Context: The increasing extent of physical inactivity among children, adolescents, and adults is one of the greatest public health concerns. Sport is a type of leisure-time physical activity. With improved knowledge regarding the health advantages of physical activity, the role of sports in society has become increasingly important for the promotion of public health. Recognizing the significance of the effects of sports participation on physical fitness, this study presents a review of the association between sports participation and physical fitness. Evidence Acquisition: A search for literature was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the terms “sports participation and physical fitness” to find the association between the key terms. A total of 21 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Sports participation was found to be positively associated with physical fitness. Participation in sports was associated with more physical activity, less sedentary behavior, and improved physical fitness. Participation in club sports led to improved physical fitness, especially endurance and strength. Sports participation resulted in improved cardiorespiratory fitness, improved anaerobic performance, and higher levels of muscular strength. Conclusions: Sports participation is associated with many health benefits, including improved physical fitness. As sports participation is a well-liked physical activity, making it easily accessible and spreading awareness about its benefits can lead to more healthy people and communities.
{"title":"The Association Between Sports Participation and Physical Fitness","authors":"Shazia Tahira","doi":"10.5812/intjssh-127001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh-127001","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The increasing extent of physical inactivity among children, adolescents, and adults is one of the greatest public health concerns. Sport is a type of leisure-time physical activity. With improved knowledge regarding the health advantages of physical activity, the role of sports in society has become increasingly important for the promotion of public health. Recognizing the significance of the effects of sports participation on physical fitness, this study presents a review of the association between sports participation and physical fitness. Evidence Acquisition: A search for literature was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the terms “sports participation and physical fitness” to find the association between the key terms. A total of 21 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Sports participation was found to be positively associated with physical fitness. Participation in sports was associated with more physical activity, less sedentary behavior, and improved physical fitness. Participation in club sports led to improved physical fitness, especially endurance and strength. Sports participation resulted in improved cardiorespiratory fitness, improved anaerobic performance, and higher levels of muscular strength. Conclusions: Sports participation is associated with many health benefits, including improved physical fitness. As sports participation is a well-liked physical activity, making it easily accessible and spreading awareness about its benefits can lead to more healthy people and communities.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125410312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hussein Muñoz-Helú, L. F. Reynoso-Sánchez, Karla Noelia Cruz-Morales, Diana Korinna Zazueta-Beltrán, Roxana Abril Morales-Beltran, Juana García-Flores
Background: The Olympic movement (OM) aims to preserve and promote the philosophy of Olympism and development of society through culture and sport, being gender equity in sport one of the main tasks of the OM since the late twentieth century. Objectives: Analyze the relationship between the levels of knowledge and perception about the OM on attitudes towards women's participation in sport in students of physical education and sport sciences. Methods: Cross-sectional research with correlational-descriptive scope was developed in which 35 subjects (17.1% female and 82.9% male; 21.1 ± 4.1 years) were part of the study. The Questionnaire on the Vision of Olympism and its Educational Repercussions and the Scale of Attitudes towards Women's Participation in Sport were applied. Comparison analyses were performed between sex, sports practice, and level of sports practice, as well as the relationship between the variables through nonparametric statistics considering a value of P < 0.05 as statistical significance. Results: The level of knowledge about Olympism was 6.14 (± 2.5). Significant differences were observed in attitudes towards women's participation in sport according to gender, sport practice and level of practice. In addition, it should be noted that gender equity, social support, and access for women in sport are not perceived at high levels. Finally, no significant relationships were found between the factors of both questionnaires. Conclusions: The students participating in the study present low levels of knowledge about Olympism; furthermore, they show differences in attitudes towards women's participation in sport according to gender and level of sport practice, evidencing the positive impact of sport practice and immersion in academic aspects related to sport for the improvement of the gender equity perspective within sport.
