Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.10
Tomasz Czapiewski, M. Woźniak
This paper seeks to extend previous analyses of localism of candidates� To our knowledge, this is the first study of the ‘friends and neighbours’ voting (FNV) effect in Central and Eastern Europe employing the data of the candidate’s exact place of residence and using dispersion of votes between electoral precincts, as in Poland votes in each precinct are counted and published separately� The basic hypothesis of the paper was that the place of residence is a factor that significantly affects the spatial distribution of votes� Using spatial autocorrelation, we identify spatial clusters of votes for specific candidates� The conducted research indicates that the intensity of the FNV effect differs between candidates� This local bonus, which in fact is the FNV effect, is an attribute of selected candidates� It can be seen that a candidate’s locality is a more important attribute influencing voting results in certain city districts, — ABSTRAKT —
{"title":"Friends and Neighbours Voting in Local Elections in Open List System: Evidence from Poland","authors":"Tomasz Czapiewski, M. Woźniak","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.10","url":null,"abstract":"This paper seeks to extend previous analyses of localism of candidates� To our knowledge, this is the first study of the ‘friends and neighbours’ voting (FNV) effect in Central and Eastern Europe employing the data of the candidate’s exact place of residence and using dispersion of votes between electoral precincts, as in Poland votes in each precinct are counted and published separately� The basic hypothesis of the paper was that the place of residence is a factor that significantly affects the spatial distribution of votes� Using spatial autocorrelation, we identify spatial clusters of votes for specific candidates� The conducted research indicates that the intensity of the FNV effect differs between candidates� This local bonus, which in fact is the FNV effect, is an attribute of selected candidates� It can be seen that a candidate’s locality is a more important attribute influencing voting results in certain city districts, — ABSTRAKT —","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123764450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.05
Martinas Malužinas
Since the first quarter of 2020, the whole world has been struggling with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic� More and more governments are introducing restrictions and bans for security reasons, with the aim of limiting the transmission of the virus and reducing health risks for citizens� The scale of the problem is best illustrated by the rising numbers of infections and deaths� In addition to the epidemic threat worldwide, the pandemic has brought to light many other problems and challenges� One of them is growing crisis of democracy around the world� Using a systemic approach, the article sets out to analyse the state and problems of contemporary Lithuanian democracy under pandemic conditions, focusing also on indicators of democracy and public opinion polls� It evaluates, inter alia, the state of — ABSTRAKT —
{"title":"Lithuanian Democracy under the State of Emergency : Will the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect the Assessment of the State of Democracy in the Country? – System Analysis","authors":"Martinas Malužinas","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.05","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first quarter of 2020, the whole world has been struggling with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic� More and more governments are introducing restrictions and bans for security reasons, with the aim of limiting the transmission of the virus and reducing health risks for citizens� The scale of the problem is best illustrated by the rising numbers of infections and deaths� In addition to the epidemic threat worldwide, the pandemic has brought to light many other problems and challenges� One of them is growing crisis of democracy around the world� Using a systemic approach, the article sets out to analyse the state and problems of contemporary Lithuanian democracy under pandemic conditions, focusing also on indicators of democracy and public opinion polls� It evaluates, inter alia, the state of — ABSTRAKT —","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130534689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.02
Agnieszka Węglińska, Łukasz Szurmiński, Maria Wąsicka-Sroczyńska
This study addresses the positioning of Poland’s public television network (TVP) within the country’s contemporary political system� In a democratic country, the media laws determine journalism practices and the media content� In this study, three perspectives of analysis were used to assess the relationship between the process of politicization and the selection and shaping of news� Three areas of the TVP’s politicization were focused on: media law, journalists, and media content, to show the dependence between these fields and how the news was shaped and presented� Mixed methods of empirical research were used to investigate the raised issues; the authors focused on Polish parliament papers (N = 45) regarding the legal regulations of Polish public broadcasters during the period of 2015–2016; conducted in-depth interviews with journalists with TVP experience (N = 20); and performed — ABSTRAKT —
{"title":"Politicization as a Factor of Shaping News in the Public Service Media : A Case Study on Public Television in Poland","authors":"Agnieszka Węglińska, Łukasz Szurmiński, Maria Wąsicka-Sroczyńska","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.02","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the positioning of Poland’s public television network (TVP) within the country’s contemporary political system� In a democratic country, the media laws determine journalism practices and the media content� In this study, three perspectives of analysis were used to assess the relationship between the process of politicization and the selection and shaping of news� Three areas of the TVP’s politicization were focused on: media law, journalists, and media content, to show the dependence between these fields and how the news was shaped and presented� Mixed methods of empirical research were used to investigate the raised issues; the authors focused on Polish parliament papers (N = 45) regarding the legal regulations of Polish public broadcasters during the period of 2015–2016; conducted in-depth interviews with journalists with TVP experience (N = 20); and performed — ABSTRAKT —","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132253117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.09
Maciej Bachryj-Krzywaźnia, Anna Pacześniak
Within the last few years, radical right-wing parties gained relevance in some European countries, shifting the position of marginal political rebel to being a serious competitor of the mainstream parties� To explain the emergence and volatile fortune of this party family, we resort to supply-side explanation, and we analyse the case of the Flemish Vlaams Belang (VB) which suffered severe electoral defeat in 2014, to be reborn five years later� The analysis is based on the existing data concerning party platform, shift in electoral support, campaign spending, and the findings from individual in-depth interviews conducted with people from party headquarter — ABSTRAKT —
