Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.20.1.7
Mehmet Yesiltas, Yoko Kebukawa
Extraterrestrial organic matter forms in a variety of locations in space through different mechanisms. Its nature, distribution, formation mechanisms and locations are of particular interest. Some organic molecules can even be considered as key players for the emergence of life. Although new organic species are continuously detected in the interstellar media, Solar System bodies, and extraterrestrial materials, their formation and evolution are still not fully understood. Ground-based and space observations can detect organic matter in different objects with a range of complexity and diversity, while laboratory investigations of astromaterials allow detailed characterization of extraterrestrial organic matter with high precision. This issue reviews different aspects of extraterrestrial organic matter, including its origin, evolution, diversity, and delivery.
{"title":"Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: An Introduction","authors":"Mehmet Yesiltas, Yoko Kebukawa","doi":"10.2138/gselements.20.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.20.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Extraterrestrial organic matter forms in a variety of locations in space through different mechanisms. Its nature, distribution, formation mechanisms and locations are of particular interest. Some organic molecules can even be considered as key players for the emergence of life. Although new organic species are continuously detected in the interstellar media, Solar System bodies, and extraterrestrial materials, their formation and evolution are still not fully understood. Ground-based and space observations can detect organic matter in different objects with a range of complexity and diversity, while laboratory investigations of astromaterials allow detailed characterization of extraterrestrial organic matter with high precision. This issue reviews different aspects of extraterrestrial organic matter, including its origin, evolution, diversity, and delivery.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139885129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.20.1.59
FrAnçoIs FontAn syMPosIuM
A tribute to François Fontan (1942–2007) was held on 15 April 2009 at the Natural History Museum of Toulouse (MHNT). François passed away unexpectedly at the age of 64, only a few weeks before his retirement. He had been working at the Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transferts en Géologie (LMTG, CNRS) of Paul Sabatier University and the Observatoire MidiPyrénées in Toulouse for nearly 40 years, and he had been collaborating with MHNT since 1984. A rare mineral was named for him (fontanite; see Deliens and Piret 1992, European Journal of Mineralogy 4: 1271).
{"title":"Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie","authors":"FrAnçoIs FontAn syMPosIuM","doi":"10.2138/gselements.20.1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.20.1.59","url":null,"abstract":"A tribute to François Fontan (1942–2007) was held on 15 April 2009 at the Natural History Museum of Toulouse (MHNT). François passed away unexpectedly at the age of 64, only a few weeks before his retirement. He had been working at the Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transferts en Géologie (LMTG, CNRS) of Paul Sabatier University and the Observatoire MidiPyrénées in Toulouse for nearly 40 years, and he had been collaborating with MHNT since 1984. A rare mineral was named for him (fontanite; see Deliens and Piret 1992, European Journal of Mineralogy 4: 1271).","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139890652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconstructing volatile exsolution in a porphyry ore forming magma chamber: Perspectives from apatite inclusions","authors":"","doi":"10.2138/am-2023-8963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2023-8963","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139128640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu-yu Zheng, Bo Xu, David R. Lentz, Xiao-yan Yu, Zeng-qian Hou, Tao Wang
ABSTRACT
摘要
{"title":"Machine Learning Applied to Apatite Compositions for Determining Mineralization Potential","authors":"Yu-yu Zheng, Bo Xu, David R. Lentz, Xiao-yan Yu, Zeng-qian Hou, Tao Wang","doi":"10.2138/am-2023-9115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2023-9115","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139127030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.5.289
J. M. Galloway, Sofie Lindström
Terrestrial ecosystems are integral components of global carbon budgets and modulators of Earth’s climate. Emplacement of large igneous provinces (LIPs) is implicated in almost every mass extinction and smaller biotic crises in Earth’s history, but the effects of these and other large-scale magmatic events on terrestrial ecosystems are poorly understood. Palynology, the study of fossilized pollen and spores, offer a means to robustly reconstruct the types and abundance of plants growing on the landscape and their response to Earth crises, permitting predictions of the response of terrestrial vegetation to future perturbations. We review existing palynological literature to explore the direct and cumulative impacts of large-scale magmatism, such as LIP-forming events, on terrestrial vegetation composition and dynamics over geological time.
