Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396302
Chih‐Hsien Wu, Kin‐Lu Wong
A printed monopole antenna for penta-band operation in the mobile phone is proposed and studied. The antenna has a uni-planar structure and can be easily printed on an inexpensive FR4 substrate with a low cost. The antenna occupies a small area of 45 x 100 mm , yet it can generate two wide bands centered at about 900 and 2000 MHz to cover AMPS/GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation. Good radiation characteristics of the antenna over the operating bands is observed. The proposed antenna is very promising for application in the mobile phone as an internal antenna for penta-band operation.
{"title":"Low-profile printed monopole antenna for penta-band operation in the mobile phone","authors":"Chih‐Hsien Wu, Kin‐Lu Wong","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4396302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396302","url":null,"abstract":"A printed monopole antenna for penta-band operation in the mobile phone is proposed and studied. The antenna has a uni-planar structure and can be easily printed on an inexpensive FR4 substrate with a low cost. The antenna occupies a small area of 45 x 100 mm , yet it can generate two wide bands centered at about 900 and 2000 MHz to cover AMPS/GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation. Good radiation characteristics of the antenna over the operating bands is observed. The proposed antenna is very promising for application in the mobile phone as an internal antenna for penta-band operation.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123001160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396489
Wayne Kim, M. Iskander
{"title":"Techniques for modeling multi-dielectric layers coplanar waveguide ferroelectric phase shifters","authors":"Wayne Kim, M. Iskander","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4396489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114173481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396624
G. Ogden, S. Matzner, L. Zurk, D. Blejer
A scattering formulation is described here which can be used to understand and predict the electromagnetic scattering from a target positioned over a (potentially) rough interface. It has application to the evaluation of radar performance in the presence of multipath
{"title":"Multipath return for radar targets over a rough surface","authors":"G. Ogden, S. Matzner, L. Zurk, D. Blejer","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4396624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396624","url":null,"abstract":"A scattering formulation is described here which can be used to understand and predict the electromagnetic scattering from a target positioned over a (potentially) rough interface. It has application to the evaluation of radar performance in the presence of multipath","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114512991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396541
N. Paravastu, B. Hicks, P. Ray, W. Erickson
The Long Wavelength Array (LWA), currently in the development stage, is a radio telescope array that will be constructed in New Mexico, USA over the next several years. It will consist of ~ 52 stations of ~ 256 cross-dipole antennas each, and will explore the Universe in the 20 - 80 MHz frequency band. The large number of antennas required for the LWA suggests that the antenna design must be kept simple in order to maintain a low station cost. The leading candidate LWA antenna is a "big blade" antenna consisting of crossed dipole elements made of sheet aluminum. The big blade antenna has been extensively characterized and shows potential for fulfilling the technical requirements for the LWA. However, their potentially prohibitive cost has necessitated the exploration of alternate, more affordable antenna topologies. In this paper, we present one such promising topology - the fork antenna. In the following sections, we show through simulation and field measurement that the fork antenna compares closely in performance to the big blade antenna and is therefore a viable alternative to the big blade antenna in the LWA project.
{"title":"A candidate active antenna design for a low frequency radio telescope array","authors":"N. Paravastu, B. Hicks, P. Ray, W. Erickson","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4396541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396541","url":null,"abstract":"The Long Wavelength Array (LWA), currently in the development stage, is a radio telescope array that will be constructed in New Mexico, USA over the next several years. It will consist of ~ 52 stations of ~ 256 cross-dipole antennas each, and will explore the Universe in the 20 - 80 MHz frequency band. The large number of antennas required for the LWA suggests that the antenna design must be kept simple in order to maintain a low station cost. The leading candidate LWA antenna is a \"big blade\" antenna consisting of crossed dipole elements made of sheet aluminum. The big blade antenna has been extensively characterized and shows potential for fulfilling the technical requirements for the LWA. However, their potentially prohibitive cost has necessitated the exploration of alternate, more affordable antenna topologies. In this paper, we present one such promising topology - the fork antenna. In the following sections, we show through simulation and field measurement that the fork antenna compares closely in performance to the big blade antenna and is therefore a viable alternative to the big blade antenna in the LWA project.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116722108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4395508
P. Kabacik, G. Jaworski, M. Hornik, T. Maleszka
Printed patch element are attractive from the electromagnetic point of view, however, their practical use often calls for involvement of layered composite panels. With such approach, patch elements can sustain mechanical loads or be integrated with antenna array carrying platforms. Owing to a lightweight multilayer structure with a thin substrate atop the thick one, the three-strip couplers put a lot of comfort in design of such antenna arrays. Wideband operation and low losses attract further attention to this coupler type as a good candidate for uses in antenna arrays. Dimensioning of the couplers are convenient for practical utilization in lower microwave bands. Furthermore, three-strip couplers make possible switching signals between printed circuit layers.
