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2019 International Conference on Cyberworlds (CW)最新文献

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Visual Assessment of Distorted View for Metamorphopsia Patient by Interactive Line Manipulation 交互式线操作对变形视的视觉评价
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00038
Hiromichi Ichige, M. Toyoura, K. Go, K. Kashiwagi, I. Fujishiro, Xiaoyang Mao
The number of individuals with Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is rapidly increasing. One of the main symptoms of AMD is "metamorphopsia," or distorted vision, which not only makes it difficult for individuals with AMD to do detailed-oriented tasks but also makes sufferers more vulnerable to certain risks in day-to-day life. Traditional clinical approaches to assess metamorphopsia have lacked mechanisms for quantifying the degree of distortion in space, making it impossible to know exactly how individuals with the condition see things. This paper proposes a new method for quantifying distortion in space and visualizing AMD patients' distorted views via line manipulation. By visualizing the distorted views stemming from metamorphopsia, the method gives doctors and others an intuitive picture of how patients see the world and thereby enables a broad range of options for treatment and support.
与年龄相关的黄斑变性(AMD)的个体数量正在迅速增加。老年性黄斑变性的主要症状之一是“变形视”,即视力扭曲,这不仅使老年性黄斑变性患者难以完成具体的任务,而且使患者在日常生活中更容易受到某些风险的影响。评估变形视的传统临床方法缺乏量化空间扭曲程度的机制,因此不可能确切知道患有这种疾病的人是如何看待事物的。本文提出了一种量化空间扭曲的新方法,并通过行操作将AMD患者的扭曲视图可视化。通过将变形症产生的扭曲观点可视化,该方法使医生和其他人直观地了解患者如何看待世界,从而为治疗和支持提供了广泛的选择。
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引用次数: 2
ParaVR: Paramedic Virtual Reality Training Simulator ParaVR:护理人员虚拟现实训练模拟器
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00012
N. Vaughan, N. John, N. Rees
This research project developed a Virtual Reality (VR) training simulator for paramedic procedures. Currently needle cricothyroidotomy and chest drain are modelled, which could form part of a larger system for training paramedics with VR in various other procedures. The simulator incorporates a number of advanced VR technologies including Oculus Rift and haptic feedback. We have gained input and feedback from NHS paramedics and several related organisation to design the system and provide feedback and evaluation of the preliminary working prototype.
本研究项目为护理人员程序开发了虚拟现实(VR)训练模拟器。目前,环状甲状腺针管切开术和胸腔引流术都是模拟的,这可能成为一个更大的系统的一部分,用于培训护理人员在各种其他程序中使用VR。该模拟器融合了许多先进的VR技术,包括Oculus Rift和触觉反馈。我们已经从NHS护理人员和几个相关组织获得了输入和反馈,以设计系统,并对初步工作原型提供反馈和评估。
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引用次数: 12
Semi-Automatic Creation of an Anime-Like 3D Face Model from a Single Illustration 从单个插图半自动创建一个类似动画的3D面部模型
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00017
T. Niki, T. Komuro
In this paper, we propose a method for semi-automatically creating an anime-like 3D face model from a single illustration. In the proposed method, principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to existing anime-like 3D models to obtain base models for generating natural 3D models. To align the dimensions of the data and make geometric correspondence, a template model is deformed using a modified Nonrigid Iterative Closest Point (NICP) method. Then, the coefficients of the linear combination of the base models are estimated by minimizing the difference between the rendered image of the 3D model with the coefficients and the input illustration using edge-based matching. We confirmed that our method was able to generate a natural anime-like 3D face models which has similar eye and face shapes to those of the input illustration.
在本文中,我们提出了一种从单个插图半自动创建类似动画的3D人脸模型的方法。该方法将主成分分析(PCA)应用于已有的类动画三维模型,获得生成自然三维模型的基础模型。采用改进的非刚性迭代最近点(NICP)方法对模板模型进行变形,使数据的尺寸对齐并使其几何对应。然后,利用基于边缘的匹配,通过最小化带有系数的三维模型渲染图像与输入插图之间的差异来估计基本模型线性组合的系数。我们证实,我们的方法能够生成一个自然的类似动画的3D面部模型,其眼睛和面部形状与输入插图相似。
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引用次数: 4
Detection Defect in Printed Circuit Boards using Unsupervised Feature Extraction Upon Transfer Learning 基于迁移学习的无监督特征提取检测印刷电路板缺陷
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00025
I. Volkau, A. Mujeeb, Wenting Dai, Marius Erdt, A. Sourin
Automatic optical inspection for manufacturing traditionally was based on computer vision. However, there are emerging attempts to do it using deep learning approach. Deep convolutional neural network allows to learn semantic image features which could be used for defect detection in products. In contrast to the existing approaches where supervised or semi-supervised training is done on thousands of images of defects, we investigate whether unsupervised deep learning model for defect detection could be trained with orders of magnitude smaller amount of representative defect-free samples (tenths rather than thousands). This research is motivated by the fact that collection of large amounts of defective samples is difficult and expensive. Our model undergoes only one-class training and aims to extract distinctive semantic features from the normal samples in an unsupervised manner. We propose a variant of transfer learning, that consists of combination of unsupervised learning used upon VGG16 with pre-trained on ImageNet weight coefficients. To demonstrate a defect detection, we used a set of Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) with different types of defects - scratch, missing washer/extra hole, abrasion, broken PCB edge. The trained model allows us to make clusters of normal internal representations of features of PCB in high-dimensional feature space, and to localize defective patches in PCB image based on distance from normal clusters. Initial results show that more than 90% of defects were detected.
