Pub Date : 2022-09-28DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.217
V. Lyalko, A. Vorobiev
Forecasting earthquakes of various intensities will continue to be an urgent task that has yet to bene resolved. The use of various forecasting methods makes it possible to conduct analysis and warnings more objectively and reliably. Methods of short-term prediction of strong earthquakes based on satellite monitoring of cloudiness anomalies can be used with some success. Based on the research results, it was established that before strong earthquakes, linear cloudiness anomalies are observed over the Earth's deep fault zones, which can be used for short-term earthquake forecasting. The most effective method of studying cloudiness anomalies is the use of satellite methods. As a result of the analysis of linear cloudiness anomalies, a conclusion was made about the possibility of a regional short-term forecast of strong and catastrophic earthquakes with an assessment of the possible magnitude and approximate position of the future earthquake. The reliability of the forecast depends on the tectonic structure of the region and atmospheric conditions. It is important to be able to forecast the magnitude of the future earthquake based on the length of the cloudiness anomaly. It was established that the length of the cloudiness anomaly before a catastrophic earthquake allows one to predict the magnitude, which is very important for forecasting the level of seismic danger in the coming days.
{"title":"Prospects for developing methods for short-term forecasting of strong earthquakes based on satellite monitoring of cloudiness anomalies","authors":"V. Lyalko, A. Vorobiev","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.217","url":null,"abstract":"Forecasting earthquakes of various intensities will continue to be an urgent task that has yet to bene resolved. The use of various forecasting methods makes it possible to conduct analysis and warnings more objectively and reliably. Methods of short-term prediction of strong earthquakes based on satellite monitoring of cloudiness anomalies can be used with some success. Based on the research results, it was established that before strong earthquakes, linear cloudiness anomalies are observed over the Earth's deep fault zones, which can be used for short-term earthquake forecasting. The most effective method of studying cloudiness anomalies is the use of satellite methods. As a result of the analysis of linear cloudiness anomalies, a conclusion was made about the possibility of a regional short-term forecast of strong and catastrophic earthquakes with an assessment of the possible magnitude and approximate position of the future earthquake. The reliability of the forecast depends on the tectonic structure of the region and atmospheric conditions. It is important to be able to forecast the magnitude of the future earthquake based on the length of the cloudiness anomaly. It was established that the length of the cloudiness anomaly before a catastrophic earthquake allows one to predict the magnitude, which is very important for forecasting the level of seismic danger in the coming days.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123364497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-28DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.216
B. Kovalenko, V. Lukin
A BPG (better portable graphics) coder is a novel approach that aims to replace common standards of compression such as JPEG, JPEG2000 and so on. That is why, the BPG coder needs a detailed analysis of its basic characteristics from the viewpoint of visual quality and compression ratio. The BPG coder can use different modes of chroma subsampling for color and three-channel images and it is worth analyzing and comparing them. In practice, images to be compressed are often noisy. Then, lossy compression of such images has a specific noise filtering effect. In particular, optimal operation point (OOP) might exist where compressed image quality is closer to the corresponding noise-free (true) image than uncompressed (original, noisy) image quality according to certain criterion (metric). It is also needed to analyze the coder performance from compression ratio point of view. In this paper, we pay attention on impact of different chroma subsampling modes on image quality and compression ratio. Based on simulation results obtained for a set of color images, the best possible ways of compression are recommended.
