Jean Addington, Lu Liu, Amy Braun, Cari Jahraus, Kali Brummitt, Jacqueline Stowkowy
Introduction
The number of randomised controlled trials (RCT) that address the treatment of youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) of developing psychosis is few. What is most needed are clinical trials that consider the heterogenous outcomes of those at risk of psychosis. This report describes the methods of an 18-month open trial to determine the choices of and adherence to treatment of a CHR sample.
Methods
The methods of the trial including participants and the range and rationale for the measures chosen are presented, Treatment is offered as a step model.
Results
We present descriptive baseline data on the first 50/60 participants.
Conclusion
The end results of this trial will inform the design of larger RCTs for CHR youth.
{"title":"Treatment Choices for Youth at Clinical High-Risk of Psychosis: Methods of an Open Trial","authors":"Jean Addington, Lu Liu, Amy Braun, Cari Jahraus, Kali Brummitt, Jacqueline Stowkowy","doi":"10.1111/eip.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of randomised controlled trials (RCT) that address the treatment of youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) of developing psychosis is few. What is most needed are clinical trials that consider the heterogenous outcomes of those at risk of psychosis. This report describes the methods of an 18-month open trial to determine the choices of and adherence to treatment of a CHR sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The methods of the trial including participants and the range and rationale for the measures chosen are presented, Treatment is offered as a step model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present descriptive baseline data on the first 50/60 participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The end results of this trial will inform the design of larger RCTs for CHR youth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. O. Husain, M. Abid, A. B. Khoso, M. Riaz, F. Ahmed, S. Shakoor, S. Lane, N. Husain, G. Foussias, I. Qurashi, I. B. Chaudhry
Background
Individuals with psychosis have reduced life expectancy and this is largely driven by cardiometabolic disease. Cardiometabolic risk increases with age and duration of psychotic illness. Anthropometric and physiologic abnormalities have been identified among individuals with at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis. The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease is disproportionately higher in lower middle-income countries (LMIC); however, literature on cardiometabolic disease in individuals with psychosis spectrum disorders in LMIC is scarce.
Method
This is a cross-sectional secondary analysis of data from two large randomised controlled trials that recruited individuals with ARMS (n = 326) and schizophrenia (SCZ; n = 303) from inpatient and outpatient settings in Pakistan. All participants completed anthropometric and physiological assessments.
Results
There was a statistically significant difference in BMI between groups, 21.42 (SD = 4.11) in ARMS and 23.31 (SD = 5.41) in the SCZ group (p = 0.001). Although mean values were within the normal range, 17.8% (n = 58) of ARMS individuals and 33.1% (n = 100) SCZ individuals were overweight or obese. Waist circumference was 32.75 in (SD = 3.13) in the ARMS group and 32.16 in (SD = 5.18) in SCZ. Although waist circumference was higher in ARMS, this was not statistically or clinically significant. The pulse rate and blood pressure in both groups were within normal range.
Conclusion
We found evidence of abnormal anthropometric and physiological parameters that would indicate that individuals with psychotic-spectrum disorders in Pakistan are at an elevated cardiometabolic risk.
