Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593121
N. Gligoric, S. Krco, D. Drajić
The paper presents industry 4.0 scenario for predictive maintenance based on 3-axis accelerometer sensors and AI platform for monitoring of the machines. The prototype of the service is developed for a company to monitor their machinery for manufacturing of enameled, stainless steel and non-stick cookware (using vibration sensors and data collected from processes). The goal was to provide proof of concept of the predictive maintenance in an industry environment. To achieve this, we have created a mean for evaluating longevity of the equipment using traveled distance as a measure. The travel distance represents a level of vibration that sensor detects while listening to a machine operations in a long term.
{"title":"Digital transformation in Industry 4.0 Using Vibration Sensors and Machine Learning","authors":"N. Gligoric, S. Krco, D. Drajić","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593121","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents industry 4.0 scenario for predictive maintenance based on 3-axis accelerometer sensors and AI platform for monitoring of the machines. The prototype of the service is developed for a company to monitor their machinery for manufacturing of enameled, stainless steel and non-stick cookware (using vibration sensors and data collected from processes). The goal was to provide proof of concept of the predictive maintenance in an industry environment. To achieve this, we have created a mean for evaluating longevity of the equipment using traveled distance as a measure. The travel distance represents a level of vibration that sensor detects while listening to a machine operations in a long term.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130367637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593232
Anna Guerra, Francesco Guidi, D. Dardari, P. Djurić
We consider a network of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for a search-and-rescue operations involving both detection of multiple targets and mapping of environment, where the learning time is limited. One possibility for accomplishing the goal while guaranteeing short learning time is to employ cooperation among UAVs. With this objective, we adopt a multi-agent Q-learning algorithm that allows the UAVs to learn a suitable navigation policy in real-time in order to complete a mission within a fixed time frame. The obtained results demonstrate that proper combination of the information gathered by the UAVs allows for an accelerated learning process.
{"title":"Multi-Agent Q-Learning in UAV Networks for Target Detection and Indoor Mapping","authors":"Anna Guerra, Francesco Guidi, D. Dardari, P. Djurić","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593232","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a network of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for a search-and-rescue operations involving both detection of multiple targets and mapping of environment, where the learning time is limited. One possibility for accomplishing the goal while guaranteeing short learning time is to employ cooperation among UAVs. With this objective, we adopt a multi-agent Q-learning algorithm that allows the UAVs to learn a suitable navigation policy in real-time in order to complete a mission within a fixed time frame. The obtained results demonstrate that proper combination of the information gathered by the UAVs allows for an accelerated learning process.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128106754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593224
Dandan Li, Jiangfeng Li, Xinhua Zeng, V. Stanković, L. Stanković, Qingjiang Shi
The rapidly expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) has ignited renewed interest in energy disaggregation via non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM). Compared to the more frequent NILM approach of training one model for each appliance, this paper proposes a multi-label learning approach based on the widely cited sequence2point convolutional neural network (CNN). Using the smart meter readings collected in an office building, we demonstrate the accuracy and practicality of the proposed network compared to start-of-the-art one-to-one NILM models.
{"title":"Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring for Multi-objects in Smart Building","authors":"Dandan Li, Jiangfeng Li, Xinhua Zeng, V. Stanković, L. Stanković, Qingjiang Shi","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593224","url":null,"abstract":"The rapidly expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) has ignited renewed interest in energy disaggregation via non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM). Compared to the more frequent NILM approach of training one model for each appliance, this paper proposes a multi-label learning approach based on the widely cited sequence2point convolutional neural network (CNN). Using the smart meter readings collected in an office building, we demonstrate the accuracy and practicality of the proposed network compared to start-of-the-art one-to-one NILM models.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126087878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593257
G. Ropokis
We focus on the problem of optimal power allocation for a two user interference channel characterized by mixed Channel State Information (CSI), which includes instantaneous information for the direct channels and statistical information for the interference channels. For this model, we introduce a general framework for optimizing the power allocation such as to maximize some generic Quality of Service (QoS) performance metric (or equivalently minimize some cost function). We model this problem as a function approximation problem where the function to be learned is the mapping between CSI and the solution to the optimization problem. We then tackle this problem borrowing ideas from ensemble learning. In particular, using generalized linear models (which are characterized by low complexity and can be implemented even at network nodes characterized by strong computational limitations), we produce different weak learners for learning to solve the considered optimization problem and based on ensemble learning theory, we combine such learners to produce stronger learners. We assess the performance of our framework by applying it on a particular resource allocation problem, and the obtained performance results indicate that the proposed approach can deliver near-optimal performance.