传统的制造业自动光学检测是基于计算机视觉的。然而,有一些新兴的尝试使用深度学习方法来做到这一点。深度卷积神经网络可以学习语义图像特征,用于产品缺陷检测。与现有的对数千个缺陷图像进行监督或半监督训练的方法相反,我们研究了用于缺陷检测的无监督深度学习模型是否可以用数量级较小的代表性无缺陷样本(十分之一而不是数千)进行训练。这项研究的动机是收集大量有缺陷的样品既困难又昂贵。我们的模型只经过一个类的训练,旨在以无监督的方式从正常样本中提取出独特的语义特征。我们提出了一种迁移学习的变体,它结合了在VGG16上使用的无监督学习和在ImageNet上预训练的权系数。为了演示缺陷检测,我们使用了一组具有不同类型缺陷的印刷电路板(PCB) -划伤,缺少垫圈/额外孔,磨损,PCB边缘破损。训练后的模型允许我们在高维特征空间中对PCB特征的正常内部表示进行聚类,并基于与正常聚类的距离来定位PCB图像中的缺陷补丁。初步结果表明,90%以上的缺陷被检测出来。
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引用次数: 19
Vulnerability of Adaptive Strategies of Keystroke Dynamics Based Authentication Against Different Attack Types 基于击键动力学的自适应认证策略对不同攻击类型的漏洞分析
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00052
Abir Mhenni, Denis Migdal, E. Cherrier, C. Rosenberger, N. Amara
The attacks considered for keystroke dynamics study especially adaptive strategies have commonly treated impersonation attempts known as zero-effort attacks. These attacks are generally the acquisition of other users of the same database while typing the same password without intending to impersonate the genuine user account. To deal with more realistic scenarios, we are interested in this paper to study the robustness of an adaptive strategy against four types of imposter attacks: zero-effort, spoof, playback and synthetic applied to the WEBGREYC database. Experimental results show that 1) playback and synthetic attacks are the most dangerous and increase the EER rates compared to the other attacks; 2) we also find that the impact of these attacks is more pronounced when the percentages of imposter samples are greater than those of genuine ones; 3) the spoof attacks achieve alarmingly higher FMR, FNMR, and EER rates compared to zero-effort impostor attacks; 4) FMR, FNMR, and EER are higher when the percentage of attacks increases; 5) the attacks belonging to the same user are more dangerous than those of different users in particular when the percentage of the attacks increases. In light of our results, we point out that the traditional attacks considered in research on keystroke-based authentication must evolve according to the evolution of the attacks of nowadays password-based applications.
