Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.196433.1374
Abo-Yousef et al.
Saline and drought conditions are the biggest threats to plant species around the world. The rice crop is one of the most important crops worldwide. Therefore, the Giza 179 rice variety was released in the 2013 season as an early-maturing, high-yielding variety that is adapted and mitigated to drought and saline soils. This new variety was produced by crossbreeding between GZ6296-12-1-2-1-1 and GZ 1368-5-S-4 in the 2001 season. The first generation, "F1,” of this cross was evaluated in the 200 2 season and planted as the F2 generation in the 2003 season. Sequentially, the next generations from F3 to F6 were evaluated in the pedigree trails during the 2004 – 2007 seasons under code number GZ 9057. Two promising sister lines, GZ 9057-6-1-3-1 and GZ 9057-6-1-3-2, were selected and evaluated in a preliminary yield trail at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The results revealed that the promising line GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 (Giza 179) surpassed all selected lines. Accordingly, the line GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 was evaluated from 2009 to 2011 and used as a check variety up to the 2022 seasons in multi-location yield trails at Sakha, Gemmiza, and Zarzoura as normal conditions and El-Sirw as saline conditions in regional, final, and verification yield trails. The GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 (Giza 179) recorded 10.47 t/ha for grain yield with a total duration of 122-125 days under normal conditions and 7.000 – 7.200 t/ha under saline conditions at El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, while Giza 178 recorded 9.75 t/ha during the same seasons under normal conditions with a total duration of 135 days. Furthermore, the Giza 179 variety showed a high level of blast resistance in blast nursery and trap varieties in the field and artificial inoculation under greenhouse conditions. The results from PCR analysis for the Giza 179 with their parents showed that the proximity matrix was 89.8% between Giza 179 and GZ6296 and 71.1% between Giza 179 and GZ1368. Finally, it is an excellent new cultivar to be released and recommended for cultivation in the different rice-growing governorates, particularly in areas suffering from water shortages and saline soils in Egypt.
{"title":"Giza 179 Egyptian rice variety: as a new, early, high-yielding, tolerant to saline, and climate change challenge","authors":"Abo-Yousef et al.","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.196433.1374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.196433.1374","url":null,"abstract":"Saline and drought conditions are the biggest threats to plant species around the world. The rice crop is one of the most important crops worldwide. Therefore, the Giza 179 rice variety was released in the 2013 season as an early-maturing, high-yielding variety that is adapted and mitigated to drought and saline soils. This new variety was produced by crossbreeding between GZ6296-12-1-2-1-1 and GZ 1368-5-S-4 in the 2001 season. The first generation, \"F1,” of this cross was evaluated in the 200 2 season and planted as the F2 generation in the 2003 season. Sequentially, the next generations from F3 to F6 were evaluated in the pedigree trails during the 2004 – 2007 seasons under code number GZ 9057. Two promising sister lines, GZ 9057-6-1-3-1 and GZ 9057-6-1-3-2, were selected and evaluated in a preliminary yield trail at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The results revealed that the promising line GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 (Giza 179) surpassed all selected lines. Accordingly, the line GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 was evaluated from 2009 to 2011 and used as a check variety up to the 2022 seasons in multi-location yield trails at Sakha, Gemmiza, and Zarzoura as normal conditions and El-Sirw as saline conditions in regional, final, and verification yield trails. The GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 (Giza 179) recorded 10.47 t/ha for grain yield with a total duration of 122-125 days under normal conditions and 7.000 – 7.200 t/ha under saline conditions at El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, while Giza 178 recorded 9.75 t/ha during the same seasons under normal conditions with a total duration of 135 days. Furthermore, the Giza 179 variety showed a high level of blast resistance in blast nursery and trap varieties in the field and artificial inoculation under greenhouse conditions. The results from PCR analysis for the Giza 179 with their parents showed that the proximity matrix was 89.8% between Giza 179 and GZ6296 and 71.1% between Giza 179 and GZ1368. Finally, it is an excellent new cultivar to be released and recommended for cultivation in the different rice-growing governorates, particularly in areas suffering from water shortages and saline soils in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81208721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.191201.1330
M. Negm, E. Abo-Marzoka, Mohamed M. Abdelhameed, W. Ghidan
Rice is one of the most significant staple crops consumed by the majority of people, but salinity is one of the limiting factors affecting its productivity. The goal of this study was to find genotypes tolerant to salinity and improve the population in salinity breeding programs. Furthermore, the significance of biochemical and physiological traits to an adaptation of growth and yield for nine rice genotypes and their twenty F 1 crosses according to the line tester mating design was investigated during the 2021 and 2022 rice growing seasons at the El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station experimental farm, Damietta governorate, Egypt. These studies revealed the differential behavior of all genotypes. IRRI 147, Sakha 104 and IR 59673-93-2-3-3R were found to be good general combiners for the majority of the studied traits, maintaining a lower Na + /K + ratio, less reduction in plant pigments, higher concentrations of reduced ascorbate, and higher proline content. The hybrids of Giza 177/IRRI 147, Sakha 104/Sakha super 300, Sakha 106/IR 59673-93-2-3-3R, and Sakha 107/IR 59673-93-2-3-3R recorded significant positive SCA effects for some physiological traits and grain yield plant -1 . The highly significant and positive heterobeltiosis was observed for grain yield plant -1 by hybrid combinations; Sakha 104/Sakha super 300, Sakha 104/IRRI 147, and Giza 177/IRRI 147 recorded the highest values of heterobeltiosis, indicating the superiority of these crosses under salinity conditions and suggesting they may be widely used in rice programs by adopting a breeding approach.
