Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.191198.1329
A. Zen El-Dein, Yaser A. A. Hefny, E. Rashwan
A two-year field experiment was conducted in Etay El-Baroud Experimental Research Station, El-Beheira Governorate, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt, during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons to investigate the effects of preceded winter crops with organic (FYM) and mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizers on yield and its components, as well as seed quality of sunflower. This study included twelve combinations between three preceded winter crops (flax, wheat, and onion) and four fertilizer treatments (T1: (50% N + 50% farmyard manure, T2: 75% N + 25% farmyard manure, T3: 100% N and T4: 100% farmyard manure). A split-plot design with three replication was used. Three preceded winter crops were randomly assigned to the main plots, and four fertilizer treatments were allotted in sub plots. The preceding crops had a significant effect on most yield and yield components, the highest values (3.007 and 3.275 ton/ha) were obtained when sunflower grown after onion in the first and second seasons. Fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on number of seeds/head, 100-seed weight and seed yield/ha. The highest values (2.787 and 2.962 ton/ha) of seed yield of sunflower were obtained when the T1 treatment was applied at the first and second seasons. Growing sunflower after onion decreased percentage of two saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid and stearic acid), while increased the percentage of the 2 essential unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid and linoleic acid ), protein content and oil content, compared with sunflower grown after flax or wheat. The highest values of oleic acid (49.95 and 50.28%) and linoleic acid (35.81 and 37.86%) were observed by applying of T4 in both seasons. The highest palmitic acid values of (8.61 and 8.77%) and stearic acid (8.14 and 7.77%) were observed by fertilizing of T3 in both seasons, respectively. The fertilizer treatments of sunflower (T1 and T4) increased the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids/ saturated fatty acids%, while T3 decreased this percentage. Application of sunflower by 50% N + 50% FYM after onion uprooting can be recommended for increasing productivity and seed quality of sunflower.
在2018/2019和2019/2020两季，在埃及El-Beheira省农业研究中心(ARC) Etay El-Baroud实验研究站开展了一项为期两年的田间试验，研究了冬季作物前施用有机氮和无机氮对向日葵产量及其组成部分以及种子质量的影响。本试验采用3种冬前作物(亚麻、小麦和洋葱)和4种施肥处理(T1: 50% N + 50%农家肥、T2: 75% N + 25%农家肥、T3: 100% N和T4: 100%农家肥)的12种组合。采用三次重复的裂图设计。3个提前越冬作物随机分配到主小区，4个施肥处理分配到次小区。前茬作物对大部分产量和产量成分均有显著影响，第一季和第二季在洋葱之后种植的向日葵产量最高，分别为3.007和3.275吨/公顷。施肥处理对籽粒/穗数、百粒重和籽粒产量均有显著影响。第一、二季分别施用T1处理，向日葵种子产量最高，分别为2.787和2.962吨/公顷。与亚麻或小麦后栽培向日葵相比，洋葱后栽培向日葵降低了2种饱和脂肪酸(棕榈酸和硬脂酸)百分比，提高了2种必需不饱和脂肪酸(油酸和亚油酸)百分比、蛋白质含量和含油量。两季施用T4处理的油酸和亚油酸含量最高，分别为49.95和50.28%，分别为35.81和37.86%。两季施用T3的棕榈酸值最高，分别为8.61和8.77%，硬脂酸值最高，分别为8.14和7.77%。施肥处理(T1和T4)提高了向日葵不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸百分比，T3降低了该百分比。拔根后施50% N + 50% FYM可提高向日葵产量和种子品质。
{"title":"Effect of the preceding crop and organic or mineral fertilization on yield and oil components of sunflower","authors":"A. Zen El-Dein, Yaser A. A. Hefny, E. Rashwan","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.191198.1329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.191198.1329","url":null,"abstract":"A two-year field experiment was conducted in Etay El-Baroud Experimental Research Station, El-Beheira Governorate, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt, during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons to investigate the effects of preceded winter crops with organic (FYM) and mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizers on yield and its components, as well as seed quality of sunflower. This study included twelve combinations between three preceded winter crops (flax, wheat, and onion) and four fertilizer treatments (T1: (50% N + 50% farmyard manure, T2: 75% N + 25% farmyard manure, T3: 100% N and T4: 100% farmyard manure). A split-plot design with three replication was used. Three preceded winter crops were randomly assigned to the main plots, and four fertilizer treatments were allotted in sub plots. The preceding crops had a significant effect on most yield and yield components, the highest values (3.007 and 3.275 ton/ha) were obtained when sunflower grown after onion in the first and second seasons. Fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on number of seeds/head, 100-seed weight and seed yield/ha. The highest values (2.787 and 2.962 ton/ha) of seed yield of sunflower were obtained when the T1 treatment was applied at the first and second seasons. Growing sunflower after onion decreased percentage of two saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid and stearic acid), while increased the percentage of the 2 essential unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid and linoleic acid ), protein content and oil content, compared with sunflower grown after flax or wheat. The highest values of oleic acid (49.95 and 50.28%) and linoleic acid (35.81 and 37.86%) were observed by applying of T4 in both seasons. The highest palmitic acid values of (8.61 and 8.77%) and stearic acid (8.14 and 7.77%) were observed by fertilizing of T3 in both seasons, respectively. The fertilizer treatments of sunflower (T1 and T4) increased the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids/ saturated fatty acids%, while T3 decreased this percentage. Application of sunflower by 50% N + 50% FYM after onion uprooting can be recommended for increasing productivity and seed quality of sunflower.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"2001 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78272300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.196662.1376
Ammar Elakhdar, Heba G. Ali, Ahmed A. El-Naggar, K. Gad
Drought tolerance is a main trait for growing and stabilizing barley productivity in dry areas globally. The current study was conducted to evaluate the morphological and yield-related traits of the barley cultivar “Giza134” in response to drought stress. To determine the impact of drought and stress, the experiment was conducted in the growth chamber and in rainfed conditions. In the growth chamber, seedlings were irrigated, watered (normally), and subjected to 30% PEG-600 (polyethylene glycol 600) as a drought stress condition. Furthermore, barley plants were evaluated during two consecutive seasons, 2021 and 2022, at Nubaria (normal condition), in addition to two different rainfed locations on the northwest coast of Egypt, West Barrani and East Matrouh. Most morphological and yield component traits declined significantly, including plant height (cm), spike length (cm), number of grains per spike, biological yield (BY; ton/fed-1), and grain yield (GY; Ardab Fed-1). Grain yield losses were over 85% in West Barrani and East Matrouh, respectively, compared with Nubaria. To understand the mechanisms of drought tolerance at the molecular level, the gene expression of drought-responsive genes, including HvAPX1 encodes peroxidase, HvFNR encodes ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase, HvDHN1 encodes dehydrin, HvSAM encodes S-adenosyl-L-methionine methyltransferases, HvEDE encodes ER degradation enhancer, and HVABH encodes alpha/beta-hydrolases, were measured in leaf tissues of “Giza 134." The relativ e expression levels of HvAPX1 , HvFNR, and HvDHN1 were significantly (p 0.01) upregulated, with over 8-fold for HvDHN1 . while HvSAM, HvEDE and HVABH genes are downregulated in response to drought stress. These findings might provide new insights into the mechanisms of drought tolerance in barley and facilitate future breeding programs for resilient barley crops in a changing global climate.