用于击键动力学研究的攻击,特别是自适应策略,通常处理冒充尝试,称为零努力攻击。这些攻击通常是在输入相同密码的情况下获取同一数据库的其他用户,而不打算冒充真正的用户帐户。为了处理更现实的场景,我们在本文中有兴趣研究自适应策略对四种类型的冒名顶替攻击的鲁棒性:零努力,欺骗,播放和合成应用于WEBGREYC数据库。实验结果表明:1)重放攻击和合成攻击是最危险的攻击,与其他攻击相比,它们能提高误码率;2)我们还发现,当冒名顶替样本的百分比大于真实样本的百分比时,这些攻击的影响更为明显;3)与零努力的冒名顶替攻击相比,欺骗攻击实现了惊人的更高的FMR, FNMR和EER率;4) FMR、FNMR和EER随着攻击百分比的增加而增加;5)同一用户的攻击比不同用户的攻击更危险,特别是当攻击的百分比增加时。根据我们的研究结果,我们指出在基于按键的认证研究中考虑的传统攻击必须随着当今基于密码的应用攻击的发展而发展。
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引用次数: 6
Combining Tendon Vibration and Visual Stimulation Enhances Kinesthetic Illusions 结合肌腱振动和视觉刺激增强动觉错觉
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00029
Daiki Hagimori, N. Isoyama, Shunsuke Yoshimoto, Nobuchika Sakata, K. Kiyokawa
In recent years, human augmentation has attracted much attention. One type of human augmentation, motion augmentation makes perceived motion larger than in reality, and it can be used for a variety of applications such as rehabilitation of motor functions of stroke patients and a more realistic experience in virtual reality (VR) such as redirected walking (RDW). However, as augmented motion becomes larger than the real motion, a variety of senses that accompany will be more inconsistent with those perceived from somatic sensations, which will cause a severe sense of discomfort. To address the problem, we focus on kinesthetic illusions that are psychological phenomena where a person feels as if his or her own body is moving. Kinesthetic illusions are expected to fill the gap between the intended augmented motion and perceived physical motion. However, it has not been explored if and how large kinesthetic illusions are produced while a user is moving their limbs voluntarily in VR. To expand the knowledge on kinesthetic illusions, we have conducted two user studies on the impact of tendon vibration and visual stimuli on kinesthetic illusions. First experiment confirmed that the perceived elbow angle becomes larger than the actual angle when presented with tendon vibration. Second experiment revealed that the increase of the perceived elbow angle was about 20 degrees when both tendon vibration and visual stimuli were presented whereas it was about 10 degrees when only visual stimuli were presented. Through these experiments, it has been confirmed that combining tendon vibration and visual stimulation enhances kinesthetic illusions.
近年来,人体增强术引起了人们的广泛关注。作为人体增强的一种,运动增强使感知到的运动比现实中更大,它可以用于各种应用,如中风患者的运动功能康复,以及在虚拟现实(VR)中更真实的体验,如重定向行走(RDW)。然而,当增强运动比真实运动更大时,伴随的各种感觉将与躯体感觉所感知到的更不一致,这将导致严重的不适感。为了解决这个问题,我们专注于动觉错觉,这是一种心理现象,人们感觉自己的身体在运动。动觉错觉有望填补预期增强运动和感知物理运动之间的空白。然而,目前还没有研究用户在虚拟现实中自主移动四肢时是否会产生大的动觉错觉,以及产生多大的错觉。为了扩大对动觉错觉的认识,我们进行了两项关于肌腱振动和视觉刺激对动觉错觉影响的用户研究。首先,实验证实,当肌腱振动时,肘关节的感知角度大于实际角度。实验结果表明,在有视觉刺激和肌腱振动的情况下,肘关节的感知角度增加了约20度,而在只有视觉刺激的情况下,肘关节的感知角度增加了约10度。通过这些实验,证实了肌腱振动和视觉刺激相结合可以增强动觉错觉。
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引用次数: 8
Epileptic Seizure Detection from EEG Signals Using Multiband Features with Feedforward Neural Network 基于前馈神经网络的多频带特征脑电信号癫痫发作检测
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00046
Kazi Mahmudul Hassan, M. Islam, Toshihisa Tanaka, M. I. Molla
Electroencephalography (EEG) is considered as a potential tool for diagnosis of epilepsy in clinical applications. Epileptic seizures occur irregularly and unpredictably. Its automatic detection in EEG recordings is highly demanding. In this work, multiband features are used to detect seizure with feedforward neural network (FfNN). The EEG signal is segmented into epochs of short duration and each epoch is decomposed into a number of subbands using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Three features namely ellipse area of second-order difference plot, coefficient of variation and fluctuation index are computed from each subband signal. The features obtained from all subbands are combined to construct the feature vector. The FfNN is trained using the derived feature vector and seizure detection is performed with test data. The experiment is performed with publicly available dataset to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show the superiority of this method compared to the recently developed algorithms.
脑电图(EEG)在临床上被认为是一种潜在的癫痫诊断工具。癫痫发作是不规律和不可预测的。在脑电记录中对其自动检测要求很高。本研究利用前馈神经网络(FfNN)的多波段特征来检测癫痫发作。利用离散小波变换(DWT)将脑电信号分割成短持续时间的多个历元,并将每个历元分解为多个子带。从每个子带信号中计算二阶差分图的椭圆面积、变异系数和波动指数三个特征。将所有子带得到的特征组合起来构成特征向量。FfNN使用衍生的特征向量进行训练,并使用测试数据进行癫痫检测。实验是在公开可用的数据集上进行的,以评估所提出方法的性能。实验结果表明,该方法与目前开发的算法相比具有优越性。
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引用次数: 13
Social Computing and Older Adults: Challenges with Data Loss and Digital Legacies 社会计算和老年人:数据丢失和数字遗产的挑战
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00035
D. Dissanayake, David M. Cook
The inability to recognise the value of data in the form of digital objects and digital assets held in virtual social environments amplifies the data loss legacy challenges for older adults. This study examines the data storage and transfer issues that arise when people pass away. Older people experience data loss when they engage with social digital environments. Social computing has different legacy practices for the transfer and mobility of digital assets to physical assets. Recognizing the value of digital assets in their monetary, historical, sentimental, and legal characteristics is critical to the reduction of unnecessary data loss under legacy conditions.
