Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924699
R. Marode, S. R. Pedapati, T. Lemma
High specific strength, superior damping capability, and excellent specific stiffness make magnesium and its alloys a great alternative for usage in the automotive and transportation industries, particularly for electric cars. The AZ91 is a desirable option among magnesium alloys for different applications due to its superior casting qualities.; however, the main obstacles to their widespread usage are their poor surface qualities and lack of corrosion resistance. Thus, the current study aims to enhance surface strength by fabricating AZ91/SiC surface composites. Friction stir processing (FSP) is utilized to refine the microstructures and fabricate the surface composites without introducing any intrinsic flaws. Tool Rotational Speed (TRS), Tool Traverse Speed (TTS), Tool Pin length (PL), and Plunge Depth (PD) were chosen as parameters to investigate their effect on processed materials. Range of 5001500rpm and 20-60 mm/min of TRS and TTS were found to be effective respectively. It was discovered that PL of 3 mm with 3.3 mm PD was successful in producing surface composites with no flaws. The microstructure of the composite band lowers the granule size from $70 mu mathrm{m}$ to $10 mu mathrm{m}$. Subsequently, the strengthening mechanism was attributed to the enhancement of hardness and achieved 15% higher than that of BM.
高比强度、优越的阻尼能力和优异的比刚度使镁及其合金成为汽车和运输行业，特别是电动汽车的重要替代品。AZ91由于其卓越的铸造质量，是镁合金中不同应用的理想选择。然而，其广泛应用的主要障碍是其表面质量差和缺乏耐腐蚀性。因此，本研究旨在通过制备AZ91/SiC表面复合材料来提高表面强度。利用搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)技术，在不引入任何内在缺陷的情况下，细化了材料的微观组织，制备了表面复合材料。选择刀具转速(TRS)、刀具横移速度(TTS)、刀具销长(PL)和插入深度(PD)作为参数，研究它们对加工材料的影响。TRS和TTS分别在5001500rpm和20- 60mm /min范围内有效。发现3 mm的PL和3.3 mm的PD可以成功地生产出无缺陷的表面复合材料。复合带的微观结构使颗粒尺寸从$70 mu mathrm{m}$降低到$10 mu mathrm{m}$。随后，强化机制归因于硬度的提高，比BM提高了15%。
{"title":"Effect of Process Parameters on AZ91/SiC Surface Composites for Lightweight E-vehicles","authors":"R. Marode, S. R. Pedapati, T. Lemma","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924699","url":null,"abstract":"High specific strength, superior damping capability, and excellent specific stiffness make magnesium and its alloys a great alternative for usage in the automotive and transportation industries, particularly for electric cars. The AZ91 is a desirable option among magnesium alloys for different applications due to its superior casting qualities.; however, the main obstacles to their widespread usage are their poor surface qualities and lack of corrosion resistance. Thus, the current study aims to enhance surface strength by fabricating AZ91/SiC surface composites. Friction stir processing (FSP) is utilized to refine the microstructures and fabricate the surface composites without introducing any intrinsic flaws. Tool Rotational Speed (TRS), Tool Traverse Speed (TTS), Tool Pin length (PL), and Plunge Depth (PD) were chosen as parameters to investigate their effect on processed materials. Range of 5001500rpm and 20-60 mm/min of TRS and TTS were found to be effective respectively. It was discovered that PL of 3 mm with 3.3 mm PD was successful in producing surface composites with no flaws. The microstructure of the composite band lowers the granule size from $70 mu mathrm{m}$ to $10 mu mathrm{m}$. Subsequently, the strengthening mechanism was attributed to the enhancement of hardness and achieved 15% higher than that of BM.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115221441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925002
Helmy Rahadian, Steven Bandong, A. Widyotriatmo, E. Joelianto
The development of OT and IT technology and industrial growth requires the design of automation systems that can accommodate scalability and interoperability between devices. OPC UA is a communication protocol that bridges data exchange between devices using different communication platforms and protocols. OPC UA can also connect devices between levels in automation pyramids. As an open platform, open-source OPC UAs such as open62541, OpenOPCUA, and FreeOpcUa is currently being developed by several developer communities. Implementing open-source OPC UA is an attractive option if cost is a significant consideration. However, the primary purpose of implementing OPC UA is to communicate or exchange information effectively and reliably; information about the characteristics and performance of open-source OPC is needed before designing a particular open-source OPC-based automation system platform. This paper utilized FreeOpcUa, a Python OPC UA library, to determine communication traffic features between client and server and perform anomaly detection on the traffic. The results showed that when all clients read server data simultaneously, there was duplication (up to 9%) and loss (up to 5%) of some data packets. Otherwise, the server could read all clients’ transmitted data. Anomaly detection testing with an image-encoding CNN also showed promising results, with accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score values approaching one.