{"title":"Lightweight L and S-band antenna fed by three-strip directional couplers","authors":"P. Kabacik, G. Jaworski, M. Hornik, T. Maleszka","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4395508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4395508","url":null,"abstract":"Printed patch element are attractive from the electromagnetic point of view, however, their practical use often calls for involvement of layered composite panels. With such approach, patch elements can sustain mechanical loads or be integrated with antenna array carrying platforms. Owing to a lightweight multilayer structure with a thin substrate atop the thick one, the three-strip couplers put a lot of comfort in design of such antenna arrays. Wideband operation and low losses attract further attention to this coupler type as a good candidate for uses in antenna arrays. Dimensioning of the couplers are convenient for practical utilization in lower microwave bands. Furthermore, three-strip couplers make possible switching signals between printed circuit layers.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116872405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396399
A. Ostergaard
In this work, the; synthesis of an artificial lens comprising 25 metallic, lamellas is presented. The synthesis of the artificial lens relies entirely on numerical methods. The lens is new in the sense that its reflection of the incident cylindrical wave is low (less than -28dB) while providing the desired csc2t? elevation pattern for air surveillance applications.
{"title":"Synthesis of a novel artificial lens for a large flare horn antenna at X-ban","authors":"A. Ostergaard","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4396399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396399","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the; synthesis of an artificial lens comprising 25 metallic, lamellas is presented. The synthesis of the artificial lens relies entirely on numerical methods. The lens is new in the sense that its reflection of the incident cylindrical wave is low (less than -28dB) while providing the desired csc2t? elevation pattern for air surveillance applications.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117008224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396669
Jiming Song, Z. Zeng, Lu Zhang
This paper addresses the solution for the open structure microstrip line. This paper attempts to find the relationship between the variational method and the spectral domain approach at very low frequencies. In this paper, the Green's functions for the spectral domain approach at low frequencies are derived. The Galerkin's method is used to obtain the formula to calculate the effective relative dielectric constant. At DC, the transverse current density is zero. However, to get the accurate effective relative dielectric constant, both the longitudinal current density and the normalized transverse current density should be used.
{"title":"Low frequency microstrip analysis using the spectral domain approach and the variational method","authors":"Jiming Song, Z. Zeng, Lu Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4396669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396669","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the solution for the open structure microstrip line. This paper attempts to find the relationship between the variational method and the spectral domain approach at very low frequencies. In this paper, the Green's functions for the spectral domain approach at low frequencies are derived. The Galerkin's method is used to obtain the formula to calculate the effective relative dielectric constant. At DC, the transverse current density is zero. However, to get the accurate effective relative dielectric constant, both the longitudinal current density and the normalized transverse current density should be used.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117011785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396644
B. Finkelstein, R. Kastner
Recently, a general methodology for generating FDTD dispersion relation preserving (DRP) schemes of the wave equation (WE) was introduced. These schemes can be designed to accommodate arbitrary requirements for phase and group velocity dispersion characteristics over the operating frequency range. In this work, the methodology is further generalized to include specification of both dispersion behavior and the orders of accuracy (OoAs) by minimizing the local truncation error [4, Ch. 5.1] for both the WE and Maxwell's equations (MEs). While the increase in OoA leads, in general, to a lower overall dispersion error, additional improvements of dispersion characteristics at certain frequencies can be accomplished at the expense of reduced OoA. This tradeoff affords flexibility in designing an FDTD algorithm for a wide range of applications. The OoA for a given stencil size is analyzed in this work by a Taylor expansion of the dispersion relationship in powers of the normalized frequency. This equation serves as a starting point for the methodology for the analysis and control of the OoA and dispersion errors, that encompasses both the customary analysis with Taylor expansion of the field in terms of At and Ax and the derivative-swapping approach.
