Pub Date : 2006-10-08DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326932
Liliana Capacho, R. Pastor, O. Guschinskaya, A. Dolgui
This paper studies the performance of a group of heuristic methods developed to solve the alternative subgraphs assembly line balancing problem. This problem implies selecting an assembly subgraph for each subassembly that allows alternatives and assigning the tasks to the workstations, simultaneously. A computational experiment is carried out to analyse and compare the efficiency of the proposed procedures considering medium and large scale problems. Test results are reported.
{"title":"Heuristic Methods to Solve the Alternative Subgraphs Assembly Line Balancing Problem","authors":"Liliana Capacho, R. Pastor, O. Guschinskaya, A. Dolgui","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326932","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the performance of a group of heuristic methods developed to solve the alternative subgraphs assembly line balancing problem. This problem implies selecting an assembly subgraph for each subassembly that allows alternatives and assigning the tasks to the workstations, simultaneously. A computational experiment is carried out to analyse and compare the efficiency of the proposed procedures considering medium and large scale problems. Test results are reported.","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130573147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-08DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326846
E. Kazancioglu, K. Saitou
This paper presents a simulation-based method to aid multi-period production capacity planning by quantifying the trade-off between product quality and production cost. The product quality is estimated as the statistical variation from the target performances obtained from the output tolerances of the production machines that manufacture the components. The production cost is estimated as the total cost of owning and operating a production facility during the planning horizon. Given demand forecasts in future production periods, a multi-objective genetic algorithm searches for the optimal types and quantity of the production machines to be purchased during each period, which simultaneously maximize the product quality and minimize the production cost during the entire planning horizon. Case studies on automotive valvetrain production are presented as a demonstration
{"title":"Multi-Period Production Capacity Planning for Integrated Product and Production System Design","authors":"E. Kazancioglu, K. Saitou","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326846","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a simulation-based method to aid multi-period production capacity planning by quantifying the trade-off between product quality and production cost. The product quality is estimated as the statistical variation from the target performances obtained from the output tolerances of the production machines that manufacture the components. The production cost is estimated as the total cost of owning and operating a production facility during the planning horizon. Given demand forecasts in future production periods, a multi-objective genetic algorithm searches for the optimal types and quantity of the production machines to be purchased during each period, which simultaneously maximize the product quality and minimize the production cost during the entire planning horizon. Case studies on automotive valvetrain production are presented as a demonstration","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"25 25","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113954917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-08DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326884
Y. Jang, G. Choi
This paper introduces widely used current automated material handling systems in thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal-display (TFT-LCD) panel manufacturing systems. The automated material handling system (AMHS) in this paper refers to a hardware system that transports discrete parts from one processing machine to another. The TFT-LCD panel industry has been one of the fastest growing industries in the last decade. In particular, the process equipment for the TFT-LCD has undergone significant improvement, making technology innovations possible. However, the AMHS equipment has not had much improvement and in fact most of the current TFT-LCD factories use the same AMHS concept they used 10 years ago. Now, the role of the AMHS in TFT-LCD production lines becomes more important as production efficiency becomes a primary determinant of competitiveness. Therefore, TFT-LCD manufacturers are trying to increase their productivity by adopting an efficient material handling method and technology
{"title":"Introduction to Automated Material Handling Systems in LCD Panel Production Lines","authors":"Y. Jang, G. Choi","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326884","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces widely used current automated material handling systems in thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal-display (TFT-LCD) panel manufacturing systems. The automated material handling system (AMHS) in this paper refers to a hardware system that transports discrete parts from one processing machine to another. The TFT-LCD panel industry has been one of the fastest growing industries in the last decade. In particular, the process equipment for the TFT-LCD has undergone significant improvement, making technology innovations possible. However, the AMHS equipment has not had much improvement and in fact most of the current TFT-LCD factories use the same AMHS concept they used 10 years ago. Now, the role of the AMHS in TFT-LCD production lines becomes more important as production efficiency becomes a primary determinant of competitiveness. Therefore, TFT-LCD manufacturers are trying to increase their productivity by adopting an efficient material handling method and technology","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"28 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120974266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326965
J. Wen