{"title":"Inheritance of some biochemical, morpho-physiological and yield attributes trait of some rice genotypes under salinity condition","authors":"M. Negm, E. Abo-Marzoka, Mohamed M. Abdelhameed, W. Ghidan","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.191201.1330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.191201.1330","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is one of the most significant staple crops consumed by the majority of people, but salinity is one of the limiting factors affecting its productivity. The goal of this study was to find genotypes tolerant to salinity and improve the population in salinity breeding programs. Furthermore, the significance of biochemical and physiological traits to an adaptation of growth and yield for nine rice genotypes and their twenty F 1 crosses according to the line tester mating design was investigated during the 2021 and 2022 rice growing seasons at the El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station experimental farm, Damietta governorate, Egypt. These studies revealed the differential behavior of all genotypes. IRRI 147, Sakha 104 and IR 59673-93-2-3-3R were found to be good general combiners for the majority of the studied traits, maintaining a lower Na + /K + ratio, less reduction in plant pigments, higher concentrations of reduced ascorbate, and higher proline content. The hybrids of Giza 177/IRRI 147, Sakha 104/Sakha super 300, Sakha 106/IR 59673-93-2-3-3R, and Sakha 107/IR 59673-93-2-3-3R recorded significant positive SCA effects for some physiological traits and grain yield plant -1 . The highly significant and positive heterobeltiosis was observed for grain yield plant -1 by hybrid combinations; Sakha 104/Sakha super 300, Sakha 104/IRRI 147, and Giza 177/IRRI 147 recorded the highest values of heterobeltiosis, indicating the superiority of these crosses under salinity conditions and suggesting they may be widely used in rice programs by adopting a breeding approach.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81541524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.194831.1368
Hayam A. Elsawy, A. Mohamed, E. Mohamed, K. Gad
{"title":"The Potential of a mixture of Zeolite, Calcium, and Organic compounds on mitigating the salinity stress in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"Hayam A. Elsawy, A. Mohamed, E. Mohamed, K. Gad","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.194831.1368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.194831.1368","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75381047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.193901.1350
M. F. Ghazal, G. M. Salem
{"title":"Characterization and identification of some Cyanophyta isolated from sandy soil","authors":"M. F. Ghazal, G. M. Salem","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.193901.1350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.193901.1350","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72778372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.191360.1332
Nagwa E. Shalaby, S. Abdelkhalik, K. Gad, Basma E. Elsamahy
There are many factors responsible for the decline in average wheat yield. One of these determining factors is the sowing date, which greatly affects the grain yield and other quality characteristics. The main objective of this study was to investigate the performance of various wheat genotypes when sown at various dates, including how these sowing dates affected the yield and its components as well as seed quality. Therefore, during the 2018 – 2019 and 2019 – 2020 growing seasons, two field experiments were carried out at the Sakha Agricultural Research Station in Egypt using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. There were a total of 30 treatments, including three dates of sowing i.e. 5 th November, 5 th December and 5 th January and 10 wheat genotypes i.e. Misr1, Misr2,Misr3, Sakha94, Sakha95, Line1, Giza171, Gemmiza12, Sids14 and Shandaweel1.The results showed that the early sowing date on the 5 th of November gave the highest values for 1000 grain weight, seedling length, dry seedling weight, electrical conductivity, and hectoliter weight. In addition, the December 5 th sowing was placed first and produced the highest number of spikes/m 2 , grain yield and germination %. While, sowing of wheat on 5 th of January, gave the lowest values for all characteristics, except protein % and gluten wet and dry %. In addition, Misr3 cultivar outperformed the other examined genotypes and recorded the highest number of spikes/m 2 and grain yield/fed. The highest values for germination, seedling dry weight, protein content, hectoliter weight, and wet and dry gluten percent were also observed in Line1 genotype. A correlation study of all the assessed characteristics revealed that electrical conductivity test and number of spikes/m 2 were negatively correlated with all the examined quality parameters. It can be concluded that, sowing on 5 th of November is advised for wheat crop to obtain higher yield in five cultivars (Misr3, Sakha94, Gemmiza12, Sids14, and Shandaweel1), but sowing on 5 th of December is advised to maximize wheat productivity and obtain good quality of grains in the other five genotypes. Due to late seeding, Misr3 and Sakha 95, two of the 10 genotypes employed, produced more grain yield than the other genotypes but Line1 genotype was superior for most of grain quality parameters so, this study recommended use Misr 3 & Sakha 95 cultivars and the promissing wheat genotype (Line1) to develop bread wheat genotypes in breeding programs under the environmental conditions of Kafr Elsheikh governorate.