{"title":"FDTD coeffcient modification schemes of the wave and Maxwell’s equations for controlling order of accuracy and dispersion errors","authors":"B. Finkelstein, R. Kastner","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4396644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396644","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a general methodology for generating FDTD dispersion relation preserving (DRP) schemes of the wave equation (WE) was introduced. These schemes can be designed to accommodate arbitrary requirements for phase and group velocity dispersion characteristics over the operating frequency range. In this work, the methodology is further generalized to include specification of both dispersion behavior and the orders of accuracy (OoAs) by minimizing the local truncation error [4, Ch. 5.1] for both the WE and Maxwell's equations (MEs). While the increase in OoA leads, in general, to a lower overall dispersion error, additional improvements of dispersion characteristics at certain frequencies can be accomplished at the expense of reduced OoA. This tradeoff affords flexibility in designing an FDTD algorithm for a wide range of applications. The OoA for a given stencil size is analyzed in this work by a Taylor expansion of the dispersion relationship in powers of the normalized frequency. This equation serves as a starting point for the methodology for the analysis and control of the OoA and dispersion errors, that encompasses both the customary analysis with Taylor expansion of the field in terms of At and Ax and the derivative-swapping approach.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117044662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4395417
R. Olsen, C. Meagher, R. Ferro, S. Lapic
Technical solutions are needed to provide affordable, high-capacity wireless communications services to the US Navy (USN) by employing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology that is Internet Protocol (IP) ready. There is a pressing need to extend battle space connectivity within a theater of operations, particularly for littoral and expeditionary warfare. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with lightweight communications relay packages can provide this extended range capability for networks of users. Phased array antennas, a complementary enabling technology, brings with it the additional major challenge of being tailored to and operating in a 'networked' environment.
{"title":"Broadband electronically-steerable array for mission security (BEAMS)","authors":"R. Olsen, C. Meagher, R. Ferro, S. Lapic","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4395417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4395417","url":null,"abstract":"Technical solutions are needed to provide affordable, high-capacity wireless communications services to the US Navy (USN) by employing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology that is Internet Protocol (IP) ready. There is a pressing need to extend battle space connectivity within a theater of operations, particularly for littoral and expeditionary warfare. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with lightweight communications relay packages can provide this extended range capability for networks of users. Phased array antennas, a complementary enabling technology, brings with it the additional major challenge of being tailored to and operating in a 'networked' environment.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117299376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-09DOI: 10.1109/APS.2007.4395437
Xin Wang, L. Katehi, D. Peroulis
In this paper, a time-varying matching technique is proposed for electrically small antennas in pulse-based systems. The matching performance of the proposed design is not limited by the gain-bandwidth restriction, and hence can be used for high Q antennas. Simulation results show that the overall antenna efficiency can be significantly improved (e.g. from 1% to 40%) with the time-varying matching network by reducing the reflection loss.
{"title":"Time-varying matching network for antennas in pulse-based systems","authors":"Xin Wang, L. Katehi, D. Peroulis","doi":"10.1109/APS.2007.4395437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4395437","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a time-varying matching technique is proposed for electrically small antennas in pulse-based systems. The matching performance of the proposed design is not limited by the gain-bandwidth restriction, and hence can be used for high Q antennas. Simulation results show that the overall antenna efficiency can be significantly improved (e.g. from 1% to 40%) with the time-varying matching network by reducing the reflection loss.","PeriodicalId":117975,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117330834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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