seidkuliyeva, Ol’ga A. Zav’yalova, A. V. Shchul’kin, E. Yakusheva
INTRODUCTION: Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a member of capncollar (CNC) family of subfamily of leucine zipper transcription factors that regulates cell protection against toxic substances and oxidants. AIM: To determine location, mechanism of activation and role of Nrf2 in conditions of oxidative stress in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2). Oxidative stress (OS) was modeled by adding hydrogen peroxide (Н2О2) at concentrations of 0.1 М100 М to the nutritive medium and incubation for 24 and 72 hours. In assessment of Nrf2 function, its inhibitor ― AEM1 ― was added to cells at a concentration of 5 М. The extent of OS development was determined using photometric methods by the concentration of protein SH-groups and carbonyl derivatives of protein, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Viability of cells was assessed by the results of cytotoxic test (MTT assay), the amount of Nrf2 in the cytoplasm and nucleus was determined by heterogenous ELISA method. RESULTS: Incubation of Caco-2 cells with Н2О2 resulted in decrease in the level of protein SH-groups and increase in the concentration of carbonyl derivatives of protein. In incubation with H2O2 at concentrations of 0.1 М10 М for 24 hours and 10 М for 72 hours, the activity of SOD increased. At concentrations of Н2О2 of 50 М and 100 М (24 hour and 72 hour), SOD activity and viability of cells decreased. Exposure to Н2О2 led to translocation of Nrf2 from the cytoplasm into nucleus. Direct correlation dependence was revealed between concentration of protein SH-groups and the amount of Nrf2 in the cytoplasm in incubation with H2O2 for 24 hour (r = 0.44, р = 0.03), 72 hour (r = 0.34, р = 0.05). The amount of Nrf2 in the nucleus positively correlated with SOD activity in the cytoplasm on exposure to H2O2 for 24 hour (r = 0.77, р = 0.0001) and 72 hour (r = 0.36, р = 0.06). In inhibition of Nrf2 in conditions of exposure to H2O2, the viability of cells decreased to a larger extent. CONCLUSION: Hydrogen peroxide induces the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which promotes activation of antioxidant enzyme SOD and preserves viability of cells of OS conditions in vitro.
简介:核因子e2相关因子2 (Nrf2)是亮氨酸拉链转录因子亚家族capncollar (CNC)家族的成员，调节细胞对有毒物质和氧化剂的保护。目的:探讨Nrf2在体外氧化应激条件下的定位、激活机制及其作用。材料与方法:本研究在人结肠腺癌细胞系(Caco-2)上进行。通过在营养培养基中加入浓度为0.1 М100 М的过氧化氢(Н2О2)并孵育24和72小时来模拟氧化应激(OS)。为了评估Nrf2的功能，将其抑制剂AEM1以5 М的浓度添加到细胞中。通过光度法测定蛋白质sh基团和蛋白质羰基衍生物的浓度以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性来确定OS的发育程度。采用细胞毒性试验(MTT法)评价细胞活力，采用异种ELISA法测定细胞质和细胞核中Nrf2的含量。结果:Н2О2与Caco-2细胞孵育后，Caco-2细胞中蛋白sh组水平降低，蛋白羰基衍生物浓度升高。与浓度为0.1 М10 М的H2O2孵育24 h和浓度为10 М的H2O2孵育72 h, SOD活性均有所提高。当Н2О2浓度为50 М和100 М(24小时和72小时)时，细胞SOD活性和活力下降。暴露于Н2О2导致Nrf2从细胞质转位到细胞核。H2O2孵育24 h (r = 0.44, r = 0.03)、72 h (r = 0.34, r = 0.05)细胞质中Nrf2含量与sh蛋白组浓度呈直接相关关系。H2O2处理24小时(r = 0.77, r = 0.0001)和72小时(r = 0.36, r = 0.06)，细胞核中Nrf2的数量与细胞质中SOD活性呈正相关。在H2O2暴露条件下，Nrf2受到抑制，细胞活力下降幅度更大。结论:过氧化氢诱导Nrf2核易位，促进体外OS条件下抗氧化酶SOD的活化，保持细胞活力。
{"title":"Intracellular Location and Function of Nuclear Factor of Erythroid Origin 2 (Nrf2) in Modeling Oxidative Stress in vitro","authors":"Y. Abalenikhina, P. Erokhina, A. A. Seidkuliyeva, Ol’ga A. Zav’yalova, A. V. Shchul’kin, E. Yakusheva","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj105574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj105574","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a member of capncollar (CNC) family of subfamily of leucine zipper transcription factors that regulates cell protection against toxic substances and oxidants. \u0000AIM: To determine location, mechanism of activation and role of Nrf2 in conditions of oxidative stress in vitro. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2). Oxidative stress (OS) was modeled by adding hydrogen peroxide (Н2О2) at concentrations of 0.1 М100 М to the nutritive medium and incubation for 24 and 72 hours. In assessment of Nrf2 function, its inhibitor ― AEM1 ― was added to cells at a concentration of 5 М. The extent of OS development was determined using photometric methods by the concentration of protein SH-groups and carbonyl derivatives of protein, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Viability of cells was assessed by the results of cytotoxic test (MTT assay), the amount of Nrf2 in the cytoplasm and nucleus was determined by heterogenous ELISA method. \u0000RESULTS: Incubation of Caco-2 cells with Н2О2 resulted in decrease in the level of protein SH-groups and increase in the concentration of carbonyl derivatives of protein. In incubation with H2O2 at concentrations of 0.1 М10 М for 24 hours and 10 М for 72 hours, the activity of SOD increased. At concentrations of Н2О2 of 50 М and 100 М (24 hour and 72 hour), SOD activity and viability of cells decreased. Exposure to Н2О2 led to translocation of Nrf2 from the cytoplasm into nucleus. Direct correlation dependence was revealed between concentration of protein SH-groups and the amount of Nrf2 in the cytoplasm in incubation with H2O2 for 24 hour (r = 0.44, р = 0.03), 72 hour (r = 0.34, р = 0.05). The amount of Nrf2 in the nucleus positively correlated with SOD activity in the cytoplasm on exposure to H2O2 for 24 hour (r = 0.77, р = 0.0001) and 72 hour (r = 0.36, р = 0.06). In inhibition of Nrf2 in conditions of exposure to H2O2, the viability of cells decreased to a larger extent. \u0000CONCLUSION: Hydrogen peroxide induces the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which promotes activation of antioxidant enzyme SOD and preserves viability of cells of OS conditions in vitro.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124576204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bikbov, T. R. Gil’manshin, G. Israfilova, E. M. Yakupova
INTRODUCTION: Currently, ametropias are the most important medical and social problem, which occupies one of the leading places in modern ophthalmology. Determination of the length of the anteroposterior eyeball axis (APEA) in myopia ― a type of ametropia directly associated with increase in the axial length of the eyeball ― is an objective method of its diagnosis and identification of progression. Due to the fact that myopia is a multifactorial disease, the study of correlation relationships of the length of the eyeball seems to be extremely relevant. AIM: To give a statistical assessment of the peculiarities of the axial length of the eyeball in the population of the Southern Urals, depending on age, gender and the respondents' settlement sites, and to determine the correlation relationships of this parameter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis was conducted on the base of Ufa Research Institute of Ophthalmology within large clinical and population studies Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS) and Ural Very Old Study (UVOS). Inclusion criteria: signing of voluntary consent to participation in the project, permanent residence in the territory of study; for inclusion in UEMS ― age from 40 to 85 years, in UVOS ― age above 85. UEMS study involved 5899 respondents, UVOS ― 1526. The study protocol suggested evaluation of 683 criteria, 293 of which were answers of respondents to questions of the questionnaire and the results of the general somatic examination, 355 criteria concerned the results of the ophthalmologic examination, 35 ― of laboratory tests. Axial length of the eyeball was measured by the method of ultrasound echo-biometry (A-scanning) (Ultra-compact A/B/P ultrasound system, Quantel Medical, France). RESULTS: The mean length of the APEA in the UEMS population was 23.31 1.08 mm, in the UVOS population ― 23.11 1.08 mm (p 0.001). The length of the eyeball axis was 23.31 1.08 mm in the age group 40-84 years and 23.11 1.08 mm in patients in the age category 85 years and older. The multivariate linear regression analysis in UEMS study showed the highest statistically significant association of APEA length with such factors as age (p 0.001), height (p 0.001), presence of arterial hypertension (p = 0.02), education level (p 0.001 ), intraocular pressure (IOP) (p 0.001), spherical refractive error (p0.001), depth of anterior chamber (p 0.001) and angle of anterior chamber (p 0.001), mosaicism of the eye fundus in the macular region (p 0.001), presence of myopic maculopathy (p 0.001), refractive power of the cornea (p 0.001), corneal volume (p 0.001), macular pigment density (p 0.001), thickness of peripapillary layer of nerve fibers (p 0.001), presence of the epiretinal membrane (p = 0.01). The multivariate linear regression analysis in UVOS study showed statistically significant association of the APEA length with such factors as height (p 0.001), education level (p = 0.002), corneal refractive power (p 0.001), spherical refraction error (p 0.001