{"title":"Effect of sowing date on grain yield and quality of some Egyptian bread wheat genotypes","authors":"Nagwa E. Shalaby, S. Abdelkhalik, K. Gad, Basma E. Elsamahy","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.191360.1332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.191360.1332","url":null,"abstract":"There are many factors responsible for the decline in average wheat yield. One of these determining factors is the sowing date, which greatly affects the grain yield and other quality characteristics. The main objective of this study was to investigate the performance of various wheat genotypes when sown at various dates, including how these sowing dates affected the yield and its components as well as seed quality. Therefore, during the 2018 – 2019 and 2019 – 2020 growing seasons, two field experiments were carried out at the Sakha Agricultural Research Station in Egypt using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. There were a total of 30 treatments, including three dates of sowing i.e. 5 th November, 5 th December and 5 th January and 10 wheat genotypes i.e. Misr1, Misr2,Misr3, Sakha94, Sakha95, Line1, Giza171, Gemmiza12, Sids14 and Shandaweel1.The results showed that the early sowing date on the 5 th of November gave the highest values for 1000 grain weight, seedling length, dry seedling weight, electrical conductivity, and hectoliter weight. In addition, the December 5 th sowing was placed first and produced the highest number of spikes/m 2 , grain yield and germination %. While, sowing of wheat on 5 th of January, gave the lowest values for all characteristics, except protein % and gluten wet and dry %. In addition, Misr3 cultivar outperformed the other examined genotypes and recorded the highest number of spikes/m 2 and grain yield/fed. The highest values for germination, seedling dry weight, protein content, hectoliter weight, and wet and dry gluten percent were also observed in Line1 genotype. A correlation study of all the assessed characteristics revealed that electrical conductivity test and number of spikes/m 2 were negatively correlated with all the examined quality parameters. It can be concluded that, sowing on 5 th of November is advised for wheat crop to obtain higher yield in five cultivars (Misr3, Sakha94, Gemmiza12, Sids14, and Shandaweel1), but sowing on 5 th of December is advised to maximize wheat productivity and obtain good quality of grains in the other five genotypes. Due to late seeding, Misr3 and Sakha 95, two of the 10 genotypes employed, produced more grain yield than the other genotypes but Line1 genotype was superior for most of grain quality parameters so, this study recommended use Misr 3 & Sakha 95 cultivars and the promissing wheat genotype (Line1) to develop bread wheat genotypes in breeding programs under the environmental conditions of Kafr Elsheikh governorate.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80619985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.205452.1397
A. Abd El-Rady, Gamal M M Soliman
The present study was conducted during the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 wheat growing seasons at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Sohag governorate, Egypt. Three cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines, namely Vorobey A-line, Navojoa A-line and Neloki A-line of wheat having Triticum Timopheevi cytoplasmic male sterility source (three-lines system A, B and R) were crossed with twenty-five wheat genotypes as testers in line × tester fashion to identify maintainer and restorer lines for the CMS lines. Based on the evaluation of 75 hybrid combinations for pollen and spikelet fertility percent, results indicated that the identified wheat genotypes as effective maintainers were Shandaweel 1, Misr 3, Misr 4, Giza 168, Gemmeiza 11, Gemmeiza 12, Kutz, Line 1, Line 2, Line 3, Line 4 and Line 5 for all the three CMS lines, Sids 14, Giza 171, Sakha 1001, Nadi and Kenya Sunbird for Vorobey A-line and Navojoa A-line, Misr 1, Kachu #1, Francolin #1 and Baj #1 for Navojoa A-line and Neloki A-line and Sids 12 for Neloki A-line and these genotypes could be converted into new CMS lines through backcross breeding method. On the other side, the identified wheat genotypes as effective restorers were Sakha 95 for Vorobey A-line and Neloki A-line, and Kachu #1, Francolin #1 and Baj #1 for Vorobey A-line, therefore these genotypes could be used to develop promising wheat hybrids. Consequently, the presence of maintainer and restorer lines among the studied wheat genotypes indicates the possibility of developing wheat hybrids using CMS system in Egypt.