无法识别虚拟社会环境中以数字对象和数字资产形式存在的数据的价值,加剧了老年人面临的数据丢失遗产挑战。这项研究考察了人们去世后出现的数据存储和传输问题。老年人在参与社交数字环境时会经历数据丢失。对于数字资产到物理资产的转移和移动,社会计算具有不同的遗留实践。认识到数字资产在货币、历史、情感和法律特征方面的价值,对于减少遗留条件下不必要的数据丢失至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
EEG-Based Cross-Subject Mental Fatigue Recognition 基于脑电图的跨主体精神疲劳识别
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00048
Yisi Liu, Zirui Lan, Jian Cui, O. Sourina, W. Müller-Wittig
Mental fatigue is common at work places, and it can lead to decreased attention, vigilance and cognitive performance, which is dangerous in the situations such as driving, vessel maneuvering, etc. By directly measuring the neurophysiological activities happening in the brain, electroencephalography (EEG) signal can be used as a good indicator of mental fatigue. A classic EEG-based brain state recognition system requires labeled data from the user to calibrate the classifier each time before the use. For fatigue recognition, we argue that it is not practical to do so since the induction of fatigue state is usually long and weary. It is desired that the system can be calibrated using readily available fatigue data, and be applied to a new user with adequate recognition accuracy. In this paper, we explore performance of cross-subject fatigue recognition algorithms using the recently published EEG dataset labeled with two levels of fatigue. We evaluate three categories of classification method: classic classifier such as logistic regression, transfer learning-enabled classifier using transfer component analysis, and deep-learning based classifier such as EEGNet. Our results show that transfer learning-enabled classifier can outperform the other two for cross-subject fatigue recognition on a consistent basis. Specifically, transfer component analysis (TCA) improves the cross-subject recognition accuracy to 72.70 % that is higher than using just logistic regression (LR) by 9.08 % and EEGNet by 8.72 - 12.86 %.
精神疲劳在工作场所很常见,它会导致注意力、警惕性和认知能力下降,这在驾驶、操纵船只等情况下是危险的。脑电图(EEG)信号通过直接测量大脑中发生的神经生理活动,可以作为精神疲劳的良好指标。一个经典的基于脑电图的大脑状态识别系统需要用户的标记数据来校准每次使用前的分类器。对于疲劳识别,我们认为这样做是不现实的,因为疲劳状态的诱导通常是漫长和疲劳的。期望该系统可以使用现成的疲劳数据进行校准,并以足够的识别精度应用于新用户。在本文中,我们使用最近发表的标记有两个级别疲劳的EEG数据集来探索跨主题疲劳识别算法的性能。我们评估了三类分类方法:经典分类器,如逻辑回归,使用迁移成分分析的迁移学习分类器,以及基于深度学习的分类器,如EEGNet。我们的研究结果表明,迁移学习分类器在跨主题疲劳识别方面的表现优于其他两种分类器。具体来说,转移成分分析(TCA)将跨主题识别准确率提高到72.70%,比仅使用逻辑回归(LR)提高9.08%,比使用EEGNet提高8.72 - 12.86%。
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引用次数: 24
My Behavior is my Privacy & Secure Password ! 我的行为是我的隐私和安全密码!
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CW.2019.00056
Denis Migdal, C. Rosenberger
Many studies propose strong user authentication based on biometric modalities. However, they often either, assume a trusted component, are modality-dependant, use only one biometric modality, are reversible, or does not enable the service to adapt the security on-the-fly. A recent work introduced the concept of Personal Identity Code Respecting Privacy (PICRP), a non-cryptographic and non-reversible signature computed from any arbitrary information. In this paper, we extend this concept with the use of Keystroke Dynamics, IP and GPS geo-location by optimizing the pre-processing and merging of collected information. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach through experimental results and we present an example of its usage.
许多研究提出了基于生物识别模式的强用户认证。然而,它们通常要么假设一个受信任的组件,要么依赖于模式,要么只使用一种生物识别模式,要么是可逆的,要么不允许服务动态地适应安全性。最近的一项工作引入了尊重隐私的个人身份码(PICRP)的概念,这是一种从任何任意信息计算出来的非加密和不可逆转的签名。在本文中,我们通过优化收集信息的预处理和合并,使用击键动力学,IP和GPS地理定位扩展了这一概念。通过实验结果验证了该方法的有效性,并给出了一个应用实例。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2019 International Conference on Cyberworlds (CW)
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