{"title":"Effects of drought stress on gene expression and morphological traits of the barley cultivar Giza 134","authors":"Ammar Elakhdar, Heba G. Ali, Ahmed A. El-Naggar, K. Gad","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.196662.1376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.196662.1376","url":null,"abstract":"Drought tolerance is a main trait for growing and stabilizing barley productivity in dry areas globally. The current study was conducted to evaluate the morphological and yield-related traits of the barley cultivar “Giza134” in response to drought stress. To determine the impact of drought and stress, the experiment was conducted in the growth chamber and in rainfed conditions. In the growth chamber, seedlings were irrigated, watered (normally), and subjected to 30% PEG-600 (polyethylene glycol 600) as a drought stress condition. Furthermore, barley plants were evaluated during two consecutive seasons, 2021 and 2022, at Nubaria (normal condition), in addition to two different rainfed locations on the northwest coast of Egypt, West Barrani and East Matrouh. Most morphological and yield component traits declined significantly, including plant height (cm), spike length (cm), number of grains per spike, biological yield (BY; ton/fed-1), and grain yield (GY; Ardab Fed-1). Grain yield losses were over 85% in West Barrani and East Matrouh, respectively, compared with Nubaria. To understand the mechanisms of drought tolerance at the molecular level, the gene expression of drought-responsive genes, including HvAPX1 encodes peroxidase, HvFNR encodes ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase, HvDHN1 encodes dehydrin, HvSAM encodes S-adenosyl-L-methionine methyltransferases, HvEDE encodes ER degradation enhancer, and HVABH encodes alpha/beta-hydrolases, were measured in leaf tissues of “Giza 134.\" The relativ e expression levels of HvAPX1 , HvFNR, and HvDHN1 were significantly (p 0.01) upregulated, with over 8-fold for HvDHN1 . while HvSAM, HvEDE and HVABH genes are downregulated in response to drought stress. These findings might provide new insights into the mechanisms of drought tolerance in barley and facilitate future breeding programs for resilient barley crops in a changing global climate.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78872187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.192491.1343
H. Hamad, W. H. Elgamal
Field investigations were carried out at the Experimental Farm, Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Institute, and ARC during the growing seasons 2021 and 2022 to study the effect of cytokinin and molybdenum on hybrid seed production. The experiments comprised four treatments, viz., T1 (control), T2 (cytokinin) with a 20 ppm concentration, T3 (molybdenum) with a 35 ppm concentration, and T4 (a 1:1 mixture of cytokinin 10 ppm and molybdenum 17.5 ppm) as a pre-flowering treatment for male parent Giza 178 R and female parent for five Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) lines (IR69625, IR70368, IR58025, K17, and G46) on hybrid rice seed production. The treatments were conducted. The CMS lines were arranged in the main plots, while treatment applications were distributed in subplots and three replications. The exogenous application of treatments such as cytokinin and molybdenum could improve the crossing rates of the male parent by affecting floral traits and, accordingly, increase hybrid rice seed production. The most significant effects of treatment on anther length, anther width, pollen fertility, number fertility, stigma width, stigma length, days to heading, number of fertile tiller hills-1, plant height, panicle length, seed set, and grain yield of male parent Giza 178R were (T4), a combination between cytokinin and molybdenum. Duration of floret opining, total stigma length, stigma length, angle of floret opining, stigma width, stigma burch, days to heading, plant height, number of fertile panicles hill-1, flag leaf angle, panicle exertion, panicle length, panicle mass, seed set, seed yield, and harvest index of CMS lines were significantly affected by treatments. Moreover, the evaluated CMS lines exhibited significant differences in all measured floral traits. Line 2, Line 3, and Line 1 displayed the uppermost spikelet opening angle, duration of spikelet opening, total stigma length, style length, stigma brush, and stigma width. In addition, these CMS lines exhibited the highest plant growth and yield traits, particularly under T4. Consequently, exogenous application of T4 in combination with cytokinin and molybdenum could be exploited to improve the floral, growth, and yield traits of promising CMS lines such as Line 1, Line 3, and Line 4, thereby increasing outcrossing rates and hybrid rice seed production.
