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Evaluating the Impact of Neonicotinoid and Sulfoximine Pesticides on Honey Bee Workers, Apis mellifera L., under Laboratory Conditions 在实验室条件下评价新烟碱类和亚砜亚胺类杀虫剂对蜜蜂工蜂的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.219866.1273
Mohamed Ahmed, Hosam Ezz El-Din, Eslam Omar, Omar Mosalam
Application of pesticides can have a negative impact on pollinating honey bees, Apis mellifera L., ranging from sublethal to lethal concentrations. Consequently, it is important to comprehend any possible impacts of pesticides. Herein, we evaluated the toxicity of specific pesticides (Sulfoxaflor, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid) on A. mellifera workers after exposure of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hrs under laboratory conditions. As a result, sulfoxaflor was considered the most toxic compound among the tested pesticides after 24-h of exposure. Further, acetamiprid was found least toxic pesticide. The same trend of toxicity on A. mellifera was observed after 48, 72, and 96 hrs of exposure. These results of the current investigation suggested that sulfoxaflor might be harmful to honey bee workers. This demonstrates the extraordinary sensitivity of local honey bee to routinely applied agricultural pesticides, which may have an impact on the colony level due to the extensive usage of these pesticides in Egypt.
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引用次数: 0
Morphogenetical Studies on Egg Parasitoids Trichogramma Released to Control Lepidopteran Sugarcane Pests in Qena Governorate, Egypt 埃及Qena省甘蔗鳞翅目害虫释放卵类赤眼蜂的形态发生研究
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.219324.1270
Farouk Abdel-Galil, Aya Ahmed, Sara Mousa, Mohammad Allam, Mervat Mahmoud, Nesreen Abou-Ghadir
The egg parasitoid Trichogramma was used in Qus, Qena Governorate, Egypt, to control lepidopteran sugarcane insect pests. The primary objective of this study was to identify the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma , by morphological and genetic approaches. Light microscope was used to examine the morphology of male and female adults and their measurements. Results showed that females were shorter than males in Trichogramma . Also, the external morphology of the antennae, wings, and male genitalia was recorded. The sequence of ITS2 of Trichogramma turkestanica was deposited in GenBank under the accession number of MW459187.1. Its nucleotide length was 434 bp. The nucleotide frequencies of adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) were 19.8, 28.3, 26.3, and 25.6 %, respectively. The C+G content was 54.6, which was higher than the A+T content. The tested species can be identified as Trichogramma turkestanica through combined morphological and molecular methods
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引用次数: 0
Application Effect of Biochar, Activated Carbon and Microorganisms on Reducing the Phytotoxicity of Cd and Pb 生物炭、活性炭和微生物对降低镉和铅植物毒性的应用效果
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.238008.1296
Rahma A. Kotby, Hashem M. Mohamed, Hala H. Gomah, A. Usman
The objective of the current study was to isolate acid production bacteria (APB) from sewage wastewater-irrigated soil. The effect of Cd and Pb at levels of 0-1000 ppm with or without active carbon (AC) or biochar (BC) on the germination of corn seeds ( Zea mays L.), and seedlings fresh and dry weight were also examined in germination experiment. In addition, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of BC, AC, and bacillus (BA) on plant growth of Zea mays in heavy metal contaminated soil. The results showed that the solubilization index for bacterial isolates of APB-1, APB-2, APB-3 and APB-4 was 2.50, 1.62, 2.22, and 3.14, respectively. It was observed that the growth parameters of seedlings decreased with increasing doses of Cd or Pb, showing negative effects of these metals on seeds germination, seedling length, and fresh and dry matter of seedlings. The toxicity effect of Cd appeared to be greater than Pb on the seedling’s growth. When applying AC or BC, however, the toxicity effect of toxic metals was reduced, which improved seedlings growth. In the greenhouse pot experiment, the application of AC, BC, or BA significantly increased the plant height and dry matter of maize shoots. It could be concluded that applying pyrolytic carbon-based materials or microbial inoculation enhanced plant growth and it may be due to improving soil quality and/or reducing heavy metals toxicity.
