Early human development最新文献_第9页

Association of neonatal withdrawal syndrome with concurrent use of multiple neuropsychiatric medications in pregnant women 孕妇同时使用多种神经精神药物与新生儿戒断综合征的关系

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106385

Miyako Nakagawa , Kosuke Doki , Mana Obata-Yasuoka , Hiromi Hamada , Daisuke Hitaka , Yayoi Miyazono , Hidetoshi Takada , Masato Homma

Aim

Neonatal withdrawal syndrome is characterized by withdrawal symptoms in neonates because of the discontinuation of transplacental drug transfer after delivery. This study aimed to examine the risk factors for withdrawal symptoms to clarify the impact of the number of neuropsychiatric drugs administered during pregnancy.

Methods

This was a retrospective observational study including 344 neonates born to 341 mothers receiving neuropsychiatric drugs, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiepileptics, and anxiolytics/sedatives during pregnancy. The presence of withdrawal symptoms was assessed using the Isobe score, comprising 15 symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant risk factors for the presence of withdrawal symptoms.

Results

Withdrawal symptoms developed in 178 (51.7 %) neonates. The frequency of neonates with withdrawal symptoms was higher in neonates born to mothers receiving ≥3 neuropsychiatric drugs compared to those born to mothers receiving 1–2 neuropsychiatric drugs (73.2 % vs. 45.0 %; P < 0.001). By multivariable logistic regression analysis, the presence of withdrawal symptoms was associated with the concurrent use of ≥3 neuropsychiatric drugs during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio, 2.24; 95 % confidence interval, 1.09–4.62; P = 0.029) and the maternal use of antipsychotics (adjusted odds ratio, 1.77; 95 % confidence interval, 1.06–2.94; P = 0.028).

Conclusions

The concurrent use of ≥3 neuropsychiatric drugs during pregnancy and the maternal use of antipsychotics were significant risk factors for the presence of withdrawal symptoms.

目的新生儿戒断综合征的特点是新生儿因分娩后停止经胎盘药物转移而出现戒断症状。本研究旨在检查戒断症状的危险因素，以阐明怀孕期间服用神经精神药物数量的影响。方法本研究是一项回顾性观察性研究，包括341名母亲在怀孕期间服用神经精神药物，包括抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、抗癫痫药和抗焦虑药/镇静剂所生的344名新生儿。使用Isobe评分评估戒断症状的存在，包括15种症状。进行多变量logistic回归分析以确定出现戒断症状的重要危险因素。结果178例（51.7%）新生儿出现戒断症状。接受≥3种神经精神药物治疗的母亲所生的新生儿出现戒断症状的频率高于接受1-2种神经精神药物治疗的母亲所生的新生儿（73.2% vs 45.0%; P < 0.001）。经多变量logistic回归分析，出现戒断症状与妊娠期间同时使用≥3种神经精神药物（校正优势比2.24,95%可信区间1.09 ~ 4.62,P = 0.029）和母体使用抗精神病药物（校正优势比1.77,95%可信区间1.06 ~ 2.94,P = 0.028）相关。结论孕期同时使用≥3种神经精神药物及母体使用抗精神病药物是发生戒断症状的重要危险因素。

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引用次数: 0

Associations of birth size with BMI trajectories and fluctuation across adolescence and adulthood: A longitudinal study of two Finnish twin cohorts 出生大小与青春期和成年期BMI轨迹和波动的关系：对两个芬兰双胞胎队列的纵向研究

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106373

Alvaro Obeso , Aline Jelenkovic , Gabin Drouard , Jaakko Kaprio , Karri Silventoinen

Introduction

The influence of intrauterine conditions on later weight gain remains unclear. We examined the associations of birth size characteristics (weight, length, and ponderal index (PI)) with body mass index (BMI) trajectories and fluctuation in adolescence and adulthood using a twin design, which provides insights into the role of genetic and environmental factors.