{"title":"Usage of different Chroma Subsampling Modes in Image Compression by BPG Coder","authors":"B. Kovalenko, V. Lukin","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.216","url":null,"abstract":"A BPG (better portable graphics) coder is a novel approach that aims to replace common standards of compression such as JPEG, JPEG2000 and so on. That is why, the BPG coder needs a detailed analysis of its basic characteristics from the viewpoint of visual quality and compression ratio. The BPG coder can use different modes of chroma subsampling for color and three-channel images and it is worth analyzing and comparing them. In practice, images to be compressed are often noisy. Then, lossy compression of such images has a specific noise filtering effect. In particular, optimal operation point (OOP) might exist where compressed image quality is closer to the corresponding noise-free (true) image than uncompressed (original, noisy) image quality according to certain criterion (metric). It is also needed to analyze the coder performance from compression ratio point of view. In this paper, we pay attention on impact of different chroma subsampling modes on image quality and compression ratio. Based on simulation results obtained for a set of color images, the best possible ways of compression are recommended.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116116967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.215
S. Velichko, Oleksandr Matweev, Dmytry Bychkov, V. Ivanov, V. Tsymbal
In order to continue and more detailed study of the manifestations of seismic activity on the World Ocean surface, in this work we verified the complex technique of airborne radar monitoring and research of long surface wave packets in the seismically active region in the Northwest Pacific Ocean near the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench. When verifying the technique proposed in the previous work, we used data from two series of radar surveys of the sea surface within the study area in the 3-cm range of radio wave lengths. The first series of radar surveys had included tacks of flights along the north–south direction, to which, for comparison, the results of the second series in the west–east direction were added. These radar images, presented in the work, detect manifestations of two surface wave packets propagating from the same area, in the same direction, with an interval of 16 hours. For a comprehensive study of surface wave packets based on a set of radar images of two series and to establish the nature of their origin, a combined spatial and spectral analysis of the nonlinear form of the wave packet components was performed. As a result, the spatial scale of surface wave packets (5–10 km), the lengths of the wave components of the packets (1–5 km) and the speed of packets movement (6.1 m/s) were determined. The analysis involved the parameters of the ocean-atmosphere near-surface layer, provided by operational in situ measurements, which were obtained by the research vessel "Akademik Petrov". This included the direction and speed of the near-surface wind, the state of wind waves and swell, the speed of the surface current, etc. In addition, data on bathymetry along the path of the surface wave packet and seismic activity in the area were used. Finally, it was assumed that the observed packets of surface waves are Korteweg – de Vries solitons, which arise as a result of collapses on the steep underwater slopes of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench due to a seismic shock and the aftershock that followed it. The developed airborne radar technique can also be used in satellite monitoring of the surface of the World Ocean in systems for warning about the approach of potentially dangerous long waves to the coast.
{"title":"Combined Radar Monitoring of Long Surface Wave Packets in the Pacific Ocean","authors":"S. Velichko, Oleksandr Matweev, Dmytry Bychkov, V. Ivanov, V. Tsymbal","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.3.215","url":null,"abstract":"In order to continue and more detailed study of the manifestations of seismic activity on the World Ocean surface, in this work we verified the complex technique of airborne radar monitoring and research of long surface wave packets in the seismically active region in the Northwest Pacific Ocean near the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench. \u0000When verifying the technique proposed in the previous work, we used data from two series of radar surveys of the sea surface within the study area in the 3-cm range of radio wave lengths. The first series of radar surveys had included tacks of flights along the north–south direction, to which, for comparison, the results of the second series in the west–east direction were added. These radar images, presented in the work, detect manifestations of two surface wave packets propagating from the same area, in the same direction, with an interval of 16 hours. \u0000For a comprehensive study of surface wave packets based on a set of radar images of two series and to establish the nature of their origin, a combined spatial and spectral analysis of the nonlinear form of the wave packet components was performed. As a result, the spatial scale of surface wave packets (5–10 km), the lengths of the wave components of the packets (1–5 km) and the speed of packets movement (6.1 m/s) were determined. The analysis involved the parameters of the ocean-atmosphere near-surface layer, provided by operational in situ measurements, which were obtained by the research vessel \"Akademik Petrov\". This included the direction and speed of the near-surface wind, the state of wind waves and swell, the speed of the surface current, etc. In addition, data on bathymetry along the path of the surface wave packet and seismic activity in the area were used. \u0000Finally, it was assumed that the observed packets of surface waves are Korteweg – de Vries solitons, which arise as a result of collapses on the steep underwater slopes of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench due to a seismic shock and the aftershock that followed it. The developed airborne radar technique can also be used in satellite monitoring of the surface of the World Ocean in systems for warning about the approach of potentially dangerous long waves to the coast.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133293824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.214
V. Lyalko, M. Popov, O. Sedlerova, O. Fedorovskyi, S. Stankevich, L. Yelistratova, V. Filipovych, A. Khyzhniak
This article is focused on analyzing the results of scientific researches of the Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth of the Institute of Geological Science of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The article briefly describes the development of aerospace research of the Earth in Ukraine and the role of the Centre in remote sensing research carried out by institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The history of the Centre, its scientific schools and main areas of research are presented, the prospects for further development are outlined. Data of the organizational structure of the Centre and the achievements of the scientific team are represented. The contribution of employees of the Centre for the development of aerospace research in Ukraine is analyzed. The international activities of the Centre and its employees are presented. Further prospects for the development of research in the field of remote sensing in Ukraine are considered. It is noted that the strategy of research development will be set to implement the basic principles of world community, defined by UN decisions on sustainable development of humanity. It is noted that the development of novel effective methods and technologies based on using aerospace data and computer modeling of energy and mass exchange processes in the Earth geospheres will play a significant role in the solving this problem. The implementation of these methods and technologies will contribute to satisfaction the economic, defense and social needs of Ukraine, taking into account the fundamental program of postwar restoration and reconstruction of the national economy of Ukraine.