{"title":"Morphometric Characteristics of Axial Length of Eye in Population of the Southern Urals (according to “Ural Very Old Study” and “Ural Eye and Medical Study” Research)","authors":"M. Bikbov, T. R. Gil’manshin, G. Israfilova, E. M. Yakupova","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj105239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj105239","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Currently, ametropias are the most important medical and social problem, which occupies one of the leading places in modern ophthalmology. Determination of the length of the anteroposterior eyeball axis (APEA) in myopia ― a type of ametropia directly associated with increase in the axial length of the eyeball ― is an objective method of its diagnosis and identification of progression. Due to the fact that myopia is a multifactorial disease, the study of correlation relationships of the length of the eyeball seems to be extremely relevant. \u0000AIM: To give a statistical assessment of the peculiarities of the axial length of the eyeball in the population of the Southern Urals, depending on age, gender and the respondents' settlement sites, and to determine the correlation relationships of this parameter. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis was conducted on the base of Ufa Research Institute of Ophthalmology within large clinical and population studies Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS) and Ural Very Old Study (UVOS). Inclusion criteria: signing of voluntary consent to participation in the project, permanent residence in the territory of study; for inclusion in UEMS ― age from 40 to 85 years, in UVOS ― age above 85. UEMS study involved 5899 respondents, UVOS ― 1526. The study protocol suggested evaluation of 683 criteria, 293 of which were answers of respondents to questions of the questionnaire and the results of the general somatic examination, 355 criteria concerned the results of the ophthalmologic examination, 35 ― of laboratory tests. Axial length of the eyeball was measured by the method of ultrasound echo-biometry (A-scanning) (Ultra-compact A/B/P ultrasound system, Quantel Medical, France). \u0000RESULTS: The mean length of the APEA in the UEMS population was 23.31 1.08 mm, in the UVOS population ― 23.11 1.08 mm (p 0.001). The length of the eyeball axis was 23.31 1.08 mm in the age group 40-84 years and 23.11 1.08 mm in patients in the age category 85 years and older. The multivariate linear regression analysis in UEMS study showed the highest statistically significant association of APEA length with such factors as age (p 0.001), height (p 0.001), presence of arterial hypertension (p = 0.02), education level (p 0.001 ), intraocular pressure (IOP) (p 0.001), spherical refractive error (p0.001), depth of anterior chamber (p 0.001) and angle of anterior chamber (p 0.001), mosaicism of the eye fundus in the macular region (p 0.001), presence of myopic maculopathy (p 0.001), refractive power of the cornea (p 0.001), corneal volume (p 0.001), macular pigment density (p 0.001), thickness of peripapillary layer of nerve fibers (p 0.001), presence of the epiretinal membrane (p = 0.01). The multivariate linear regression analysis in UVOS study showed statistically significant association of the APEA length with such factors as height (p 0.001), education level (p = 0.002), corneal refractive power (p 0.001), spherical refraction error (p 0.001","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114776913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andey V. Chupin, A. Zotikov, A. S. Kutovaya, A. L. Golovyuk, Aleksandr F. Kharazov, V. A. Kul’bak, A. Kozhanova, A. Varava, Irina E. Tiimina