{"title":"Anthropometric and Physiological Measures in Individuals With At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) Compared With Individuals With Schizophrenia: Findings From a Lower Middle-Income Country","authors":"M. O. Husain, M. Abid, A. B. Khoso, M. Riaz, F. Ahmed, S. Shakoor, S. Lane, N. Husain, G. Foussias, I. Qurashi, I. B. Chaudhry","doi":"10.1111/eip.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with psychosis have reduced life expectancy and this is largely driven by cardiometabolic disease. Cardiometabolic risk increases with age and duration of psychotic illness. Anthropometric and physiologic abnormalities have been identified among individuals with at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis. The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease is disproportionately higher in lower middle-income countries (LMIC); however, literature on cardiometabolic disease in individuals with psychosis spectrum disorders in LMIC is scarce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a cross-sectional secondary analysis of data from two large randomised controlled trials that recruited individuals with ARMS (<i>n</i> = 326) and schizophrenia (SCZ; <i>n</i> = 303) from inpatient and outpatient settings in Pakistan. All participants completed anthropometric and physiological assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a statistically significant difference in BMI between groups, 21.42 (SD = 4.11) in ARMS and 23.31 (SD = 5.41) in the SCZ group (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Although mean values were within the normal range, 17.8% (<i>n</i> = 58) of ARMS individuals and 33.1% (<i>n</i> = 100) SCZ individuals were overweight or obese. Waist circumference was 32.75 in (SD = 3.13) in the ARMS group and 32.16 in (SD = 5.18) in SCZ. Although waist circumference was higher in ARMS, this was not statistically or clinically significant. The pulse rate and blood pressure in both groups were within normal range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found evidence of abnormal anthropometric and physiological parameters that would indicate that individuals with psychotic-spectrum disorders in Pakistan are at an elevated cardiometabolic risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea LaMarre, Janessa Porter, Patricia Silva-Roy, Nicole Obeid
Background
Early intervention (EI) for eating disorders (EDs) has been recognised as important for interrupting the onset of ED symptoms and improving outcomes. Despite growing evidence for EI models of service delivery in community-based settings, there is limited clarity on which specific interventions might best suit young people in these contexts. In this rapid review, we aimed to identify and explore the evidence for programme-led and focused interventions applicable to an EI service delivery model for youth with EDs in community-based settings.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases, focusing on interventions that maximise the use of resources, namely guided self-help and group approaches, for individuals under age 30. Studies were screened for eligibility based on intervention brevity (12 sessions or fewer) and relevance to EI models.
Results
Findings indicated that while many interventions reduced ED symptoms, few were explicitly designed for EI. Notably, interventions are skewed towards young adult populations, with fewer interventions addressing paediatric needs. Further, the strength of evidence for interventions varied, with many articles reporting on studies with small sample sizes or results illustrating non-superiority to comparison or control.
Conclusion
This review highlights the need for further research on programme-led and focused interventions tailored to EI, particularly for younger populations, to build an evidence base and improve early-stage ED treatment options in resource-limited community-based settings.
研究背景：饮食失调（ED）的早期干预（EI）已被认为对中断ED症状的发作和改善预后很重要。尽管越来越多的证据表明EI模式在社区环境中提供服务，但对于哪些具体干预措施可能最适合这些环境中的年轻人，目前还不清楚。在这一快速回顾中，我们旨在确定和探索适用于社区环境中患有急症的青少年的EI服务交付模式的以项目为主导的重点干预措施的证据。方法在MEDLINE、Web of Science和PsycINFO数据库中进行系统检索，重点关注对30岁以下个体最大限度地利用资源的干预措施，即指导自助和小组方法。根据干预的简短性（12个疗程或更少）和与EI模型的相关性筛选研究的合格性。研究结果表明，虽然许多干预措施可以减轻ED症状，但很少有明确针对EI设计的干预措施。值得注意的是，干预措施倾向于年轻人，针对儿科需求的干预措施较少。此外，干预措施的证据强度各不相同，许多文章报告了小样本量的研究或结果表明不优于比较或对照。本综述强调需要进一步研究针对EI，特别是针对年轻人群的方案主导和重点干预措施，以建立证据基础并改善资源有限的社区环境中的早期ED治疗方案。
{"title":"Identifying Programme-Led and Focused Interventions for Early Intervention for Eating Disorders in Youth: A Rapid Review","authors":"Andrea LaMarre, Janessa Porter, Patricia Silva-Roy, Nicole Obeid","doi":"10.1111/eip.