Climate change imposes detrimental heat stress, which disrupts the thermo-regulatory balance of cattle and buffaloes. Quantifying heat stress through bioclimatic indices is a vital step for identifying suitable mitigation/adaptation strategies. So, the trend of different comfort indices for cattle was computed (2000-2019) and used for estimating milk production as these indices provide a holistic view of the bovine’s thermoneutral status. The trend analysis of seasonal comfort index (CI) through box plot analysis indicated that Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI) had shifted from ‘Low Impact’ to ‘High Impact’, Temperature Humidity Index (THI) had shifted from ‘Normal’ to ‘Danger’ and Comprehensive Climate Index (CCI) had shifted from ‘No stress’ to ‘Mild stress’ from winter to summer season indicating the impact of heat stress during the latter period. The milk production in April had a significant correlation with BGHI, Heat Load Index (HLI), Respiration Rate (RR), THI, CCI, and Equivalent Temperature Index (ETI). Milk production in May and June had a significant relationship with ETI and THI. Lactation-wise milk production analysis indicated that sixth lactation is related to ETI and HLI. Fourth and second lactation had a significant relation with all indices estimated and the first stage of lactation with BGHI, ETI, and RR. The CI with the highest correlation coefficients were used to develop a regression model for a respective month and lactation stage.
{"title":"Computation of comfort indices for livestock in central Punjab","authors":"Aatralarasi S, Dhaliwal Lk, Kingra Pk, Puneet Malhotra, Gourav Jain","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00342","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change imposes detrimental heat stress, which disrupts the thermo-regulatory balance of cattle and buffaloes. Quantifying heat stress through bioclimatic indices is a vital step for identifying suitable mitigation/adaptation strategies. So, the trend of different comfort indices for cattle was computed (2000-2019) and used for estimating milk production as these indices provide a holistic view of the bovine’s thermoneutral status. The trend analysis of seasonal comfort index (CI) through box plot analysis indicated that Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI) had shifted from ‘Low Impact’ to ‘High Impact’, Temperature Humidity Index (THI) had shifted from ‘Normal’ to ‘Danger’ and Comprehensive Climate Index (CCI) had shifted from ‘No stress’ to ‘Mild stress’ from winter to summer season indicating the impact of heat stress during the latter period. The milk production in April had a significant correlation with BGHI, Heat Load Index (HLI), Respiration Rate (RR), THI, CCI, and Equivalent Temperature Index (ETI). Milk production in May and June had a significant relationship with ETI and THI. Lactation-wise milk production analysis indicated that sixth lactation is related to ETI and HLI. Fourth and second lactation had a significant relation with all indices estimated and the first stage of lactation with BGHI, ETI, and RR. The CI with the highest correlation coefficients were used to develop a regression model for a respective month and lactation stage.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"146 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140455943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00341
Nathalia Marques Andreo, Victor Gabriel Presnal, Gabriel Aguiar Pavilak, Isaac Romani, Tais Harumi de Castro Sasahara, Leonardo Martins Leal
The complete blood count (CBC) is a test commonly carried out in the preoperative period of surgical procedures in dogs and cats. Blood cells are analyzed for information that reflects the patient's systemic condition, and it is possible to identify some alterations and diseases, even in asymptomatic patients. This study evaluated the preoperative blood count of 119 animals from elective surgeries performed between 2016 and 2021. The most common alteration found was hyperproteinemia with 31.63% (31), followed by thrombocytopenia with 20.41% (20), erythrocytosis 18.37% (18), thrombocytosis 11.22% (11), leukocytosis 8.16% (8) and anemia with 7.14% (7). The least frequent alteration found was leukopenia, with 3.06% (3). In general, 54,17% of the animals had some laboratory alteration, even though they were clinically healthy. Thus, it was possible to confirm the importance of the preoperative blood count in dogs and cats, highlighting the need for this complementary test to minimize surgical risks to the patient.