{"title":"Identification of maintainer and restorer lines based on CMS system for developing hybrid wheat in Egypt","authors":"A. Abd El-Rady, Gamal M M Soliman","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.205452.1397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.205452.1397","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted during the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 wheat growing seasons at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Sohag governorate, Egypt. Three cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines, namely Vorobey A-line, Navojoa A-line and Neloki A-line of wheat having Triticum Timopheevi cytoplasmic male sterility source (three-lines system A, B and R) were crossed with twenty-five wheat genotypes as testers in line × tester fashion to identify maintainer and restorer lines for the CMS lines. Based on the evaluation of 75 hybrid combinations for pollen and spikelet fertility percent, results indicated that the identified wheat genotypes as effective maintainers were Shandaweel 1, Misr 3, Misr 4, Giza 168, Gemmeiza 11, Gemmeiza 12, Kutz, Line 1, Line 2, Line 3, Line 4 and Line 5 for all the three CMS lines, Sids 14, Giza 171, Sakha 1001, Nadi and Kenya Sunbird for Vorobey A-line and Navojoa A-line, Misr 1, Kachu #1, Francolin #1 and Baj #1 for Navojoa A-line and Neloki A-line and Sids 12 for Neloki A-line and these genotypes could be converted into new CMS lines through backcross breeding method. On the other side, the identified wheat genotypes as effective restorers were Sakha 95 for Vorobey A-line and Neloki A-line, and Kachu #1, Francolin #1 and Baj #1 for Vorobey A-line, therefore these genotypes could be used to develop promising wheat hybrids. Consequently, the presence of maintainer and restorer lines among the studied wheat genotypes indicates the possibility of developing wheat hybrids using CMS system in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88211958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.192489.1342
Samar S. A. Elsayed, E. Mohamed, Nagwa E. Shalaby
Maize genotypes' reactions against stalk rot causal organisms showed that the lowest disease incidence was recorded in cases fertilized by decomposing animal manure (7-8 weeks old) and insect control, compared with those fertilized by fresh animal manure and no insect control. The highest percent of insect infection as well as the highest lodging percent were recorded in soil treated with fresh manure with no insect control. The weight of 100 kernels decreased as well as the yield per two rows with plots treated with fresh animal manure and no insect control. Maize hybrids single cross 10 (SC10) had a suitable level of resistance to tested diseases and recorded a lower infection percent of tested diseases, higher values of weight of 100 kernels, and higher yield per tested row than those recorded with the tested open-pollinated variety (Balady). Fresh animal manure resulted in increasing disease severity for each tested disease, indicating the danger of farmers fertilizing their farms with fresh animal manure before storing it for a few weeks. The obtained results also illustrated high germination percent and high grain component percent, i.e., protein, oil, ash, fiber, carbohydrates, and phenols, in all grains collected from plots that were fertilized by stored animal manure (7-8 weeks old) and sprayed against insects, as compared with the control treatment. Overall, this study never recommended the use of fresh farmyard animal manure before storing it for at least 7-8 weeks for fertilization of the soil. All in all, true disease control, the lowest kernel rot diseases, and high quantitative and qualitative yields per 2 rows were obtained from the plots sprayed with insecticide and fertilized by stored animal manure (decomposing animal manure). In short, the study found that using decomposing animal manure (7-8 weeks old) and insect control is the best way to prevent stalk rot diseases in maize. Fresh animal manure should not be used, as it can increase the severity of the diseases.