{"title":"Rising from the Ashes of Electoral Defeat : Reversal of Vlaams Belang’s Electoral Fortune in the Light of Supply-Side Explanation","authors":"Maciej Bachryj-Krzywaźnia, Anna Pacześniak","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.09","url":null,"abstract":"Within the last few years, radical right-wing parties gained relevance in some European countries, shifting the position of marginal political rebel to being a serious competitor of the mainstream parties� To explain the emergence and volatile fortune of this party family, we resort to supply-side explanation, and we analyse the case of the Flemish Vlaams Belang (VB) which suffered severe electoral defeat in 2014, to be reborn five years later� The analysis is based on the existing data concerning party platform, shift in electoral support, campaign spending, and the findings from individual in-depth interviews conducted with people from party headquarter — ABSTRAKT —","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114925228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.03
Róża Norström, Mariusz Kolczyński
This paper aims at empirically testing the usefulness of Galtung’s model of peace and war journalism in the analysis of the coverage of the 2020 US presidential election by Polish television news programs� The work also aims to investigate whether similar mechanisms can be used in the coverage of elections as in the coverage of wars� We explore through what perspective – peace or war journalism – the election was covered and what specific mechanisms of these models were used� We also discuss whether the war journalism or peace journalism coverage perspective of the event was influenced by polarization and the political affiliation of the Polish media and how these factors influenced the way the US presidential candidates were presented�
{"title":"War and Peace Journalism in the Coverage of the 2020 US Presidential Election","authors":"Róża Norström, Mariusz Kolczyński","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.03","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims at empirically testing the usefulness of Galtung’s model of peace and war journalism in the analysis of the coverage of the 2020 US presidential election by Polish television news programs� The work also aims to investigate whether similar mechanisms can be used in the coverage of elections as in the coverage of wars� We explore through what perspective – peace or war journalism – the election was covered and what specific mechanisms of these models were used� We also discuss whether the war journalism or peace journalism coverage perspective of the event was influenced by polarization and the political affiliation of the Polish media and how these factors influenced the way the US presidential candidates were presented�","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"30 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134222430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.13
Łukasz Perlikowski
Political stability is a key category in general political theory and in the analysis of political systems� The correct determination of the semantic scope of this concept and its proper operationalization seem to be of fundamental importance for both theoretical and empirical scientific considerations� The text draws attention to two basic variants of stability (invariability and flexibility) and two basic aspects of the concept of stability (phenomenon and potential)� The conceptual ordering of the issue of political stability, supported by a literature review on the subject, aims to provide a basis for formulating the most adequate approach to the study of political systems stability� The main purpose of the text is therefore to operationalize the concept of stability and, moreover, to indicate the possible research consequences of adopting the proposed perspective�
{"title":"Political Stability as a Phenomenon and a Potential","authors":"Łukasz Perlikowski","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.13","url":null,"abstract":"Political stability is a key category in general political theory and in the analysis of political systems� The correct determination of the semantic scope of this concept and its proper operationalization seem to be of fundamental importance for both theoretical and empirical scientific considerations� The text draws attention to two basic variants of stability (invariability and flexibility) and two basic aspects of the concept of stability (phenomenon and potential)� The conceptual ordering of the issue of political stability, supported by a literature review on the subject, aims to provide a basis for formulating the most adequate approach to the study of political systems stability� The main purpose of the text is therefore to operationalize the concept of stability and, moreover, to indicate the possible research consequences of adopting the proposed perspective�","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127445916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.04
M. Kamionka, P. Bielicki
The aim of our considerations is to present the most important determinants and implications characterizing the views of the young generation of Russians on the political and economic events taking place in the Russian Federation in 2020–2021� The subject of our interest will be the analysis of the causes of growing disapproval of young people towards the president of the country, Vladimir Putin, in this period� At the beginning of this study, we will examine the political situation in Russia following Putin’s next re-election in March 2018 and the deterioration in the economic situation of the country’s young citizens, multiplied by the outbreak and development of the coronavirus pandemic� An important problem that we faced is the attitude towards the return to the country in January 2021 of the oppositionist Alexei Navalny and his immediate detention by repressive state — ABSTRAKT —
{"title":"Political and Economic Determinants of the Attitudes of the Young Generation in the Russian Federation in 2020–2021","authors":"M. Kamionka, P. Bielicki","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.04","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our considerations is to present the most important determinants and implications characterizing the views of the young generation of Russians on the political and economic events taking place in the Russian Federation in 2020–2021� The subject of our interest will be the analysis of the causes of growing disapproval of young people towards the president of the country, Vladimir Putin, in this period� At the beginning of this study, we will examine the political situation in Russia following Putin’s next re-election in March 2018 and the deterioration in the economic situation of the country’s young citizens, multiplied by the outbreak and development of the coronavirus pandemic� An important problem that we faced is the attitude towards the return to the country in January 2021 of the oppositionist Alexei Navalny and his immediate detention by repressive state — ABSTRAKT —","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127682348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.12