{"title":"Importance of pre-operative complete blood count in elective surgical procedures in dogs and cats - retrospective study","authors":"Nathalia Marques Andreo, Victor Gabriel Presnal, Gabriel Aguiar Pavilak, Isaac Romani, Tais Harumi de Castro Sasahara, Leonardo Martins Leal","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00341","url":null,"abstract":"The complete blood count (CBC) is a test commonly carried out in the preoperative period of surgical procedures in dogs and cats. Blood cells are analyzed for information that reflects the patient's systemic condition, and it is possible to identify some alterations and diseases, even in asymptomatic patients. This study evaluated the preoperative blood count of 119 animals from elective surgeries performed between 2016 and 2021. The most common alteration found was hyperproteinemia with 31.63% (31), followed by thrombocytopenia with 20.41% (20), erythrocytosis 18.37% (18), thrombocytosis 11.22% (11), leukocytosis 8.16% (8) and anemia with 7.14% (7). The least frequent alteration found was leukopenia, with 3.06% (3). In general, 54,17% of the animals had some laboratory alteration, even though they were clinically healthy. Thus, it was possible to confirm the importance of the preoperative blood count in dogs and cats, highlighting the need for this complementary test to minimize surgical risks to the patient.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139964550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00340
Paolo Ruggero Errante
The canine hypothyroidism corresponds to a hormonal disorder, mainly caused by destruction of the thyroid gland, followed by idiopathic thyroid degeneration or idiopathic follicular atrophy, leading to a low production of the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The canine iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism consists of a disorder caused by the prolonged use of corticosteroids for therapeutic purposes, in most cases in allergic processes, such as canine atopy. In this case report, a twelve-year-old female Schnauzer was presented to the clinical facility with signs of apathy, polyphagia and non-pruritic bilateral symmetric alopecia that extended to the tip of the tail but sparing the head and limbs. Other clinical manifestations included polyuria, polydipsia, and bilateral keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The animal was submitted to the blood count, T4, T3, TSH dosage, dexamethasone suppression test, biochemical tests, and imaging tests. Exam results demonstrate the presence of hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism. Since the use of corticosteroids in canine allergic diseases can lead to the development of hyperadrenocorticism, and hypothyroidism corresponds to the most common endocrinopathy in dogs, it is essential that the clinical veterinarian is able to identify these diseases early.
{"title":"A case report of association between canine iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism","authors":"Paolo Ruggero Errante","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00340","url":null,"abstract":"The canine hypothyroidism corresponds to a hormonal disorder, mainly caused by destruction of the thyroid gland, followed by idiopathic thyroid degeneration or idiopathic follicular atrophy, leading to a low production of the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The canine iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism consists of a disorder caused by the prolonged use of corticosteroids for therapeutic purposes, in most cases in allergic processes, such as canine atopy. In this case report, a twelve-year-old female Schnauzer was presented to the clinical facility with signs of apathy, polyphagia and non-pruritic bilateral symmetric alopecia that extended to the tip of the tail but sparing the head and limbs. Other clinical manifestations included polyuria, polydipsia, and bilateral keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The animal was submitted to the blood count, T4, T3, TSH dosage, dexamethasone suppression test, biochemical tests, and imaging tests. Exam results demonstrate the presence of hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism. Since the use of corticosteroids in canine allergic diseases can lead to the development of hyperadrenocorticism, and hypothyroidism corresponds to the most common endocrinopathy in dogs, it is essential that the clinical veterinarian is able to identify these diseases early.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00339
Bárbara de Paula Serrano, André Rinaldi Fukushima, Juliana Weckx Peña Muñoz, Fábia Luvisetto do Nascimento, Vinícius dos Santos Fernandes Conceição, Gabriel Ribeiro Almeida, Thayná Raineri Almeida, Cristiane Luchesi de Mello Morais, Fábio Futema
Epidural anesthesia is a loco-regional blocking technique used to prevent and control pain in pathological processes and surgical procedures, widely used in veterinary medicine. The present work aims at performing a detailed literature review, preferably of the last twenty years, on the various aspects of this technique, including anatomy of the epidural space and peculiarities in small animals, pharmacology and toxicology of the main local anesthetics used, methods for identifying the epidural space, as well as recommended doses, indications, contraindications, and complications of the procedure. With the development of this literature review, it was found that the volume, concentration, and mass of local anesthetics, in addition to knowledge of anatomy and pharmacology of local anesthetics, plays a key role in the success of the technique. Moreover, it was noticed that, with the advent of ultrasonography, the identification of the epidural space is more accurate, compared to other methods. It was concluded that epidural anesthesia is a safe procedure, but not free of possible complications and side effects, as well as any anesthetic procedure. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate each case individually, always valuing the welfare of the patient.
