This paper analyzes various machine learning algorithms to predict student failure in a specific educational dataset and a specific environment. The paper handles the prediction of student failure given the students' grades, course difficulty level, and GPA, differing from most of the provided studies in the literature, where focus is given to the surrounding environment. The main aim is to early detect students at risk of academic underperformance and implement specific interventions to enhance their academic outcomes. A diverse set of eleven Machine Learning (ML) algorithms was used to analyze the dataset. The data went through preprocessing, and features were engineered to effectively capture essential information that may impact students' academic performance. A meticulous process for model selection and evaluation was utilized to compare the algorithms' performance with regard to metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, specificity, and balanced accuracy. Our results demonstrate significant variability in the performance of the different algorithms, with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) showing the highest overall performance, followed closely by Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC), Neuro-Fuzzy, and Random Forest (RF). The other algorithms exhibit varying performance levels, with the Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) showing the weakest results in recall and F-score. Educational institutions can use the insight gained from this study to make data-driven decisions and design targeted interventions to help students at risk succeed academically. Furthermore, the methodology presented in this paper can be generalized and applied to other educational datasets for similar predictive purposes.
{"title":"Big Data in Education: Students at Risk as a Case Study","authors":"Ahmed B. Altamimi","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6190","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes various machine learning algorithms to predict student failure in a specific educational dataset and a specific environment. The paper handles the prediction of student failure given the students' grades, course difficulty level, and GPA, differing from most of the provided studies in the literature, where focus is given to the surrounding environment. The main aim is to early detect students at risk of academic underperformance and implement specific interventions to enhance their academic outcomes. A diverse set of eleven Machine Learning (ML) algorithms was used to analyze the dataset. The data went through preprocessing, and features were engineered to effectively capture essential information that may impact students' academic performance. A meticulous process for model selection and evaluation was utilized to compare the algorithms' performance with regard to metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, specificity, and balanced accuracy. Our results demonstrate significant variability in the performance of the different algorithms, with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) showing the highest overall performance, followed closely by Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC), Neuro-Fuzzy, and Random Forest (RF). The other algorithms exhibit varying performance levels, with the Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) showing the weakest results in recall and F-score. Educational institutions can use the insight gained from this study to make data-driven decisions and design targeted interventions to help students at risk succeed academically. Furthermore, the methodology presented in this paper can be generalized and applied to other educational datasets for similar predictive purposes.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Rana, Asif Nawaz, Tariq Ali, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny, Waqar Ali
The advancement of technology has led to the rise of social media forums and e-commerce platforms, which have become popular means of communication, and people can express their opinions through comments and reviews. Increased accessibility to online feedback helps individuals make informed decisions about product purchases, services, and other decisions. This study used a sentiment analysis-based approach to improve the functionality of the recommendations from user reviews and consider the features (aspects and opinions) of products and services to understand the characteristics and attributes that influence the performance of classification algorithms. The proposed model consists of data preprocessing, word embedding, character representation creation, feature extraction using BiLSTM-CF, and classification using BiGRU. The proposed model was evaluated on different multidomain benchmark datasets demonstrating impressive performance. The proposed model outperformed existing models, offering more promising performance results in recommendations.
{"title":"A BiLSTM-CF and BiGRU-based Deep Sentiment Analysis Model to Explore Customer Reviews for Effective Recommendations","authors":"Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Rana, Asif Nawaz, Tariq Ali, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny, Waqar Ali","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6278","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of technology has led to the rise of social media forums and e-commerce platforms, which have become popular means of communication, and people can express their opinions through comments and reviews. Increased accessibility to online feedback helps individuals make informed decisions about product purchases, services, and other decisions. This study used a sentiment analysis-based approach to improve the functionality of the recommendations from user reviews and consider the features (aspects and opinions) of products and services to understand the characteristics and attributes that influence the performance of classification algorithms. The proposed model consists of data preprocessing, word embedding, character representation creation, feature extraction using BiLSTM-CF, and classification using BiGRU. The proposed model was evaluated on different multidomain benchmark datasets demonstrating impressive performance. The proposed model outperformed existing models, offering more promising performance results in recommendations.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steel fiber is a commonly used material to repair damaged concrete, caused by environmental or design issues. This study used various Micro-copper-coated Steel Fiber (MSF) content (0.0, 0.5, 2.0, and 2.5%) with varying aspect ratios (28, 37, and 45) as part of Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) mixtures to repair damaged concrete columns using a 30 mm layer jacketing. Twelve columns were prepared and tested at first by loading them with roughly 90% of their ultimate axial load capacity. Damage was caused and the columns were subsequently strengthened and rebuilt using UHPFRC mixtures in 30-mm layer jacketing for a second test, to determine the effect of UHPFRC and MSF content on damaged and reinforced columns. The test results showed that the concrete properties improved as the MSF content increased to 2.0% of the volume fraction, beyond which there was a slight reduction. Additionally, the UHPFRC-strengthened columns with and without MSFs experienced higher load capacities than the corresponding unstrengthened. On the contrary, using 2.5% MSF in the UHPFRC decreased the loading capacity by 14% compared to the UHPFRC with 2.0% MSF. The strengthened column with 2.0% MSF content showed the highest load efficiency (165.7% compared to unstrengthened), along with substantial displacement and ductility.