{"title":"Gender and Sports Practice are Related to the Perception of the Olympic Movement and Gender Equity in Sport","authors":"Hussein Muñoz-Helú, L. F. Reynoso-Sánchez, Karla Noelia Cruz-Morales, Diana Korinna Zazueta-Beltrán, Roxana Abril Morales-Beltran, Juana García-Flores","doi":"10.5812/intjssh-126630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh-126630","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Olympic movement (OM) aims to preserve and promote the philosophy of Olympism and development of society through culture and sport, being gender equity in sport one of the main tasks of the OM since the late twentieth century. Objectives: Analyze the relationship between the levels of knowledge and perception about the OM on attitudes towards women's participation in sport in students of physical education and sport sciences. Methods: Cross-sectional research with correlational-descriptive scope was developed in which 35 subjects (17.1% female and 82.9% male; 21.1 ± 4.1 years) were part of the study. The Questionnaire on the Vision of Olympism and its Educational Repercussions and the Scale of Attitudes towards Women's Participation in Sport were applied. Comparison analyses were performed between sex, sports practice, and level of sports practice, as well as the relationship between the variables through nonparametric statistics considering a value of P < 0.05 as statistical significance. Results: The level of knowledge about Olympism was 6.14 (± 2.5). Significant differences were observed in attitudes towards women's participation in sport according to gender, sport practice and level of practice. In addition, it should be noted that gender equity, social support, and access for women in sport are not perceived at high levels. Finally, no significant relationships were found between the factors of both questionnaires. Conclusions: The students participating in the study present low levels of knowledge about Olympism; furthermore, they show differences in attitudes towards women's participation in sport according to gender and level of sport practice, evidencing the positive impact of sport practice and immersion in academic aspects related to sport for the improvement of the gender equity perspective within sport.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"58 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114131544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conference Abstracts: 2nd International Congress on “Education, Motor Behaviour, Sport and Health,” Sfax, Tunisia (15-18 December 2021)","authors":"H. Chtourou","doi":"10.5812/intjssh-127130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh-127130","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"287 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132587984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Successful performance in soccer is associated with multiple factors such as physical, technical and perceptual-cognitive performance. In contrast to physical fatigue, nowadays one of the most popular affecting factors is mental fatigue, especially in soccer. Objectives: This systematic review aims to clarify the impact of mental fatigue intervention on psychophysiological responses and cognitive performance in soccer. Methods: A literature review was conducted by using the keywords of “mental fatigue and soccer” and “cognitive fatigue and soccer” in the content of confined space, psychophysiological and cognitive performance in soccer within the databases of Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and Sport Discuss from the 1st of January 2010 to the 31st of January 2022. Systematic searches of six databases resulted in consist of 7 studies. The study was characterized based on PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome) criteria. Results: The current results showed that mental fatigue had a negative impact on psychophysiological responses, impaired cognitive performance, and decreased utilization of technical skills. Conclusions: According to this systematic review, mental fatigue reduces performance via impairing psychophysiological responses, cognitive performance, and technical skills in soccer.
背景:成功的足球表现与多种因素有关，如身体，技术和感知认知表现。与身体疲劳相反，如今最受欢迎的影响因素之一是精神疲劳，尤其是在足球比赛中。目的:本系统综述旨在阐明心理疲劳干预对足球运动员心理生理反应和认知表现的影响。方法:采用Pubmed、Scopus、Web of Science (WOS)和Sport Discuss数据库2010年1月1日至2022年1月31日的相关文献，以“精神疲劳与足球”和“认知疲劳与足球”为关键词，对足球比赛中密闭空间、心理生理和认知表现的内容进行综述。系统检索了6个数据库，得到7项研究。该研究的特点是基于PICO(人口，干预，比较和结果)标准。结果:目前的研究结果表明，精神疲劳对心理生理反应有负面影响，认知能力受损，技术技能利用率下降。结论:根据这一系统综述，精神疲劳通过损害心理生理反应、认知表现和足球技术技能来降低表现。
{"title":"Psychophysiological Responses and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review of Mental Fatigue on Soccer Performance","authors":"Y. Soylu, Erşan Arslan, Bülent Ki̇li̇t","doi":"10.5812/intjssh.124244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.124244","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Successful performance in soccer is associated with multiple factors such as physical, technical and perceptual-cognitive performance. In contrast to physical fatigue, nowadays one of the most popular affecting factors is mental fatigue, especially in soccer. Objectives: This systematic review aims to clarify the impact of mental fatigue intervention on psychophysiological responses and cognitive performance in soccer. Methods: A literature review was conducted by using the keywords of “mental fatigue and soccer” and “cognitive fatigue and soccer” in the content of confined space, psychophysiological and cognitive performance in soccer within the databases of Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and Sport Discuss from the 1st of January 2010 to the 31st of January 2022. Systematic searches of six databases resulted in consist of 7 studies. The study was characterized based on PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome) criteria. Results: The current results showed that mental fatigue had a negative impact on psychophysiological responses, impaired cognitive performance, and decreased utilization of technical skills. Conclusions: According to this systematic review, mental fatigue reduces performance via impairing psychophysiological responses, cognitive performance, and technical skills in soccer.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126219587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasim Shahrokhian, S. Hassanzadeh, Hadi Hashemi Razini, Maryam Ramshini