{"title":"Open Source OPC UA Data Traffic Characteristic and Anomaly Detection using Image-Encoding based Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"Helmy Rahadian, Steven Bandong, A. Widyotriatmo, E. Joelianto","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925002","url":null,"abstract":"The development of OT and IT technology and industrial growth requires the design of automation systems that can accommodate scalability and interoperability between devices. OPC UA is a communication protocol that bridges data exchange between devices using different communication platforms and protocols. OPC UA can also connect devices between levels in automation pyramids. As an open platform, open-source OPC UAs such as open62541, OpenOPCUA, and FreeOpcUa is currently being developed by several developer communities. Implementing open-source OPC UA is an attractive option if cost is a significant consideration. However, the primary purpose of implementing OPC UA is to communicate or exchange information effectively and reliably; information about the characteristics and performance of open-source OPC is needed before designing a particular open-source OPC-based automation system platform. This paper utilized FreeOpcUa, a Python OPC UA library, to determine communication traffic features between client and server and perform anomaly detection on the traffic. The results showed that when all clients read server data simultaneously, there was duplication (up to 9%) and loss (up to 5%) of some data packets. Otherwise, the server could read all clients’ transmitted data. Anomaly detection testing with an image-encoding CNN also showed promising results, with accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score values approaching one.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127254948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924981
J.F. Arifwardana, I.P Rushadiawan, D. Tjahjana, M. Nizam, M. Putra, Inayati
The electric motorcycle is one type of transportation that is suitable for urban activities. Electric motorcycles use batteries as an energy storage component to store electrical energy. Lithium-ion batteries are generally used as the battery packs used in electric motorcycles. There are various types of lithium batteries that have different characteristics and performances. In general, electric motorcycle use batteries with small dimensions and have a high energy density such as the NMC type, or batteries with a high number of cycles such as the LiFePO4 type battery. The different batteries will produce different heat characteristics, with an optimal working temperature of 15-35 C. When the battery is used there will be an increase in temperature due to chemical reactions that occur in the battery cells. This paper will further discuss the characteristics of the battery pack when used at different temperatures in real use. The use of different types of batteries has different characteristics when facing an increase in temperature. NMC batteries have faster SOC reduction and higher heat generation compared to LFP.
{"title":"Experimental of Heat Generation on Electric Motorcycle NMC and LiFePO4 Battery Pack","authors":"J.F. Arifwardana, I.P Rushadiawan, D. Tjahjana, M. Nizam, M. Putra, Inayati","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924981","url":null,"abstract":"The electric motorcycle is one type of transportation that is suitable for urban activities. Electric motorcycles use batteries as an energy storage component to store electrical energy. Lithium-ion batteries are generally used as the battery packs used in electric motorcycles. There are various types of lithium batteries that have different characteristics and performances. In general, electric motorcycle use batteries with small dimensions and have a high energy density such as the NMC type, or batteries with a high number of cycles such as the LiFePO4 type battery. The different batteries will produce different heat characteristics, with an optimal working temperature of 15-35 C. When the battery is used there will be an increase in temperature due to chemical reactions that occur in the battery cells. This paper will further discuss the characteristics of the battery pack when used at different temperatures in real use. The use of different types of batteries has different characteristics when facing an increase in temperature. NMC batteries have faster SOC reduction and higher heat generation compared to LFP.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129332207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924957
I.P Rushadiawan, J.F. Arifwardana, D. Tjahjana, M. Nizam, M. Putra, Inayati
Battery development has evolved. One of the potential problems encountered is the presence of thermal runaway that occurs in the cell battery. When thermal runaway occurs, it will spread to the surrounding battery. There are various causes of thermal runaway, one of the most common is an increase in temperature that exceeds the optimal allowable limit. Additional cooling will be required in vehicles running on batteries. Battery performance needs to be maintained at a conditioned temperature-temperature settings will be useful to maintain battery pack life. The obstacle encountered in setting the battery pack temperature on electric motorcycles is the application of the swap method on the battery and the limited space for the electric motorcycle. The use of a compartment with a cooler will be a solution to keep the battery temperature at an optimal working temperature (less than 35C). The use of air conditioning in the swap-type battery compartment can maintain battery performance up to 12% better than without coolers.