Data and methods

Data from two Finnish twin cohorts including 9850 twin individuals (48 % males) were used. Weight and length or height were measured at birth and at different ages during adolescence and adulthood (11.5–37 years in FinnTwin12; 16–34 years in FinnTwin16). BMI trajectories across different stages of adolescence and adulthood were calculated as the difference in BMI divided by the time elapsed between measurements. BMI fluctuation was assessed as the variance of BMI trajectories at each stage. Linear regression models were used to examine the associations of birth size characteristics with BMI trajectories and fluctuation in adolescence and adulthood. Interactions between baseline BMI and birth characteristics were assessed. Within-pair analysis was performed to assess whether the identified associations persist while controlling for genetic effects.

Results

BMI trajectories during early adolescence were positively associated with birth PI and negatively with birth weight and length. BMI trajectories during middle adolescence were positively associated with birth length and negatively with birth weight. PI showed a negative association with BMI trajectories in late adolescence. Moreover, BMI fluctuation in adulthood was negatively associated with birth weight and length. No significant interactions were found between birth size characteristics and baseline BMI in explaining BMI trajectories and fluctuation at different stages of adolescence and adulthood. Among the identified associations, none remained significant in within-pair analysis.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that birth size has a long-term influence on BMI development. However, these associations may not be due to the intrauterine environment but may rather indicate the role of shared genetic factors.

宫内条件对日后体重增加的影响尚不清楚。我们使用双胞胎设计研究了出生尺寸特征（体重、身长和体重指数（PI））与青春期和成年期体重指数（BMI）轨迹和波动的关系，这为遗传和环境因素的作用提供了见解。数据和方法来自两个芬兰双胞胎队列的数据，包括9850个双胞胎个体（48%为男性）。在出生时以及青春期和成年期的不同年龄（FinnTwin12为11.5-37岁；FinnTwin16为16-34岁）测量体重和身高。BMI在青春期和成年期不同阶段的轨迹被计算为BMI的差异除以两次测量之间的时间间隔。BMI波动被评估为每个阶段BMI轨迹的方差。使用线性回归模型来检验出生尺寸特征与青春期和成年期BMI轨迹和波动的关系。评估基线BMI和出生特征之间的相互作用。进行配对内分析，以评估在控制遗传效应的情况下，确定的关联是否持续存在。结果青少年早期bmi轨迹与出生PI呈正相关，与出生体重和出生身高呈负相关。青春期中期的BMI轨迹与出生长度呈正相关，与出生体重负相关。在青春期后期，PI与BMI轨迹呈负相关。此外，成年期BMI波动与出生体重和身高呈负相关。在解释青春期和成年期不同阶段的BMI轨迹和波动时，没有发现出生尺寸特征和基线BMI之间有显著的相互作用。在确定的关联中，没有一个在配对内分析中保持显著性。结论出生尺寸对BMI的发展有长期影响。然而，这些关联可能不是由于宫内环境，而是可能表明共同遗传因素的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Variation in digit ratio (2D:4D) across different types of military services in Poland 波兰不同类型军种的数字比率（2D:4D）的变化

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106371

Marek Kociuba , Sławomir Kozieł , Raja Chakraborty , Zofia Ignasiak , Piotr Sorokowski

Background

The relationship between the second (2D) and fourth finger (4D) of the hand (2D:4D) is considered to be a proxy indicator of prenatal- testosterone (PT) and estrogen (PE) exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy. A lower 2D:4D indicates relatively higher PT exposure and vice versa. The 2D:4D is generally higher in women than in men. Lower 2D:4D is associated with greater physical ability, strength, better athletic performance, and a propensity for jobs that require more physical fitness and are more risky.

Aim

The aim of the present study was to examine the differences in 2D:4D, if any, between three groups of men in Poland: military students (N = 250), soldiers of the Land Forces (N = 106) and volunteers of the Territorial Defense Force (N = 202).

Method

This cross-sectional study was carried out in Military University of Land Forces (MULF) in Wroclaw, Poland. The measurements included body height, body weight and the lengths of the second and fourth fingers in both hand of each participant.