Industrial collaboration can be an important dimension of university research; it provides real world problem motivation and application, as well as the resource and support to conduct the research. Working with industry, however, also presents many challenges, not the least of which is being able to balance and satisfy both the goal of the company (to solve a specific problem) and the mission of a research university (to foster broader intellectual advancement). In this lecture we will talk about the model developed at the Center for Automation Technologies and Systems (CATS) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) for successfully transforming specific problem solutions into broad design methodologies. In addition we will discuss the important role of government funding agencies to facilitate this process as well as issues such as intellectual property (IP), transfer of technologies, and licensing. Two examples of the execution of our industry-university collaboration model will be presented: cycle time reduction in electronic packaging machines and automated manufacturing of membrane electrode assembly in fuel cells. In both examples, we conducted applied research and developed prototype systems at CATS to demonstrate feasibility, and then assisted the companies to transfer the technologies into their production systems. At the same time, the companies assisted us to obtain government funding to conduct more fundamental research, which in turn is producing additional IP that the university can now license. The electronic packaging machine research has motivated our research in opto-mechatronics systems, which takes into account the interaction of mechanical, electrical, and optical subsystems at the early stage of product development to attain unique functionality and performance. The fuel cell manufacturing research has led to our broader focus on fuel cell stack assembly and design for assembly. he was a system engineer at Fisher Controls where he developed a plant-wide coordination control system for pulp and paper plants. From 1985-1988, he was a member of technical staff at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory where he developed new modeling and control algorithms for large space structures and space robots. Since 1988, he has been with Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute where he is currently a professor in the Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering with a joint appointment in the and has received eleven NASA Tech Brief Awards. His research interest lies in the general area of modeling and control of high performance motion systems, model reduction for complex dynamical systems, and network based control including congestion regulation …
{"title":"A Model for Industry-University Collaborative Research: Transforming Specific Problem Solution into Broad Design Methodologies","authors":"J. Wen","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326965","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial collaboration can be an important dimension of university research; it provides real world problem motivation and application, as well as the resource and support to conduct the research. Working with industry, however, also presents many challenges, not the least of which is being able to balance and satisfy both the goal of the company (to solve a specific problem) and the mission of a research university (to foster broader intellectual advancement). In this lecture we will talk about the model developed at the Center for Automation Technologies and Systems (CATS) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) for successfully transforming specific problem solutions into broad design methodologies. In addition we will discuss the important role of government funding agencies to facilitate this process as well as issues such as intellectual property (IP), transfer of technologies, and licensing. Two examples of the execution of our industry-university collaboration model will be presented: cycle time reduction in electronic packaging machines and automated manufacturing of membrane electrode assembly in fuel cells. In both examples, we conducted applied research and developed prototype systems at CATS to demonstrate feasibility, and then assisted the companies to transfer the technologies into their production systems. At the same time, the companies assisted us to obtain government funding to conduct more fundamental research, which in turn is producing additional IP that the university can now license. The electronic packaging machine research has motivated our research in opto-mechatronics systems, which takes into account the interaction of mechanical, electrical, and optical subsystems at the early stage of product development to attain unique functionality and performance. The fuel cell manufacturing research has led to our broader focus on fuel cell stack assembly and design for assembly. he was a system engineer at Fisher Controls where he developed a plant-wide coordination control system for pulp and paper plants. From 1985-1988, he was a member of technical staff at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory where he developed new modeling and control algorithms for large space structures and space robots. Since 1988, he has been with Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute where he is currently a professor in the Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering with a joint appointment in the and has received eleven NASA Tech Brief Awards. His research interest lies in the general area of modeling and control of high performance motion systems, model reduction for complex dynamical systems, and network based control including congestion regulation …","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115164951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326934
S. Chandrasekaran, R. Suresh, S. Ponnambalam, N. Vijayakumar
The problem of scheduling in flowshops with the objective of minimizing makespan, total flowtime and completion time variation is studied in this paper. A simple discrete version of particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is proposed for solving the set of benchmark flowshop scheduling problems proposed by Taillard (1993). The obtained results are better when compared with the results published in the literature.