{"title":"Improvement of parental lines' performance by spraying cytokinin and molybdenum on hybrid rice seed production","authors":"H. Hamad, W. H. Elgamal","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.192491.1343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.192491.1343","url":null,"abstract":"Field investigations were carried out at the Experimental Farm, Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Institute, and ARC during the growing seasons 2021 and 2022 to study the effect of cytokinin and molybdenum on hybrid seed production. The experiments comprised four treatments, viz., T1 (control), T2 (cytokinin) with a 20 ppm concentration, T3 (molybdenum) with a 35 ppm concentration, and T4 (a 1:1 mixture of cytokinin 10 ppm and molybdenum 17.5 ppm) as a pre-flowering treatment for male parent Giza 178 R and female parent for five Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) lines (IR69625, IR70368, IR58025, K17, and G46) on hybrid rice seed production. The treatments were conducted. The CMS lines were arranged in the main plots, while treatment applications were distributed in subplots and three replications. The exogenous application of treatments such as cytokinin and molybdenum could improve the crossing rates of the male parent by affecting floral traits and, accordingly, increase hybrid rice seed production. The most significant effects of treatment on anther length, anther width, pollen fertility, number fertility, stigma width, stigma length, days to heading, number of fertile tiller hills-1, plant height, panicle length, seed set, and grain yield of male parent Giza 178R were (T4), a combination between cytokinin and molybdenum. Duration of floret opining, total stigma length, stigma length, angle of floret opining, stigma width, stigma burch, days to heading, plant height, number of fertile panicles hill-1, flag leaf angle, panicle exertion, panicle length, panicle mass, seed set, seed yield, and harvest index of CMS lines were significantly affected by treatments. Moreover, the evaluated CMS lines exhibited significant differences in all measured floral traits. Line 2, Line 3, and Line 1 displayed the uppermost spikelet opening angle, duration of spikelet opening, total stigma length, style length, stigma brush, and stigma width. In addition, these CMS lines exhibited the highest plant growth and yield traits, particularly under T4. Consequently, exogenous application of T4 in combination with cytokinin and molybdenum could be exploited to improve the floral, growth, and yield traits of promising CMS lines such as Line 1, Line 3, and Line 4, thereby increasing outcrossing rates and hybrid rice seed production.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87222798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.194128.1358
Roshdy Y. El-Agoury, A. Hefeina, Shaimaa M. Sakr, W. Ghidan
Salinity is a major abiotic constraint faced by farmers in many rice-growing regions of the world and improving grain yield in rice is the most important breeding objective. Thirty-five crosses were generated in a line x tester mating design by crossing seven lines with five testers and were evaluated in a randomized complete block design at the greenhouse lysimeter of Rice Research Department, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during the two rice-growing seasons of May, 2021 and 2022. Analysis of variance revealed a highly significant difference among testers and lines for all the studied traits. Variances of specific combining ability were higher in magnitude than the corresponding general combining ability. The lines Sakha 107, Sakha 104, and Giza 182 including testers SAL 010, and CSR 28 were the best general combiners for grain yield plant -1 under saline conditions. The variety Giza 179 followed by Sakha 107 was the best general combiner for 100-grain weight under both normal and saline conditions. Two crosses Giza 179/MTU 1010 and Sakha 107/SAL 010 exhibited highly significant positive estimates of specific combining effects for grain yield plant -1 , respectively. Estimates of narrow sense heritability for all the traits under study were low which indicated a preponderance of non-additive gene action governing these traits. By selecting the appropriate genotypes and phenotypes, the outcomes will be beneficial in breeding salt-tolerant cultivars at both the seedling and reproductive stages.
{"title":"Combining ability and some genetic parameters for yield and its related traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under lysimeter condition","authors":"Roshdy Y. El-Agoury, A. Hefeina, Shaimaa M. Sakr, W. Ghidan","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.194128.1358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.194128.1358","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity is a major abiotic constraint faced by farmers in many rice-growing regions of the world and improving grain yield in rice is the most important breeding objective. Thirty-five crosses were generated in a line x tester mating design by crossing seven lines with five testers and were evaluated in a randomized complete block design at the greenhouse lysimeter of Rice Research Department, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during the two rice-growing seasons of May, 2021 and 2022. Analysis of variance revealed a highly significant difference among testers and lines for all the studied traits. Variances of specific combining ability were higher in magnitude than the corresponding general combining ability. The lines Sakha 107, Sakha 104, and Giza 182 including testers SAL 010, and CSR 28 were the best general combiners for grain yield plant -1 under saline conditions. The variety Giza 179 followed by Sakha 107 was the best general combiner for 100-grain weight under both normal and saline conditions. Two crosses Giza 179/MTU 1010 and Sakha 107/SAL 010 exhibited highly significant positive estimates of specific combining effects for grain yield plant -1 , respectively. Estimates of narrow sense heritability for all the traits under study were low which indicated a preponderance of non-additive gene action governing these traits. By selecting the appropriate genotypes and phenotypes, the outcomes will be beneficial in breeding salt-tolerant cultivars at both the seedling and reproductive stages.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80793542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.220363.1414