{"title":"The Influence of UHPFRC Jacket Steel Fiber Content on Strengthening Damaged Columns","authors":"Hasan A. Alasmari","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6292","url":null,"abstract":"Steel fiber is a commonly used material to repair damaged concrete, caused by environmental or design issues. This study used various Micro-copper-coated Steel Fiber (MSF) content (0.0, 0.5, 2.0, and 2.5%) with varying aspect ratios (28, 37, and 45) as part of Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) mixtures to repair damaged concrete columns using a 30 mm layer jacketing. Twelve columns were prepared and tested at first by loading them with roughly 90% of their ultimate axial load capacity. Damage was caused and the columns were subsequently strengthened and rebuilt using UHPFRC mixtures in 30-mm layer jacketing for a second test, to determine the effect of UHPFRC and MSF content on damaged and reinforced columns. The test results showed that the concrete properties improved as the MSF content increased to 2.0% of the volume fraction, beyond which there was a slight reduction. Additionally, the UHPFRC-strengthened columns with and without MSFs experienced higher load capacities than the corresponding unstrengthened. On the contrary, using 2.5% MSF in the UHPFRC decreased the loading capacity by 14% compared to the UHPFRC with 2.0% MSF. The strengthened column with 2.0% MSF content showed the highest load efficiency (165.7% compared to unstrengthened), along with substantial displacement and ductility.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents the influence of aircraft movements on air quality by highlighting the contribution of landings and/or takeoffs at Henri Coanda Airport, Bucharest. An experimental campaign was carried out using a mobile laboratory equipped with reference instruments for the main air pollutants (NO-, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, and O3) and a meteorological station to measure wind speed and direction, air temperature, pressure, and relative humidity at a height of 10 m above the ground. The mobile testing laboratory was located inside the airport near the passenger embarking area, and measurements were carried out for 7 days. Air sampling was carried out at a height of 3.5 m above the ground. Pollutant levels were continuously measured throughout the measurement period, with high-precision equipment and a 10-second interval. The results obtained showed an increase in pollutant concentrations during takeoffs and/or landings, providing an initial assessment of gaseous pollutant levels and hourly distribution. Airport authorities can use this assessment to balance aircraft and passenger movements to minimize human exposure to gaseous pollutants. Furthermore, this study used the Pearson correlation between each pollutant and meteorological parameters to establish the best conditions for passengers to be present on the airport premises. The results showed that wind speed and direction directly influence the distribution of gaseous pollutants, especially during landings and takeoffs.
{"title":"Evaluation of Aircraft Emissions at Bucharest Henri Coanda Airport","authors":"Radu Mirea, Grigore Cican, Mihaiella Cretu","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6242","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the influence of aircraft movements on air quality by highlighting the contribution of landings and/or takeoffs at Henri Coanda Airport, Bucharest. An experimental campaign was carried out using a mobile laboratory equipped with reference instruments for the main air pollutants (NO-, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, and O3) and a meteorological station to measure wind speed and direction, air temperature, pressure, and relative humidity at a height of 10 m above the ground. The mobile testing laboratory was located inside the airport near the passenger embarking area, and measurements were carried out for 7 days. Air sampling was carried out at a height of 3.5 m above the ground. Pollutant levels were continuously measured throughout the measurement period, with high-precision equipment and a 10-second interval. The results obtained showed an increase in pollutant concentrations during takeoffs and/or landings, providing an initial assessment of gaseous pollutant levels and hourly distribution. Airport authorities can use this assessment to balance aircraft and passenger movements to minimize human exposure to gaseous pollutants. Furthermore, this study used the Pearson correlation between each pollutant and meteorological parameters to establish the best conditions for passengers to be present on the airport premises. The results showed that wind speed and direction directly influence the distribution of gaseous pollutants, especially during landings and takeoffs.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asia Othman Aljahdali, Afnan Habibullah, Huda Aljohani
Environmental monitoring devices based on IoT collect a large amount of data about the environment and our surroundings. These data are collected and processed before being uploaded to third-party servers and accessed and viewed by ordinary or specialized users. However, they may hold sensitive information that should not be exposed to unauthorized users. Therefore, accessing this sensitive information must be strictly controlled and limited in order to prevent unauthorized access. This research intends to create an access control mechanism based on distributed ledger technologies. The idea is to use a hybrid of IOTA technology and Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Signcryption (CP-ABSC) technology. The permissions to access these data are written in a token, and this token will be sent to the Tangle after being signcrypted with CP-ABSC. Consequently, the data will be safeguarded, their confidentiality and integrity will be maintained, and unauthorized individuals will be unable to access the information. The proposed system was evaluated in terms of performance and the results showed that the system is straightforward, rapid, and convenient to use. Furthermore, a security assessment was conducted by running several scenarios to evaluate its feasibility and protection.
