Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043665
J. Zhong, K. Bhattacharya
Spinning reserve maybe provided as an ancillary service by the independent system operator in a deregulated market. This paper presents the design of a spinning reserve service (SRS) market that can act as an effective tool to determine spinning reserve schedules in deregulated power systems. The present method obtains uniform spinning reserve price within a bid-based market structure considering market constraints, transmission constraints and reserve requirements. The participants in this market are assumed to provide bid prices and corresponding amount of spinning capacity available for this service. A distinguishing feature of this market is that it works on a short-term basis (one hour ahead) and is independent of the real power market. We also incorporate a reserve-dependent bidding strategy for participant generators and demonstrate that the market for this service will be highly volatile to system conditions.
{"title":"Design of competitive markets for spinning reserve services","authors":"J. Zhong, K. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043665","url":null,"abstract":"Spinning reserve maybe provided as an ancillary service by the independent system operator in a deregulated market. This paper presents the design of a spinning reserve service (SRS) market that can act as an effective tool to determine spinning reserve schedules in deregulated power systems. The present method obtains uniform spinning reserve price within a bid-based market structure considering market constraints, transmission constraints and reserve requirements. The participants in this market are assumed to provide bid prices and corresponding amount of spinning capacity available for this service. A distinguishing feature of this market is that it works on a short-term basis (one hour ahead) and is independent of the real power market. We also incorporate a reserve-dependent bidding strategy for participant generators and demonstrate that the market for this service will be highly volatile to system conditions.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132959875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043510
Wilsun Xu
Harmonic distortion limits recommended by the majority of known standards are for steady-state harmonics. The harmonic distortions measured in the field, however, vary with time. How to apply the steady-state limits to the actual measured harmonics has been a concern for verifying compliance to harmonic standards. In this panel paper, the problem of time-varying harmonics is examined and a solution is proposed. The proposed solution is to convert the time-varying distortion data into two magnitude-duration curves. The steady-state limits are then modified and applied to the magnitude-duration curves.
{"title":"Application of steady-state harmonic distortion limits to the time-varying measured harmonic distortions","authors":"Wilsun Xu","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043510","url":null,"abstract":"Harmonic distortion limits recommended by the majority of known standards are for steady-state harmonics. The harmonic distortions measured in the field, however, vary with time. How to apply the steady-state limits to the actual measured harmonics has been a concern for verifying compliance to harmonic standards. In this panel paper, the problem of time-varying harmonics is examined and a solution is proposed. The proposed solution is to convert the time-varying distortion data into two magnitude-duration curves. The steady-state limits are then modified and applied to the magnitude-duration curves.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132091188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043226
G. V. Podporkin, V. Pilshikov, A. Sivaev
Summary form only given, as follows. A long flashover arrester (LFA) which comprises three flashover modules using the creeping discharge effect is described in this paper. In this design, the total arrester-stressing voltage is applied simultaneously to all the modules so that the voltage-time characteristics of the arrester are improved considerably assuring reliable protection of medium voltage (e.g. 10 kV) overhead power lines against both induced overvoltages and direct lightning strokes. A single LFA per support or pole is found to be sufficient to protect an overhead line against induced overvoltages. An LFA should be arranged in parallel with each insulator in order to protect a line against direct lightning strokes.
{"title":"Lightning protection of medium voltage overhead lines by modular long-flashover","authors":"G. V. Podporkin, V. Pilshikov, A. Sivaev","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043226","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given, as follows. A long flashover arrester (LFA) which comprises three flashover modules using the creeping discharge effect is described in this paper. In this design, the total arrester-stressing voltage is applied simultaneously to all the modules so that the voltage-time characteristics of the arrester are improved considerably assuring reliable protection of medium voltage (e.g. 10 kV) overhead power lines against both induced overvoltages and direct lightning strokes. A single LFA per support or pole is found to be sufficient to protect an overhead line against induced overvoltages. An LFA should be arranged in parallel with each insulator in order to protect a line against direct lightning strokes.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125377542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043636
J. Contreras, A. Conejo, S. de la Torre, M. Munoz
Summary form only given as follows. This paper presents a successful lab experience to teach pool-based electricity markets to power engineering students. Students are arranged in groups and assigned, at random, a set of generators. They play the role of power producers and compete against each other with the target of maximizing their own profits. The instructor plays the role of the market operator. A market simulator and a computer communication network make it possible to simulate the actual functioning of a pool-based electricity market. The elements that have made this educational experience successful are described and analyzed. Several case examples are discussed.