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the serious issues which has affected mental health in the world. One of the age groups whose learning processes are highly influenced by the pandemic are adolescents, especially those with low academic performance. Although there have always been problems in the learning process at schools prior to the pandemic, online learning systems have added more challenges to the educational system which results in poor academic performance in this group. Increased stress is among the negative consequence which in turn can affect well-being. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) affects well-being and perceived stress in adolescents with low academic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and follow-up with a control group. The subjects were 30 adolescents with low academic who were chosen based on by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The research tools were the well-being, perceived stress questionnaires, and CBT. The experimental group received CBT intervention for 10 sessions, each for 120 minutes online, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed by the repeated measures analysis method. Results: Based on the obtained results, there was a significant effect of CBT on well-being and perceived stress in the experimental group. The finding indicated that CBT led to increasing wellbeing and reducing perceived stress in adolescents with low academic performance (P ≤ 0.05). This effect impact was persisted following 3 months in the experimental group as well. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of mentioned therapy methods on adolescents with low academic performance, it is necessary to apply such a way to improve the well-being of adolescents and relieve their stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, which consequently leads to academic and mental improvement. Moreover, CBT is a feasible and acceptable intervention in adolescents with low academic performance.
{"title":"The Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in Well-Being and Perceived Stress in Adolescents with Low Academic Performance During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Nasim Shahrokhian, S. Hassanzadeh, Hadi Hashemi Razini, Maryam Ramshini","doi":"10.5812/intjssh.122504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.122504","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the serious issues which has affected mental health in the world. One of the age groups whose learning processes are highly influenced by the pandemic are adolescents, especially those with low academic performance. Although there have always been problems in the learning process at schools prior to the pandemic, online learning systems have added more challenges to the educational system which results in poor academic performance in this group. Increased stress is among the negative consequence which in turn can affect well-being. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) affects well-being and perceived stress in adolescents with low academic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and follow-up with a control group. The subjects were 30 adolescents with low academic who were chosen based on by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The research tools were the well-being, perceived stress questionnaires, and CBT. The experimental group received CBT intervention for 10 sessions, each for 120 minutes online, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed by the repeated measures analysis method. Results: Based on the obtained results, there was a significant effect of CBT on well-being and perceived stress in the experimental group. The finding indicated that CBT led to increasing wellbeing and reducing perceived stress in adolescents with low academic performance (P ≤ 0.05). This effect impact was persisted following 3 months in the experimental group as well. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of mentioned therapy methods on adolescents with low academic performance, it is necessary to apply such a way to improve the well-being of adolescents and relieve their stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, which consequently leads to academic and mental improvement. Moreover, CBT is a feasible and acceptable intervention in adolescents with low academic performance.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132413061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Vancini, Ricardo Borges Viana, Marilia dos Santos Andrade, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, A. Aparecido de Almeida, B. Knechtle
Context: Physical inactivity levels in the course of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak increased significantly. Our aim was to address how the information related to the physical exercise and COVID-19 posted on YouTube reaches the general public during COVID-19 outbreak. Evidence Acquisition: For this, research was carried out crossing the terms covid 19 and physical exercise in the YouTube database. The search was conducted only in the English language and was established/closed on April 26th (2020) to June 26th (2020) in order to observe the dynamics of video production on YouTube. Results: The main terms and concepts mentioned in the analysis of YouTube videos were COVID-19, pandemic, quarantine, social isolation and distance, physical activity, physical exercise, home-based physical exercise, physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, and mental health posted and supported by renowned health and physical activity experts. The recommendations for physical exercise in the current scenario focused on programs that require little equipment and space (carried out indoors and at home) and at low cost in an attempt to maintain and improve physical and mental health from different population groups. Conclusions: Information about COVID-19 and exercise was growing and progressive throughout the pandemic on YouTube. However, care and guidance are needed in using the information provided by YouTube as a source of reference for the practice of physical exercise during the COVID-19 outbreak.