INTRODUCTION: PNonspecific aortoarteritis is a rare autoimmune disease with the involvement and narrowing of the aorta and its branches leading to ischemia of the respective arterial region. In the territory of the Russian Federation, the most common manifestation of Takayasu nonspecific aortoarteritis is lesion of the branches of the aortic arch, which in rare cases leads to development of the so called bald arch syndrome. In response to hypoxia, intersystemic collaterals are formed through the neoangiogenesis or redirection of the blood flow from the occluded vessels to small-diameter vessels. In patients with bald arch syndrome, the key role in blood supply to the brain is played by the vertebral arteries. Here, collateral blood supply is realized through the intersystemic anastomoses, most often through the anastomotic leaks between the intercostal and internal thoracic arteries. In the literature, single cases of formation of collaterals between coronary and bronchial arteries are reported. The article presents a clinical case of coronary-vertebral anastomoses in a patient with extremely severe course of Takayasu arteritis with occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery (CA), left common CA, right internal CA, left internal CA (bald arch syndrome). The probable cause of such course of the disease was late referral for medical help by the patient and lack of adequate basic therapy. CONCLUSION: The demonstrated case is the fourth case in the world literature describing the existence of collaterals between the coronary arteries and cerebral arteries, and the first case in the world describing the existence of collaterals from the right and left coronary arteries to the vertebral artery. Such unusual pathway of collateral blood supply in the patient is explained by the absence of the possibility for collateral compensation from the systems of subclavian and intercostal arteries, severe chronic cerebral ischemia. Usually, the causes of angina pectoris in patients with nonspecific aortoarteritis are spread of arteritis to the coronary arteries, insufficiency of the aortic valve, hypertrophy of the left ventricle. In the described case, none of these conditions was present, and angina can only be attributed to the existence of unusual collaterals and the development of a transient steal syndrome.
{"title":"Coronary-Vertebral Collaterals in Takayasu Arteritis: Case Report","authors":"Andey V. Chupin, A. Zotikov, A. S. Kutovaya, A. L. Golovyuk, Aleksandr F. Kharazov, V. A. Kul’bak, A. Kozhanova, A. Varava, Irina E. Tiimina","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj104656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj104656","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: PNonspecific aortoarteritis is a rare autoimmune disease with the involvement and narrowing of the aorta and its branches leading to ischemia of the respective arterial region. In the territory of the Russian Federation, the most common manifestation of Takayasu nonspecific aortoarteritis is lesion of the branches of the aortic arch, which in rare cases leads to development of the so called bald arch syndrome. In response to hypoxia, intersystemic collaterals are formed through the neoangiogenesis or redirection of the blood flow from the occluded vessels to small-diameter vessels. In patients with bald arch syndrome, the key role in blood supply to the brain is played by the vertebral arteries. Here, collateral blood supply is realized through the intersystemic anastomoses, most often through the anastomotic leaks between the intercostal and internal thoracic arteries. In the literature, single cases of formation of collaterals between coronary and bronchial arteries are reported. The article presents a clinical case of coronary-vertebral anastomoses in a patient with extremely severe course of Takayasu arteritis with occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery (CA), left common CA, right internal CA, left internal CA (bald arch syndrome). The probable cause of such course of the disease was late referral for medical help by the patient and lack of adequate basic therapy. \u0000CONCLUSION: The demonstrated case is the fourth case in the world literature describing the existence of collaterals between the coronary arteries and cerebral arteries, and the first case in the world describing the existence of collaterals from the right and left coronary arteries to the vertebral artery. Such unusual pathway of collateral blood supply in the patient is explained by the absence of the possibility for collateral compensation from the systems of subclavian and intercostal arteries, severe chronic cerebral ischemia. Usually, the causes of angina pectoris in patients with nonspecific aortoarteritis are spread of arteritis to the coronary arteries, insufficiency of the aortic valve, hypertrophy of the left ventricle. In the described case, none of these conditions was present, and angina can only be attributed to the existence of unusual collaterals and the development of a transient steal syndrome.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127815157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Mazikin, M. Lapkin, Mariya V. Akulina, P. A. Kulagin
