Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1563666
S. Patel, Paresh Chavda, S. Tyagi
Abstract Groundwater is an important component of an eco-system fulfilling necessities of life. Continuous tapping of groundwater to meet rapidly growing demand has not only led to decline of water table levels but has also significantly deteriorated the quality of groundwater. This article aims at assessing the groundwater quality of Bhavanagar district; for which 87 sources across the district were monitored for both the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively, during a period from April 2017 to February 2018. The physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater were compared with Indian Standards for drinking water to assess the suitability of the groundwater for drinking purpose.
{"title":"Carrying Out Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Villages of Bhavnagar District of Gujarat, India","authors":"S. Patel, Paresh Chavda, S. Tyagi","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1563666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1563666","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Groundwater is an important component of an eco-system fulfilling necessities of life. Continuous tapping of groundwater to meet rapidly growing demand has not only led to decline of water table levels but has also significantly deteriorated the quality of groundwater. This article aims at assessing the groundwater quality of Bhavanagar district; for which 87 sources across the district were monitored for both the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively, during a period from April 2017 to February 2018. The physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater were compared with Indian Standards for drinking water to assess the suitability of the groundwater for drinking purpose.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"79 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1563666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45867414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1519315
Mamta, R. Rao, K. Wani
Abstract In recognition of the potential risks that certain chemicals pose to aquatic ecosystems and human health as well as the lack of information regarding the levels of such compounds, the present study analyzed the status of different organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in wetland ecosystems of the world. With the goal of helping to achieve sustainability in wetland ecosystems, this study attempts to provide data on pesticide usage and presence in water, sediments and organisms, along with the awareness within affected farming communities.
{"title":"Status of Organochlorine and Organophosphorus Pesticides in Wetlands and Its Impact on Aquatic Organisms","authors":"Mamta, R. Rao, K. Wani","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1519315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1519315","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recognition of the potential risks that certain chemicals pose to aquatic ecosystems and human health as well as the lack of information regarding the levels of such compounds, the present study analyzed the status of different organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in wetland ecosystems of the world. With the goal of helping to achieve sustainability in wetland ecosystems, this study attempts to provide data on pesticide usage and presence in water, sediments and organisms, along with the awareness within affected farming communities.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"44 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1519315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41421181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1543825
P. Kumari, A. Kaur, N. Gupta
Abstract The leachate and groundwater samples were collected from the 2 km radius of Ghazipur landfill site. The high levels of EC, TDS, Chloride, Nitrate, Sodium, Potassium, BOD, and COD were observed in the leachate and groundwater samples. In leachate, metal concentrations were found in the order as – Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd. In groundwater, Zn, Ni, and Cu ranged as 0–0.386 mg/l, 0–0.013 mg/l, and 0–0.027 mg/l, respectively whereas Cd, Cr, and Pb were found in trace amount. The study clearly indicates that the percolation of leachate from the landfill site results in the contamination of groundwater of the surrounding area.
{"title":"Extent of Groundwater Contamination Due to Leachate Migration Adjacent to Unlined Landfill Site of Delhi","authors":"P. Kumari, A. Kaur, N. Gupta","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1543825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1543825","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The leachate and groundwater samples were collected from the 2 km radius of Ghazipur landfill site. The high levels of EC, TDS, Chloride, Nitrate, Sodium, Potassium, BOD, and COD were observed in the leachate and groundwater samples. In leachate, metal concentrations were found in the order as – Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd. In groundwater, Zn, Ni, and Cu ranged as 0–0.386 mg/l, 0–0.013 mg/l, and 0–0.027 mg/l, respectively whereas Cd, Cr, and Pb were found in trace amount. The study clearly indicates that the percolation of leachate from the landfill site results in the contamination of groundwater of the surrounding area.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"160 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1543825","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49046846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-05DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1507508
Banwari Dandotiya, N. Jadon, H. K. Sharma
Abstract This study offers a complete urban air assessment taking into account the weather conditions and pollution sources. An assessment of meteorological conditions affecting the air quality and correlation among concentrations of pollutants and meteorological factors was done. The correlation between temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide concentrations was studied separately from the analysis of the monthly concentrations of these gaseous pollutants. Four urban areas of Gwalior were selected for this study to represent the city. For sampling and assessment, the guidelines of central pollution control board India were followed.