Anna Wierzchowska
— The current study assumes that the notion of sustainable development, typical for the discourse on environmental protection, can be also applied to political research and indicates that institutions play a very important role in the process of creating and maintaining the balance of the political system, the aim of which is to build sustainable relations between different participants in its space� The European Union, which seems to feature characteristics of a hybrid organization and displays strong tendency to increase complexity, is examined� The EU institutions have a very important and often difficult role to play in sustaining intergovernmental and supranational influence and therefore often find themselves in contradictory situations� The intersecting efforts to deepen integration and at the same time the need to protect sovereignty do not allow for straightforward achievement of sus-—
{"title":"Shaping of Sustainable Political System in a Supranational Space of the European Union: Institutional Perspective","authors":"Anna Wierzchowska","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.12","url":null,"abstract":"— The current study assumes that the notion of sustainable development, typical for the discourse on environmental protection, can be also applied to political research and indicates that institutions play a very important role in the process of creating and maintaining the balance of the political system, the aim of which is to build sustainable relations between different participants in its space� The European Union, which seems to feature characteristics of a hybrid organization and displays strong tendency to increase complexity, is examined� The EU institutions have a very important and often difficult role to play in sustaining intergovernmental and supranational influence and therefore often find themselves in contradictory situations� The intersecting efforts to deepen integration and at the same time the need to protect sovereignty do not allow for straightforward achievement of sus-—","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131658485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.01
Jacek Nożewski, Paweł Baranowski
Since the contemporary public sphere has largely moved online, Twitter has become the leading platform of political debate� Potentially harmful echo spheres, selective exposure and social media filter bubbles that limit individuals to their own opinions can be especially alarming when it concerns politicians� This paper aims to investigate the degree of homophily among Polish MPs, simultaneously indicating the way politicians form follower communication structures� The analysis of the data gathered from Twitter revealed observable elements of polarization at the political affiliation level, although the level of parliament chambers was found meaningless in that case� The Polish political Twittersphere is dominated by the two biggest parties, accurately reflecting parliament composition� The use of communication structure is examined throughout this paper, ultimately confirming the homo— ABSTRAKT —
{"title":"“Birds of a Feather Flock Together” : Bipolarity, Homophily and Intra-Party Communication Degree of Polish MPs on Twitter","authors":"Jacek Nożewski, Paweł Baranowski","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.01","url":null,"abstract":"Since the contemporary public sphere has largely moved online, Twitter has become the leading platform of political debate� Potentially harmful echo spheres, selective exposure and social media filter bubbles that limit individuals to their own opinions can be especially alarming when it concerns politicians� This paper aims to investigate the degree of homophily among Polish MPs, simultaneously indicating the way politicians form follower communication structures� The analysis of the data gathered from Twitter revealed observable elements of polarization at the political affiliation level, although the level of parliament chambers was found meaningless in that case� The Polish political Twittersphere is dominated by the two biggest parties, accurately reflecting parliament composition� The use of communication structure is examined throughout this paper, ultimately confirming the homo— ABSTRAKT —","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121984372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.15804/athena.2021.72.08
Nicolas Levi
North Korea was always considered as a strategic partner for China� Mao Zedong described the relation of his country with North Korea as follows: “If the lips are gone, the teeth will be cold”, a reference to the strategic importance of the North as a geographical security buffer� Later, in spite of the closed nature of North Korea, Kim Ilsung visited China more than forty times� North Korea, a country considered to be homogeneous, seen from the outside but perhaps also from the inside, is confronted with a little-known cultural, linguistic and religious diversity� The major economic crisis in North Korea of the 1990s have led its authorities to rethink the advantages of its unknown heterogeneity� The main component of its heterogeneity is the Chinese diaspora, which migrated, through several waves, starting from the 1880s� This vibrant but limited in terms of number Chinese diaspora was initially recognized, but also discriminated, and due to — ABSTRAKT —
{"title":"The Chinese Diaspora in North Korea: Selected Aspects","authors":"Nicolas Levi","doi":"10.15804/athena.2021.72.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2021.72.08","url":null,"abstract":"North Korea was always considered as a strategic partner for China� Mao Zedong described the relation of his country with North Korea as follows: “If the lips are gone, the teeth will be cold”, a reference to the strategic importance of the North as a geographical security buffer� Later, in spite of the closed nature of North Korea, Kim Ilsung visited China more than forty times� North Korea, a country considered to be homogeneous, seen from the outside but perhaps also from the inside, is confronted with a little-known cultural, linguistic and religious diversity� The major economic crisis in North Korea of the 1990s have led its authorities to rethink the advantages of its unknown heterogeneity� The main component of its heterogeneity is the Chinese diaspora, which migrated, through several waves, starting from the 1880s� This vibrant but limited in terms of number Chinese diaspora was initially recognized, but also discriminated, and due to — ABSTRAKT —","PeriodicalId":114578,"journal":{"name":"Athenaeum Polskie Studia Politologiczne","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122005857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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