{"title":"Analysis of Li-Ion Battery Pack Performance Air Cooling Battery Compartment on a Swappable Battery of Electric Motorcycle","authors":"I.P Rushadiawan, J.F. Arifwardana, D. Tjahjana, M. Nizam, M. Putra, Inayati","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924957","url":null,"abstract":"Battery development has evolved. One of the potential problems encountered is the presence of thermal runaway that occurs in the cell battery. When thermal runaway occurs, it will spread to the surrounding battery. There are various causes of thermal runaway, one of the most common is an increase in temperature that exceeds the optimal allowable limit. Additional cooling will be required in vehicles running on batteries. Battery performance needs to be maintained at a conditioned temperature-temperature settings will be useful to maintain battery pack life. The obstacle encountered in setting the battery pack temperature on electric motorcycles is the application of the swap method on the battery and the limited space for the electric motorcycle. The use of a compartment with a cooler will be a solution to keep the battery temperature at an optimal working temperature (less than 35C). The use of air conditioning in the swap-type battery compartment can maintain battery performance up to 12% better than without coolers.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114526921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924668
Niko Questera, M. V. G. Aziz, A. Purwadi
The adoption of electric vehicles in Indonesia is still not growing fast. One reason is that users have a range of anxiety about an electric vehicle because of the lack of places to charge or swap the batteries. Besides that, there is still a debate about whether using a charging station or a battery swap station is best. We must look at this problem from various points of view, including demography, geography, culture, and its impact on the socio-economy. We developed a preliminary ecosystem design of electric vehicles per demographics, geography, culture, and local problems in Indonesia. Our goal is to build this ecosystem with capital that is not large but has maximum benefits. Battery swap requires us to invest a lot of battery packs and the risk of damage to the pack. The charging station also requires us to invest in a place that is not cheap. We propose a mobile charger station, that patrols a zone, and is on-demand via an application. Moreover, it provides PLN electricity plugs (already everywhere) at hotspots, cafes, and other places. This solution at least has a smaller investment value of up to 10% and also, results in charging locations everywhere, which indirectly solves the problem of range anxiety in electric vehicles.
{"title":"Preliminary Design to Overcome Range Anxiety in Indonesia Using the Quest Motors Electric Vehicles Ecosystem","authors":"Niko Questera, M. V. G. Aziz, A. Purwadi","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924668","url":null,"abstract":"The adoption of electric vehicles in Indonesia is still not growing fast. One reason is that users have a range of anxiety about an electric vehicle because of the lack of places to charge or swap the batteries. Besides that, there is still a debate about whether using a charging station or a battery swap station is best. We must look at this problem from various points of view, including demography, geography, culture, and its impact on the socio-economy. We developed a preliminary ecosystem design of electric vehicles per demographics, geography, culture, and local problems in Indonesia. Our goal is to build this ecosystem with capital that is not large but has maximum benefits. Battery swap requires us to invest a lot of battery packs and the risk of damage to the pack. The charging station also requires us to invest in a place that is not cheap. We propose a mobile charger station, that patrols a zone, and is on-demand via an application. Moreover, it provides PLN electricity plugs (already everywhere) at hotspots, cafes, and other places. This solution at least has a smaller investment value of up to 10% and also, results in charging locations everywhere, which indirectly solves the problem of range anxiety in electric vehicles.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129523598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925014
Fahmi Muzaki, S. Zulaikah, B. Budiman
Solid state battery (SSB) is potentially favorably as energy storage for electric vehicles because of the higher energy density offered and the use of solid electrolytes with good thermal resistance that solve the safety problems induced by fluid electrolytes. However, cracks that appear during charge-discharge cycling on the SSB have not been cleared up by this recent development and ended up affecting the battery performance. This crack arises from high compressive loading cycles by the volume change of the anode and cathode during lithiation/delithiation, in which the crack propagation can affect the conductivity of solid electrolyte ions. Therefore, this study aims to determine and analyze the effect of compressive loading on the cracking of solid electrolytes toward ionic conductivity. The research was carried out by giving a compressive load of 0.15 MPa to $mathrm{L}mathrm{i}_{1.3}mathrm{A}1_{0.3}mathrm{T}mathrm{i}_{1.7}(mathrm{P}mathrm{O}_{4})_{3}$ (LATP) solid electrolyte. A Cohesive Zone Element is applied to the grain boundaries of LATP solid electrolyte to simulate the cracking process. The result was analyzed and showed that ionic conductivity increases under compressive loading but was expected to decrease when the crack appears.