{"title":"Stalk rots complex diseases related to kind of animal manure and insecticide and its effect on the quality of maize grains","authors":"Samar S. A. Elsayed, E. Mohamed, Nagwa E. Shalaby","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.192489.1342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.192489.1342","url":null,"abstract":"Maize genotypes' reactions against stalk rot causal organisms showed that the lowest disease incidence was recorded in cases fertilized by decomposing animal manure (7-8 weeks old) and insect control, compared with those fertilized by fresh animal manure and no insect control. The highest percent of insect infection as well as the highest lodging percent were recorded in soil treated with fresh manure with no insect control. The weight of 100 kernels decreased as well as the yield per two rows with plots treated with fresh animal manure and no insect control. Maize hybrids single cross 10 (SC10) had a suitable level of resistance to tested diseases and recorded a lower infection percent of tested diseases, higher values of weight of 100 kernels, and higher yield per tested row than those recorded with the tested open-pollinated variety (Balady). Fresh animal manure resulted in increasing disease severity for each tested disease, indicating the danger of farmers fertilizing their farms with fresh animal manure before storing it for a few weeks. The obtained results also illustrated high germination percent and high grain component percent, i.e., protein, oil, ash, fiber, carbohydrates, and phenols, in all grains collected from plots that were fertilized by stored animal manure (7-8 weeks old) and sprayed against insects, as compared with the control treatment. Overall, this study never recommended the use of fresh farmyard animal manure before storing it for at least 7-8 weeks for fertilization of the soil. All in all, true disease control, the lowest kernel rot diseases, and high quantitative and qualitative yields per 2 rows were obtained from the plots sprayed with insecticide and fertilized by stored animal manure (decomposing animal manure). In short, the study found that using decomposing animal manure (7-8 weeks old) and insect control is the best way to prevent stalk rot diseases in maize. Fresh animal manure should not be used, as it can increase the severity of the diseases.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84782924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.195651.1372
Sakina R. Abazied, Sherine H. A. Al-Maracy
The present work was conducted at Kom Ombo Agricultural Research Station (latitude of 24o 28′ N and longitude of 32o 57′ E), Aswan Governorate, in the 2020 and 2021 harvesting seasons. This work aimed to study the effect of storage period before processing (0, 2, 4, and 6 days) and root pile coverage (covered with its top leaves or without cover) on yield and technological characteristics of three sugar beet varieties, i.e., Oscar poly, Ravel, and Francesca. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged in a split-split plot with three replications was used. Sucrose, purity, quality index, sugar recovery percentages, roots, and sugar yields were significantly decreased by prolonging the storage period, while root fresh weight loss and impurities were increased. The decreases in root yield at 2, 4, and 6 days after harvesting compared to the control (0 day) were 3.122, 6.908, and 9.179 ton/fad in the 1st season, and 4.041, 6.032, and 8.595 in the 2nd. The decreases in sugar yield at 2, 4, and 6 days after harvesting compared to the control (0 day) were (30.9%, 48.5%, 59.3%) and (25.3%, 37.4%, 52.0%) in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. Results showed that covering with its top leaves during storage significantly affected all studied traits except sucrose% at the first season. Roots and sugar yields were increased by 3.495, 1.642, and 0.559, 0.457 in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively, with leaves covered compared to without covering. The evaluated varieties differed significantly in respect to the studied traits except for the root fresh weight loss and sucrose percentage in both seasons, as well as the sugar recovery percentage in the first season only. All studied traits were significantly affected by the interactions among the three studied factors in both seasons. Under the conditions of the present work, results indicated that beet roots should be delivered for processing as early as possible to minimize root and sugar yield losses.