{"title":"Impacts of Large-scale Magmatism on Land Plant Ecosystems","authors":"J. M. Galloway, Sofie Lindström","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.5.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.5.289","url":null,"abstract":"Terrestrial ecosystems are integral components of global carbon budgets and modulators of Earth’s climate. Emplacement of large igneous provinces (LIPs) is implicated in almost every mass extinction and smaller biotic crises in Earth’s history, but the effects of these and other large-scale magmatic events on terrestrial ecosystems are poorly understood. Palynology, the study of fossilized pollen and spores, offer a means to robustly reconstruct the types and abundance of plants growing on the landscape and their response to Earth crises, permitting predictions of the response of terrestrial vegetation to future perturbations. We review existing palynological literature to explore the direct and cumulative impacts of large-scale magmatism, such as LIP-forming events, on terrestrial vegetation composition and dynamics over geological time.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.5.327
{"title":"International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits","authors":"","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.5.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.5.327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.5.282
Henrik H. Svensen, Morgan T. Jones, T. Mather
Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are characterized by flood basalts and extensive magmatic plumbing systems. When sills and dykes are emplaced in sedimentary basins, the heat released can result in extensive contact metamorphism and gas generation. During the past 20 years, this process has been highlighted as potentially playing a key role in terms of proposed links between LIPs and global environmental changes. The geochemistry of the sedimentary rocks that the magma intrudes, and their potential to generate thermogenic gases such as CO2 and CH4 during heating, are critical controlling factors.
{"title":"Large Igneous Provinces and the Release of Thermogenic Volatiles from Sedimentary Basins","authors":"Henrik H. Svensen, Morgan T. Jones, T. Mather","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.5.282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.5.282","url":null,"abstract":"Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are characterized by flood basalts and extensive magmatic plumbing systems. When sills and dykes are emplaced in sedimentary basins, the heat released can result in extensive contact metamorphism and gas generation. During the past 20 years, this process has been highlighted as potentially playing a key role in terms of proposed links between LIPs and global environmental changes. The geochemistry of the sedimentary rocks that the magma intrudes, and their potential to generate thermogenic gases such as CO2 and CH4 during heating, are critical controlling factors.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2138/gselements.19.5.269
Frances Deegan, Sara Callegaro, Joshua H.F.L. Davies, Henrik Svensen
Earth’s history has been punctuated by extraordinary magmatic events that produced large igneous provinces (LIPs). Many LIPs induced global changes, including millennial-scale warming, terrestrial and oceanic mass extinctions, oceanic anoxic events, and even glaciations. Research over the past 20 years has shown that shallow crustal degassing is an important factor contributing to the environmental impact of LIPs. Contact metamorphism in sedimentary basins can generate huge gas volumes, and operates as a function of magma volume and the architecture of LIP plumbing systems. Numerous open questions remain concerning the role of LIPs in triggering rapid and lasting changes, whose answers require collaboration across geoscientific disciplines. In this issue, we present the status of five key research themes and discuss potential ways forward to better understanding these large-scale phenomena.
{"title":"Driving Global Change One LIP at a Time","authors":"Frances Deegan, Sara Callegaro, Joshua H.F.L. Davies, Henrik Svensen","doi":"10.2138/gselements.19.5.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.19.5.269","url":null,"abstract":"Earth’s history has been punctuated by extraordinary magmatic events that produced large igneous provinces (LIPs). Many LIPs induced global changes, including millennial-scale warming, terrestrial and oceanic mass extinctions, oceanic anoxic events, and even glaciations. Research over the past 20 years has shown that shallow crustal degassing is an important factor contributing to the environmental impact of LIPs. Contact metamorphism in sedimentary basins can generate huge gas volumes, and operates as a function of magma volume and the architecture of LIP plumbing systems. Numerous open questions remain concerning the role of LIPs in triggering rapid and lasting changes, whose answers require collaboration across geoscientific disciplines. In this issue, we present the status of five key research themes and discuss potential ways forward to better understanding these large-scale phenomena.","PeriodicalId":11643,"journal":{"name":"Elements","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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