{"title":"YouTube as a Source of Information About Physical Exercise During COVID-19 Outbreak","authors":"R. Vancini, Ricardo Borges Viana, Marilia dos Santos Andrade, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, A. Aparecido de Almeida, B. Knechtle","doi":"10.5812/intjssh.123312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.123312","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Physical inactivity levels in the course of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak increased significantly. Our aim was to address how the information related to the physical exercise and COVID-19 posted on YouTube reaches the general public during COVID-19 outbreak. Evidence Acquisition: For this, research was carried out crossing the terms covid 19 and physical exercise in the YouTube database. The search was conducted only in the English language and was established/closed on April 26th (2020) to June 26th (2020) in order to observe the dynamics of video production on YouTube. Results: The main terms and concepts mentioned in the analysis of YouTube videos were COVID-19, pandemic, quarantine, social isolation and distance, physical activity, physical exercise, home-based physical exercise, physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, and mental health posted and supported by renowned health and physical activity experts. The recommendations for physical exercise in the current scenario focused on programs that require little equipment and space (carried out indoors and at home) and at low cost in an attempt to maintain and improve physical and mental health from different population groups. Conclusions: Information about COVID-19 and exercise was growing and progressive throughout the pandemic on YouTube. However, care and guidance are needed in using the information provided by YouTube as a source of reference for the practice of physical exercise during the COVID-19 outbreak.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"79 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121015843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Caffeine is frequently consumed by athletes to maintain alertness in conditions of sleep loss. However, the effect of caffeine ingestion during total sleep deprivation during aerobic exercise remains questionable. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effects of repeated intake of low-dose caffeine during a night of total sleep deprivation on endurance performance and psychological states. Methods: Twelve recreational runners performed four test sessions in a double-blind randomized order after a placebo or 6 mg/kg of caffeine ingestion after a baseline night (BN) or three doses of 2 mg/kg of caffeine during a night of total sleep deprivation (TSD). At each session, they completed an exhaustive run around a 400 m athletics track and performed the Feeling Scale test. ANOVA with repeated measures followed by paired t-tests was used to analyze the data. Results: In comparison with BN, the TSD condition significantly impaired running performance (P < 0.001). On the contrary, caffeine administration improved endurance running performance (P < 0.001) and increased feeling of well-being (P < 0.05) after TSD night as compared to placebo. Conclusions: Repeated ingestion of low-dose caffeine is an effective way to mitigate the negative effects of total sleep deprivation on endurance performance and mood states.