{"title":"Effects of Meteorological Parameters on Gaseous Air Pollutant Concentrations in Urban Area of Gwalior City, India","authors":"Banwari Dandotiya, N. Jadon, H. K. Sharma","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1507508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1507508","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study offers a complete urban air assessment taking into account the weather conditions and pollution sources. An assessment of meteorological conditions affecting the air quality and correlation among concentrations of pollutants and meteorological factors was done. The correlation between temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide concentrations was studied separately from the analysis of the monthly concentrations of these gaseous pollutants. Four urban areas of Gwalior were selected for this study to represent the city. For sampling and assessment, the guidelines of central pollution control board India were followed.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"32 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1507508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48184938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-17DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1525025
Anchal Garg, N. Gupta, S. Tyagi
Abstract Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) have been classified as hazardous air pollutants and cause serious effects on human health. In this study, BTEX sampling was conducted during March 2018 and the concentrations were analyzed using GC-FID. The BTEX emissions exhibited a diurnal pattern with a peak in the evening followed by in morning due to rush hours of traffic. The study suggests that the high density of vehicles and traffic on road is responsible for higher emission of BTEX that affects the health of daily commuters and also the people residing near the roadside area in East Delhi.
{"title":"Levels of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene near a Traffic-Congested Area of East Delhi","authors":"Anchal Garg, N. Gupta, S. Tyagi","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1525025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1525025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) have been classified as hazardous air pollutants and cause serious effects on human health. In this study, BTEX sampling was conducted during March 2018 and the concentrations were analyzed using GC-FID. The BTEX emissions exhibited a diurnal pattern with a peak in the evening followed by in morning due to rush hours of traffic. The study suggests that the high density of vehicles and traffic on road is responsible for higher emission of BTEX that affects the health of daily commuters and also the people residing near the roadside area in East Delhi.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"15 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1525025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43265494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1511095
Robert D. Chesler
Abstract Recent New York and New Jersey cases have taken different positions on allocating environmental loss that takes place over many years. Thus, choice of law and forum become important issues for obtaining a particular result. The allocation of loss among insurers, and back to the policyholder for certain years, is at stake. This article explores the findings in two most recent examples of 2018 cases, KeySpan v. Munich Reinsurance and Continental Insurance Co. v. Honeywell International, Inc.
{"title":"KeySpan, Honeywell and the Primacy of Choice of Law in Environmental Insurance Coverage Disputes","authors":"Robert D. Chesler","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1511095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1511095","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent New York and New Jersey cases have taken different positions on allocating environmental loss that takes place over many years. Thus, choice of law and forum become important issues for obtaining a particular result. The allocation of loss among insurers, and back to the policyholder for certain years, is at stake. This article explores the findings in two most recent examples of 2018 cases, KeySpan v. Munich Reinsurance and Continental Insurance Co. v. Honeywell International, Inc.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"347 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1511095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45726474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1504380
Khursheed Ahmad Wani, L. Ariana
Abstract With a long history and deep connection to the Earth’s resources, indigenous peoples have an intimate understanding and ability to observe the impacts linked to climate change. Traditional ecological knowledge and tribal experience play a key role in developing future scientific solutions for adaptation to the impacts. This review explores climate-related issues for indigenous communities in the world, including loss of traditional knowledge, forests and ecosystems, food security and traditional foods, as well as water, Arctic sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and relocation. Until the 21st century, indigenous peoples were viewed as victims of the effects of climate change, rather than as agents of environmental conservation. Representatives of indigenous peoples have in fact since 2008 been actively seeking a role in contributing to combating climate change through their participation in international environmental conferences, as well as by means of activism and political engagement at local and national levels. Using examples from the Amazonian region in the east of Ecuador, home to indigenous communities such as the Huaorani, Sápara and Sarayaku Kichwa origin peoples, this article argues that indigenous peoples, particularly forest dwellers, have a dual role in combating climate change. Over the years Bajo tribe have made adaptive mechanisms to cope with climate change. In the last 10 years indigenous peoples representatives have been collectively engaged in lobbying for inclusion in intergovernmental climate change negotiations and to have decision-making power at the United Nations. This article is an attempt to review the role of indigenous people in climate change and their adaptive mechanisms.