{"title":"Power engineering lab: electricity market simulator","authors":"J. Contreras, A. Conejo, S. de la Torre, M. Munoz","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043636","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given as follows. This paper presents a successful lab experience to teach pool-based electricity markets to power engineering students. Students are arranged in groups and assigned, at random, a set of generators. They play the role of power producers and compete against each other with the target of maximizing their own profits. The instructor plays the role of the market operator. A market simulator and a computer communication network make it possible to simulate the actual functioning of a pool-based electricity market. The elements that have made this educational experience successful are described and analyzed. Several case examples are discussed.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126219762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043446
E. Styvaktakis, M. Bollen, I. Gu
Power quality monitors in the occasion of a disturbance can either save the actual voltage waveform that contains the event or the corresponding RMS. The latter option reduces significantly the memory that is needed for saving the event. This paper shows that even with this type of monitoring, analysis of the measurements can be in depth. The paper proposes a method for automatic classification of power system events using RMS voltage measurements. The system is tested with measurements from a distribution network and the results show that classification is possible for the considered types of events. Finally, the limitations of this type of monitoring are shown.
{"title":"Automatic classification of power system events using RMS voltage measurements","authors":"E. Styvaktakis, M. Bollen, I. Gu","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043446","url":null,"abstract":"Power quality monitors in the occasion of a disturbance can either save the actual voltage waveform that contains the event or the corresponding RMS. The latter option reduces significantly the memory that is needed for saving the event. This paper shows that even with this type of monitoring, analysis of the measurements can be in depth. The paper proposes a method for automatic classification of power system events using RMS voltage measurements. The system is tested with measurements from a distribution network and the results show that classification is possible for the considered types of events. Finally, the limitations of this type of monitoring are shown.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126309659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043388
D. Douglass
Bare overhead stranded conductors are used in both distribution and transmission lines. While very durable and having very stable mechanical and electrical properties, conductors in lines beyond their 40 year design life may deteriorate due to high temperature operation, wind-induced vibration, and corrosion. Methods of evaluating the reliability and performance of lines having aging conductors are presented.
{"title":"Coping with aging distribution and transmission conductors","authors":"D. Douglass","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043388","url":null,"abstract":"Bare overhead stranded conductors are used in both distribution and transmission lines. While very durable and having very stable mechanical and electrical properties, conductors in lines beyond their 40 year design life may deteriorate due to high temperature operation, wind-induced vibration, and corrosion. Methods of evaluating the reliability and performance of lines having aging conductors are presented.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114180147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043251
R.E. Brown
Computer analysis tools are the basis for all rigorous analysis for distribution system planning and engineering. Distribution systems are very large and complex by nature, and detailed models can only be analyzed with the help of computers and supporting software. These tools, however, are subject to difficulties that limit their effectiveness. Maintenance and support expenses, for example, typically result in limited feature. Version management expenses, similarly, can result in an unwillingness to customize and infrequent updates. To overcome some of these drawbacks, this paper presents a framework for web-based distribution system planning. This approach allows utility planners to have access to customized modeling and analysis, tools ever thin clients, which can reduce overall planning costs and help to ensure the bast possible distribution system for the lowest possible cost.
{"title":"Web-based distribution system planning","authors":"R.E. Brown","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043251","url":null,"abstract":"Computer analysis tools are the basis for all rigorous analysis for distribution system planning and engineering. Distribution systems are very large and complex by nature, and detailed models can only be analyzed with the help of computers and supporting software. These tools, however, are subject to difficulties that limit their effectiveness. Maintenance and support expenses, for example, typically result in limited feature. Version management expenses, similarly, can result in an unwillingness to customize and infrequent updates. To overcome some of these drawbacks, this paper presents a framework for web-based distribution system planning. This approach allows utility planners to have access to customized modeling and analysis, tools ever thin clients, which can reduce overall planning costs and help to ensure the bast possible distribution system for the lowest possible cost.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"19 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116685960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043580
L. S. Moulin, A.P.A. da Silva, Mohamed A. El-Sharkawi, R. J. Marks
The neural network (NN) approach to power system transient stability analysis (TSA) has been presented as a potential tool for online applications, but the high dimensionality of the power systems turns it necessary to implement feature extraction techniques to make the application feasible in practice. At the same time, feature extraction can offer sensitivity information to help the identification of input features best suited for control action. This paper presents a new learning-based nonlinear classifier, the support vector machines (SVMs) NNs, showing its suitability for power system TSA. It can be seen as a different approach to cope with the problem of high dimensionality due to its fast training capability, which can be combined with existing feature extraction techniques. SVMs' theoretical motivation is conceptually explained and they are applied to the IEEE 50 generator system TSA problem. Aspects of model adequacy, training time and classification accuracy are discussed and compared to stability classifications obtained by multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). Both models are trained with complete and reduced Input features sets.