{"title":"Advancements in epidural anesthesia for small animals: a comprehensive literature review","authors":"Bárbara de Paula Serrano, André Rinaldi Fukushima, Juliana Weckx Peña Muñoz, Fábia Luvisetto do Nascimento, Vinícius dos Santos Fernandes Conceição, Gabriel Ribeiro Almeida, Thayná Raineri Almeida, Cristiane Luchesi de Mello Morais, Fábio Futema","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2024.13.00339","url":null,"abstract":"Epidural anesthesia is a loco-regional blocking technique used to prevent and control pain in pathological processes and surgical procedures, widely used in veterinary medicine. The present work aims at performing a detailed literature review, preferably of the last twenty years, on the various aspects of this technique, including anatomy of the epidural space and peculiarities in small animals, pharmacology and toxicology of the main local anesthetics used, methods for identifying the epidural space, as well as recommended doses, indications, contraindications, and complications of the procedure. With the development of this literature review, it was found that the volume, concentration, and mass of local anesthetics, in addition to knowledge of anatomy and pharmacology of local anesthetics, plays a key role in the success of the technique. Moreover, it was noticed that, with the advent of ultrasonography, the identification of the epidural space is more accurate, compared to other methods. It was concluded that epidural anesthesia is a safe procedure, but not free of possible complications and side effects, as well as any anesthetic procedure. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate each case individually, always valuing the welfare of the patient.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"205 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00337
Maria Luiza de Sousa Barbosa
The most common cause of shock in cats is trauma, due to fights with other animals and being run over. Regardless of the cause, shock can be fatal. Arnica montana is well used on tissues, skin and holes, always of traumatic origin. It reabsorbs internal bleeding, in addition to being a great option for controlling pain in these origins. This work aims to describe the use of homeopathy as a veterinary emergency tool, proving its effectiveness in supporting a cat victim of trauma due to being run over. A heavy seven-year-old mixed-breed cat received homeopathic support shortly after the trauma. Arnica montana 30 cH was administered in the plus method for two hours. Ultradilution kept the cat with a good breathing pattern and with all stimuli preserved, after six hours the patient presented cardiorespiratory arrest, leading to death. At necropsy, there was the presence of a discrete hematoma in the right lateral abdominal muscles and the presence of intestinal loops in the right internal femoral bone, characterizing a femoral hernia. The choice was unique and its use corroborates the well-being measures and responsibility of the Veterinarian in providing the first care. This study allowed a greater elucidation of the applicability of homeopathic therapy in the veterinary emergency room.
{"title":"Emergency aid: emergency homeopathic treatment in a cat victim of a runway","authors":"Maria Luiza de Sousa Barbosa","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00337","url":null,"abstract":"The most common cause of shock in cats is trauma, due to fights with other animals and being run over. Regardless of the cause, shock can be fatal. Arnica montana is well used on tissues, skin and holes, always of traumatic origin. It reabsorbs internal bleeding, in addition to being a great option for controlling pain in these origins. This work aims to describe the use of homeopathy as a veterinary emergency tool, proving its effectiveness in supporting a cat victim of trauma due to being run over. A heavy seven-year-old mixed-breed cat received homeopathic support shortly after the trauma. Arnica montana 30 cH was administered in the plus method for two hours. Ultradilution kept the cat with a good breathing pattern and with all stimuli preserved, after six hours the patient presented cardiorespiratory arrest, leading to death. At necropsy, there was the presence of a discrete hematoma in the right lateral abdominal muscles and the presence of intestinal loops in the right internal femoral bone, characterizing a femoral hernia. The choice was unique and its use corroborates the well-being measures and responsibility of the Veterinarian in providing the first care. This study allowed a greater elucidation of the applicability of homeopathic therapy in the veterinary emergency room.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00330
Abdissa Lemma, D. Fufa
Livestock play a major role in the livelihoods of over 70% of the population. Small ruminants provide with a vast range of products and services, including milk, meat, skins, and wool throughout the year. Diseases of small ruminants are one of the common problems that hinder production. One is Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), or small ruminant plague, is a viral disease primarily affecting goats and sheep. The objectives of the study were to prioritize the major diseases of sheep and goat in selected districts of oromia Regional state based on producer’s perception in participatory manner and to understand the status of PPR through PDS technique to enlighten further epidemiological study and future control endeavor. Two districts were selected from the zone (Fentale and Adama) and the selection of the PAs (the lowest administrative level in Ethiopia) in each district was determined in discussion with the district livestock offices. A PDS team from Asella Regional Veterinary Laboratory was deployed to field and collected, reviewed of secondary data and participatory disease search at the zone. Participatory epidemiology techniques like Semi structured interviewing, Ranking and scoring, participatory mapping, proportional pilling and semi-structured interview and seasonal disease calendars were utilized. The major livestock species raised in Fentale are cattle, Sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, camels and poultry and whereas, major livestock species rose in Adama are cattle, Goat, Sheep, donkeys, Horse, mules and poultry. In all district, disease is mentioned the major challenge to the production of small ruminant. A disease like PPR, Fasciolosis, Pasterolosis, footrot, Sheep and Goat pox were the main small ruminant disease mentioned.