{"title":"An ensemble learning framework for distributed resource allocation in inteference channels: The two user case","authors":"G. Ropokis","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593257","url":null,"abstract":"We focus on the problem of optimal power allocation for a two user interference channel characterized by mixed Channel State Information (CSI), which includes instantaneous information for the direct channels and statistical information for the interference channels. For this model, we introduce a general framework for optimizing the power allocation such as to maximize some generic Quality of Service (QoS) performance metric (or equivalently minimize some cost function). We model this problem as a function approximation problem where the function to be learned is the mapping between CSI and the solution to the optimization problem. We then tackle this problem borrowing ideas from ensemble learning. In particular, using generalized linear models (which are characterized by low complexity and can be implemented even at network nodes characterized by strong computational limitations), we produce different weak learners for learning to solve the considered optimization problem and based on ensemble learning theory, we combine such learners to produce stronger learners. We assess the performance of our framework by applying it on a particular resource allocation problem, and the obtained performance results indicate that the proposed approach can deliver near-optimal performance.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115137250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593147
D. Fedorov, Yrys Tabarak, Aresh Dadlani, Muthukrishnan Senthil Kumar, V. Kizheppatt
Insights on the salient features of malicious software spreading over large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in low-power Internet of Things (IoT) are not only essential to project, but also mitigate the persistent rise in cyber threats. While the analytical findings on single malware spreading dynamics are well-established, the interplay among multiple malware strains with heterogeneous infection rates in power-limited WSNs yet remain unexplored. Inspired by compartmental modeling in epidemiology, we present the mean-field approximation for a novel stochastic epidemic model of two mutually exclusive malware strains spreading over WSNs with sleep/awake modes of energy consumption. Referred as the susceptible-infected by strain 1 or by strain 2-susceptible with duty cycles (SI1I2SD), we then derive the basic reproduction number to characterize the sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of the infection-free and endemic equilibrium states. Simulation results show the predictive capability of the proposed model for energy-efficient WSNs evolving as random geometric graphs against uniformly connected networks.
{"title":"Dynamics of Multi-Strain Malware Epidemics over Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"D. Fedorov, Yrys Tabarak, Aresh Dadlani, Muthukrishnan Senthil Kumar, V. Kizheppatt","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593147","url":null,"abstract":"Insights on the salient features of malicious software spreading over large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in low-power Internet of Things (IoT) are not only essential to project, but also mitigate the persistent rise in cyber threats. While the analytical findings on single malware spreading dynamics are well-established, the interplay among multiple malware strains with heterogeneous infection rates in power-limited WSNs yet remain unexplored. Inspired by compartmental modeling in epidemiology, we present the mean-field approximation for a novel stochastic epidemic model of two mutually exclusive malware strains spreading over WSNs with sleep/awake modes of energy consumption. Referred as the susceptible-infected by strain 1 or by strain 2-susceptible with duty cycles (SI1I2SD), we then derive the basic reproduction number to characterize the sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of the infection-free and endemic equilibrium states. Simulation results show the predictive capability of the proposed model for energy-efficient WSNs evolving as random geometric graphs against uniformly connected networks.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122923126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593261
Athanasios Tsipis, Vasileios Komianos
Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has emerged as a popular paradigm for the support of distributed interactive applications (DIAs), promising continuous service provision and availability to mobile users, that is otherwise not easily attainable under the centralized cloud-only model. Yet, in order to alleviate the app provider from unnecessary capital expenditure, a judicious location of the edge servers must be adopted, that can effectively cope with both the network demands and the deployment cost, and still abide by the budget constraints of the app provider. In this paper, we formally formulate the problem as a budget-constrained facility location problem. We then propose a distributed and scalable algorithm, that employs elastic server relocation, to address it. Trace-driven simulations under various MEC deployment scenarios verify the expected behavior and testify to the algorithm’s accountability in obeying the budget limits and converging to a placement solution close to the optimal in finite time slots, rendering it suitable for DIAs ecosystems.
