Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043286
J. Slootweg, W. Kling
More and more wind turbines are made part of electrical power systems, in order to reduce the adverse environmental impact of conventional electrical power generation. To use efficiently regions with a good wind climate and to concentrate the visual impact of modem wind turbines at certain locations, a tendency to group turbines in wind farms can be observed. These wind farms are connected to high voltage transmission grids and thus directly influence the dynamic behavior of the electrical power system. To facilitate the investigation of the impact of a wind farm on the dynamics of the power system to which it is connected, an adequate model is required. In order to avoid the necessity of developing a detailed model of a wind farm with tens or hundreds of wind turbines and their interconnections, aggregated wind farm models are needed. A further advantage of aggregated models is a substantial reduction of computation time. In this paper, the development and specification of aggregated wind farm models is discussed.
{"title":"Modeling of large wind farms in power system simulations","authors":"J. Slootweg, W. Kling","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043286","url":null,"abstract":"More and more wind turbines are made part of electrical power systems, in order to reduce the adverse environmental impact of conventional electrical power generation. To use efficiently regions with a good wind climate and to concentrate the visual impact of modem wind turbines at certain locations, a tendency to group turbines in wind farms can be observed. These wind farms are connected to high voltage transmission grids and thus directly influence the dynamic behavior of the electrical power system. To facilitate the investigation of the impact of a wind farm on the dynamics of the power system to which it is connected, an adequate model is required. In order to avoid the necessity of developing a detailed model of a wind farm with tens or hundreds of wind turbines and their interconnections, aggregated wind farm models are needed. A further advantage of aggregated models is a substantial reduction of computation time. In this paper, the development and specification of aggregated wind farm models is discussed.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131542890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043550
R. Carbone, F. De Rosa, R. Langella, A. Sollazzo, A. Testa
Modelling of AC/DC/AC power conversion systems with PWM inverters is considered and a new model is presented and discussed. The new model is based on the modulation function theory and uses the iterative harmonic and interharmonic analysis (IHIA), taking advantage of a new inverter model. The proposed model can be applied successfully to adjustable speed drives (ASD) for asynchronous motors, achieving better modelling accuracy with respect to approaches based on simplified inverter modelling. It also allows sensible reduction of computational burdens with respect to the time domain models. For this reason, it constitutes an attractive tool inside Monte Carlo simulations for the probabilistic analysis of harmonic and interharmonic distortion. Numerical experiments demonstrate the good performances of the proposed method and the need of accounting for the presence of interharmonics for high power PWM drives.
{"title":"Modelling of AC/DC/AC conversion systems with PWM inverter","authors":"R. Carbone, F. De Rosa, R. Langella, A. Sollazzo, A. Testa","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043550","url":null,"abstract":"Modelling of AC/DC/AC power conversion systems with PWM inverters is considered and a new model is presented and discussed. The new model is based on the modulation function theory and uses the iterative harmonic and interharmonic analysis (IHIA), taking advantage of a new inverter model. The proposed model can be applied successfully to adjustable speed drives (ASD) for asynchronous motors, achieving better modelling accuracy with respect to approaches based on simplified inverter modelling. It also allows sensible reduction of computational burdens with respect to the time domain models. For this reason, it constitutes an attractive tool inside Monte Carlo simulations for the probabilistic analysis of harmonic and interharmonic distortion. Numerical experiments demonstrate the good performances of the proposed method and the need of accounting for the presence of interharmonics for high power PWM drives.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127824858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043645
Gaofeng Xiong, T. Hashiyama, S. Okuma
One of the most important issues for power suppliers in the deregulated electric industry is how to bid into the electricity auction market to satisfy their profit-maximizing goals. Based on the Q-Learning algorithm, this paper presents a novel supplier bidding strategy to maximize supplier's profit in a long term. A perfectly competitive day-ahead electricity auction market, where no supplier possess the market power and all suppliers winning the market are paid on their own bids, is assumed here. The dynamics and the incomplete information of the market are emphasized. The impact of suppliers' strategic biddings on the market price is analyzed. Agent-based simulations are presented in this paper. The simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed bidding strategy.
{"title":"An electricity supplier bidding strategy through Q-Learning","authors":"Gaofeng Xiong, T. Hashiyama, S. Okuma","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043645","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important issues for power suppliers in the deregulated electric industry is how to bid into the electricity auction market to satisfy their profit-maximizing goals. Based on the Q-Learning algorithm, this paper presents a novel supplier bidding strategy to maximize supplier's profit in a long term. A perfectly competitive day-ahead electricity auction market, where no supplier possess the market power and all suppliers winning the market are paid on their own bids, is assumed here. The dynamics and the incomplete information of the market are emphasized. The impact of suppliers' strategic biddings on the market price is analyzed. Agent-based simulations are presented in this paper. The simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed bidding strategy.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128087832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043247
T. McCoy
Since the 1980s there has been an explosion in the number and variety of electric propulsion ships being built around the world with everything from cruise liners to amphibious assault ships adopting electric propulsion. This technology revolution has occurred, largely un-noticed outside the marine industry. This paper briefly describes what has transpired in recent decades, why the resurgence is occurring and what the future may hold for electrically propelled ships.