{"title":"Partipatory disease surveilance in Fentale & Adama Districts of East Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State","authors":"Abdissa Lemma, D. Fufa","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00330","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock play a major role in the livelihoods of over 70% of the population. Small ruminants provide with a vast range of products and services, including milk, meat, skins, and wool throughout the year. Diseases of small ruminants are one of the common problems that hinder production. One is Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), or small ruminant plague, is a viral disease primarily affecting goats and sheep. The objectives of the study were to prioritize the major diseases of sheep and goat in selected districts of oromia Regional state based on producer’s perception in participatory manner and to understand the status of PPR through PDS technique to enlighten further epidemiological study and future control endeavor. Two districts were selected from the zone (Fentale and Adama) and the selection of the PAs (the lowest administrative level in Ethiopia) in each district was determined in discussion with the district livestock offices. A PDS team from Asella Regional Veterinary Laboratory was deployed to field and collected, reviewed of secondary data and participatory disease search at the zone. Participatory epidemiology techniques like Semi structured interviewing, Ranking and scoring, participatory mapping, proportional pilling and semi-structured interview and seasonal disease calendars were utilized. The major livestock species raised in Fentale are cattle, Sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, camels and poultry and whereas, major livestock species rose in Adama are cattle, Goat, Sheep, donkeys, Horse, mules and poultry. In all district, disease is mentioned the major challenge to the production of small ruminant. A disease like PPR, Fasciolosis, Pasterolosis, footrot, Sheep and Goat pox were the main small ruminant disease mentioned.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134222914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00329
Serap Göncü, Muhammed İkbal Yeşil, M. Görgülü
This study was aimed to compare two different milk replacers (MR 22-18 (protein-fat), and MR 21-17 (Protein fat, LACALF)) instead of whole milk on calf growth performance, blood parameters, and economy. 42 Holstein calves born between November 2021 and May 2022 on an intensive dairy farm in the Mediterranean area were employed for this purpose. The calves were distributed in the control (whole milk), milk replacer 22-18, and milk replacer 21-17 groups, with the mean of gender and birth weights being similar for each group. The calves were kept together with their mothers for the first 3 days after birth to ensure that they received sufficient colostrum under similar farm conditions. Beginning from the second week, the calves were given free alfalfa hay and calf starter feed. After the calves consumed the liquid feed, their buckets were kept filled with water throughout the day and they were provided with free clean water. Body weight, feed consumption, body measurements, and blood samples were taken from each group of calves twice at the beginning and end of the trial. The results showed that MR 21-17 resulted similar in calf performance with whole milk, but MR 22-18 had lower growth performance compared to milk and MR 21-17 as MR 22-18 was contained higher fat and protein than MR 21-17. MR 21-17 has also lower feeding cost compared to whole milk and MR 22-18. The performance results revealed that milk replacer ingredient quality is main issues for effective calf growth.