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early intervention (EI) for eating disorders (EDs) has been recognised as important for interrupting the onset of ED symptoms and improving outcomes. Despite growing evidence for EI models of service delivery in community-based settings, there is limited clarity on which specific interventions might best suit young people in these contexts. In this rapid review, we aimed to identify and explore the evidence for programme-led and focused interventions applicable to an EI service delivery model for youth with EDs in community-based settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases, focusing on interventions that maximise the use of resources, namely guided self-help and group approaches, for individuals under age 30. Studies were screened for eligibility based on intervention brevity (12 sessions or fewer) and relevance to EI models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings indicated that while many interventions reduced ED symptoms, few were explicitly designed for EI. Notably, interventions are skewed towards young adult populations, with fewer interventions addressing paediatric needs. Further, the strength of evidence for interventions varied, with many articles reporting on studies with small sample sizes or results illustrating non-superiority to comparison or control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review highlights the need for further research on programme-led and focused interventions tailored to EI, particularly for younger populations, to build an evidence base and improve early-stage ED treatment options in resource-limited community-based settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandre Andrade Loch, Anderson Ara, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Leonardo Peroni de Jesus, Julio Cesar Andrade, Melina Mendonça, Maurício Henriques Serpa, Martinus Theodorus van de Bilt, Wagner Farid Gattaz
Introduction
The aim of our study was to assess the performance of the Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16) and the Perceptual and Cognitive Aberrations scale (PCA) to screen for clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) in a sample of nonhelp-seeking subjects from São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods
Individuals aged 18–35 years were interviewed with the PQ-16 and the PCA. Those with a combined score > 10 on the PQ-16 + PCA were called for assessment with the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS). Seventy-five individuals were deemed as CHR and 99 as healthy comparison; 44 randomly selected individuals (PQ-16 + PCA scores < 10) joined as further controls. All participants had no DSM-5 diagnosis. Scores of the PCA, PQ-16 (total score and distress index), and their combinations were analysed.
Results
All the proposed scorings significantly distinguished between CHR and control subjects. Considering a 7% CHR prevalence in the population, PQ-16 score mathematically showed the best performance (AUC = 0.713), followed by the PQ-16 score + PCA (AUC = 0.701). PQ-16 distress had the worst performance (AUC = 0.642).
Conclusions
Data provides further evidence for the use of the PQ-16 score as an effective instrument to search for CHR states through active screening in the community. Future research should address its potential in helping CHR identification and thus reducing delays in care and minimising the risk of false positives.
{"title":"Screening the Community for Individuals at Clinical High Risk (CHR) for Psychosis","authors":"Alexandre Andrade Loch, Anderson Ara, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Leonardo Peroni de Jesus, Julio Cesar Andrade, Melina Mendonça, Maurício Henriques Serpa, Martinus Theodorus van de Bilt, Wagner Farid Gattaz","doi":"10.1111/eip.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of our study was to assess the performance of the Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16) and the Perceptual and Cognitive Aberrations scale (PCA) to screen for clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) in a sample of nonhelp-seeking subjects from São Paulo, Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals aged 18–35 years were interviewed with the PQ-16 and the PCA. Those with a combined score > 10 on the PQ-16 + PCA were called for assessment with the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS). Seventy-five individuals were deemed as CHR and 99 as healthy comparison; 44 randomly selected individuals (PQ-16 + PCA scores < 10) joined as further controls. All participants had no DSM-5 diagnosis. Scores of the PCA, PQ-16 (total score and distress index), and their combinations were analysed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All the proposed scorings significantly distinguished between CHR and control subjects. Considering a 7% CHR prevalence in the population, PQ-16 score mathematically showed the best performance (AUC = 0.713), followed by the PQ-16 score + PCA (AUC = 0.701). PQ-16 distress had the worst performance (AUC = 0.642).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data provides further evidence for the use of the PQ-16 score as an effective instrument to search for CHR states through active screening in the community. Future research should address its potential in helping CHR identification and thus reducing delays in care and minimising the risk of false positives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mughal, B. Young, A. Churchill, J. Rash, K. Tee, A. Salmon, J. L. Shah
Background
Stepped care (SC) is being adopted in many countries as a framework for organising mental health care in diverse contexts. However, there is a lack of consistency in how SC has been defined and operationalised, limiting its effective application in practice. We describe the development of standards for implementing SC models in Canadian child and youth mental health (CYMH) contexts using a consensus-based approach. These standards are intended to support systems planners in creating cohesive CYMH systems across Canadian settings.