{"title":"Trends in ship electric propulsion","authors":"T. McCoy","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043247","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1980s there has been an explosion in the number and variety of electric propulsion ships being built around the world with everything from cruise liners to amphibious assault ships adopting electric propulsion. This technology revolution has occurred, largely un-noticed outside the marine industry. This paper briefly describes what has transpired in recent decades, why the resurgence is occurring and what the future may hold for electrically propelled ships.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133207833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043433
G. Beaulieu, M. Bollen, S. Malgarotti, R. Ball
This paper gives an overview of the ongoing activities in CIGRE WG36-07: "Power quality indices and objectives". It introduces the considerations supporting the need for power quality indices and objectives in the present context of deregulation of the electricity industry. Experts generally agree on the need for standardized quality indices allowing to monitor and to report power quality in a common format. However, concerning quality objectives the need is more likely for different levels of quality that can match customers expectations and the price they are wilting to pay for electricity. Some practical limitations to voltage quality monitoring are also discussed. The status of the work within the working group is described for harmonics, flicker, unbalance and voltage dips.
{"title":"Power quality indices and objectives. Ongoing activities in CIGRE WG 36-07","authors":"G. Beaulieu, M. Bollen, S. Malgarotti, R. Ball","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043433","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives an overview of the ongoing activities in CIGRE WG36-07: \"Power quality indices and objectives\". It introduces the considerations supporting the need for power quality indices and objectives in the present context of deregulation of the electricity industry. Experts generally agree on the need for standardized quality indices allowing to monitor and to report power quality in a common format. However, concerning quality objectives the need is more likely for different levels of quality that can match customers expectations and the price they are wilting to pay for electricity. Some practical limitations to voltage quality monitoring are also discussed. The status of the work within the working group is described for harmonics, flicker, unbalance and voltage dips.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133449325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043296
B. R. Naik, R. Asche, S. Billings, H. Kohyama, H. Ito, H. Yamamoto
A controlled switching system (CSS) with an independent-pole-operated gas circuit breaker (GCB) was applied to a 121 kV-capacitor bank and tested in the field. Complete system performance checks have been conducted according to the CIGRE recommendations for evaluation tests. The compensation algorithm of minimizing the scatter of the switching instant as well as the practical approach of determining the optimum switching targets are proposed based on the GCB characteristics identified in the type tests. Any drifts in operating times that associated with the past operations and the idle time of the drives should be included in the compensation algorithm along with the variations of the operating times caused by the operating conditions. The drifts of the operating times caused by a number of consecutive operations can be compensated using an adaptive control, which can predict the operating time for the next operation based on several previous operations. Innovative operating mechanisms such as stable high-pressure hydraulic drives and low-friction spring drives have been developed and demonstrated to minimize the delay of the operating time after a long idle time. The proposed method of determining the optimum switching targets can be applied for the CSS and its effectiveness was demonstrated by the controlled switching tests. The paper also describes the design requirements and the results of the field performance tests in detail.
{"title":"Field verification of controlled switching GCB","authors":"B. R. Naik, R. Asche, S. Billings, H. Kohyama, H. Ito, H. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043296","url":null,"abstract":"A controlled switching system (CSS) with an independent-pole-operated gas circuit breaker (GCB) was applied to a 121 kV-capacitor bank and tested in the field. Complete system performance checks have been conducted according to the CIGRE recommendations for evaluation tests. The compensation algorithm of minimizing the scatter of the switching instant as well as the practical approach of determining the optimum switching targets are proposed based on the GCB characteristics identified in the type tests. Any drifts in operating times that associated with the past operations and the idle time of the drives should be included in the compensation algorithm along with the variations of the operating times caused by the operating conditions. The drifts of the operating times caused by a number of consecutive operations can be compensated using an adaptive control, which can predict the operating time for the next operation based on several previous operations. Innovative operating mechanisms such as stable high-pressure hydraulic drives and low-friction spring drives have been developed and demonstrated to minimize the delay of the operating time after a long idle time. The proposed method of determining the optimum switching targets can be applied for the CSS and its effectiveness was demonstrated by the controlled switching tests. The paper also describes the design requirements and the results of the field performance tests in detail.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133109048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043587
D. Morrow
Summary form only given, as follows. The American Transmission Company (ATC) is the first, multi-state, for profit transmission-only company in the United States. ATC believes in open wholesale electricity markets and, in fact, their corporate goal is to facilitate such markets in parts of Wisconsin, Michigan and Illinois. However, transmission reliability and security is also an equally high priority for ATC-especially in light of the tragic events on September 11, 2001. ATC believes that the information needs of an open market place need to be balanced against the need for a safe, secure national electric system. This presentation explores the tension that exists and discusses possible ways to satisfy both goals.