{"title":"Support vector and multilayer perceptron neural networks applied to power systems transient stability analysis with input dimensionality reduction","authors":"L. S. Moulin, A.P.A. da Silva, Mohamed A. El-Sharkawi, R. J. Marks","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043580","url":null,"abstract":"The neural network (NN) approach to power system transient stability analysis (TSA) has been presented as a potential tool for online applications, but the high dimensionality of the power systems turns it necessary to implement feature extraction techniques to make the application feasible in practice. At the same time, feature extraction can offer sensitivity information to help the identification of input features best suited for control action. This paper presents a new learning-based nonlinear classifier, the support vector machines (SVMs) NNs, showing its suitability for power system TSA. It can be seen as a different approach to cope with the problem of high dimensionality due to its fast training capability, which can be combined with existing feature extraction techniques. SVMs' theoretical motivation is conceptually explained and they are applied to the IEEE 50 generator system TSA problem. Aspects of model adequacy, training time and classification accuracy are discussed and compared to stability classifications obtained by multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). Both models are trained with complete and reduced Input features sets.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125238724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043387
R. Chu
Summary form only given. The Eastern Interconnection is dividing into Regional Transmission Organizations. These now organizations are naming themselves independent system operators, independent transmission companies, transmission owners, stakeholders, transmission customers and etc. They take the place of the transmission operations and planning segments of integrated electrical utilities. No longer is generation planning function and transmission planning function moving hand-in-hand within a given integrated utility. Now the process has become an open process across the interconnection under the functional control of independent system operators. This presentation discusses the state of reorganization and then near and far term perceptions on how grid expansion is to be accomplished. Who will be the stakeholders, the regulators, the customers, the owners? Who will pay for the expansions? How will reliability be assured?.
{"title":"Fairness and comparability-guiding principles for RTO transmission expansion planning","authors":"R. Chu","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043387","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The Eastern Interconnection is dividing into Regional Transmission Organizations. These now organizations are naming themselves independent system operators, independent transmission companies, transmission owners, stakeholders, transmission customers and etc. They take the place of the transmission operations and planning segments of integrated electrical utilities. No longer is generation planning function and transmission planning function moving hand-in-hand within a given integrated utility. Now the process has become an open process across the interconnection under the functional control of independent system operators. This presentation discusses the state of reorganization and then near and far term perceptions on how grid expansion is to be accomplished. Who will be the stakeholders, the regulators, the customers, the owners? Who will pay for the expansions? How will reliability be assured?.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"73 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128031391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043532
J. Momoh
Summary form only given as follows. A price structure for providing reactive power service and control based on optimal power flow (OPF) approach is developed. The cost of reactive power support service is determined based on capability and contributions to the improvement of system performance such as security, reliability and economics, by computing sensitivity of objective function with respect to reactive power support. The OPF model, in which the objective function is minimization of system loss, is solved by the interior point approach. For VAr planning purpose, three parallel indices are first presented to determine the sites of new VAr sources, based on the cost-benefit analysis, the sensitivity method and the voltage security margin method. Then, the analytic hierarchical process is used to comprehensively consider the effect of three indices and the network topology for each candidate VAr source site. The proposed approach was tested on an MEE 30 bus system with satisfactory results.
{"title":"VAr pricing and control in the competitive market","authors":"J. Momoh","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043532","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given as follows. A price structure for providing reactive power service and control based on optimal power flow (OPF) approach is developed. The cost of reactive power support service is determined based on capability and contributions to the improvement of system performance such as security, reliability and economics, by computing sensitivity of objective function with respect to reactive power support. The OPF model, in which the objective function is minimization of system loss, is solved by the interior point approach. For VAr planning purpose, three parallel indices are first presented to determine the sites of new VAr sources, based on the cost-benefit analysis, the sensitivity method and the voltage security margin method. Then, the analytic hierarchical process is used to comprehensively consider the effect of three indices and the network topology for each candidate VAr source site. The proposed approach was tested on an MEE 30 bus system with satisfactory results.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131390584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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