{"title":"Scalable Server Location for Distributed Interactive Applications Under Budget Constraints","authors":"Athanasios Tsipis, Vasileios Komianos","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593261","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has emerged as a popular paradigm for the support of distributed interactive applications (DIAs), promising continuous service provision and availability to mobile users, that is otherwise not easily attainable under the centralized cloud-only model. Yet, in order to alleviate the app provider from unnecessary capital expenditure, a judicious location of the edge servers must be adopted, that can effectively cope with both the network demands and the deployment cost, and still abide by the budget constraints of the app provider. In this paper, we formally formulate the problem as a budget-constrained facility location problem. We then propose a distributed and scalable algorithm, that employs elastic server relocation, to address it. Trace-driven simulations under various MEC deployment scenarios verify the expected behavior and testify to the algorithm’s accountability in obeying the budget limits and converging to a placement solution close to the optimal in finite time slots, rendering it suitable for DIAs ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124783267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593267
Jovan Karamachoski, L. Gavrilovska
Different implementations of the Blockchain technologies are getting momentum. Besides the initial financial ones, the most popular are those in healthcare, logistics, smart energy and right management. Most of the proposed applications are built on top of Ethereum and Hyperledger platform. The attractiveness for implementation of Blockchain technologies in healthcare is the main reason for conducting in-depth analysis and determining the feasibility of the healthcare system with different Blockchain solutions. This paper presents the performance analysis of the Tendermint network on an emulated environment, with traffic characteristics similar to those that are circulating in the healthcare system. The patient coverage analysis provides better understanding of scalability and limitations of the Tendermint protocol and its capabilities for implementation in a healthcare system.
{"title":"Tendermint Performance with Large Transactions: The Healthcare System Scenario","authors":"Jovan Karamachoski, L. Gavrilovska","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593267","url":null,"abstract":"Different implementations of the Blockchain technologies are getting momentum. Besides the initial financial ones, the most popular are those in healthcare, logistics, smart energy and right management. Most of the proposed applications are built on top of Ethereum and Hyperledger platform. The attractiveness for implementation of Blockchain technologies in healthcare is the main reason for conducting in-depth analysis and determining the feasibility of the healthcare system with different Blockchain solutions. This paper presents the performance analysis of the Tendermint network on an emulated environment, with traffic characteristics similar to those that are circulating in the healthcare system. The patient coverage analysis provides better understanding of scalability and limitations of the Tendermint protocol and its capabilities for implementation in a healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121230865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593124
M. Trigka, C. Mavrokefalidis, K. Berberidis
In the physical propagation environment, the channel matrices of neighboring users exhibit a joint sparsity structure due to the shared scatterers at the Base Station (BS) side. Based on this observation, we consider a multi-user Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system where the sparse channel estimation problem is tackled via an efficient fully distributed approach based on compressive sensing (CS). The involved users cooperatively estimate the sparsity support sets of the involved channels before individually estimate the channel coefficients, assuming that global and common sparsity support subsets exist. The performance of the proposed algorithm, named Weighted Distributed Simultaneous Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (WDiSOMP), is compared to Distributed Simultaneous Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (DiSOMP), local Simultaneous Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (SOMP) and a centralized solution based on SOMP in terms of the channel estimation under a multi-tasking scenario.