本研究旨在从污水灌溉土壤中分离产酸菌(APB)。在发芽实验中,加入或不加入活性碳(AC)或生物炭(BC)的 0-1000 ppm 水平的镉和铅对玉米种子(Zea mays L.)发芽的影响,以及幼苗的鲜重和干重。此外,还进行了温室盆栽实验,研究 BC、AC 和芽孢杆菌(BA)对重金属污染土壤中玉米植株生长的影响。结果表明,细菌分离物 APB-1、APB-2、APB-3 和 APB-4 的增溶指数分别为 2.50、1.62、2.22 和 3.14。据观察,随着镉或铅剂量的增加,幼苗的生长参数下降,表明这些金属对种子发芽、幼苗长度、幼苗的新鲜物质和干物质有负面影响。镉对秧苗生长的毒性影响似乎大于铅。但在施用 AC 或 BC 时,有毒金属的毒性效应降低,从而改善了秧苗的生长。在温室盆栽实验中,施用 AC、BC 或 BA 能显著增加玉米的株高和干物质。可以得出结论,施用热解碳基材料或微生物接种可促进植物生长,这可能是由于改善了土壤质量和/或降低了重金属毒性。
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引用次数: 0
Response of Two Local Varieties of Onion to Chemically Induced Male Sterility 两个本地洋葱品种对化学诱导雄性不育的反应
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.219362.1272
Osama Alabdalla, Rawaa Albabilie, M. Jbour, Roula Bathoush, Mostafa Alozon, Rasha Eid
The research was carried out during two agricultural seasons 2020 and 2021 at the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research in Damascus. The objective was to study the response of two local varieties of onion plants to three chemical treatments, GA 3 (250, 500, and 1000 mg/l), clothes washing powder (5, 10, and 15 g/l), 2,4-D (0.1, 0.5, and 1 ml/l) to induce artificial male infertility. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with four replicates . The results showed the efficiency of used chemicals in inducing male sterility in both varieties . The 1000 mg/L treatment of GA 3 was superior and significantly affected flowering parameters (inflorescence diameter, number of flowers per inflorescence, number of set flowers, percentage of flower setting) of both varieties Baladi red (10.03 cm, 1077.9 flower/inflorescence, 5 set flowers/inflorescence, and a percentage of 0.44%) and Salmon white (9.33 cm, 1084.2 flower/inflorescence, 5.1 set flowers/inflorescence, and a percentage of 0.47%), compared to the controls (7.67 cm, 695.1 flower/inflorescence, 495.78 set flower/inflorescence, 71.43%; 8.02 cm, 652.9 flower/ inflorescence, 545 set flower/inflorescence, and 82.76%, respectively). This was reflected positively in decreasing seed productivity per inflorescence to 0.009 g in Baladi red, 0.003 g in Salmoni white compared to the controls (8.86 g, 10.89 g). GA 3 can then be considered to have a selective effect on reducing or de-masculinize flowers, thus inducing male sterility and facilitating the production of F1 hybrid seeds without the need for back crossing within future breeding programs.
这项研究是在大马士革农业科学研究总委员会 2020 年和 2021 年的两个农业季节进行的。目的是研究两个当地洋葱品种对 GA 3(250、500 和 1000 毫克/升)、洗衣粉(5、10 和 15 克/升)、2,4-D(0.1、0.5 和 1 毫升/升)三种化学处理的反应,以诱导人工雄性不育。实验采用随机完全区组设计,设四个重复。结果表明,所使用的化学药剂在诱导两个品种的雄性不育方面都很有效。GA 3 的 1000 mg/L 处理效果更优,显著影响了两个品种的开花参数(花序直径、每花序的花数、座花数、座花率):巴拉迪红(10.03 厘米、1077.9 朵花/花序、5 朵座花/花序、座花率 0.44%)和鲑鱼白(10.03 厘米、1077.9 朵花/花序、5 朵座花/花序、座花率 0.44%)。与对照组(分别为 7.67 厘米,695.1 朵花/花序,495.78 朵花/花序,71.43%;8.02 厘米,652.9 朵花/花序,545 朵花/花序,82.76%)相比,巴拉迪红(10.03 厘米,1077.9 朵花/花序,5 朵花/花序,0.44%)和三文鱼白(9.33 厘米,1084.2 朵花/花序,5.1 朵花/花序,0.47%)的座花率均有所下降。与对照组(8.86 克、10.89 克)相比,巴拉迪红的每花序种子生产率下降到 0.009 克,萨尔莫尼白的每花序种子生产率下降到 0.003 克,这也从正面反映了这一点。因此,可以认为 GA 3 对减少或去雄花具有选择性作用,从而诱导雄性不育,促进 F1 代杂交种子的生产,而无需在未来的育种计划中进行回交。
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引用次数: 0
An Analytical Study of Prices, Margins and Marketing Efficiency of Tomato Crop in Dakahlia Governorate 达卡利亚省番茄作物的价格、利润率和营销效率分析研究
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.212342.1258
N. Abdelgawwad
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引用次数: 0
Effect of some Pre and Post-harvest Treatments on White Banaty (Thompson Seedless) Grapes during Cold Storage 冷藏期间一些采前和采后处理对白巴纳蒂(汤普森无籽)葡萄的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.226713.1284
Zain elabdien Mohamed, Talat EL-Mahdy, Rashad A. Ibrahim, Eman Abou-Zaid
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Various Potassium Fertilizers on Yield and Berries Characteristics of Red Roomy Grape Cultivar 各种钾肥对红室葡萄品种产量和浆果特征的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.219296.1271
R. Mostafa, Rashad A. Ibrahim, Maha M. Abdel-Salam, Fatma Sholkamy
.