K. Abd-Elsalam, S. Abdel-Momen
As a help to researchers for organizing their thoughts and providing data-driven outcomes, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to develop scientific writing. AI-powered technologies have been created by businesses like Semantic Scholar and Paper Digest to scan scientific texts and extract pertinent data. By expediting the publishing process and enabling academics to concentrate more on their own work, AI-based writing tools like GPT-3 can produce high-quality papers that closely resemble those of well-known authors. These tools can help with idea organization, creating rough drafts, and enhancing the general caliber of scientific work. For instance, ChatGPT is a useful tool in research and publishing since it may help scientists with material arrangement, draft generation, and proofreading. The drawbacks of AI must be understood, as well as the difficulties posed by prejudice, ethical issues, and the requirement for human innovation. We can improve the scientific writing process and increase scientific research by utilizing AI's potential while adding human knowledge. But there is still room for development, and it is essential to guarantee openness, morality, and reliability in AI-driven technology for academic study.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence's Development and Challenges in Scientific Writing","authors":"K. Abd-Elsalam, S. Abdel-Momen","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.220363.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.220363.1414","url":null,"abstract":"As a help to researchers for organizing their thoughts and providing data-driven outcomes, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to develop scientific writing. AI-powered technologies have been created by businesses like Semantic Scholar and Paper Digest to scan scientific texts and extract pertinent data. By expediting the publishing process and enabling academics to concentrate more on their own work, AI-based writing tools like GPT-3 can produce high-quality papers that closely resemble those of well-known authors. These tools can help with idea organization, creating rough drafts, and enhancing the general caliber of scientific work. For instance, ChatGPT is a useful tool in research and publishing since it may help scientists with material arrangement, draft generation, and proofreading. The drawbacks of AI must be understood, as well as the difficulties posed by prejudice, ethical issues, and the requirement for human innovation. We can improve the scientific writing process and increase scientific research by utilizing AI's potential while adding human knowledge. But there is still room for development, and it is essential to guarantee openness, morality, and reliability in AI-driven technology for academic study.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75289715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.191357.1331
Mousa S. Salous, Ibrahim S. M. Abdel-Latif, Mohamed N.T. AbdEL- kader
Improving wheat's tolerance to environmental stress is of utmost importance in the current era due to climatic changes. This study was carried out to determine the relative merits of pedigree selection for grain yield per plant on old and new land. To quantify the response of selection, two cycles of pedigree selection for grain yield per plant were applied to a segregating population of bread wheat crosses (Misr 3 Line #1) in F3 and F4 generations under new land stress conditions. The F5-selected families were evaluated in both old and new land habitats after the second cycle. Under both circumstances, the genotypic variance was much less than the phenotypic variance, and it generally decreased from the F3-generation to the F5-generation. Furthermore, compared to the old land environment, broad-sense heritability estimates for grain yield plant-1 were lower in the new land environment. After Cycle 1 and Cycle 2, the realized heritability in old land was 52.03 and 84.52 percent, respectively, compared to 34.08 and 62.80 percent in new land. In both cases, the instant reaction to selection that was found on ancient soil was examined, and the results showed a significant increase in grain production from both the bulk and the best parent of 5.40 and 5.02 percent and 17.28 and 7.03 percent, respectively. Selected families for grain yield under new land that were studied under both conditions revealed negligible increases of 12.29 and 2.80 percent from the bulk and considerable increases of 28.24 and 22.34 percent from the better parent, under new and old land, respectively. The results indicate these genotypes could be used as sources of tolerance or factors contributing to general adaptation. Furthermore, selection for grain yield/plant under new land stress was superior to selection under old land stress, regardless of whether selection entries were evaluated under stress or non-stress.