{"title":"An efficient decentralized approach for mmWave MIMO Channel Estimation","authors":"M. Trigka, C. Mavrokefalidis, K. Berberidis","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593124","url":null,"abstract":"In the physical propagation environment, the channel matrices of neighboring users exhibit a joint sparsity structure due to the shared scatterers at the Base Station (BS) side. Based on this observation, we consider a multi-user Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system where the sparse channel estimation problem is tackled via an efficient fully distributed approach based on compressive sensing (CS). The involved users cooperatively estimate the sparsity support sets of the involved channels before individually estimate the channel coefficients, assuming that global and common sparsity support subsets exist. The performance of the proposed algorithm, named Weighted Distributed Simultaneous Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (WDiSOMP), is compared to Distributed Simultaneous Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (DiSOMP), local Simultaneous Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (SOMP) and a centralized solution based on SOMP in terms of the channel estimation under a multi-tasking scenario.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125483658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593231
Jennifer Simonjan, B. Unluturk, I. Akyildiz
Nanotechnology enables the development of a new generation of devices which are able to sense, process and communicate while being in the scale of tens to hundreds of cubic nanometers. Such small, imperceptible devices enhance not only current applications but enable entirely new paradigms especially for in-body environments. This paper introduces a localization concept for bionanosensors floating in the human bloodstream to detect anomalies in the body. To realize autonomous localization and resource-efficient communication, we propose to exploit inertial positioning and sub-terahertz backscattering. Our concept is a first step towards early disease detection as it aims at localizing body regions which show anomalies. Simulations are conducted to enable a systematical evaluation on the feasibility of the approach.
{"title":"In-body Bionanosensor Communication and Localization for Anomaly Detection","authors":"Jennifer Simonjan, B. Unluturk, I. Akyildiz","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593231","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology enables the development of a new generation of devices which are able to sense, process and communicate while being in the scale of tens to hundreds of cubic nanometers. Such small, imperceptible devices enhance not only current applications but enable entirely new paradigms especially for in-body environments. This paper introduces a localization concept for bionanosensors floating in the human bloodstream to detect anomalies in the body. To realize autonomous localization and resource-efficient communication, we propose to exploit inertial positioning and sub-terahertz backscattering. Our concept is a first step towards early disease detection as it aims at localizing body regions which show anomalies. Simulations are conducted to enable a systematical evaluation on the feasibility of the approach.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127939819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593195
Tamara Rašić, Joao Lucas Eberl Simon, N. Zoric, M. Simić
In this paper we present results of the simulation analysis of the impact of transmission parameters and distance between LoRa node and gateway on communication performance (packet loss rate and energy consumed by nodes). FLoRa simulation framework based on Omnet++ was used to vary spreading factor, bandwidth, coding rate and transmission power. For given distance of 100 m, Lora gateway successfully received the packets in 80 configurations. In particular case, when the distance between node and gateway was doubled, just 8 configurations were able to deliver the packets. Finally, we used 5 values of path loss variance in range from 0 to 7.08 dB with a distance of 400 m, and the success rate of data transmission from node to the gateway decreased to 48.83%.
{"title":"The Impact of LoRa Transmission Parameters on Packet Delivery and Dissipation Power","authors":"Tamara Rašić, Joao Lucas Eberl Simon, N. Zoric, M. Simić","doi":"10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BalkanCom53780.2021.9593195","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present results of the simulation analysis of the impact of transmission parameters and distance between LoRa node and gateway on communication performance (packet loss rate and energy consumed by nodes). FLoRa simulation framework based on Omnet++ was used to vary spreading factor, bandwidth, coding rate and transmission power. For given distance of 100 m, Lora gateway successfully received the packets in 80 configurations. In particular case, when the distance between node and gateway was doubled, just 8 configurations were able to deliver the packets. Finally, we used 5 values of path loss variance in range from 0 to 7.08 dB with a distance of 400 m, and the success rate of data transmission from node to the gateway decreased to 48.83%.","PeriodicalId":115090,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking (BalkanCom)","volume":"618-619 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116760408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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