INTRODUCTION: One of the parameters of the functional reserves of the human body is the level of physical fitness, which depends not only on the improvement of various methods used in the education of students in physical culture, but also on the individual characteristics of students, including parameters of their functional lateralization. AIM: To establish the character of the interrelations between the parameters of functional lateralization and the parameters of physical fitness in medical university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Functional lateralization was determined by both the conventional test methods and by the method of neuro-energo mapping in 120 practically healthy medical university students of male gender aged 18 to 23 years. Physical fitness was assessed in conventional tests for determination of strength fitness, speed-strength fitness, speed endurance. All the data were processed using non-parametric statistical methods and correlation and cluster analysis. RESULTS: Based on the criterion of physical fitness, young men were divided to two groups: a group with a relatively high level of speed and strength endurance and flexibility (cluster 1, n = 71), and a group with a relatively high level of strength fitness (cluster 1, n = 49). Both the integral (coefficient of lateral organization profile CLOP) and partial parameters (manual and sensory asymmetry) of the functional lateralization were higher in the representatives of cluster 2, with this, the analysis of changes of the permanent potential level (method of neuro-energo mapping) in functional tests showed only an emerging tendency in the differences between the clusters. Also, in cluster 1, weak (r 0.3, р 0.05) negative relationships between the parameters of functional lateralization were found in behavioral tests, and between changes in the permanent potential level of the left and right cerebral hemispheres (TdTs lead) in load tests. In the representatives of the second cluster, no correlations were found. CONCLUSION: The results of the performed comprehensive analysis evidence, in the authors opinion, the differences in the central-peripheral relationships in the systemic organization of physiological functions that determine non-uniform physical fitness in young men with a relatively high level of speed-strength endurance and flexibility (cluster 1) and those with a relatively high level of strength fitness (cluster 2).
人体功能储备的参数之一是体质水平，这不仅取决于对学生进行体育教育的各种方法的改进，还取决于学生的个体特征，包括其功能偏侧参数。目的:探讨医科大学生功能偏侧参数与体质参数之间的相互关系特征。材料与方法:对120名年龄在18 ~ 23岁的实际健康男医科大学生，采用常规测试方法和神经能量定位法测定功能偏侧。身体素质是通过常规测试来评估的，以确定力量适能、速度-力量适能和速度耐力。所有数据均采用非参数统计方法、相关分析和聚类分析进行处理。结果:以体能标准为依据，将青年男性分为速度、力量耐力、柔韧性水平较高的组(第1组，n = 71)和力量体能水平较高的组(第1组，n = 49)。功能侧化的积分(侧组织剖面CLOP系数)和部分参数(手动和感觉不对称)在集群2的代表中都较高，因此，功能测试中永久电位水平(神经能量映射法)的变化分析显示集群之间的差异只是一个新兴的趋势。此外，在第1类中，行为测试中功能侧化参数之间以及负载测试中左右脑半球永久电位水平变化之间存在弱负相关(r 0.3, r 0.05)。在第二组的代表中，没有发现相关性。结论:综合分析结果表明，在速度-力量耐力和柔韧性水平较高的青年男性(第1类)和力量素质较高的青年男性(第2类)中，生理功能系统组织中中枢-外周关系的差异决定了身体素质的不均匀性。
{"title":"Parameters of Functional Lateral Organization of Students of Medical University with Different Levels of Physical Fitness","authors":"I. Mazikin, M. Lapkin, Mariya V. Akulina, P. A. Kulagin","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj96768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj96768","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: One of the parameters of the functional reserves of the human body is the level of physical fitness, which depends not only on the improvement of various methods used in the education of students in physical culture, but also on the individual characteristics of students, including parameters of their functional lateralization. \u0000AIM: To establish the character of the interrelations between the parameters of functional lateralization and the parameters of physical fitness in medical university students. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Functional lateralization was determined by both the conventional test methods and by the method of neuro-energo mapping in 120 practically healthy medical university students of male gender aged 18 to 23 years. Physical fitness was assessed in conventional tests for determination of strength fitness, speed-strength fitness, speed endurance. All the data were processed using non-parametric statistical methods and correlation and cluster analysis. \u0000RESULTS: Based on the criterion of physical fitness, young men were divided to two groups: a group with a relatively high level of speed and strength endurance and flexibility (cluster 1, n = 71), and a group with a relatively high level of strength fitness (cluster 1, n = 49). Both the integral (coefficient of lateral organization profile CLOP) and partial parameters (manual and sensory asymmetry) of the functional lateralization were higher in the representatives of cluster 2, with this, the analysis of changes of the permanent potential level (method of neuro-energo mapping) in functional tests showed only an emerging tendency in the differences between the clusters. Also, in cluster 1, weak (r 0.3, р 0.05) negative relationships between the parameters of functional lateralization were found in behavioral tests, and between changes in the permanent potential level of the left and right cerebral hemispheres (TdTs lead) in load tests. In the representatives of the second cluster, no correlations were found. \u0000CONCLUSION: The results of the performed comprehensive analysis evidence, in the authors opinion, the differences in the central-peripheral relationships in the systemic organization of physiological functions that determine non-uniform physical fitness in young men with a relatively high level of speed-strength endurance and flexibility (cluster 1) and those with a relatively high level of strength fitness (cluster 2).","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127539772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Gayduk, P. Cumming, Viktoriya V. Chernikova, Y. V. Vlasov, D. Smirnova
INTRODUCTION: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare hereditary disabling disease and the most common hereditary cause of infant deaths. The timely comprehensive diagnosis of SMA permits to plan therapeutic tactics and preserve the quality of patients life. One of the objectives of the given work is a review of the actual literature data on etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, valid diagnosis and modern effective tactics of SMA management. AIM: To evaluate the management tactics of patients with SMA taking into account neuropsychiatric symptoms, to analyze problems of proposal and organization of measures aimed at improvement of the quality of medical care, on the basis of the practical experience of the Samara region and with consideration of the current state of the problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the work, the data of the archive of Seredavin Samara Regional Clinical Hospital were analyzed, 132 medical histories of 77 patients were processed with discharge dates from January 2008 to February 2022 with the following diagnoses (according to the code of the International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problem, 10th revision (ICD-10)): G12.0 (spinal muscular atrophy, type I [WerdnigHoffmann disease], G12.1 (other hereditary SMA), G12.8 (other SMA and related syndromes) and G12.9 (unspecified SMA). The analysis of the results of clinical, laboratory, instrumental and neuropsychiatric diagnostic methods was performed in comparison with the tactics of therapeutic management of these patients. For statistical processing of the data, methods of descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: Socio-demographic data. As of February 2022, 58 patients were registered (mean age 38.4 (41.3) years, of them 32 (55.2%) were individuals of female gender including 21 children (mean age 12.3 (7.4) years, 14 (24.1%) girls), with the following diagnoses according to ICD-10: G12.0 (n = 7; 12.0%; only children), G12.1 (children: n = 14; 24.1%; adults: n = 29; 50.0%), G12.8 (n = 6; 10.3%; only adults), G12.9 (n = 2; 3.4%; only adults). Clinical data. Motor disorders from a mild proximal lower paraparesis (n = 13; 22.4%) to pronounced tetraparesis (n = 7; 12.0%). The study of mental status was limited to evaluation of the state of