{"title":"On the development of remote sensing methods and technologies in Ukraine","authors":"V. Lyalko, M. Popov, O. Sedlerova, O. Fedorovskyi, S. Stankevich, L. Yelistratova, V. Filipovych, A. Khyzhniak","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.214","url":null,"abstract":"This article is focused on analyzing the results of scientific researches of the Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth of the Institute of Geological Science of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The article briefly describes the development of aerospace research of the Earth in Ukraine and the role of the Centre in remote sensing research carried out by institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The history of the Centre, its scientific schools and main areas of research are presented, the prospects for further development are outlined. Data of the organizational structure of the Centre and the achievements of the scientific team are represented. The contribution of employees of the Centre for the development of aerospace research in Ukraine is analyzed. The international activities of the Centre and its employees are presented. Further prospects for the development of research in the field of remote sensing in Ukraine are considered. It is noted that the strategy of research development will be set to implement the basic principles of world community, defined by UN decisions on sustainable development of humanity. It is noted that the development of novel effective methods and technologies based on using aerospace data and computer modeling of energy and mass exchange processes in the Earth geospheres will play a significant role in the solving this problem. The implementation of these methods and technologies will contribute to satisfaction the economic, defense and social needs of Ukraine, taking into account the fundamental program of postwar restoration and reconstruction of the national economy of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121771311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.212
B. Kovalenko, V. Lukin, S. Kryvenko, V. Naumenko, B. Vozel
Lossy compression of images corrupted by noise has several peculiarities. First, a specific noise filtering effect is observed. Second, optimal operation point (OOP) can be observed, i.e. such coder parameter (e.g., quantization step) value can exist that quality of compressed image calculated with respect to noise-free image can be better compared to quality of uncompressed (original noisy) image. If OOP exists, it is worth compressing a given image in OOP, if no, other recommendations on coder parameter setting are reasonable. Since noise-free image is not available in practice, it is not possible to determine does OOP exist and what is image quality in it. In this paper, we show that OOP existence for several quality metrics can be predicted quite easily and quickly for grayscale images corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise and compressed by better portable graphics (BPG) encoder. Such a prediction is based on analysis of statistics of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients calculated for a limited number of 8x8 pixel blocks. A scatter-plot of metric improvement (reduction) depending upon these statistics is obtained in advance and prediction curve fitting is performed. Recommendations on encoder parameter setting for cases of OOP absence are given.
{"title":"Prediction of Parameters in Optimal Operation Point for BPG-based Lossy Compression of Noisy Images","authors":"B. Kovalenko, V. Lukin, S. Kryvenko, V. Naumenko, B. Vozel","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.212","url":null,"abstract":"Lossy compression of images corrupted by noise has several peculiarities. First, a specific noise filtering effect is observed. Second, optimal operation point (OOP) can be observed, i.e. such coder parameter (e.g., quantization step) value can exist that quality of compressed image calculated with respect to noise-free image can be better compared to quality of uncompressed (original noisy) image. If OOP exists, it is worth compressing a given image in OOP, if no, other recommendations on coder parameter setting are reasonable. Since noise-free image is not available in practice, it is not possible to determine does OOP exist and what is image quality in it. In this paper, we show that OOP existence for several quality metrics can be predicted quite easily and quickly for grayscale images corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise and compressed by better portable graphics (BPG) encoder. Such a prediction is based on analysis of statistics of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients calculated for a limited number of 8x8 pixel blocks. A scatter-plot of metric improvement (reduction) depending upon these statistics is obtained in advance and prediction curve fitting is performed. Recommendations on encoder parameter setting for cases of OOP absence are given.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125342389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.213
O. Azimov, O. Shevchenko, O. Tomchenko