{"title":"Efficient and Secure Access Control for IoT-based Environmental Monitoring","authors":"Asia Othman Aljahdali, Afnan Habibullah, Huda Aljohani","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6193","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental monitoring devices based on IoT collect a large amount of data about the environment and our surroundings. These data are collected and processed before being uploaded to third-party servers and accessed and viewed by ordinary or specialized users. However, they may hold sensitive information that should not be exposed to unauthorized users. Therefore, accessing this sensitive information must be strictly controlled and limited in order to prevent unauthorized access. This research intends to create an access control mechanism based on distributed ledger technologies. The idea is to use a hybrid of IOTA technology and Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Signcryption (CP-ABSC) technology. The permissions to access these data are written in a token, and this token will be sent to the Tangle after being signcrypted with CP-ABSC. Consequently, the data will be safeguarded, their confidentiality and integrity will be maintained, and unauthorized individuals will be unable to access the information. The proposed system was evaluated in terms of performance and the results showed that the system is straightforward, rapid, and convenient to use. Furthermore, a security assessment was conducted by running several scenarios to evaluate its feasibility and protection.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of 2-D discrete systems has always been a preferred choice amongst researchers and academics, due to its diversified applications in most practical applications. For more than two decades, research based on H∞ control techniques has been the focus of attention, as it plays a key role in the design and development of various applications based on signal processing and control theory. In many practical applications, the accessibility of the state vectors is not possible, and, in such cases, output feedback techniques are most appropriate. This paper presents a detailed survey based on H∞ control-based output feedback techniques for discrete 2-D systems.
{"title":"A Survey on H∞ Control-Based Output Feedback Techniques","authors":"Govind Prasad Pandiya, Abhay Vidyarthi","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6056","url":null,"abstract":"The study of 2-D discrete systems has always been a preferred choice amongst researchers and academics, due to its diversified applications in most practical applications. For more than two decades, research based on H∞ control techniques has been the focus of attention, as it plays a key role in the design and development of various applications based on signal processing and control theory. In many practical applications, the accessibility of the state vectors is not possible, and, in such cases, output feedback techniques are most appropriate. This paper presents a detailed survey based on H∞ control-based output feedback techniques for discrete 2-D systems.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nguyen Thi Cam Nhung, Le Van Vu, Huu Quyet Nguyen, Dang Thi Huyen, Duc Binh Nguyen, Minh Tran Quang
Measuring the structure's displacement plays a very important role in ensuring the safe operation of railway bridges in general and urban railway bridges in particular. In Vietnam, traditional methods using high-precision mechanical gauges have been used to measure the displacement of railway bridges. However, these methods need a lot of effort in installation and traffic control during implementation. These methods are based on the static principle: The test loads are placed on the bridge structure, and then the structure's displacement is observed. The safety assessment and analysis results are guaranteed by multiplying the dynamic coefficients, leading to some assessments that may not be close to the actual exploitation of the bridge structure. Therefore, the current study presents a new solution for measuring the displacement of railway bridge structures. This method uses Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) sensors to record the continuous displacement of the structure during the time the train passes over the bridge. Through field measurements combined with a finite element analysis model, the research focuses on developing and applying LVDT sensors in urban railway bridge structure health monitoring. At the same time, the potential of developing this method in Vietnam in the future is evaluated.
