Species of the aphid genus Metanipponaphis (Hormaphidinae: Nipponaphidini) form galls on Distylium racemosum and migrate to Castanopsis trees. Japanese species of Metanipponaphis and its allied genera were revised based on molecular phylogenetic analyses. The genera Monzenia and Lithoaphis were united with Metanipponaphis, and Metanipponaphis was adopted as the valid name for the genus. Neonipponaphis shiiae was found belonging to another clade containing Nipponaphis species. The gall or primary-host generation of M. shiicola was recorded for the first time. Little difference was found in their nucleotide sequences between M. cuspidatae, a host-alternating species, and M. ihai, a monoecious species on D. racemosum. The molecular phylogenetic analyses also showed that the monoecious M. globuli is a sister species of the host-alternating M. shiicola. The taxonomy and biology of six Metanipponaphis species and N. shiiae were reviewed, with keys to the species based on the apterous adults and first-instar nymphs on Castanopsis spp.
{"title":"Revision of the Japanese species of Metanipponaphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its allied genera","authors":"Shigeyuki Aoki, Utako Kurosu, Takema Fukatsu, Hsin-Ting Yeh, Mayako Kutsukake","doi":"10.1111/ens.12478","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species of the aphid genus <i>Metanipponaphis</i> (Hormaphidinae: Nipponaphidini) form galls on <i>Distylium racemosum</i> and migrate to <i>Castanopsis</i> trees. Japanese species of <i>Metanipponaphis</i> and its allied genera were revised based on molecular phylogenetic analyses. The genera <i>Monzenia</i> and <i>Lithoaphis</i> were united with <i>Metanipponaphis</i>, and <i>Metanipponaphis</i> was adopted as the valid name for the genus. <i>Neonipponaphis shiiae</i> was found belonging to another clade containing <i>Nipponaphis</i> species. The gall or primary-host generation of <i>M. shiicola</i> was recorded for the first time. Little difference was found in their nucleotide sequences between <i>M. cuspidatae</i>, a host-alternating species, and <i>M. ihai</i>, a monoecious species on <i>D. racemosum</i>. The molecular phylogenetic analyses also showed that the monoecious <i>M. globuli</i> is a sister species of the host-alternating <i>M. shiicola</i>. The taxonomy and biology of six <i>Metanipponaphis</i> species and <i>N. shiiae</i> were reviewed, with keys to the species based on the apterous adults and first-instar nymphs on <i>Castanopsis</i> spp.</p>","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ens.12478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46872100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two species of Cystiphora (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are newly recorded from Japan. A gall midge that induces leaf galls on Taraxacum species (Asteraceae) is identified as Cystiphora taraxaci (Kieffer). Another gall midge that is responsible for leaf galls on Sonchus brachyotus (Asteraceae) is described as a new species under the name Cystiphora hachijounae Yukawa and Kim based on its incised hypoproct of male terminalia and some of the pupal characteristics. Genetic analysis supported the species identifications and indicated that the Palearctic C. taraxaci has long existed in Japan. It has been diversifying geographically into intraspecific populations since at least 2.57 Ma. Our current study argues against the recent invasion of Japan by alien C. taraxaci at the time of multiple introductions of European Taraxacum species to Japan for use as food (seed oil), forage and greening material during the late 19th century. Genetic analysis of gall-bearing Taraxacum plants collected from various localities in Japan indicates that most of them were alien or hybrid plants, while native Japanese species were rare, and these plants exhibited polyploidy from 2x to 5x. Cystiphora taraxaci is considered to have expanded its host range from native Japanese to alien and hybrid species of Taraxacum without regard to polyploidy.
{"title":"A new and a described species of Cystiphora (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Japan, with reference to geographically diversified intraspecific populations of C. taraxaci and its host range expansion from native Japanese to alien and hybrid species of Taraxacum (Asteraceae)","authors":"Junichi Yukawa, Wanggyu Kim, Takako Nishino, Tsuneo Minami, Satoshi Yamauchi, Makoto Ogawa, Kenji Ohara","doi":"10.1111/ens.12480","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12480","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two species of <i>Cystiphora</i> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are newly recorded from Japan. A gall midge that induces leaf galls on <i>Taraxacum</i> species (Asteraceae) is identified as <i>Cystiphora taraxaci</i> (Kieffer). Another gall midge that is responsible for leaf galls on <i>Sonchus brachyotus</i> (Asteraceae) is described as a new species under the name <i>Cystiphora hachijounae</i> Yukawa and Kim based on its incised hypoproct of male terminalia and some of the pupal characteristics. Genetic analysis supported the species identifications and indicated that the Palearctic <i>C. taraxaci</i> has long existed in Japan. It has been diversifying geographically into intraspecific populations since at least 2.57 Ma. Our current study argues against the recent invasion of Japan by alien <i>C. taraxaci</i> at the time of multiple introductions of European <i>Taraxacum</i> species to Japan for use as food (seed oil), forage and greening material during the late 19th century. Genetic analysis of gall-bearing <i>Taraxacum</i> plants collected from various localities in Japan indicates that most of them were alien or hybrid plants, while native Japanese species were rare, and these plants exhibited polyploidy from 2x to 5x. <i>Cystiphora taraxaci</i> is considered to have expanded its host range from native Japanese to alien and hybrid species of <i>Taraxacum</i> without regard to polyploidy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ens.12480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43173313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julio Eiroa, Daniel X. Sabucedo, Gonzalo Mucientes
Dytiscids prey on a variety of items including other invertebrates but also larger prey such as frogs and fish. However, there have been no reports concerning predation on caudata adults by larvae of dytiscids. In this paper, we describe a predation event by a larva of diving beetles of the species Dytiscus marginalis Linnaeus, 1758 on an adult Iberian newt Lissotriton boscai (Lataste, 1879). This report represents the first observation of hunting behavior of larvae of diving beetles preying on a living post-metamorphic newt.
{"title":"Field observation of hunting behavior by larva and adult of diving beetle Dytiscus marginalis Linnaeus, 1758 preying on Lissotriton boscai (Lataste, 1879)","authors":"Julio Eiroa, Daniel X. Sabucedo, Gonzalo Mucientes","doi":"10.1111/ens.12481","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12481","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dytiscids prey on a variety of items including other invertebrates but also larger prey such as frogs and fish. However, there have been no reports concerning predation on caudata adults by larvae of dytiscids. In this paper, we describe a predation event by a larva of diving beetles of the species <i>Dytiscus marginalis</i> Linnaeus, 1758 on an adult Iberian newt <i>Lissotriton boscai</i> (Lataste, 1879). This report represents the first observation of hunting behavior of larvae of diving beetles preying on a living post-metamorphic newt.</p>","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42391731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}