{"title":"Effects of Repeated Low-Dose Caffeine Ingestion During a Night of Total Sleep Deprivation on Endurance Performance and Psychological State in Young Recreational Runners","authors":"Amir Khcharem, Makram Souissi, Z. Sahnoun","doi":"10.5812/intjssh.123038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.123038","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Caffeine is frequently consumed by athletes to maintain alertness in conditions of sleep loss. However, the effect of caffeine ingestion during total sleep deprivation during aerobic exercise remains questionable. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effects of repeated intake of low-dose caffeine during a night of total sleep deprivation on endurance performance and psychological states. Methods: Twelve recreational runners performed four test sessions in a double-blind randomized order after a placebo or 6 mg/kg of caffeine ingestion after a baseline night (BN) or three doses of 2 mg/kg of caffeine during a night of total sleep deprivation (TSD). At each session, they completed an exhaustive run around a 400 m athletics track and performed the Feeling Scale test. ANOVA with repeated measures followed by paired t-tests was used to analyze the data. Results: In comparison with BN, the TSD condition significantly impaired running performance (P < 0.001). On the contrary, caffeine administration improved endurance running performance (P < 0.001) and increased feeling of well-being (P < 0.05) after TSD night as compared to placebo. Conclusions: Repeated ingestion of low-dose caffeine is an effective way to mitigate the negative effects of total sleep deprivation on endurance performance and mood states.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127862973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Vancini, Marilia dos Santos Andrade, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, B. Knechtle
Context: The process of decline in endurance capacity is particularly insidious over age 60 and varies considerably with sex, task specificity, and individual training status. Around 50 years of age, aging also implies deterioration of neuromuscular function, affecting muscle strength and power. The aim of the present article was to perform a mini-review to verify how ultra-endurance exercises impact the aging process. Evidence Acquisition: For this, we reviewed the PubMed database (on 20/01/2022) by crossing the key terms, in the simple form, “ultra AND endurance AND exercise AND aging”. This research provided 25 articles from which we made a selection. Results: We observed that the number of articles on the topic is low. The main findings showed that ultra-endurance exercise, high volume physical exercise (six-hours or more) with peak intensity moments, in long term, is associated with increased risk of heart disease, sudden death, shortening of telomeres, accelerating aging cell, and harm to the healthy aging process and longevity. Conclusions: There is still little literature about the impacts of ultra-endurance practice on the aging process. Although there are indications that this may happen, such as shortening of telomeres and cellular aging, it is still not possible to establish a cause-effect relationship. Furthermore, it is not just about physical exercise, it is necessary to take into account individual factors (intrinsic and extrinsic) that interact with the sports trajectory, life habits, biology, and genetics.
背景:在60岁以上，耐力能力下降的过程尤其隐蔽，并且因性别、任务特异性和个人训练状态而有很大差异。50岁左右，衰老还意味着神经肌肉功能的恶化，影响肌肉的力量和力量。本文的目的是进行一个小型审查，以验证如何超耐力运动影响老化过程。证据获取:为此，我们回顾了PubMed数据库(20/01/2022)，通过交叉关键术语，以简单的形式，“ultra AND endurance AND exercise AND aging”。这项研究提供了25篇文章，我们从中进行了选择。结果:我们观察到该主题的文章数量很少。主要研究结果表明，从长期来看，超耐力运动、高强度运动(6小时及以上)与心脏病风险增加、猝死、端粒缩短、细胞老化加速以及对健康衰老过程和寿命的危害有关。结论:关于超耐力训练对衰老过程影响的研究文献很少。虽然有迹象表明这可能发生，如端粒缩短和细胞老化，但仍然不可能建立因果关系。此外，这不仅仅是体育锻炼，还需要考虑与运动轨迹、生活习惯、生物学和遗传学相互作用的个体因素(内在和外在)。
{"title":"Is It Possible to Age Healthy by Performing Ultra-endurance Exercises?","authors":"R. Vancini, Marilia dos Santos Andrade, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, B. Knechtle","doi":"10.5812/intjssh.122900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.122900","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The process of decline in endurance capacity is particularly insidious over age 60 and varies considerably with sex, task specificity, and individual training status. Around 50 years of age, aging also implies deterioration of neuromuscular function, affecting muscle strength and power. The aim of the present article was to perform a mini-review to verify how ultra-endurance exercises impact the aging process. Evidence Acquisition: For this, we reviewed the PubMed database (on 20/01/2022) by crossing the key terms, in the simple form, “ultra AND endurance AND exercise AND aging”. This research provided 25 articles from