{"title":"Selection of yield and its components in bread wheat under old and new land conditions in Upper Egypt","authors":"Mousa S. Salous, Ibrahim S. M. Abdel-Latif, Mohamed N.T. AbdEL- kader","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.191357.1331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.191357.1331","url":null,"abstract":"Improving wheat's tolerance to environmental stress is of utmost importance in the current era due to climatic changes. This study was carried out to determine the relative merits of pedigree selection for grain yield per plant on old and new land. To quantify the response of selection, two cycles of pedigree selection for grain yield per plant were applied to a segregating population of bread wheat crosses (Misr 3 Line #1) in F3 and F4 generations under new land stress conditions. The F5-selected families were evaluated in both old and new land habitats after the second cycle. Under both circumstances, the genotypic variance was much less than the phenotypic variance, and it generally decreased from the F3-generation to the F5-generation. Furthermore, compared to the old land environment, broad-sense heritability estimates for grain yield plant-1 were lower in the new land environment. After Cycle 1 and Cycle 2, the realized heritability in old land was 52.03 and 84.52 percent, respectively, compared to 34.08 and 62.80 percent in new land. In both cases, the instant reaction to selection that was found on ancient soil was examined, and the results showed a significant increase in grain production from both the bulk and the best parent of 5.40 and 5.02 percent and 17.28 and 7.03 percent, respectively. Selected families for grain yield under new land that were studied under both conditions revealed negligible increases of 12.29 and 2.80 percent from the bulk and considerable increases of 28.24 and 22.34 percent from the better parent, under new and old land, respectively. The results indicate these genotypes could be used as sources of tolerance or factors contributing to general adaptation. Furthermore, selection for grain yield/plant under new land stress was superior to selection under old land stress, regardless of whether selection entries were evaluated under stress or non-stress.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134918022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.194347.1366
Ashgan M. Abdel-Azeem, Ahmed A. El-Naggar, Alia Amer, Sahar A. Ebrahim, Ahmed M. Sheha
Nowadays, one of the major challenges is ensuring food security. Hence, intercropping is an ecological cropping system approach for increasing production with an increase in net returns per unit. In this regard, two field experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) during the 2019 – 2020 and 2020 – 2021 seasons at the EL-Gemmeza Agricultural Research Station, Gharbia Governorate Barley Department, Field Crops Research Institute, and Agricultural Research Center, Egypt. The study aimed to evaluate the agro-economics of two intercropping systems (barley-fenugreek and barley-black cumin). Treatments for the first system were sole barley, 9 rows of barley + 1 row of fenugreek (9B+1F), 8 rows of barley + 2 rows of fenugreek (8B+2F), 7 rows of barley + 3 rows of fenugreek (7B+3F), 6 rows of barley + 4 rows of fenugreek (6B+4F), and sole fenugreek. while the second were sole barley, 9 rows of barley + 1 row of black cumin (9B+1BC), 8 rows of barley + 2 rows of black cumin (8B+2BC), 7 rows of barley + 3 rows of black cumin (7B+3BC), 6 rows of barley + 4 rows of black cumin (6B+4BC), and sole black cumin. Results showed that barley-studied traits were significantly affected by intercropping fenugreek or black cumin. Although the highest grain yield of 2.30 tons (fed -1 ) was produced in sole barley, 8B+2F, 6B+4F, 7B+3BC, and 6B+4BC recorded the best trends. Competitive relationships on LER across two seasons tended to increase land usage. In addition, the highest values of total income of 26733 LE (the Egyptian pound) per fed translated into the highest net return of 15501 LE per fed were achieved through intercropping 7B+3BC in the 1st season, followed by 6B+4BC. Thus, the planting system could prove to be more productive and can be successfully performed to attain a higher yield benefit per unit area.