Results

The results showed significantly lower 2D:4D in land forces soldiers and military students than those belonged to the Territorial Defense Force.

Conclusion

The results indicated the possible impact of fetal androgens on specific human abilities as well as choices for challenging occupations.

研究背景手部第二指（2D）和第四指（4D）（2D:4D）之间的关系被认为是妊娠前三个月产前睾酮（PT）和雌激素（PE）暴露的代理指标。2D:4D较低表明PT暴露相对较高，反之亦然。女性的2D:4D通常高于男性。较低的2D:4D与更强的身体能力、力量、更好的运动表现以及更倾向于需要更多身体健康和更危险的工作有关。本研究的目的是检查波兰三组男性之间2D:4D的差异，如果有的话：军事学生（N = 250），陆军士兵（N = 106）和国土防卫部队志愿者（N = 202）。方法在波兰弗罗茨瓦夫陆军军事大学（MULF）进行横断面研究。测量结果包括身高、体重、双手食指和无名指的长度。结果陆军士兵和军校学生的2D:4D明显低于国防军学生。结论胎儿雄激素可能影响人的特定能力以及对挑战性职业的选择。

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引用次数: 0

Cord blood-derived cell therapies for preterm brain injury 脐带血来源细胞治疗早产儿脑损伤

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106369

Abdul Razak , Lindsay Zhou , Graham Jenkin , Rod W. Hunt , Suzanne L. Miller , Courtney A. McDonald , Atul Malhotra

Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, remains a leading contributor to neonatal morbidity and long-term neurodevelopmental impairments. Brain injuries such as intraventricular haemorrhage, white matter injury and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are common in this population and are mediated by overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammation, cerebrovascular immaturity, cell death and impaired repair. Current therapeutic options for these conditions are limited and are largely supportive. Umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived cell therapy has emerged as a novel strategy to target these shared pathophysiological pathways. UCB contains diverse cell types—hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial progenitor cells and regulatory T cells—with regenerative, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties. Preclinical studies in rodent and limited large-animal models show consistent benefits of UCB therapy, including attenuation of neuroinflammation, reduced apoptosis, promotion of oligodendrocyte maturation and improved functional outcomes. However, variability in model design and lack of long-term endpoints hinder clinical translation. Clinical research into cord blood-derived therapies for preterm brain injury is still in its early stages, with most studies to date focused on feasibility and safety rather than efficacy. While preventative approaches have dominated, therapeutic trials for infants with established brain injury remain limited. Small case series suggest potential benefits in intraventricular haemorrhage, but other injury types, such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke, or cerebellar haemorrhage, remain largely unexplored in the preterm population. Recent studies using reinfusion of a preterm infant's own cord blood derived cells show promising safety and early signs of reduced risk for conditions like cerebral palsy. Larger efficacy trials are now underway, including those targeting severe, established preterm brain injuries, marking a significant step toward clinical application.

早产，定义为妊娠37周前分娩，仍然是新生儿发病率和长期神经发育障碍的主要原因。脑损伤如脑室内出血、白质损伤和缺氧缺血性脑病在这一人群中很常见，并由重叠的病理生理机制介导，包括炎症、脑血管不成熟、细胞死亡和修复受损。目前对这些疾病的治疗选择是有限的，并且在很大程度上是支持性的。脐带血（UCB）来源的细胞治疗已经成为一种针对这些共同病理生理途径的新策略。UCB包含多种细胞类型-造血干细胞，间充质基质细胞，内皮祖细胞和调节性T细胞-具有再生，免疫调节和神经保护特性。在啮齿动物和有限的大型动物模型中进行的临床前研究显示，UCB治疗具有一致的益处，包括减轻神经炎症、减少细胞凋亡、促进少突胶质细胞成熟和改善功能结果。然而，模型设计的可变性和缺乏长期终点阻碍了临床转化。脐带血来源治疗早产儿脑损伤的临床研究仍处于早期阶段，迄今为止大多数研究都侧重于可行性和安全性，而不是有效性。虽然预防方法占主导地位，但对已确定脑损伤的婴儿的治疗试验仍然有限。小病例系列提示脑室内出血的潜在益处，但其他类型的损伤，如缺氧缺血性脑病、中风或小脑出血，在早产儿人群中仍未得到充分研究。最近的研究使用早产儿自己的脐带血来源的细胞进行再输注，显示出良好的安全性和早期迹象，降低了患脑瘫等疾病的风险。目前正在进行更大规模的疗效试验，包括针对严重的、已确定的早产儿脑损伤的试验，这标志着向临床应用迈出了重要的一步。