Methods
This study employed learning alliance and Delphi methodologies. A pan-Canadian multi-round Delphi process conducted in English and French was used to derive consensus on the inclusion and wording of individual clauses in the standard. Consensus with a threshold of 70% was set to determine the inclusion of individual clauses in the final standard.
Results
Sixty-eight individuals participated in the Delphi study (with a 76.48% retention rate) representing lived experience, service delivery, policy, and research expertise. Over three rounds, 29 clause items were revised and reduced to a final list of 24 clause items comprising SC implementation standards. Participant feedback indicated a desire for reduced ambiguity, considerations of the limitations of patient autonomy, and the need to clarify roles and responsibilities in system-wide activities.
Discussion
The results of this Delphi study represent the first multi-stakeholder, consensus-driven set of standards for implementing SC in CYMH settings across Canada. With these standards, we aspire to provide a blueprint for mental health systems advocacy and reform toward stronger, more coordinated CYMH systems.
{"title":"Proposed Standards for Implementing Stepped Care Models in Child and Youth Mental Health Service Systems: Results of a Pan-Canadian Delphi Study","authors":"S. Mughal, B. Young, A. Churchill, J. Rash, K. Tee, A. Salmon, J. L. Shah","doi":"10.1111/eip.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stepped care (SC) is being adopted in many countries as a framework for organising mental health care in diverse contexts. However, there is a lack of consistency in how SC has been defined and operationalised, limiting its effective application in practice. We describe the development of standards for implementing SC models in Canadian child and youth mental health (CYMH) contexts using a consensus-based approach. These standards are intended to support systems planners in creating cohesive CYMH systems across Canadian settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employed learning alliance and Delphi methodologies. A pan-Canadian multi-round Delphi process conducted in English and French was used to derive consensus on the inclusion and wording of individual clauses in the standard. Consensus with a threshold of 70% was set to determine the inclusion of individual clauses in the final standard.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-eight individuals participated in the Delphi study (with a 76.48% retention rate) representing lived experience, service delivery, policy, and research expertise. Over three rounds, 29 clause items were revised and reduced to a final list of 24 clause items comprising SC implementation standards. Participant feedback indicated a desire for reduced ambiguity, considerations of the limitations of patient autonomy, and the need to clarify roles and responsibilities in system-wide activities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this Delphi study represent the first multi-stakeholder, consensus-driven set of standards for implementing SC in CYMH settings across Canada. With these standards, we aspire to provide a blueprint for mental health systems advocacy and reform toward stronger, more coordinated CYMH systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christina Ghaleb, Danielle Penney, Katie M. Lavigne, Delphine Raucher-Chéné
Introduction
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, persistent disorder that causes functional impairment. Besides heritability, environmental factors, such as traumatic experience, impact the development of BD. Little is known about the early developmental signs of this disorder; therefore, this study aims to look at the impact of interpersonal trauma on the early developmental signs of BD. Specifically, differences in psychopathological behaviours were investigated between (1) at-risk children and controls and (2) at-risk children who experienced an interpersonal traumatic event and those who did not.
Methods
Using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset, participants with a first-degree relative with BD were identified (Nat-risk = 625) and matched on sex and age to a control group (Ncontrol = 625). The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS) was used to assess interpersonal trauma and psychopathological symptoms. The trauma (Ntrauma = 198) and no-trauma sub-groups (Nno-trauma = 428) were built from the at-risk population. Group comparison was conducted on depressive, manic and anxiety symptoms.
Results
Compared to controls, at-risk children exhibited a significantly greater number of manic symptoms at baseline and 2-year follow-up, and anxiety symptoms at follow-up. No significant differences were found between the trauma and no-trauma groups at either baseline or follow-up.
Discussion
These results confirm the presence of early symptoms in at-risk children, in line with the staging model of BD. Extended longitudinal research is needed to further investigate the potential specific role of trauma on its early behavioural patterns.
