Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.1.56
{"title":"Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences","authors":"","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.1.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.1.56","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45215660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.1.37
J. Hurowitz, D. Catling, W. Fischer
The exploration of Mars has revealed that its ancient surface hosted lakes with a dazzling array of chemical and physical conditions and processes. The potential habitability of surface waters has driven studies aimed at understanding whether or not Mars once hosted life. High levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide are probable on early Mars, which means that lakes derived from weathering fluids could have contained substantial carbonate alkalinity. Recent studies show that lakes with high carbonate alkalinity are able to concentrate the phosphate and cyanide that are critical for molecular synthesis in the origin of life. While evidence for carbonate-rich Martian lakes remains limited, NASA’s Perseverance rover may reveal clues about the past existence of such waters in Jezero Crater.
{"title":"High Carbonate Alkalinity Lakes on Mars and their Potential Role in an Origin of Life Beyond Earth","authors":"J. Hurowitz, D. Catling, W. Fischer","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.1.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.1.37","url":null,"abstract":"The exploration of Mars has revealed that its ancient surface hosted lakes with a dazzling array of chemical and physical conditions and processes. The potential habitability of surface waters has driven studies aimed at understanding whether or not Mars once hosted life. High levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide are probable on early Mars, which means that lakes derived from weathering fluids could have contained substantial carbonate alkalinity. Recent studies show that lakes with high carbonate alkalinity are able to concentrate the phosphate and cyanide that are critical for molecular synthesis in the origin of life. While evidence for carbonate-rich Martian lakes remains limited, NASA’s Perseverance rover may reveal clues about the past existence of such waters in Jezero Crater.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43081509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.1.10
B. Tutolo, N. Tosca
Alkaline lakes are incredibly dynamic, unique, and fascinating biogeo-chemical environments that have remained distinctive features of Earth’s evolving surface over much of its history. Understanding these evaporative surface waters, their exceptionally productive ecosystems, and their rare sedimentary deposits requires an inherently interdisciplinary approach at the intersection of hydrology, geology, and biology. The discipline-spanning articles in this issue evaluate the diverse characteristics that make these dry, salty, and habitable environments so valuable in unraveling the history and evolution of Earth’s surface, and in following the arc of habitability on ancient Mars. Here, in this introductory article, we summarize the characteristics and importance of alkaline lakes with the hope of attracting you, too, to join in our fascination with them.
{"title":"Dry, Salty, and Habitable: The Science of Alkaline Lakes","authors":"B. Tutolo, N. Tosca","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Alkaline lakes are incredibly dynamic, unique, and fascinating biogeo-chemical environments that have remained distinctive features of Earth’s evolving surface over much of its history. Understanding these evaporative surface waters, their exceptionally productive ecosystems, and their rare sedimentary deposits requires an inherently interdisciplinary approach at the intersection of hydrology, geology, and biology. The discipline-spanning articles in this issue evaluate the diverse characteristics that make these dry, salty, and habitable environments so valuable in unraveling the history and evolution of Earth’s surface, and in following the arc of habitability on ancient Mars. Here, in this introductory article, we summarize the characteristics and importance of alkaline lakes with the hope of attracting you, too, to join in our fascination with them.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47051358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.17.2.130
Robert Martin Stepping, Canadian Mineralogist
In 1977, Dr. Robert (Bob) Martin was invited to become coeditor of The Canadian Mineralogist, along with coeditor Louis Cabri. Little did he know that the adventure would last for more than three decades. From 1983 on, he acted as the sole editor. During that time, he raised the standard and profile of The Canadian Mineralogist to those of a major international journal thanks to his style and flair, his tireless efforts in promoting the journal, his eye for detail, and the unusual degree of attention he gave to every manuscript. For the past twenty-two years, he has been ably assisted by his wife, Vicki Loschiavo, who has acted as managing editor. So you could say that The Canadian Mineralogist has been a family affair in the Loschiavo-Martin household. Bob has always maintained a high level of research activity, in spite of the gruelling demands of his editorial role, and in fact some of his research interests started through interactions with authors publishing in The Canadian Mineralogist. Bob now wishes to retire from The Canadian Mineralogist to concentrate more on his research and to devote more time to the special publications series, which he created in 1996. There are now ten titles in that series. The Association owes Bob and Vicki a huge debt of gratitude for their dedication to the well-being of the journal over so many years and for helping to ensure a seamless transition with the new editorial office.