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引用次数: 0

Neurodevelopmental effects of opioids in preterm infants – A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and observational studies 阿片类药物对早产儿神经发育的影响——随机和观察性研究的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106357

Maya Rakshasbhuvankar , Chandra Rath , Sachin Agrawal , Sanjay Patole

Background

Opioids are commonly used to reduce pain and distress in preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units. However, there is a concern that exposure to opioids may adversely affect their neurodevelopment.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (OSs) to investigate the effect of opioids on neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. We followed the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and those for the synthesis of OSs. Results were pooled when at least two studies reported the outcome. We performed a qualitative synthesis for data not suitable for pooling.

Results

The systematic review included 21 records of 16 studies (13 OSs [n = 2993] and three RCTs [n = 180]). Quantitative analysis was possible for ten studies. The certainty of evidence was ‘very low’ for all outcomes. The risk of neurodevelopmental impairment, the primary outcome, was not increased in opioid exposed preterm infants (OR: 1.15, 95 % CIs: 0.64, 2.08, 5 OSs, n = 697 and OR: 1.29, 95 % CIs: 0.56, 3.01, 2 RCTs, n = 151). There was no increase in adverse secondary outcomes apart from lower motor scores at 2–3 years of age (MD: -6.19, 85 % CI: −11.26, −1.11, 4 OSs, n = 692) in the opioid group. On qualitative analysis of adjusted data, opioids showed variable effects: ten reports suggested harm, two suggested benefit and two suggested no impact, while the results were inconsistent in three reports.

Conclusion

The current evidence for the effect of opioids on neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants is inconclusive and of very low certainty.

背景：在新生儿重症监护病房，阿片类药物通常用于减轻早产儿的疼痛和窘迫。然而，人们担心接触阿片类药物可能会对他们的神经发育产生不利影响。方法对随机对照试验（RCTs）和观察性研究（OSs）进行系统回顾，探讨阿片类药物对早产儿神经发育结局的影响。我们遵循Cochrane协作的指导方针和那些OSs合成的指导方针。当至少有两项研究报告了结果时，结果被合并。我们对不适合合并的数据进行了定性综合。结果系统评价纳入16项研究的21条记录（13项os [n = 2993]， 3项rct [n = 180]）。对10项研究进行了定量分析。所有结果的证据确定性都“非常低”。阿片类药物暴露的早产儿的主要结局神经发育障碍的风险没有增加（OR: 1.15, 95% ci: 0.64, 2.08, 5个os， n = 697; OR: 1.29, 95% ci: 0.56, 3.01, 2个rct， n = 151）。阿片类药物组除了2-3岁时较低的运动评分外，不良次要结局没有增加（MD: -6.19, 85% CI: - 11.26, - 1.11, 4 os, n = 692）。在调整数据的定性分析中，阿片类药物显示出不同的影响：10份报告认为有害，2份报告认为有益，2份报告认为没有影响，而3份报告的结果不一致。结论目前关于阿片类药物对早产儿神经发育结局影响的证据尚无定论，而且确定性很低。