{"title":"Agro-economic assessment of intercropping of barley with fenugreek and black cumin","authors":"Ashgan M. Abdel-Azeem, Ahmed A. El-Naggar, Alia Amer, Sahar A. Ebrahim, Ahmed M. Sheha","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.194347.1366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.194347.1366","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, one of the major challenges is ensuring food security. Hence, intercropping is an ecological cropping system approach for increasing production with an increase in net returns per unit. In this regard, two field experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) during the 2019 – 2020 and 2020 – 2021 seasons at the EL-Gemmeza Agricultural Research Station, Gharbia Governorate Barley Department, Field Crops Research Institute, and Agricultural Research Center, Egypt. The study aimed to evaluate the agro-economics of two intercropping systems (barley-fenugreek and barley-black cumin). Treatments for the first system were sole barley, 9 rows of barley + 1 row of fenugreek (9B+1F), 8 rows of barley + 2 rows of fenugreek (8B+2F), 7 rows of barley + 3 rows of fenugreek (7B+3F), 6 rows of barley + 4 rows of fenugreek (6B+4F), and sole fenugreek. while the second were sole barley, 9 rows of barley + 1 row of black cumin (9B+1BC), 8 rows of barley + 2 rows of black cumin (8B+2BC), 7 rows of barley + 3 rows of black cumin (7B+3BC), 6 rows of barley + 4 rows of black cumin (6B+4BC), and sole black cumin. Results showed that barley-studied traits were significantly affected by intercropping fenugreek or black cumin. Although the highest grain yield of 2.30 tons (fed -1 ) was produced in sole barley, 8B+2F, 6B+4F, 7B+3BC, and 6B+4BC recorded the best trends. Competitive relationships on LER across two seasons tended to increase land usage. In addition, the highest values of total income of 26733 LE (the Egyptian pound) per fed translated into the highest net return of 15501 LE per fed were achieved through intercropping 7B+3BC in the 1st season, followed by 6B+4BC. Thus, the planting system could prove to be more productive and can be successfully performed to attain a higher yield benefit per unit area.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.191959.1335
Mohamed E.Z. Kenapar, Adel M.A. Ghalwash, Azza F. El-Sayed
A field trial was executed on faba bean productivity under naturally infested soils with annual weeds and broomrape ( Orobanche crenata Forsk.), at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt, (31° 07' N latitude, 30° 05' E longitude) during 2020/21 and 2021/22 winter seasons. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three faba bean cultivars (Giza 843, Misr 3 and Giza 716) and eight weed control treatments on growth, yield components of faba beans as well as its associated weeds. A split plot design was used with four replicates. The main finding revealed that the studied two factors were dependent. The highest significant reduction percentage on controlling weeds included broomrape was obtained by using either of cultivar Misr 3 or Giza 843 with, Stomp extra 1 L fed -1 mixed with Round up Star at 100 cm 3 fed -1 applied as post-sowing directly, followed by Round up Star at 75 cm 3 fed -1 (twice), at flowering stage and after 21 days, on controlling broomrape and on increasing faba bean yield and its components. The previous respective interactions gave the highest significant increasing values of faba bean yield and its components. Furthermore, these treatments gave the highest values of economic measures.
{"title":"Effect of weed control on performance of some faba bean cultivars in a broomrape naturally infested soil","authors":"Mohamed E.Z. Kenapar, Adel M.A. Ghalwash, Azza F. El-Sayed","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.191959.1335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.191959.1335","url":null,"abstract":"A field trial was executed on faba bean productivity under naturally infested soils with annual weeds and broomrape ( Orobanche crenata Forsk.), at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt, (31° 07' N latitude, 30° 05' E longitude) during 2020/21 and 2021/22 winter seasons. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three faba bean cultivars (Giza 843, Misr 3 and Giza 716) and eight weed control treatments on growth, yield components of faba beans as well as its associated weeds. A split plot design was used with four replicates. The main finding revealed that the studied two factors were dependent. The highest significant reduction percentage on controlling weeds included broomrape was obtained by using either of cultivar Misr 3 or Giza 843 with, Stomp extra 1 L fed -1 mixed with Round up Star at 100 cm 3 fed -1 applied as post-sowing directly, followed by Round up Star at 75 cm 3 fed -1 (twice), at flowering stage and after 21 days, on controlling broomrape and on increasing faba bean yield and its components. The previous respective interactions gave the highest significant increasing values of faba bean yield and its components. Furthermore, these treatments gave the highest values of economic measures.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.194301.1364
Hamed Barakat
{"title":"Field evaluation of fifteen faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes for Orobanche crenata tolerance and foliar diseases resistance","authors":"Hamed Barakat","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.194301.1364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.194301.1364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86676628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.212715.1407
Rashmi Singrore, D. Bagchi, D. Singh, A. Samad, Shubha Mishra
{"title":"Comparative metabolomics and antioxidant activities of residual part of Broccoli and Cauliflower","authors":"Rashmi Singrore, D. Bagchi, D. Singh, A. Samad, Shubha Mishra","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.212715.1407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.212715.1407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75098879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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