The article considers the relevance of the application of a set of terrestrial hydrological, radioecological and modern remote sensing methods in the process of monitoring studies of areas that are difficult to access, waterlogged, largely radionuclide contaminated. The example of the Ukrainian part of the left-bank Pripyat drainage system within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone shows that remotely obtained data together with the materials integrated into the geographic information systems of the terrestrial measurements provide the adequate monitoring information on the spatio-temporal changes in the hydrological and radioecological situation in general. Among the research methods, the simulation, the methods of hydrometric, balancing, remote sensing studies of water bodies were most used. The main purpose of the research is to perform the retrospective and current analyses of the hydrological situation based on archival and recent satellite images, assess the effectiveness of the water protection complex on the left bank of the Pripyat River, especially after the introduction of hydrotechnical measures to improve its radioecological status. In the research process the LANDSAT, SPOT, IRS, WorldView images were used. In particular, a significant sensitivity of the "surface water – dry land" system to the changes in the environment of this area was established and the mapping of objects of open water surface was performed as well as its spatial and temporal variability was followed. When comparing the results of calculations of the radionuclides carry-over by water (in particular, 90Sr) before and after the implementation of appropriate measures at the water protection complex the notable negative consequences of its implementation and operation during a period from 1986 to 2001 were revealed. It was found that the diverted one-time 90Sr carry-over due to the construction of a "new" left-bank dam (according to the 1999 flood scenario) is "compensated" by 40% through the increase of its carry-over prolonged in time as a result of operation of the polder pumping station (PPS) and the inundation of the contaminated areas, which is caused by the complicated conditions for the discharge of surface and underground runoff caused by the "new" and "old" dams. The ecological advisability and validity of hydraulic measures (clearing of canals, reconstruction of culverts) and the recommended form of the operational complex (without the use of PPS, with natural filtration discharge of the body of the "new" sand dam in the Pripyat River) are confirmed by the results of thematic interpretation of the multiband images. Thus, within the complex, minor flooding and waterlogging of the inter-dam section, as well as areas to the north-east from the "old" dam are established. Prospects for the further research of various hydrological processes and radioecological situation on the left bank of the Pripyat River are seen in the use of high resolution remote surveys, which w
{"title":"Geoinformation analysis of the satellite imagery data in order to assess the changes in radiohydrological conditions over the study territories","authors":"O. Azimov, O. Shevchenko, O. Tomchenko","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.213","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the relevance of the application of a set of terrestrial hydrological, radioecological and modern remote sensing methods in the process of monitoring studies of areas that are difficult to access, waterlogged, largely radionuclide contaminated. The example of the Ukrainian part of the left-bank Pripyat drainage system within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone shows that remotely obtained data together with the materials integrated into the geographic information systems of the terrestrial measurements provide the adequate monitoring information on the spatio-temporal changes in the hydrological and radioecological situation in general. Among the research methods, the simulation, the methods of hydrometric, balancing, remote sensing studies of water bodies were most used. The main purpose of the research is to perform the retrospective and current analyses of the hydrological situation based on archival and recent satellite images, assess the effectiveness of the water protection complex on the left bank of the Pripyat River, especially after the introduction of hydrotechnical measures to improve its radioecological status. In the research process the LANDSAT, SPOT, IRS, WorldView images were used. In particular, a significant sensitivity of the \"surface water – dry land\" system to the changes in the environment of this area was established and the mapping of objects of open water surface was performed as well as its spatial and temporal variability was followed. When comparing the results of calculations of the radionuclides carry-over by water (in particular, 90Sr) before and after the implementation of appropriate measures at the water protection complex the notable negative consequences of its implementation and operation during a period from 1986 to 2001 were revealed. It was found that the diverted one-time 90Sr carry-over due to the construction of a \"new\" left-bank dam (according to the 1999 flood scenario) is \"compensated\" by 40% through the increase of its carry-over prolonged in time as a result of operation of the polder pumping station (PPS) and the inundation of the contaminated areas, which is caused by the complicated conditions for the discharge of surface and underground runoff caused by the \"new\" and \"old\" dams. The ecological advisability and validity of hydraulic measures (clearing of canals, reconstruction of culverts) and the recommended form of the operational complex (without the use of PPS, with natural filtration discharge of the body of the \"new\" sand dam in the Pripyat River) are confirmed by the results of thematic interpretation of the multiband images. Thus, within the complex, minor flooding and waterlogging of the inter-dam section, as well as areas to the north-east from the \"old\" dam are established. Prospects for the further research of various hydrological processes and radioecological situation on the left bank of the Pripyat River are seen in the use of high resolution remote surveys, which w","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123536586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.211
V. Yakymchuk