which we made a selection. Results: We observed that the number of articles on the topic is low. The main findings showed that ultra-endurance exercise, high volume physical exercise (six-hours or more) with peak intensity moments, in long term, is associated with increased risk of heart disease, sudden death, shortening of telomeres, accelerating aging cell, and harm to the healthy aging process and longevity. Conclusions: There is still little literature about the impacts of ultra-endurance practice on the aging process. Although there are indications that this may happen, such as shortening of telomeres and cellular aging, it is still not possible to establish a cause-effect relationship. Furthermore, it is not just about physical exercise, it is necessary to take into account individual factors (intrinsic and extrinsic) that interact with the sports trajectory, life habits, biology, and genetics.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131965727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Melatonin is a pineal gland hormone. Melatonin is often used to treat insomnia and enhance sleep quality in a range of situations, including jet lag. However, the benefit and safety profile of daytime melatonin dosing prior to exercise are unknown and warrant additional exploration. Objectives: We aimed to give (i) a brief overview of the beneficial effects of exogenous melatonin administration on sports performance and (ii) some recommendations for acute use of melatonin with a special focus on humans’ physical activity and athletic performance. Methods: To ascertain the effect of exogenous melatonin administration on humans, a systematic review of the literature was undertaken using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Numerous studies in animals have demonstrated the positive impact of melatonin treatment during physical exercise. However, uncertainty remains regarding melatonin's effect on human exercise physiology. Therefore, the present review focuses almost entirely on data obtained from humans. Results: The gathered data indicate that consuming melatonin at night improves sleep quality. In terms of physical activity and sports performance, past research has demonstrated that melatonin administration has a good effect on decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation induced by exercise and providing additional protection for skeletal muscle against exercise-induced oxidative damage in humans. However, when taken at bedtime, melatonin may have an unfavourable influence on performance during acute and strenuous exercise. Conclusions: Exogenous melatonin administration prior to exercise shows significant chronobiotic, antioxidant, antiadrenergic, and hypothermic effects and may represent a fascinating potential weight loss method. However, consuming a high amount of melatonin (6 mg) 50 minutes prior to commencing exercise is not recommended because it may interfere with the physiological reactions to physical activity. Melatonin-related adverse effects were mainly transient and were associated with daytime doses. Melatonin should therefore be provided at night whenever possible.
{"title":"An Overview of the Potential Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Athletic Performance","authors":"A. Souissi, I. Dergaa","doi":"10.5812/intjssh.121714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.121714","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Melatonin is a pineal gland hormone. Melatonin is often used to treat insomnia and enhance sleep quality in a range of situations, including jet lag. However, the benefit and safety profile of daytime melatonin dosing prior to exercise are unknown and warrant additional exploration. Objectives: We aimed to give (i) a brief overview of the beneficial effects of exogenous melatonin administration on sports performance and (ii) some recommendations for acute use of melatonin with a special focus on humans’ physical activity and athletic performance. Methods: To ascertain the effect of exogenous melatonin administration on humans, a systematic review of the literature was undertaken using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Numerous studies in animals have demonstrated the positive impact of melatonin treatment during physical exercise. However, uncertainty remains regarding melatonin's effect on human exercise physiology. Therefore, the present review focuses almost entirely on data obtained from humans. Results: The gathered data indicate that consuming melatonin at night improves sleep quality. In terms of physical activity and sports performance, past research has demonstrated that melatonin administration has a good effect on decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation induced by exercise and providing additional protection for skeletal muscle against exercise-induced oxidative damage in humans. However, when taken at bedtime, melatonin may have an unfavourable influence on performance during acute and strenuous exercise. Conclusions: Exogenous melatonin administration prior to exercise shows significant chronobiotic, antioxidant, antiadrenergic, and hypothermic effects and may represent a fascinating potential weight loss method. However, consuming a high amount of melatonin (6 mg) 50 minutes prior to commencing exercise is not recommended because it may interfere with the physiological reactions to physical activity. Melatonin-related adverse effects were mainly transient and were associated with daytime doses. Melatonin should therefore be provided at night whenever possible.