{"title":"Neurodevelopmental effects of opioids in preterm infants – A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and observational studies","authors":"Maya Rakshasbhuvankar , Chandra Rath , Sachin Agrawal , Sanjay Patole","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Opioids are commonly used to reduce pain and distress in preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units. However, there is a concern that exposure to opioids may adversely affect their neurodevelopment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (OSs) to investigate the effect of opioids on neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. We followed the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and those for the synthesis of OSs. Results were pooled when at least two studies reported the outcome. We performed a qualitative synthesis for data not suitable for pooling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The systematic review included 21 records of 16 studies (13 OSs [<em>n</em> = 2993] and three RCTs [<em>n</em> = 180]). Quantitative analysis was possible for ten studies. The certainty of evidence was ‘very low’ for all outcomes. The risk of neurodevelopmental impairment, the primary outcome, was not increased in opioid exposed preterm infants (OR: 1.15, 95 % CIs: 0.64, 2.08, 5 OSs, <em>n</em> = 697 and OR: 1.29, 95 % CIs: 0.56, 3.01, 2 RCTs, <em>n</em> = 151). There was no increase in adverse secondary outcomes apart from lower motor scores at 2–3 years of age (MD: -6.19, 85 % CI: −11.26, −1.11, 4 OSs, <em>n</em> = 692) in the opioid group. On qualitative analysis of adjusted data, opioids showed variable effects: ten reports suggested harm, two suggested benefit and two suggested no impact, while the results were inconsistent in three reports.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current evidence for the effect of opioids on neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants is inconclusive and of very low certainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction effect of gestational age on the association between sleep and neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood: A longitudinal study from birth to 24 months 胎龄对儿童早期睡眠与神经发育结果相关性的交互作用：一项从出生到24个月的纵向研究

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106354

Peggy Hiu Ying Chan , Ching Man Lai , Patrick C.M. Wong , Hugh Simon Lam

Objective

To investigate how gestational age at birth (GA) affects the sleep durations from birth to 24 months old and its association with neurocognitive outcomes.

Study design

Longitudinal sleep data from birth to 24 months of age were collected using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). Of the 481 participants, 259 underwent neurodevelopment assessments at 24 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition.

Results

Daytime sleep (DS) in the first 3 months(3 m) significantly differed between term-born infants and moderate to late preterm (MLPT) infants (6.32 vs 6.86 h; p < 0.05). Shorter DS and longer nighttime sleep (NS) after 3 months of age were significantly associated with better language outcome. Significant interaction between GA and 24-month NS indicates that this effect was stronger in infants born at a more mature GA. Longer DS from birth to 24 months was associated with a 29 % to 48 % higher risk of language delay. GA also influenced the effect of 6-month total sleep (TS) on predicting the risk of cognitive, language, and motor delay, suggesting a higher risk of delay for more premature infants who sleep longer at 6 months.

Conclusion

This study revealed the complex associations between longitudinal infant sleep and neurodevelopmental outcomes, with GA serving as a moderating factor. The study highlights a need to further explore the associations between GA, early life sleep durations, and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

目的探讨出生胎龄（GA）对出生至24月龄睡眠时间的影响及其与神经认知预后的关系。研究设计使用婴儿睡眠问卷（BISQ）收集从出生到24个月大的纵向睡眠数据。在481名参与者中，259人在24个月时使用Bayley婴幼儿发育量表（第三版）进行了神经发育评估。结果足月儿和中晚早产儿（MLPT）前3个月（3 m）的日间睡眠（DS）差异显著(6.32 h vs 6.86 h；p & lt;0.05)。3月龄后较短的DS和较长的夜间睡眠（NS）与较好的语言预后显著相关。GA和24月龄NS之间的显著相互作用表明，在GA更成熟的婴儿中，这种影响更强。从出生到24个月的DS较长，语言迟缓的风险增加29%至48%。GA还影响了6个月总睡眠（TS）对预测认知、语言和运动延迟风险的影响，表明6个月时睡眠时间较长的早产儿延迟风险更高。结论本研究揭示了纵向婴儿睡眠与神经发育结局之间的复杂关联，GA是一个调节因素。该研究强调需要进一步探索GA、早期睡眠时间和神经发育结果之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0

Maternal involvement and the language environment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) – a cohort study 新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的母亲参与和语言环境——一项队列研究

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106353

Megumi Mori , Alicia Hersey , Richard Tucker , Melinda Caskey , Betty R. Vohr , Elisabeth C. McGowan

Background

Preterm infants are at increased risk for language delays. Increased word exposure in the NICU is associated with increased child language skills at 2 years. Additionally, increased maternal involvement in infant care in the NICU is associated with improved outcomes.