Modeling of aquatic ecosystems is the basis for solving many practical problems. These problems are related to increasing the productivity of water bodies, improving the quality of water in them and the implementation of water protection measures in catchment areas. The study is based on the integration of materials from space images of the Earth and terrestrial values of the ecological index of water quality to assess the state of aquatic ecosystems, which provides sufficient data to assess the parameters of water pollution. The issues of construction of resource-oriented scenarios of nature management based on the balance of water consumption and reproduction are considered. The role and place of mathematical modeling in the system of ecological monitoring are shown, namely that the information technology of process scenario management allows to maintain the balance of water consumption and reproduction of water resources. Integrated dynamic models of Kyiv Reservoir systems have been built, focused on establishing a balance of water consumption and reproduction. A systematic approach was used to build the models, in which the economic goals of water consumption are made dependent on the ecological state. In accordance with the principle of dynamic balance, which postulates the desire of a complex system to dynamic equilibrium with variable external forces, the creation of the method proposed a universal model of adaptive balance of the system of interdependent processes. As an example of using a systematic management methodology, consider the problem of finding a balance between the volume of water consumption and the volume of their reproduction. This balance, maintained through environmental measures, is represented by a conceptual model of the ecological and economic system. Simulation experiments with the model of adaptive balance of water resources impacts were performed. The main advantage of such computer control technologies is the wide possibility to carry out simulation experiments and choose from an ensemble of possible process scenarios that meet the target guidelines for sustainable development.
{"title":"Simulation mathematical modeling of hydroecological monitoring of water resources using space images of the Earth","authors":"V. Yakymchuk","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.2.211","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling of aquatic ecosystems is the basis for solving many practical problems. These problems are related to increasing the productivity of water bodies, improving the quality of water in them and the implementation of water protection measures in catchment areas. The study is based on the integration of materials from space images of the Earth and terrestrial values of the ecological index of water quality to assess the state of aquatic ecosystems, which provides sufficient data to assess the parameters of water pollution. The issues of construction of resource-oriented scenarios of nature management based on the balance of water consumption and reproduction are considered. The role and place of mathematical modeling in the system of ecological monitoring are shown, namely that the information technology of process scenario management allows to maintain the balance of water consumption and reproduction of water resources. Integrated dynamic models of Kyiv Reservoir systems have been built, focused on establishing a balance of water consumption and reproduction. A systematic approach was used to build the models, in which the economic goals of water consumption are made dependent on the ecological state. In accordance with the principle of dynamic balance, which postulates the desire of a complex system to dynamic equilibrium with variable external forces, the creation of the method proposed a universal model of adaptive balance of the system of interdependent processes. As an example of using a systematic management methodology, consider the problem of finding a balance between the volume of water consumption and the volume of their reproduction. This balance, maintained through environmental measures, is represented by a conceptual model of the ecological and economic system. Simulation experiments with the model of adaptive balance of water resources impacts were performed. The main advantage of such computer control technologies is the wide possibility to carry out simulation experiments and choose from an ensemble of possible process scenarios that meet the target guidelines for sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115562788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.209
S. Stankevich
Narrow-band spectral indices are quite informative and important in various applications of remote sensing – to assess the condition of vegetation, soils, water bodies and other land surface formations. However, direct measurement of narrow-band spectral indices requires hyperspectral imaging. But most of modern multispectral aerospace imaging systems are wide-band. Accordingly, it is not possible to calculate the narrow-band index directly from wide-band remote sensing data. This paper discusses approaches to the narrow-band spectral indices restoration by wide-band remote sensing data using statistical models of interrelations of narrow- and wide-band indices itself, of source wide-band and narrow-band signals in close spectral bands, as well as of land surface reflectance quasi-continuous spectra translation from wide bands to narrow ones.The experimental accuracy estimation of narrow-band spectral indices restoration by wide-band multispectral satellite image is performed. Three most complicated narrow-band spectral indices, which covering a range of spectrum from visible to short-wave infrared, were considered, namely – the transformed chlorophyll absorption in reflectance index (TCARI), the optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI) and the normalized difference nitrogen index (NDNI). All three mentioned methods for narrow-band spectral indices restoration are analyzed. The worst result is demonstrated for regression-restored signals in spectral bands, and the best result is for the spectra translation method. Therefore, the method on the basis of spectra translation is recommended for practical implementation.