{"title":"An Application of Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm to Permutation Flowshop Scheduling Problems to Minimize Makespan, Total Flowtime and Completion Time Variance","authors":"S. Chandrasekaran, R. Suresh, S. Ponnambalam, N. Vijayakumar","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326934","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of scheduling in flowshops with the objective of minimizing makespan, total flowtime and completion time variation is studied in this paper. A simple discrete version of particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is proposed for solving the set of benchmark flowshop scheduling problems proposed by Taillard (1993). The obtained results are better when compared with the results published in the literature.","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121373336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326923
K. Xing, Feng Tian, Hongbin Xu, Baosheng Hu
This paper addresses the deadlock avoidance problems in automated manufacturing systems with flexible routings. A deadlock in the systems is characterized as a saturated perfect resource-transition circuit in the system Petri net models. For a large subclass of automated manufacturing systems with flexible routings and without center resources, the optimal deadlock avoidance policies with real-time polynomial complexity are obtained. Then, with a result on the design of optimal deadlock avoidance policies for automated manufacturing systems, a method for synthesizing a suboptimal polynomial time complexity deadlock avoidance policy for general automated manufacturing systems is presented.
{"title":"Optimal Polynomial Complexity Deadlock Avoidance Policies for Manufacturing Systems with Flexible Routings","authors":"K. Xing, Feng Tian, Hongbin Xu, Baosheng Hu","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326923","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the deadlock avoidance problems in automated manufacturing systems with flexible routings. A deadlock in the systems is characterized as a saturated perfect resource-transition circuit in the system Petri net models. For a large subclass of automated manufacturing systems with flexible routings and without center resources, the optimal deadlock avoidance policies with real-time polynomial complexity are obtained. Then, with a result on the design of optimal deadlock avoidance policies for automated manufacturing systems, a method for synthesizing a suboptimal polynomial time complexity deadlock avoidance policy for general automated manufacturing systems is presented.","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125317089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326862
Mingang Cheng, M. Sugi, J. Ota, Masashi Yamamoto, Hiroki Ito, Kazuyoshi Inoue
In semiconductor manufacturing, rescheduling problems are extremely difficult to solve in real time due to the high frequency of disturbances that occur approximately every minute. This paper proposes a new approach to online manufacturing rescheduling. Unlike the traditional methods to have a scheduling process again, we (1) revise the existing schedule to keep high schedule stability based on message passing rescheduling with operation sorting; and (2) during the manufacturing process, improve the performance of the revised schedule with the introduction of a quick local search on semi-critical paths. In actual problems with about 200,000 processes, this method can effectively accommodate disturbances in less than 1 second, and a better schedule can be obtained in less than 1 minute. This method has been demonstrated to be more effective than conventional dispatching-rule methods, some of which have been actually applied in many facilities, because it offers higher schedule stability and fewer violations of due dates
{"title":"A fast rescheduling method in semiconductor manufacturing allowing for tardiness and scheduling stability","authors":"Mingang Cheng, M. Sugi, J. Ota, Masashi Yamamoto, Hiroki Ito, Kazuyoshi Inoue","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326862","url":null,"abstract":"In semiconductor manufacturing, rescheduling problems are extremely difficult to solve in real time due to the high frequency of disturbances that occur approximately every minute. This paper proposes a new approach to online manufacturing rescheduling. Unlike the traditional methods to have a scheduling process again, we (1) revise the existing schedule to keep high schedule stability based on message passing rescheduling with operation sorting; and (2) during the manufacturing process, improve the performance of the revised schedule with the introduction of a quick local search on semi-critical paths. In actual problems with about 200,000 processes, this method can effectively accommodate disturbances in less than 1 second, and a better schedule can be obtained in less than 1 minute. This method has been demonstrated to be more effective than conventional dispatching-rule methods, some of which have been actually applied in many facilities, because it offers higher schedule stability and fewer violations of due dates","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125565596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Predictive control strategy is presented for a comfort air-conditioning system concerning energy performance and indoor comfort requirements. Predicted mean vote (PMV) index was incorporated into the control strategy to assess thermal comfort level. First-order linear reference trajectory was selected for the controlled variable PMV. And a zero-order Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, being linearized in real-time around the current operating point, was adopted as the predictive model. The experiment results indicate that the proposed techniques can save energy and improve indoor comfort significantly for air conditioning systems compared to the conventional PID control technique.