{"title":"Development and Application of Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) Sensors for the Structural Health Monitoring of an Urban Railway Bridge in Vietnam","authors":"Nguyen Thi Cam Nhung, Le Van Vu, Huu Quyet Nguyen, Dang Thi Huyen, Duc Binh Nguyen, Minh Tran Quang","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6192","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the structure's displacement plays a very important role in ensuring the safe operation of railway bridges in general and urban railway bridges in particular. In Vietnam, traditional methods using high-precision mechanical gauges have been used to measure the displacement of railway bridges. However, these methods need a lot of effort in installation and traffic control during implementation. These methods are based on the static principle: The test loads are placed on the bridge structure, and then the structure's displacement is observed. The safety assessment and analysis results are guaranteed by multiplying the dynamic coefficients, leading to some assessments that may not be close to the actual exploitation of the bridge structure. Therefore, the current study presents a new solution for measuring the displacement of railway bridge structures. This method uses Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) sensors to record the continuous displacement of the structure during the time the train passes over the bridge. Through field measurements combined with a finite element analysis model, the research focuses on developing and applying LVDT sensors in urban railway bridge structure health monitoring. At the same time, the potential of developing this method in Vietnam in the future is evaluated.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, reinforced concrete columns with dimensions of 200×200×1200 mm were tested under static loading and high temperatures. In the experimental work, square cross-section columns with compressive strength of 28 MPa were tested up to failure. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, were examined under static load and then under temperatures such as 500 and 800 °C. Column specimens with the same geometry and with concrete covers of 10 and 17 mm were also put under test. Mode of failure, ductility, stiffness, and energy dissipation for all tested specimens are discussed. The test results showed that the strength capacity of reinforced concrete columns was affected by the column cover. The increment in temperature led to a reduction in the strength-carrying capacity of the columns and increased the axial and lateral displacements. The static compressive strength was reduced by 36.84 and 48.81% when the applied temperature was 500 and 800 °C, respectively. The stiffness of the specimen with 17 mm cover was 29.27 and 46.86% less than that of 10 mm cover for axial and lateral displacement, respectively. Also, the specimen with 10 mm cover exhibited decreased energy dissipation by 1.69 and 12.54% for axial and lateral displacement.
{"title":"Residual Strength and Crack Propagation of Reinforced Concrete Columns under High Temperatures","authors":"Sara Saad Faraj, Hadi Naser Ghadhban Almaliki","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6263","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, reinforced concrete columns with dimensions of 200×200×1200 mm were tested under static loading and high temperatures. In the experimental work, square cross-section columns with compressive strength of 28 MPa were tested up to failure. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, were examined under static load and then under temperatures such as 500 and 800 °C. Column specimens with the same geometry and with concrete covers of 10 and 17 mm were also put under test. Mode of failure, ductility, stiffness, and energy dissipation for all tested specimens are discussed. The test results showed that the strength capacity of reinforced concrete columns was affected by the column cover. The increment in temperature led to a reduction in the strength-carrying capacity of the columns and increased the axial and lateral displacements. The static compressive strength was reduced by 36.84 and 48.81% when the applied temperature was 500 and 800 °C, respectively. The stiffness of the specimen with 17 mm cover was 29.27 and 46.86% less than that of 10 mm cover for axial and lateral displacement, respectively. Also, the specimen with 10 mm cover exhibited decreased energy dissipation by 1.69 and 12.54% for axial and lateral displacement.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar energy represents an opportunity to facilitate the operation of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations and cover the energy demand of households, contributing to sustainability and reducing carbon emissions. In light of the emerging need for solar energy as a source of electricity generation for building and charging electric vehicles, this study aimed to assess the technical and economic feasibility of using photovoltaic (PV) systems to generate electricity for residential buildings and meet the changing needs of EVs to reduce energy demand on the grid. To achieve this objective, monthly solar radiation data were collected from the NASA power dataset to assess solar radiation levels in the region and determine the suitability and potential for harnessing solar energy for various applications. The results showed that northern Cyprus has exceptionally abundant and consistently stable solar energy resources. The daily energy for selected residential households and the GÜNSEL B9 and J9 electric cars was estimated to determine the capacity of the required PV systems. In addition, information was collected on the prices of solar panels, inverters, energy storage systems, etc., which were taken into account to evaluate the economic viability of the developed systems. The results demonstrate that the use of solar energy to charge EVs and meet the energy demands of households is technically viable and economically feasible. The use of electric cars offers nearly double the advantages compared to conventional fuel-powered ones, making them a more environmentally sustainable option.