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124998082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Sahli, Najmeddine Ouerghi, N. Jebabli, Sofiene Amara, Faten Sahli, Makram Zghibi
: This study aimed to examine the effects of verbal encouragements (VE) on linear sprint speed, jump height, change of direction (CoD) speed, and subjective perception of effort among high school students. Twenty-three high school male students volunteered to participate in this study (age = 19.70 ± 1.06 years). Participants were evaluated during two separate sessions (first session with VE and second session without VE) in a randomized order. The teacher provided VE during each physical test. Jump height [squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), five jump test (FJT)], linear sprint speed (10-m and 30-m sprint), and CoD speed (30-m with CoD) were performed during the two sessions. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded after each session. Results indicated that VE induced moderate but sig-nificant improvement in 10-m (ES = 0.71, P = 0.023) and 30-m (ES = 0.76, P = 0.016) sprint speed. However, the 30-m sprint with CoD did not change across conditions (P > 0.05). For jump tests, significant moderate-to-large increases were observed under the VE compared with the non-VE condition (ES = 0.65 to 0.90; P = 0.005 to 0.037). Findings showed a large increase in effort perception following VE compared to the non-VE condition (ES = 1.54, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that VE has a positive impact on measures of physical fitness but increases effort perception.
摘要:本研究旨在探讨言语鼓励对高中生线性冲刺速度、跳跃高度、方向改变速度和主观努力知觉的影响。自愿参加本研究的高中男生23名(年龄= 19.70±1.06岁)。参与者在两个单独的会议(第一次会议有VE和第二次会议没有VE)中以随机顺序进行评估。每次体检时老师都提供VE。测定两组运动员的起跳高度[深蹲跳(SJ)、反动作跳(CMJ)、五跳测试(FJT)]、直线冲刺速度(10米和30米冲刺)和CoD速度(30米带CoD)。每次训练结束后，记录感知运动强度评分(RPE)。结果表明，VE对10-m (ES = 0.71, P = 0.023)和30-m (ES = 0.76, P = 0.016)冲刺速度有中度但显著的改善。各工况下30米冲刺CoD值无显著差异(P > 0.05)。在跳跃测试中，与非VE条件相比，VE条件下观察到显著的中大型增加(ES = 0.65至0.90;P = 0.005 ~ 0.037)。研究结果显示，与非VE条件相比，VE后的努力知觉显著增加(ES = 1.54, P < 0.001)。综上所述，本研究的结果表明，VE对身体健康的测量有积极的影响，但增加了努力感。
{"title":"Effects of Verbal Encouragements on Selected Measures of Physical Fitness and Subjective Effort Perception in Young High School Students","authors":"H. Sahli, Najmeddine Ouerghi, N. Jebabli, Sofiene Amara, Faten Sahli, Makram Zghibi","doi":"10.5812/intjssh.122590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.122590","url":null,"abstract":": This study aimed to examine the effects of verbal encouragements (VE) on linear sprint speed, jump height, change of direction (CoD) speed, and subjective perception of effort among high school students. Twenty-three high school male students volunteered to participate in this study (age = 19.70 ± 1.06 years). Participants were evaluated during two separate sessions (first session with VE and second session without VE) in a randomized order. The teacher provided VE during each physical test. Jump height [squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), five jump test (FJT)], linear sprint speed (10-m and 30-m sprint), and CoD speed (30-m with CoD) were performed during the two sessions. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded after each session. Results indicated that VE induced moderate but sig-nificant improvement in 10-m (ES = 0.71, P = 0.023) and 30-m (ES = 0.76, P = 0.016) sprint speed. However, the 30-m sprint with CoD did not change across conditions (P > 0.05). For jump tests, significant moderate-to-large increases were observed under the VE compared with the non-VE condition (ES = 0.65 to 0.90; P = 0.005 to 0.037). Findings showed a large increase in effort perception following VE compared to the non-VE condition (ES = 1.54, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that VE has a positive impact on measures of physical fitness but increases effort perception.","PeriodicalId":118920,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sport Studies for Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114953980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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