Aims

To examine associations between maternal involvement in the NICU and early infant language exposures and vocalizations.

Study design

Outcome data were obtained for the control arm of a larger RCT at Women & Infant's Hospital NICU from January 2013 to August 2016 which enrolled infants < 32 weeks gestational age. Audio environment was captured and analyzed for adult word count (AWC), child vocalizations (CV) and conversational turns (CT) at 32-, 34- and 36-weeks PMA. Infant chart was reviewed for total hours of maternal involvement (visitation, skin-to-skin contact, holding, touching, bedside care and feeding participation) per recording day.

Results

As infant gestational age increased, maternal feeding involvement and infant holding increased, while skin-to-skin care decreased. Aggregate counts of maternal involvements over all recording days showed 51 % of mothers participated in 5–6 involvements and 4 % in 0 involvements. Negative binomial model showed that for every stepwise increase in maternal involvement, there was a 116 % increase (rate ratio 2.16; 1.78–2.62; p < 0.0001) in AWCs and a subsequent 74 % increase (rate ratio 1.74; 1.47–2.05, p < 0.0001) in CTs over the 3 recordings.

Conclusions

Infants of mother with increased involvement experienced increased exposure to AWC and responded with increased CTs. Increasing opportunities and types of parental care involvement are ideal methods of fostering early language development.

背景：早产儿语言迟缓的风险增加。新生儿重症监护室中增加的文字接触与儿童2岁时语言技能的提高有关。此外，在新生儿重症监护室中，增加母亲参与婴儿护理与改善预后有关。目的探讨母亲在新生儿重症监护室的参与与婴儿早期语言接触和发声之间的关系。研究设计：结果数据来自于Women &；2013年1月至2016年8月，婴儿医院NICU招收婴儿；32周胎龄。在32周、34周和36周时，采集并分析成人单词计数（AWC）、儿童发声（CV）和会话回合（CT）的音频环境。检查每个记录日产妇参与婴儿的总小时数（探视、皮肤接触、抱着、抚摸、床边护理和喂养参与）。结果随着婴儿胎龄的增加，母亲的喂养参与和婴儿的拥抱增加，而皮肤对皮肤的护理减少。在所有记录日中，母亲参与的总数显示，51%的母亲参与了5-6次参与，4%的母亲参与了0次参与。负二项模型显示，每一步增加产妇参与，增加116%(比率比2.16；1.78 - -2.62;p & lt;0.0001)，随后增加74%(比率比1.74；1.47-2.05, p <；0.0001)。结论母亲参与程度越高，婴儿接触AWC的几率越大，ct的反应也越明显。增加父母照顾的机会和类型是促进早期语言发展的理想方法。

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引用次数: 0

Small-for-gestational-age and eating problems in infants aged 2.5 years: a nationwide population-based study in Japan 2.5岁婴儿的小胎龄和饮食问题：日本一项基于全国人口的研究

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106352

Akihito Takeuchi , Naomi Matsumoto , Yousuke Higuchi , Asami Ohyama , Kei Tamai , Kazue Nakamura , Makoto Nakamura , Misao Kageyama , Takashi Yorifuji

Objective

To examine the association between small-for-gestational-age (SGA) status and eating behaviors in infants.

Methods

Data from a large nationwide population-based longitudinal survey in Japan that began in 2010 was analyzed. The study participants were preterm and term children aged 2.5 years with information on eating behaviors (n = 32,096). SGA was defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile for GA, based on the Japanese reference value for birth size. Poisson regression was used to estimate the risk ratios (RRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between SGA status and each eating problems at 2.5 years of age, adjusting for potential infant- and parent-related confounding factors.