{"title":"Influence of post-harvest treatments on productivity and quality of sugar beet varieties under Kom Ombo conditions","authors":"Sakina R. Abazied, Sherine H. A. Al-Maracy","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.195651.1372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.195651.1372","url":null,"abstract":"The present work was conducted at Kom Ombo Agricultural Research Station (latitude of 24o 28′ N and longitude of 32o 57′ E), Aswan Governorate, in the 2020 and 2021 harvesting seasons. This work aimed to study the effect of storage period before processing (0, 2, 4, and 6 days) and root pile coverage (covered with its top leaves or without cover) on yield and technological characteristics of three sugar beet varieties, i.e., Oscar poly, Ravel, and Francesca. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged in a split-split plot with three replications was used. Sucrose, purity, quality index, sugar recovery percentages, roots, and sugar yields were significantly decreased by prolonging the storage period, while root fresh weight loss and impurities were increased. The decreases in root yield at 2, 4, and 6 days after harvesting compared to the control (0 day) were 3.122, 6.908, and 9.179 ton/fad in the 1st season, and 4.041, 6.032, and 8.595 in the 2nd. The decreases in sugar yield at 2, 4, and 6 days after harvesting compared to the control (0 day) were (30.9%, 48.5%, 59.3%) and (25.3%, 37.4%, 52.0%) in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. Results showed that covering with its top leaves during storage significantly affected all studied traits except sucrose% at the first season. Roots and sugar yields were increased by 3.495, 1.642, and 0.559, 0.457 in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively, with leaves covered compared to without covering. The evaluated varieties differed significantly in respect to the studied traits except for the root fresh weight loss and sucrose percentage in both seasons, as well as the sugar recovery percentage in the first season only. All studied traits were significantly affected by the interactions among the three studied factors in both seasons. Under the conditions of the present work, results indicated that beet roots should be delivered for processing as early as possible to minimize root and sugar yield losses.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85353439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.194130.1359
I. Hashim, S. Sorour, Soad A. Yosouf, Sara El-Sayed, T. Metwally
{"title":"Impact of organic fertilizer on some chemical properties of soil, nutrient availability and yield of the wheat-rice cropping system","authors":"I. Hashim, S. Sorour, Soad A. Yosouf, Sara El-Sayed, T. Metwally","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.194130.1359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.194130.1359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78535103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2023.198267.1383
Ehab H. Elharty, M. A. Khan, Sulieman A. Al-Faifi, Muhammed Afzal, S. Alghamdi
Quinoa is a highly nutritious grain crop and has attracted attention for its strong growth potential under extremely harsh environments. Toward introducing it into Saudi Arabia's agriculture system, fifty-five quinoa genotypes were imported, and field evaluated during the winter seasons of 2016 – 17 and 2017 – 18. These genotypes were characterized by thirty-three characters using the descriptor from Bioversity International. Quinoa plant was green during the seedling stage, then pigments were scattered over many parts of the plant, and some colors changed during its life. Three colors were detected on the panicle at flowering and seven colors at maturity. Quinoa plant was between 60 and 193 cm in height, took 98 to 187 days to reach maturity, and produced 15.3 to 70.1 g of seeds per plant. Two genotypes (Ames 13747 and Ames 13720) produced high seed yields of 3.3 and 3.1 t/ha and belonged to the average maturing categories (118.1 and 122.3 days, respectively). A significant correlation was detected between seed yield and plant height, number of branches, leaf width, and leaf area. Based on K-means clustering, the genotypes were grouped into five clusters with high variation among them (87.3%) and only 12.7% within clusters. The results identified the morphological characters that could be used as selection criteria to increase the efficiency of quinoa seed yield improvement programs.
{"title":"Morphological characterization of introduced quinoa genotypes under Saudi Arabia conditions","authors":"Ehab H. Elharty, M. A. Khan, Sulieman A. Al-Faifi, Muhammed Afzal, S. Alghamdi","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.198267.1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.198267.1383","url":null,"abstract":"Quinoa is a highly nutritious grain crop and has attracted attention for its strong growth potential under extremely harsh environments. Toward introducing it into Saudi Arabia's agriculture system, fifty-five quinoa genotypes were imported, and field evaluated during the winter seasons of 2016 – 17 and 2017 – 18. These genotypes were characterized by thirty-three characters using the descriptor from Bioversity International. Quinoa plant was green during the seedling stage, then pigments were scattered over many parts of the plant, and some colors changed during its life. Three colors were detected on the panicle at flowering and seven colors at maturity. Quinoa plant was between 60 and 193 cm in height, took 98 to 187 days to reach maturity, and produced 15.3 to 70.1 g of seeds per plant. Two genotypes (Ames 13747 and Ames 13720) produced high seed yields of 3.3 and 3.1 t/ha and belonged to the average maturing categories (118.1 and 122.3 days, respectively). A significant correlation was detected between seed yield and plant height, number of branches, leaf width, and leaf area. Based on K-means clustering, the genotypes were grouped into five clusters with high variation among them (87.3%) and only 12.7% within clusters. The results identified the morphological characters that could be used as selection criteria to increase the efficiency of quinoa seed yield improvement programs.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89258639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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