{"title":"Mineralogical Association of Canada","authors":"Robert Martin Stepping, Canadian Mineralogist","doi":"10.2138/gselements.17.2.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.2.130","url":null,"abstract":"In 1977, Dr. Robert (Bob) Martin was invited to become coeditor of The Canadian Mineralogist, along with coeditor Louis Cabri. Little did he know that the adventure would last for more than three decades. From 1983 on, he acted as the sole editor. During that time, he raised the standard and profile of The Canadian Mineralogist to those of a major international journal thanks to his style and flair, his tireless efforts in promoting the journal, his eye for detail, and the unusual degree of attention he gave to every manuscript. For the past twenty-two years, he has been ably assisted by his wife, Vicki Loschiavo, who has acted as managing editor. So you could say that The Canadian Mineralogist has been a family affair in the Loschiavo-Martin household. Bob has always maintained a high level of research activity, in spite of the gruelling demands of his editorial role, and in fact some of his research interests started through interactions with authors publishing in The Canadian Mineralogist. Bob now wishes to retire from The Canadian Mineralogist to concentrate more on his research and to devote more time to the special publications series, which he created in 1996. There are now ten titles in that series. The Association owes Bob and Vicki a huge debt of gratitude for their dedication to the well-being of the journal over so many years and for helping to ensure a seamless transition with the new editorial office.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44623637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.1.4
{"title":"From the Editors","authors":"","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.1.57
{"title":"Sociedad Española de Mineralogía","authors":"","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.1.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.1.15
N. Tosca, B. Tutolo
Of all the surface environments on our planet, alkaline lakes are among the most distinctive and significant in terms of their biogeochemistry, climatic sensitivity, and associated mineral deposits. But how does the Earth produce alkaline lakes? Fifty years ago, Lawrence Hardie and Hans Eugster hypothesised that the bewildering complexity of non-marine evaporites could be explained by common successions of mineral precipitation events, or chemical divides. Since that time, the chemical divide concept has provided Earth scientists with an enduring framework within which to integrate new advances in mineral–water equilibria and kinetics, sedimentology, and paleoclimatology. These developments are painting an increasingly detailed picture of how alkaline waters form and interact with magmatic and atmospheric CO2, now and in the distant past.
{"title":"How to Make an Alkaline Lake: Fifty Years of Chemical Divides","authors":"N. Tosca, B. Tutolo","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Of all the surface environments on our planet, alkaline lakes are among the most distinctive and significant in terms of their biogeochemistry, climatic sensitivity, and associated mineral deposits. But how does the Earth produce alkaline lakes? Fifty years ago, Lawrence Hardie and Hans Eugster hypothesised that the bewildering complexity of non-marine evaporites could be explained by common successions of mineral precipitation events, or chemical divides. Since that time, the chemical divide concept has provided Earth scientists with an enduring framework within which to integrate new advances in mineral–water equilibria and kinetics, sedimentology, and paleoclimatology. These developments are painting an increasingly detailed picture of how alkaline waters form and interact with magmatic and atmospheric CO2, now and in the distant past.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47454507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.1.7
N. Tosca, B. Tutolo
The articles in this issue highlight interdisciplinary approaches to the science of alkaline lakes, but one important concept links all of them together: alkalinity. Here, we discuss what alkalinity is, why it is important, and how it is typically measured. We review two different but complementary definitions of alkalinity that offer an intuitive starting point for understanding how this critical parameter responds to biogeochemical processes.
{"title":"Alkalinity in Theory and Practice","authors":"N. Tosca, B. Tutolo","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The articles in this issue highlight interdisciplinary approaches to the science of alkaline lakes, but one important concept links all of them together: alkalinity. Here, we discuss what alkalinity is, why it is important, and how it is typically measured. We review two different but complementary definitions of alkalinity that offer an intuitive starting point for understanding how this critical parameter responds to biogeochemical processes.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48640967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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