{"title":"The balance between open wholesale markets and national security","authors":"D. Morrow","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043587","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given, as follows. The American Transmission Company (ATC) is the first, multi-state, for profit transmission-only company in the United States. ATC believes in open wholesale electricity markets and, in fact, their corporate goal is to facilitate such markets in parts of Wisconsin, Michigan and Illinois. However, transmission reliability and security is also an equally high priority for ATC-especially in light of the tragic events on September 11, 2001. ATC believes that the information needs of an open market place need to be balanced against the need for a safe, secure national electric system. This presentation explores the tension that exists and discusses possible ways to satisfy both goals.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134114458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043262
Su Bin, Dong Xinzhou, Sun Yuan-zhang, Z. Bo, H. Jiali
This paper presents a high-speed directional relay for the directional-comparison protection of EHV transmission lines using the power frequency fault components. The relay calculates the compensated voltage and the reference voltage firstly, then the direction of a fault will be determined by comparing the magnitudes of these two voltages. This relay possesses good performance, such as high sensitivity and fast action under various system and fault conditions. A 500 kV transmission system is modeled by EMTP. Simulation results show that the high-speed directional relay is sensible and reliable under different system configurations and fault conditions.
{"title":"New principle of high-speed directional relay","authors":"Su Bin, Dong Xinzhou, Sun Yuan-zhang, Z. Bo, H. Jiali","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043262","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a high-speed directional relay for the directional-comparison protection of EHV transmission lines using the power frequency fault components. The relay calculates the compensated voltage and the reference voltage firstly, then the direction of a fault will be determined by comparing the magnitudes of these two voltages. This relay possesses good performance, such as high sensitivity and fast action under various system and fault conditions. A 500 kV transmission system is modeled by EMTP. Simulation results show that the high-speed directional relay is sensible and reliable under different system configurations and fault conditions.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114374507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043257
M. Hoffman, T. Oliver
This presentation takes a look at what the electric utility system of ten years from now is likely to be. This concept is similar in approach to the way that European utilities such as EWE, SWK and EA Technologies of the UK are implementing or advocating. The definition of the Energy Web is, the integration of the utility electrical system, telecommunications system, and the energy market to optimize loads on the electrical network, reduce costs to consumers and utilities, facilitate the integration of renewable resources, increase electrical system reliability and reduce environmental impacts of load growth.
{"title":"Energy Web: potential impacts on utility operations","authors":"M. Hoffman, T. Oliver","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043257","url":null,"abstract":"This presentation takes a look at what the electric utility system of ten years from now is likely to be. This concept is similar in approach to the way that European utilities such as EWE, SWK and EA Technologies of the UK are implementing or advocating. The definition of the Energy Web is, the integration of the utility electrical system, telecommunications system, and the energy market to optimize loads on the electrical network, reduce costs to consumers and utilities, facilitate the integration of renewable resources, increase electrical system reliability and reduce environmental impacts of load growth.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114469537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2002.1043455
A. Ozdemir, J.Y. Lim, C. Singh
This paper presents genetic algorithm based post-outage voltage calculations and screening for transmission line and transformer outages. Deficiencies of the traditional sensitivity based (linear) methods are overcome by formulation of a line outage as nonlinear constrained optimization problem for a bounded network. The proposed optimization problem is later solved for bounded network variables by genetic algorithms. The accuracy of the method is tested on the IEEE 57-bus test systems. The results are compared with those obtained by a full load flow to verify the strength of the paper.
{"title":"Contingency screening for steady state security analysis by using genetic algorithms","authors":"A. Ozdemir, J.Y. Lim, C. Singh","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2002.1043455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2002.1043455","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents genetic algorithm based post-outage voltage calculations and screening for transmission line and transformer outages. Deficiencies of the traditional sensitivity based (linear) methods are overcome by formulation of a line outage as nonlinear constrained optimization problem for a bounded network. The proposed optimization problem is later solved for bounded network variables by genetic algorithms. The accuracy of the method is tested on the IEEE 57-bus test systems. The results are compared with those obtained by a full load flow to verify the strength of the paper.","PeriodicalId":117177,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130127961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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