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Indigenous People and Adaptive Capacity of Bajo Tribe, Indonesia","authors":"Khursheed Ahmad Wani, L. Ariana","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1504380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1504380","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With a long history and deep connection to the Earth’s resources, indigenous peoples have an intimate understanding and ability to observe the impacts linked to climate change. Traditional ecological knowledge and tribal experience play a key role in developing future scientific solutions for adaptation to the impacts. This review explores climate-related issues for indigenous communities in the world, including loss of traditional knowledge, forests and ecosystems, food security and traditional foods, as well as water, Arctic sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and relocation. Until the 21st century, indigenous peoples were viewed as victims of the effects of climate change, rather than as agents of environmental conservation. Representatives of indigenous peoples have in fact since 2008 been actively seeking a role in contributing to combating climate change through their participation in international environmental conferences, as well as by means of activism and political engagement at local and national levels. Using examples from the Amazonian region in the east of Ecuador, home to indigenous communities such as the Huaorani, Sápara and Sarayaku Kichwa origin peoples, this article argues that indigenous peoples, particularly forest dwellers, have a dual role in combating climate change. Over the years Bajo tribe have made adaptive mechanisms to cope with climate change. In the last 10 years indigenous peoples representatives have been collectively engaged in lobbying for inclusion in intergovernmental climate change negotiations and to have decision-making power at the United Nations. This article is an attempt to review the role of indigenous people in climate change and their adaptive mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"302 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1504380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48152426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1504381
R. Michaels, Richard A. Hammerman, H. Silva
Abstract Nature has inspired awe throughout history, stimulating scientific study often conflicting with theology. Conflict is manifest as promotion of creationism and its euphemisms in school curricula, and science denial, recently in the U.S. Government. Unification, however, is an emerging reality for the science/religion relationship, driven by convergent evolution of each toward saving our shared planet from ourselves. No longer can religion deny science, nor science overlook the power of religious institutions toward achieving our common existential goal. The science/religion relationship, often portrayed as static, has proved dynamic, with emerging green science and green religion cooperating toward creating potentially planet-saving synergies.
{"title":"Emerging Green Synergy in the Science/Religion Relationship: From Conflict to Potentially Planet-Saving Cooperation","authors":"R. Michaels, Richard A. Hammerman, H. Silva","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1504381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1504381","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nature has inspired awe throughout history, stimulating scientific study often conflicting with theology. Conflict is manifest as promotion of creationism and its euphemisms in school curricula, and science denial, recently in the U.S. Government. Unification, however, is an emerging reality for the science/religion relationship, driven by convergent evolution of each toward saving our shared planet from ourselves. No longer can religion deny science, nor science overlook the power of religious institutions toward achieving our common existential goal. The science/religion relationship, often portrayed as static, has proved dynamic, with emerging green science and green religion cooperating toward creating potentially planet-saving synergies.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"314 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1504381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46958010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1479589
Andrew Smyth, C. Grieco
Abstract Solvent alleged that chlorinated benzene contamination detected in Solvent's offsite groundwater recovery wells was 98% due to releases from the neighboring Olin chlorobenzene production facility and only 2% due to Solvent's nearby chlorinated benzene production facility. However, Solvent's position was complicated by the fact that it had acknowledged that its operations had impacted site contamination levels. Solvent's position was that the onsite contamination was partially due to Olin, but it faced an uphill struggle because the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) had assigned Solvent responsibility for the Hot Spot cleanup at the Olin site. However, Solvent was able to recover virtually the entire amount of its Hot Spot costs attributable to chlorinated benzenes from Olin, as well as the full percentage of allocation they requested from Olin for the Solvent site through the useof chemical tracers such as benzene hexachloride (BHC).
{"title":"Use of the Pesticide Intermediate Benzene Hexachloride as a Tracer to Determine Liability","authors":"Andrew Smyth, C. Grieco","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1479589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1479589","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Solvent alleged that chlorinated benzene contamination detected in Solvent's offsite groundwater recovery wells was 98% due to releases from the neighboring Olin chlorobenzene production facility and only 2% due to Solvent's nearby chlorinated benzene production facility. However, Solvent's position was complicated by the fact that it had acknowledged that its operations had impacted site contamination levels. Solvent's position was that the onsite contamination was partially due to Olin, but it faced an uphill struggle because the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) had assigned Solvent responsibility for the Hot Spot cleanup at the Olin site. However, Solvent was able to recover virtually the entire amount of its Hot Spot costs attributable to chlorinated benzenes from Olin, as well as the full percentage of allocation they requested from Olin for the Solvent site through the useof chemical tracers such as benzene hexachloride (BHC).","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"337 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1479589","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48794306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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