Results

SGA children were more likely to have a small appetite (aRR: 2.08, 95 % CI: 1.86–2.32) and fluctuating appetite (aRR: 1.09, 95 % CI: 1.04–1.14), and were more likely to be unable to eat calmly (aRR 1.10, 95 % CI:1.05–1.15) than non-SGA children after controlling for potential confounding variables.

Conclusions

SGA was a risk factor for appetite and behavioral problems during eating. For SGA children who are prone to difficulties with eating behavior, a multifaceted approach should be taken to help them improve.

目的探讨婴儿小胎龄（SGA）状况与饮食行为的关系。方法对2010年开始的日本全国人口纵向调查数据进行分析。该研究的参与者是2.5岁的早产儿和足月儿童，他们有饮食行为的信息（n = 32,096）。SGA被定义为出生体重低于GA的第10百分位，基于日本出生尺寸参考值。泊松回归用于估计2.5岁时SGA状态与每种饮食问题之间关联的风险比（rr）和95%置信区间（ci），并对潜在的婴儿和父母相关的混杂因素进行调整。结果控制潜在混杂变量后，ssga患儿更容易出现食欲小（aRR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.86 ~ 2.32）和食欲波动（aRR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04 ~ 1.14），更容易出现无法平静进食（aRR: 1.10, 95% CI:1.05 ~ 1.15）。结论ssga是进食过程中出现食欲和行为问题的危险因素。对于容易出现饮食行为困难的SGA儿童，应采取多方面的方法来帮助他们改善。

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引用次数: 0

Parental Five-to-Fifteen questionnaire in identifying motor difficulties at 5 years in children with later motor impairment: A longitudinal follow-up study of very preterm infants 父母5 - 15问卷在识别5岁后运动障碍儿童中的运动困难：一项对极早产儿的纵向随访研究

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106348

Eeva Mäkilä , Mikael O. Ekblad , Päivi Rautava , Anna Nyman , Annika Lind , Helena Lapinleimu , Leena Haataja , Sirkku Setänen , on behalf of the PIPARI Study Group

Children born very preterm have an increased risk for motor impairments. We aimed to evaluate motor performance at 5 years in children born very preterm with and without motor impairment using the parental questionnaire Five-to-Fifteen (FTF).

This prospective follow-up study included 132 children born very preterm (gestational age < 32 weeks and/or birth weight ≤ 1500 g) without neurodevelopmental impairment at 2 years. Parents filled out the FTF regarding the neurodevelopment of their 5-year-old children. Higher scores indicated more difficulties. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children — Second Edition (MABC-2) was performed to evaluate the motor outcome at 11 years. Total test scores ≤15th percentile denoted motor impairment.

There were 23 (17.4 %) children with motor impairment. A 1-point increase in the FTF motor skills mean scores increased the risk of motor impairment to 19-fold (OR 19.1, 95 % CI 3.5–104.5, p = 0.001). Children with motor impairment had higher mean scores in the FTF motor skills compared to children without motor impairment (mean 0.56 vs. 0.26, p < 0.001), but also in Executive functions (0.63 vs. 0.40, p = 0.001), Perception (0.35 vs. 0.18, p < 0.001), Memory (0.51 vs. 0.31 p = 0.01) and Language (0.45 vs. 0.25, p = 0.02), respectively.

Motor impairment was almost 20 times more likely when motor difficulties increased by 1 point in the FTF questionnaire. Moreover, children with motor impairment had more difficulties in all other developmental domains of the FTF. Based on these findings, the FTF parental questionnaire might be a useful tool in children's preventive health care to early identify motor impairment and its negative associations.