.
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Pinching, Cluster Thinning and Girdling on Productivity and Quality Attributes of Ruby Seedless Grapevines Grown at Warm Region 掐梢、疏簇和疏枝对温暖地区种植的红宝石无籽葡萄产量和质量特性的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.219110.1268
A. Mohamed, Rashad A. Ibrahim, A. Hussein, Asmaa Mohamed
The experiment was executed over the consecutive seasons of 2020 and 2021 on the grape cultivar Ruby Seedless growing at the experimental orchard of Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture. Thirty vines planted in clay soil were selected for this study. The selected vines were at the same vigour and age and at the beginning of the experiment and obtained the same horticultural practices. The selected vines were subjected to the following treatments: (Five vines/treatment), Pinching of the new shoots, Cluster thinning of the second cluster, girdling the arms, Pinching + Cluster thinning of the second cluster. Pinching + Thinning of the second cluster + Girdling the arms and Control. Total yield weight, cluster measurements, berry attributes as well as the quality of grape berries were determined. The obtained results suggested that all the treatments and their combinations were effective in enhancing productivity and berry quality of Ruby Seedless grape cultivar.
该实验于 2020 年和 2021 年连续两季在阿苏特大学农学院实验果园的红宝石无籽葡萄品种上进行。本研究选择了 30 株种植在粘土中的葡萄树。所选葡萄树的活力和年龄与实验开始时相同,并采用了相同的园艺方法。所选葡萄树接受了以下处理:(五株葡萄树/处理)、掐除新梢、疏剪第二簇果穗、束臂、掐除+疏剪第二簇果穗。掐尖 + 疏剪第二丛 + 束枝和对照。测定了总产量、果穗测量值、浆果属性以及葡萄浆果的质量。结果表明,所有处理及其组合都能有效提高红宝石无籽葡萄品种的产量和浆果质量。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting the Severity of Alfalfa Root rot Disease Under Salinity Conditions 盐渍条件下紫花苜蓿根腐病严重程度的预测
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.223841.1280
Khaled Arafat, Mohammed Hassan, Omar Mahmoud
Alfalfa roots are infected with several fungal pathogens under salinity conditions. The effect of two salts of NaCl and CaCO 3 at three concentrations was studied in vitro. Mycelial growth and disease severity (DS%) were estimated to determine the relationship between (DS%) and water salinity. The highest effect on mycelial growth was detected at the electrical conductivity (EC W value) of 18.75 ds/m 2 which ranged from 8.80 and 9.44% with NaCl and CaCO 3 , respectively. Furthermore, Exserohilum sp. was the most affected by water salinity. With the different levels of water salinity, the DS% of alfalfa root rot increased gradually with the increased water salinity level. The highest level of water salinity with NaCl and CaCO 3 EC W value at 18.75 ds/m 2 ranged (42.76 and 43.53% severity for NaCl) and (44.04 and 44.42% severity for CaCO 3 , respectively). Moreover, with water salinity NaCl and CaCO 3, Fusarium sp. was the highest (DS%) with NaCl. Alfalfa root rot prediction model based on information gathered from the interaction of pathogen, water salinity, disease severity, and root and shoot length. It was found the relation between DS% with fungi, salt type, salt concentration, root and shoot length in the multiple regression model (r 2 =88.83%).
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引用次数: 0
Digitization Readiness for Extension Work in Assiut Governorate 阿苏特省推广工作的数字化准备情况
Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.21608/ajas.2023.224973.1281
Noura Hassan, Bahgat Abdel-Maksoud, Ahmed brahim, Mohamed Abdel-Ghany, Asmaa Bakr
The Main objectives of this research are to know: (1) Farmers readies to use digital technology to obtain extension services in Assiut Governorate; (2) advantages, of using digital technology in agricultural extension; (3) obstacles, to using digital technology in agricultural extension. The study was conducted on a random sample of 306 farmers in Assiut Governorate. Data were collected using a questionnaire form Through the personal interviews during the period from October to December 2022. Frequencies and percentages were used for data presentation and analysis. Results showed a high degree of readiness among sample members to use digital technology to obtain extension services. Some recommendations for developing and implementing digital extension service were recommended.
本研究的主要目标是了解:(1) 阿苏特省农民使用数字技术获得推广服务的意愿;(2) 在农业推广中使用数字技术的优势;(3) 在农业推广中使用数字技术的障碍。本研究对阿苏特省的 306 名农民进行了随机抽样。在 2022 年 10 月至 12 月期间,通过个人访谈以问卷形式收集数据。数据展示和分析采用了频数和百分比。结果显示,样本成员非常愿意使用数字技术获得推广服务。此外,还提出了一些关于开发和实施数字化推广服务的建议。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
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