{"title":"Accuracy of narrow-band spectral indices estimation by wide-band remote sensing data","authors":"S. Stankevich","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.209","url":null,"abstract":"Narrow-band spectral indices are quite informative and important in various applications of remote sensing – to assess the condition of vegetation, soils, water bodies and other land surface formations. However, direct measurement of narrow-band spectral indices requires hyperspectral imaging. But most of modern multispectral aerospace imaging systems are wide-band. Accordingly, it is not possible to calculate the narrow-band index directly from wide-band remote sensing data. This paper discusses approaches to the narrow-band spectral indices restoration by wide-band remote sensing data using statistical models of interrelations of narrow- and wide-band indices itself, of source wide-band and narrow-band signals in close spectral bands, as well as of land surface reflectance quasi-continuous spectra translation from wide bands to narrow ones.The experimental accuracy estimation of narrow-band spectral indices restoration by wide-band multispectral satellite image is performed. Three most complicated narrow-band spectral indices, which covering a range of spectrum from visible to short-wave infrared, were considered, namely – the transformed chlorophyll absorption in reflectance index (TCARI), the optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI) and the normalized difference nitrogen index (NDNI). All three mentioned methods for narrow-band spectral indices restoration are analyzed. The worst result is demonstrated for regression-restored signals in spectral bands, and the best result is for the spectra translation method. Therefore, the method on the basis of spectra translation is recommended for practical implementation.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129616757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.210
Lyidmila Lischenko, R. Shevchuk, V. Filipovich
Prolonged dry periods in spring and autumn, which are becoming more frequent for the Ukrainian Polissya, contribute to fires, especially in peatlands, that are dangerous for human health and ecosystems in general. Forecasting the risk of such natural and anthropogenic emergencies requires monitoring of current situations. Satellite monitoring provides an accurate information of the disaster and allows to realistically estimate the amount of damage. The article investigates the factors to be taken into account in peatlands monitoring and considers methods of processing of multispectral satellite data (Landsat, Sentinel series) in combination with traditional statistics data and field measurements. The technological diagram for making the studies is proposed. To assess the risks, the values that can be obtained simultaneously with the help of satellite data on large areas are determined: peat soil moisture, peat surface temperature, spectral indices (water, soil), evapotranspiration; the seasons of the greatest risks of fires are defined, and also risks associated with anthropogenic impact (proximity to settlements, agricultural trials, hayfields, careless handling of fire and arson). The condition of peatlands is diagnosed according to the developed criteria and assessed by four levels of fire risk - critical, high, low and insignificant. The study of spectral indices showed that with the help of the SAVI soil index in combination with the analysis of surface temperature, the burned areas and fires are accurately mapped in real-time. To predict the occurrence of fire situations, the use of two variants of the normalized differential water index (NDWI) in combination with thermal imaging is proposed. The test sites provide examples of diagnosing fires and burned areas in peatlands, as well as examples of forecasting fire hazards situations that require close attention of local authorities. Recommendations are given to prevent emergencies related to the burning of peatlands.