consciousness and effectiveness of contact. Data on therapy. Until 2021, symptomatic therapy of SMA was conducted in the region, since March 2021, 8 children (13.8% of the total sample) aged 7.3 (8.8) years received nusinersen, another 8 children (13.8%) aged 9.5 (6.9) years received risdiplam; parents of 3 more children (5.2%) refused taking drugs. Of adult patients (n = 37; 63.8%; 35.3 (23.6) years) with confirmed SMA 5q (n = 10; 17.2%, 35.3 (19.0) years), 1 patient received nusinersen, the rest 9 patients (15.5%) did not receive therapy, 3 (5.2%) were achieving the right to receive drugs (at the moment of the analysis). CONCLUSION: The data analysis revealed deficit of early SMA diagnosis (at the moment of the diagnosi
{"title":"Complex Neuropsychiatric and Laboratory-Instrumental Diagnostics in Determination of Tactics of Therapeutic Management of Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Regional Experience","authors":"A. Gayduk, P. Cumming, Viktoriya V. Chernikova, Y. V. Vlasov, D. Smirnova","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj100672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj100672","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare hereditary disabling disease and the most common hereditary cause of infant deaths. The timely comprehensive diagnosis of SMA permits to plan therapeutic tactics and preserve the quality of patients life. One of the objectives of the given work is a review of the actual literature data on etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, valid diagnosis and modern effective tactics of SMA management. \u0000AIM: To evaluate the management tactics of patients with SMA taking into account neuropsychiatric symptoms, to analyze problems of proposal and organization of measures aimed at improvement of the quality of medical care, on the basis of the practical experience of the Samara region and with consideration of the current state of the problem. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the work, the data of the archive of Seredavin Samara Regional Clinical Hospital were analyzed, 132 medical histories of 77 patients were processed with discharge dates from January 2008 to February 2022 with the following diagnoses (according to the code of the International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problem, 10th revision (ICD-10)): G12.0 (spinal muscular atrophy, type I [WerdnigHoffmann disease], G12.1 (other hereditary SMA), G12.8 (other SMA and related syndromes) and G12.9 (unspecified SMA). The analysis of the results of clinical, laboratory, instrumental and neuropsychiatric diagnostic methods was performed in comparison with the tactics of therapeutic management of these patients. For statistical processing of the data, methods of descriptive statistics were used. \u0000RESULTS: Socio-demographic data. As of February 2022, 58 patients were registered (mean age 38.4 (41.3) years, of them 32 (55.2%) were individuals of female gender including 21 children (mean age 12.3 (7.4) years, 14 (24.1%) girls), with the following diagnoses according to ICD-10: G12.0 (n = 7; 12.0%; only children), G12.1 (children: n = 14; 24.1%; adults: n = 29; 50.0%), G12.8 (n = 6; 10.3%; only adults), G12.9 (n = 2; 3.4%; only adults). Clinical data. Motor disorders from a mild proximal lower paraparesis (n = 13; 22.4%) to pronounced tetraparesis (n = 7; 12.0%). The study of mental status was limited to evaluation of the state of consciousness and effectiveness of contact. Data on therapy. Until 2021, symptomatic therapy of SMA was conducted in the region, since March 2021, 8 children (13.8% of the total sample) aged 7.3 (8.8) years received nusinersen, another 8 children (13.8%) aged 9.5 (6.9) years received risdiplam; parents of 3 more children (5.2%) refused taking drugs. Of adult patients (n = 37; 63.8%; 35.3 (23.6) years) with confirmed SMA 5q (n = 10; 17.2%, 35.3 (19.0) years), 1 patient received nusinersen, the rest 9 patients (15.5%) did not receive therapy, 3 (5.2%) were achieving the right to receive drugs (at the moment of the analysis). \u0000CONCLUSION: The data analysis revealed deficit of early SMA diagnosis (at the moment of the diagnosi","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125433950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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