早产儿患运动障碍的风险更高。我们的目的是用父母问卷5 - 15 （FTF）来评估5岁时有或没有运动障碍的早产儿的运动表现。这项前瞻性随访研究包括132名早产儿(胎龄<；32周和/或出生体重≤1500克)2岁时无神经发育障碍。家长们填写了关于他们5岁孩子神经发育的FTF。分数越高，说明难度越大。采用儿童运动评估系列-第二版（MABC-2）来评估11岁时的运动结果。总分≤15百分位为运动障碍。运动障碍患儿23例（17.4%）。FTF运动技能每增加1分，意味着运动障碍的风险增加19倍（OR 19.1, 95% CI 3.5-104.5, p = 0.001）。运动障碍儿童的FTF运动技能平均得分高于无运动障碍儿童(平均0.56比0.26,p <；0.001)，而且执行功能（0.63 vs. 0.40, p = 0.001），感知(0.35 vs. 0.18, p <；0.001)，记忆（0.51 vs. 0.31 p = 0.01）和语言（0.45 vs. 0.25, p = 0.02）。当运动障碍在FTF问卷中增加1分时，运动障碍的可能性几乎增加了20倍。此外，运动障碍儿童在FTF的所有其他发展领域都有更多的困难。基于这些发现，FTF父母问卷可能是儿童预防性保健的有用工具，可以早期识别运动障碍及其负面关联。

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引用次数: 0

Pubertal growth spurt does not occur in some normally growing Polish girls, suggesting an evolutionary origin of adolescent growth polymorphism 在一些正常生长的波兰女孩中，青春期生长突飞猛进并不发生，这表明青春期生长多态性的进化起源

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106358

Maciej Henneberg , Iwona Rosset , Elżbieta Żądzińska

Objective

Numerous child growth studies showed the adolescent growth spurt in body height to the extent that its presence became a dogma applied to humans as a species. However, observations of growth in the 19th c. and in small traditional societies showed for some children a steady growth without visible pubertal spurt. Recently, substantial variation in the age at puberty and the magnitude of growth acceleration during puberty have been observed.

Methods

Longitudinal height growth data of 110 girls aged 6–18 years (1314 height measurements in total) from a homogenous socio-economic situation were analysed by fitting polynomial regressions on age and assessing their first and second derivatives (growth velocity and acceleration).

Results

Among 110 girls, 18 (16 %) showed a steady growth with no spurts, while others' accelerations were highly variable. Girls who experienced a growth spurt had a mean age at peak height velocity of 11.2 years and a mean peak height velocity of 69.3 mm, comparable to many other studies. There was a negative correlation between adult height and variation in individual accelerations (r-0.24, p = 0.01) – girls whose accelerations differed less yearly (lower spurt) achieved greater adult heights.

Conclusions

Human growth at adolescence is highly variable, polymorphic, to the extent that the growth in height without the distinct pubertal spurt is also a normal polymorphic variant. Girls who had no significant growth spurt attained the same adult height at exactly the same age as their “spurting” peers.

客观：大量的儿童生长研究表明，青少年身高的快速增长，以至于它的存在成为一种教条，适用于人类这个物种。然而，对19世纪和小型传统社会的成长观察表明，一些儿童的成长稳定，没有明显的青春期爆发。最近，已经观察到青春期年龄和青春期生长加速幅度的实质性变化。方法对同质社会经济条件下的110名6 ~ 18岁女孩（共1314个身高测量值）的纵向身高增长数据进行年龄拟合多项式回归分析，并评估其一阶导数和二阶导数（生长速度和加速度）。结果在110名女生中，18名（16%）表现出稳定增长，没有突发性增长，而其他女生的加速变化很大。经历生长突增的女孩的平均年龄峰值高度速度为11.2岁，平均峰值高度速度为69.3毫米，与许多其他研究相媲美。成人身高与个体加速度变化呈负相关（r-0.24, p = 0.01），加速度差异较小的女孩成年身高较高。结论人的青春期生长具有高度的多变性和多态性，在一定程度上身高的生长没有明显的青春期发育突增也是一种正常的多态变异。没有显著生长突增的女孩在与“突增”的同龄人完全相同的年龄达到了相同的成年身高。

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引用次数: 0