{"title":"Utilization of Solar Energy for Electric Vehicle Charging and the Energy Consumption of Residential Buildings in Northern Cyprus: A Case Study","authors":"Youssef Kassem, Huseyin Gokcekus, Almukhtar Aljatlawe","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6142","url":null,"abstract":"Solar energy represents an opportunity to facilitate the operation of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations and cover the energy demand of households, contributing to sustainability and reducing carbon emissions. In light of the emerging need for solar energy as a source of electricity generation for building and charging electric vehicles, this study aimed to assess the technical and economic feasibility of using photovoltaic (PV) systems to generate electricity for residential buildings and meet the changing needs of EVs to reduce energy demand on the grid. To achieve this objective, monthly solar radiation data were collected from the NASA power dataset to assess solar radiation levels in the region and determine the suitability and potential for harnessing solar energy for various applications. The results showed that northern Cyprus has exceptionally abundant and consistently stable solar energy resources. The daily energy for selected residential households and the GÜNSEL B9 and J9 electric cars was estimated to determine the capacity of the required PV systems. In addition, information was collected on the prices of solar panels, inverters, energy storage systems, etc., which were taken into account to evaluate the economic viability of the developed systems. The results demonstrate that the use of solar energy to charge EVs and meet the energy demands of households is technically viable and economically feasible. The use of electric cars offers nearly double the advantages compared to conventional fuel-powered ones, making them a more environmentally sustainable option.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135917991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inter-Basin Water Transfers (IBWTs) introduce complex socioeconomic, hydrological, ecological, and institutional impacts that are instrumental to decision-making. However, since most studies focus on the hydrological and ecological aspects of IBWTs for the development of sustainable water resources, it is necessary to investigate the distribution of risks (costs) and benefits of IBWTs among stakeholders. This study aimed to identify and categorize stakeholders, their relationships, and the distribution of risks/costs and benefits in the Northern Collector Tunnel phase I (NCT 1) IBWT using a stakeholder analysis method. The Athi Water Works Development Agency (AWWDA) and the Ministry of Water and Irrigation (MoWI) played a central role in the project. However, most stakeholders found the devolved units Water Services Providers (WSPs), Water Resources Authority (WRA), Water Resources Users Associations (WRUAs), and Murang'a County as the most critical institutions. Public participation in NCT1 was not inclusive but only done to meet the statutory project requirements. Significant risks of the project emerged, such as reduced river flows, drying of the springs, and Murang'a residents' ability to meet their water needs. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for diverted water through a water levy to cover environmental externalities and catchment conservation. The increase in water supply for Nairobi City was perceived as the main benefit for the recipient basin, but an improved water levy with adequate cross-subsidies was pointed out as an instrument to catalyze water savings by the urban water utility.
{"title":"Distribution of Benefits and Risks in Inter-Basin Water Transfers: The Case Study of NCT I from Upper Tana Basin to Nairobi City","authors":"Rosemary Wanjiru Nyingi, John Kimani Mwangi, Poolad Karimi, Jeremiah Kipkulei Kiptala","doi":"10.48084/etasr.6177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6177","url":null,"abstract":"Inter-Basin Water Transfers (IBWTs) introduce complex socioeconomic, hydrological, ecological, and institutional impacts that are instrumental to decision-making. However, since most studies focus on the hydrological and ecological aspects of IBWTs for the development of sustainable water resources, it is necessary to investigate the distribution of risks (costs) and benefits of IBWTs among stakeholders. This study aimed to identify and categorize stakeholders, their relationships, and the distribution of risks/costs and benefits in the Northern Collector Tunnel phase I (NCT 1) IBWT using a stakeholder analysis method. The Athi Water Works Development Agency (AWWDA) and the Ministry of Water and Irrigation (MoWI) played a central role in the project. However, most stakeholders found the devolved units Water Services Providers (WSPs), Water Resources Authority (WRA), Water Resources Users Associations (WRUAs), and Murang'a County as the most critical institutions. Public participation in NCT1 was not inclusive but only done to meet the statutory project requirements. Significant risks of the project emerged, such as reduced river flows, drying of the springs, and Murang'a residents' ability to meet their water needs. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for diverted water through a water levy to cover environmental externalities and catchment conservation. The increase in water supply for Nairobi City was perceived as the main benefit for the recipient basin, but an improved water levy with adequate cross-subsidies was pointed out as an instrument to catalyze water savings by the urban water utility.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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