{"title":"Finite Element Analysis of LATP Solid Electrolyte under Compressive Loading","authors":"Fahmi Muzaki, S. Zulaikah, B. Budiman","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925014","url":null,"abstract":"Solid state battery (SSB) is potentially favorably as energy storage for electric vehicles because of the higher energy density offered and the use of solid electrolytes with good thermal resistance that solve the safety problems induced by fluid electrolytes. However, cracks that appear during charge-discharge cycling on the SSB have not been cleared up by this recent development and ended up affecting the battery performance. This crack arises from high compressive loading cycles by the volume change of the anode and cathode during lithiation/delithiation, in which the crack propagation can affect the conductivity of solid electrolyte ions. Therefore, this study aims to determine and analyze the effect of compressive loading on the cracking of solid electrolytes toward ionic conductivity. The research was carried out by giving a compressive load of 0.15 MPa to $mathrm{L}mathrm{i}_{1.3}mathrm{A}1_{0.3}mathrm{T}mathrm{i}_{1.7}(mathrm{P}mathrm{O}_{4})_{3}$ (LATP) solid electrolyte. A Cohesive Zone Element is applied to the grain boundaries of LATP solid electrolyte to simulate the cracking process. The result was analyzed and showed that ionic conductivity increases under compressive loading but was expected to decrease when the crack appears.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132124199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924698
D. Satrijo, O. Kurdi, I. Haryanto, I. Yulianti, Y. A. Wijaya, Maharsi Anung Kesawasidhi
Many parts of the bus frame were connected by joint welding. These welded joints must be strong enough to ensure the safety of passengers when the bus overturns during an accident. To ensure the strength of this welded joint, it is necessary to test the joint. Testing can be done by experimenting directly on the connection or it can also be done by simulation using commercial software. Tests carried out must refer to standards that have been recognized by the international community. In this paper, a simulation will be conducted to test the strength of welded joints using the finite element method concerning the UN-ECE R66 standard. The tests carried out on the bus frame are located at 3 points, namely: the frame, wall frame, and bus roof frame. In the experiment, the object is given a force in the direction of a certain axis for a determined period until the object or object is deformed until a fracture occurs. The maximum stress value obtained at the stress point is used as data for the feasibility of the bus roll test to operate. Tests were carried out experimentally and by simulation using the finite element method. The test result shows that the fracture did not occur at the welded joint both for experimental and simulation. It means that the welded joint is strong enough when the bus overturns during the accident
{"title":"Welding Joint Quality Simulation of Bus Frame Using Finite Element Method","authors":"D. Satrijo, O. Kurdi, I. Haryanto, I. Yulianti, Y. A. Wijaya, Maharsi Anung Kesawasidhi","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924698","url":null,"abstract":"Many parts of the bus frame were connected by joint welding. These welded joints must be strong enough to ensure the safety of passengers when the bus overturns during an accident. To ensure the strength of this welded joint, it is necessary to test the joint. Testing can be done by experimenting directly on the connection or it can also be done by simulation using commercial software. Tests carried out must refer to standards that have been recognized by the international community. In this paper, a simulation will be conducted to test the strength of welded joints using the finite element method concerning the UN-ECE R66 standard. The tests carried out on the bus frame are located at 3 points, namely: the frame, wall frame, and bus roof frame. In the experiment, the object is given a force in the direction of a certain axis for a determined period until the object or object is deformed until a fracture occurs. The maximum stress value obtained at the stress point is used as data for the feasibility of the bus roll test to operate. Tests were carried out experimentally and by simulation using the finite element method. The test result shows that the fracture did not occur at the welded joint both for experimental and simulation. It means that the welded joint is strong enough when the bus overturns during the accident","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127753647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925011
Adzhani Zalfa Aliyadin, A. Purwadi, S. Hidayat
This research is carried out related to the winding design of a BLDC motor for electric bicycles. Using a Bafang BLDC hub motor as a reference motor, which has 18 slot-20 pole configurations, a reverse-engineering process is carried out to obtain a more optimal design. An analysis is done related to the effect of each winding parameter on motor performance. Based on this analysis and the criteria for e-bike BLDC, a winding design is proposed. The design criteria for electric bicycles BLDC are determined by the needs of the rider, government regulations, and physical limitations. The proposed design is compared with the reference design regarding its performance. Finally, an analysis of the magnetic flux distribution was carried out for the proposed design. Based on the experiment, it was found that the proposed design has better performance than the reference design. It was found that the proposed design has the ability to generate 250 watts of constant power for a wider speed range and has higher efficiency.