{"title":"Fuzzy Model Predictive Control for a Comfort Air-Conditioning System","authors":"Yonghong Huang, Nianping Li, Yixun Yi, Jihong Zhan","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326937","url":null,"abstract":"Predictive control strategy is presented for a comfort air-conditioning system concerning energy performance and indoor comfort requirements. Predicted mean vote (PMV) index was incorporated into the control strategy to assess thermal comfort level. First-order linear reference trajectory was selected for the controlled variable PMV. And a zero-order Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, being linearized in real-time around the current operating point, was adopted as the predictive model. The experiment results indicate that the proposed techniques can save energy and improve indoor comfort significantly for air conditioning systems compared to the conventional PID control technique.","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114178524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326905
Huawei Song, H. Lau
In this paper, we study the problem of deciding when and how to perform reallocation of existing spare parts in a multi-echelon reparable item inventory system. We present a mathematical model that solves the problem when there are two reallocation instants, in response to the open challenge post by Cao and Silver(2005) to consider two or more possible reallocations within a replenishment cycle
{"title":"Two-Instant Reallocation in Two-Echelon Spare Parts Inventory Systems","authors":"Huawei Song, H. Lau","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326905","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the problem of deciding when and how to perform reallocation of existing spare parts in a multi-echelon reparable item inventory system. We present a mathematical model that solves the problem when there are two reallocation instants, in response to the open challenge post by Cao and Silver(2005) to consider two or more possible reallocations within a replenishment cycle","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129666009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2006.326866
Zhong-wang Zhou, Zhiqiang Yan, Jinglun Zhou, G. Jin, Doudou Dong, Zhengqiang Pan
Reliability design of static systems has been widely developed in recent years. Fault trees (FT), genetic algorithms (GA) and neural networks (NN) are among the most common methodologies used in such tasks. However, because of the complex behavior of dynamic systems, less attention has been paid on their design. With the thorough research into dynamic fault trees (DFT) and neural networks, which could be used in reliability analysis of dynamic systems, the design of dynamic systems becomes possible. In this paper, a hierarchically modular design method based on DFT and NN are proposed to solve this problem. Fault tree of the system is constructed, a linear-time modular method is performed to find out all the static and dynamic subtrees and the reliability demand of each subtree could be determined. Then the static subtrees are optimized using traditional methods, and each dynamic subtree are mapped into feed-forward recursive neural networks, which could be trained to obtain the optimal design parameters
{"title":"Design of Dynamic Systems Based on Dynamic Fault Trees and Neural Networks","authors":"Zhong-wang Zhou, Zhiqiang Yan, Jinglun Zhou, G. Jin, Doudou Dong, Zhengqiang Pan","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2006.326866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2006.326866","url":null,"abstract":"Reliability design of static systems has been widely developed in recent years. Fault trees (FT), genetic algorithms (GA) and neural networks (NN) are among the most common methodologies used in such tasks. However, because of the complex behavior of dynamic systems, less attention has been paid on their design. With the thorough research into dynamic fault trees (DFT) and neural networks, which could be used in reliability analysis of dynamic systems, the design of dynamic systems becomes possible. In this paper, a hierarchically modular design method based on DFT and NN are proposed to solve this problem. Fault tree of the system is constructed, a linear-time modular method is performed to find out all the static and dynamic subtrees and the reliability demand of each subtree could be determined. Then the static subtrees are optimized using traditional methods, and each dynamic subtree are mapped into feed-forward recursive neural networks, which could be trained to obtain the optimal design parameters","PeriodicalId":116108,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"22 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123728427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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