{"title":"The technique for satellite monitoring of peatlands in order to determinate their fire hazard and combustion risks","authors":"Lyidmila Lischenko, R. Shevchuk, V. Filipovich","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.210","url":null,"abstract":"Prolonged dry periods in spring and autumn, which are becoming more frequent for the Ukrainian Polissya, contribute to fires, especially in peatlands, that are dangerous for human health and ecosystems in general. Forecasting the risk of such natural and anthropogenic emergencies requires monitoring of current situations. Satellite monitoring provides an accurate information of the disaster and allows to realistically estimate the amount of damage. The article investigates the factors to be taken into account in peatlands monitoring and considers methods of processing of multispectral satellite data (Landsat, Sentinel series) in combination with traditional statistics data and field measurements. The technological diagram for making the studies is proposed. To assess the risks, the values that can be obtained simultaneously with the help of satellite data on large areas are determined: peat soil moisture, peat surface temperature, spectral indices (water, soil), evapotranspiration; the seasons of the greatest risks of fires are defined, and also risks associated with anthropogenic impact (proximity to settlements, agricultural trials, hayfields, careless handling of fire and arson). The condition of peatlands is diagnosed according to the developed criteria and assessed by four levels of fire risk - critical, high, low and insignificant. The study of spectral indices showed that with the help of the SAVI soil index in combination with the analysis of surface temperature, the burned areas and fires are accurately mapped in real-time. To predict the occurrence of fire situations, the use of two variants of the normalized differential water index (NDWI) in combination with thermal imaging is proposed. The test sites provide examples of diagnosing fires and burned areas in peatlands, as well as examples of forecasting fire hazards situations that require close attention of local authorities. Recommendations are given to prevent emergencies related to the burning of peatlands.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127334203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.208
Yue Zheng, N. Sheviakina, S. Zagorodnia, O. Tomchenko, I. Radchuk
The article is devoted to developing an universal methodological apparatus of ecological monitoring and practical assessment of the state of hydroecosystems to determine the nature of the anthropogenic impact. The authors analyzed the transformation of the Desenka River channel (Kyiv, Ukraine) in the 1965 – 2021 years. The primary attention is paid to changes in the coastline of Kyiv to determine the nature of the anthropogenic impact on the study area. The authors improved the technology of monitoring the dynamics of the water regime of the riverbed by constructing bathymetric maps based on the results of hydroacoustic measurements and the space imagery interpretation.The complex use of methods for selecting and processing information was applied through the use of GIS technologies (thematic classification of remote sensing results in the conditions of data exchange of ground-based verifications with independent features of objects). The results are presented in a way that is easy to interpret. It was found that the main reason for the change in area is sand mining. The bathymetric survey allowed to specify the maximum depth of the reservoir, which is 16.8 m. It was determined that the relief of the bottom is typical for a quarry. The river's depth in its central part increases from west to east in proportion to the increase in the width of the reservoir. The study found that sand was mined in the same place, washing away huge underwater quarries and forming numerous silt alluviums. According to the results of the analysis of changes in areas presented in this study, the authors proved that uncontrolled sand mining has a negative impact on the biotic stability of landscapes and causes irreparable damage to the environment. The effectiveness of remote sensing methods for determining the ecological status of hydroecosystems is proved. The presented studies indicate the need to stabilize the ecological balance of the river ecosystem, take appropriate measures to increase the productivity of hydrolandscapes, improve the environment and ensure the environmental safety of the Desenka River and coastal areas.
{"title":"Remote Sensing Monitoring of Anthropogenic Changes in the Desenka River Channel (Kyiv, Ukraine)","authors":"Yue Zheng, N. Sheviakina, S. Zagorodnia, O. Tomchenko, I. Radchuk","doi":"10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2022.9.1.208","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to developing an universal methodological apparatus of ecological monitoring and practical assessment of the state of hydroecosystems to determine the nature of the anthropogenic impact. The authors analyzed the transformation of the Desenka River channel (Kyiv, Ukraine) in the 1965 – 2021 years. The primary attention is paid to changes in the coastline of Kyiv to determine the nature of the anthropogenic impact on the study area. The authors improved the technology of monitoring the dynamics of the water regime of the riverbed by constructing bathymetric maps based on the results of hydroacoustic measurements and the space imagery interpretation.The complex use of methods for selecting and processing information was applied through the use of GIS technologies (thematic classification of remote sensing results in the conditions of data exchange of ground-based verifications with independent features of objects). The results are presented in a way that is easy to interpret. It was found that the main reason for the change in area is sand mining. The bathymetric survey allowed to specify the maximum depth of the reservoir, which is 16.8 m. It was determined that the relief of the bottom is typical for a quarry. The river's depth in its central part increases from west to east in proportion to the increase in the width of the reservoir. The study found that sand was mined in the same place, washing away huge underwater quarries and forming numerous silt alluviums. According to the results of the analysis of changes in areas presented in this study, the authors proved that uncontrolled sand mining has a negative impact on the biotic stability of landscapes and causes irreparable damage to the environment. The effectiveness of remote sensing methods for determining the ecological status of hydroecosystems is proved. The presented studies indicate the need to stabilize the ecological balance of the river ecosystem, take appropriate measures to increase the productivity of hydrolandscapes, improve the environment and ensure the environmental safety of the Desenka River and coastal areas.","PeriodicalId":113561,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian journal of remote sensing","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129727780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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