{"title":"Performance Analysis and Design of 250 Watt Outer Rotor BLDC Motor for Urban Electric Bicycles","authors":"Adzhani Zalfa Aliyadin, A. Purwadi, S. Hidayat","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9925011","url":null,"abstract":"This research is carried out related to the winding design of a BLDC motor for electric bicycles. Using a Bafang BLDC hub motor as a reference motor, which has 18 slot-20 pole configurations, a reverse-engineering process is carried out to obtain a more optimal design. An analysis is done related to the effect of each winding parameter on motor performance. Based on this analysis and the criteria for e-bike BLDC, a winding design is proposed. The design criteria for electric bicycles BLDC are determined by the needs of the rider, government regulations, and physical limitations. The proposed design is compared with the reference design regarding its performance. Finally, an analysis of the magnetic flux distribution was carried out for the proposed design. Based on the experiment, it was found that the proposed design has better performance than the reference design. It was found that the proposed design has the ability to generate 250 watts of constant power for a wider speed range and has higher efficiency.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122633245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924696
Muhammad Ridlwan, Nur Muhammad Syafi’i, Faisal Arif Nurgesang, Rahmat Riza
3D Printing is a promising technology that can create a product quickly. It is good to create products in small quantities with a high degree of geometry complexity. However, its mechanical properties are relatively low. On the other hand, composite technology offers the ability to create a product with relatively large dimensions, and a high strength-to-weight ratio, and can be designed according to its application. In a large dimensional composite product, to add their bending rigidity properties, a core layer such as a honeycomb is used; it is called a sandwich composite. Making composite products in small numbers such as product modification or customization is relatively expensive in terms of material, labor, and processing time. The process begins with designing, making patterns, making molds, fabricating, and finishing products. In this study, a breakthrough in making sandwich composite can eliminate those steps. The result of this study showed that the bending rigidity properties of the sandwich composite were influenced by the mechanical properties of the core, core dimensions, and the parameters of the 3D printing process. Considering the advantages of geometry complexity, the advantages of mechanical properties, and the flexibility of composite, sandwich composites are suitable for modification or customization of electric vehicle components.
{"title":"3D Printed Polymer Core and Carbon Fiber Skin Sandwich Composite: An Alternative Material and Process for Electric Vehicles Customization","authors":"Muhammad Ridlwan, Nur Muhammad Syafi’i, Faisal Arif Nurgesang, Rahmat Riza","doi":"10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924696","url":null,"abstract":"3D Printing is a promising technology that can create a product quickly. It is good to create products in small quantities with a high degree of geometry complexity. However, its mechanical properties are relatively low. On the other hand, composite technology offers the ability to create a product with relatively large dimensions, and a high strength-to-weight ratio, and can be designed according to its application. In a large dimensional composite product, to add their bending rigidity properties, a core layer such as a honeycomb is used; it is called a sandwich composite. Making composite products in small numbers such as product modification or customization is relatively expensive in terms of material, labor, and processing time. The process begins with designing, making patterns, making molds, fabricating, and finishing products. In this study, a breakthrough in making sandwich composite can eliminate those steps. The result of this study showed that the bending rigidity properties of the sandwich composite were influenced by the mechanical properties of the core, core dimensions, and the parameters of the 3D printing process. Considering the advantages of geometry complexity, the advantages of mechanical properties, and the flexibility of composite, sandwich composites are suitable for modification or customization of electric vehicle components.","PeriodicalId":115017,"journal":{"name":"2022 7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology (ICEVT)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114879164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/ICEVT55516.2022.9924805
I. Haryanto, O. Kurdi, T. Prahasto, M. Yob, Ian Yulianti, Mush'Ab
The suspension system was created to reduce the shock received from the contours of the road surface and absorb the forces due to vehicle dynamics including when it is cornered. When the vehicle corners, there is a load transfer that causes the vehicle to lean towards the outside of the corner or commonly called body roll. The body roll that occurs affects the ride and performance of the vehicle. In this study, an analysis of the effect of the spring rate of suspension spring on sports car body roll will be carried out using the Multi-Body Dynamics (MBD) method to produce output in the form of roll angle, roll rate, and roll center. The types of MBD analysis used are Static Roll Analysis and Step Steer Analysis in Altair MotionView software. The reference vehicle used is a Toyota 86 sports car with variations in the spring rate of suspension springs of 59, 70, and 78 N/mm. From the tests carried out, the results were obtained that the greater the spring rate value of a suspension spring, the less body roll behavior will occur so that the vehicle is more stable when cornering.
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