{"title":"Exploring Behavioural Patterns in Youth Predisposed to Bipolar Disorder and the Role of Interpersonal Trauma Using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Dataset","authors":"Christina Ghaleb, Danielle Penney, Katie M. Lavigne, Delphine Raucher-Chéné","doi":"10.1111/eip.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, persistent disorder that causes functional impairment. Besides heritability, environmental factors, such as traumatic experience, impact the development of BD. Little is known about the early developmental signs of this disorder; therefore, this study aims to look at the impact of interpersonal trauma on the early developmental signs of BD. Specifically, differences in psychopathological behaviours were investigated between (1) at-risk children and controls and (2) at-risk children who experienced an interpersonal traumatic event and those who did not.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset, participants with a first-degree relative with BD were identified (<i>N</i><sub>at-risk</sub> = 625) and matched on sex and age to a control group (<i>N</i><sub>control</sub> = 625). The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS) was used to assess interpersonal trauma and psychopathological symptoms. The trauma (<i>N</i><sub>trauma</sub> = 198) and no-trauma sub-groups (<i>N</i><sub>no-trauma</sub> = 428) were built from the at-risk population. Group comparison was conducted on depressive, manic and anxiety symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to controls, at-risk children exhibited a significantly greater number of manic symptoms at baseline and 2-year follow-up, and anxiety symptoms at follow-up. No significant differences were found between the trauma and no-trauma groups at either baseline or follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results confirm the presence of early symptoms in at-risk children, in line with the staging model of BD. Extended longitudinal research is needed to further investigate the potential specific role of trauma on its early behavioural patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Disengagement is a problem for early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services. Access to trusted information on a website might help to overcome some of the problems associated with disengagement. Clinician and organisational engagement are integral to the implementation and uptake of online resources.
Aims and Objectives
A theory-driven approach used the normalisation process theory (NPT) to investigate the implementation of an NHS psychoeducational website developed for the Early Youth Engagement Project (EYE-2). The aim was to establish barriers and facilitators to website use.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey study was used; 36 EIP clinicians in Sussex were asked about their attitudes towards introducing the website and using it in appointments. Accessibility, usability and internet skills were also measured.
Results
A key implementation barrier was lack of familiarity with the website and its content, which inhibited use. Poorer scores in the NPT ‘Collective Action’ construct relating to Skillset Workability and Relational Integration (staff confidence and ability) suggested that clinicians lacked confidence in their skills and ability to introduce the website in clinical sessions. Findings suggest that clinicians, might have lower operational skills compared to the general population.
Conclusion
Embedding of nominated digital leads in teams as well as appropriate training is required to promote familiarity, confidence and enhance digital skills. Larger studies are required to establish the replicability of our findings.
{"title":"Implementation of an Online Mental Health Website for the Early Intervention in Psychosis Services, Developed for the Early Youth Engagement (EYE-2) Trial: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study of Clinical Barriers and Facilitators to Normalisation","authors":"Elizabeth Robson, Kathryn Greenwood","doi":"10.1111/eip.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disengagement is a problem for early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services. Access to trusted information on a website might help to overcome some of the problems associated with disengagement. Clinician and organisational engagement are integral to the implementation and uptake of online resources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A theory-driven approach used the normalisation process theory (NPT) to investigate the implementation of an NHS psychoeducational website developed for the Early Youth Engagement Project (EYE-2). The aim was to establish barriers and facilitators to website use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional survey study was used; 36 EIP clinicians in Sussex were asked about their attitudes towards introducing the website and using it in appointments. Accessibility, usability and internet skills were also measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A key implementation barrier was lack of familiarity with the website and its content, which inhibited use. Poorer scores in the NPT ‘Collective Action’ construct relating to Skillset Workability and Relational Integration (staff confidence and ability) suggested that clinicians lacked confidence in their skills and ability to introduce the website in clinical sessions. Findings suggest that clinicians, might have lower operational skills compared to the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Embedding of nominated digital leads in teams as well as appropriate training is required to promote familiarity, confidence and enhance digital skills. Larger studies are required to establish the replicability of our findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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