{"title":"The effect of different milk replacers on Holstein calf performances, health, blood parameters, and economy","authors":"Serap Göncü, Muhammed İkbal Yeşil, M. Görgülü","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00329","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to compare two different milk replacers (MR 22-18 (protein-fat), and MR 21-17 (Protein fat, LACALF)) instead of whole milk on calf growth performance, blood parameters, and economy. 42 Holstein calves born between November 2021 and May 2022 on an intensive dairy farm in the Mediterranean area were employed for this purpose. The calves were distributed in the control (whole milk), milk replacer 22-18, and milk replacer 21-17 groups, with the mean of gender and birth weights being similar for each group. The calves were kept together with their mothers for the first 3 days after birth to ensure that they received sufficient colostrum under similar farm conditions. Beginning from the second week, the calves were given free alfalfa hay and calf starter feed. After the calves consumed the liquid feed, their buckets were kept filled with water throughout the day and they were provided with free clean water. Body weight, feed consumption, body measurements, and blood samples were taken from each group of calves twice at the beginning and end of the trial. The results showed that MR 21-17 resulted similar in calf performance with whole milk, but MR 22-18 had lower growth performance compared to milk and MR 21-17 as MR 22-18 was contained higher fat and protein than MR 21-17. MR 21-17 has also lower feeding cost compared to whole milk and MR 22-18. The performance results revealed that milk replacer ingredient quality is main issues for effective calf growth.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126360181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00328
Daniela Ferreira Matias, Ana Raquel Carrilho Paixão, L. Martins
A main reason for veterinary consultation is related to dermatological conditions, with pruritus as a frequent complaint. Allergic-based Inflammatory conditions with several complications, such as alopecia and secondary infections, are common. Besides the immune-mediated triggering factors, assessment of the skin barrier, aiming restoring its effect stands essential. Defects in skin lipid and protein constitution are among human and animal skin barrier-impairing causes, favoring a deep penetration of different agents. Allergen and microorganism deep-skin penetration triggers an immune response, frequently associated to inflammation and itching, which may be enhanced by a genetic predisposition to sensitization and allergy. Human and dog skin show several constitutional similarities that have been identified as relevant for the barrier condition, which may influence both species susceptibility for allergy development and may allow for a two-way Human-dog model as both share the same environment, with the same exposome.
{"title":"Skin barrier in veterinary allergy or the animal [and human] skin protective hat","authors":"Daniela Ferreira Matias, Ana Raquel Carrilho Paixão, L. Martins","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00328","url":null,"abstract":"A main reason for veterinary consultation is related to dermatological conditions, with pruritus as a frequent complaint. Allergic-based Inflammatory conditions with several complications, such as alopecia and secondary infections, are common. Besides the immune-mediated triggering factors, assessment of the skin barrier, aiming restoring its effect stands essential. Defects in skin lipid and protein constitution are among human and animal skin barrier-impairing causes, favoring a deep penetration of different agents. Allergen and microorganism deep-skin penetration triggers an immune response, frequently associated to inflammation and itching, which may be enhanced by a genetic predisposition to sensitization and allergy. Human and dog skin show several constitutional similarities that have been identified as relevant for the barrier condition, which may influence both species susceptibility for allergy development and may allow for a two-way Human-dog model as both share the same environment, with the same exposome.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115145861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00327
J. Arvaiová, F. Zigo, Šimon Halás, S. Ondrašovičová, J. Výrostková, Kathrine H Bak, P. Paulsen
The aim of this study was to reduce the prevalence of mastitis by introduction of effective anti-mastitis measures in a herd of 125 dairy cows. The effectiveness of the relevant measures was monitored by six examinations conducted in two-month intervals during the one-year period. A reduction in the prevalence of mastitis was recorded from 53.6% to 22.9%, i.e. by 26.0%. The prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. as the most frequently isolated pathogens of the mammary gland in the examined samples gradually reduced from 33.4% to 18.4%, 14.1%, 10.0%, 7.6%, and 8.1%. In contrast to the dynamics of mastitis, the monthly fluctuations in the values of somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) in bulk tank milk samples were irregular. However, a declining dynamics of SCC and TBC was evident during the last three samplings which reflected a reduction in the counts of udder pathogens after the treatment and introduction of mastitis suppression procedures.
{"title":"Reduction of intramammary infections in dairy cow herd by application of mastitis suppression procedures","authors":"J. Arvaiová, F. Zigo, Šimon Halás, S. Ondrašovičová, J. Výrostková, Kathrine H Bak, P. Paulsen","doi":"10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00327","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to reduce the prevalence of mastitis by introduction of effective anti-mastitis measures in a herd of 125 dairy cows. The effectiveness of the relevant measures was monitored by six examinations conducted in two-month intervals during the one-year period. A reduction in the prevalence of mastitis was recorded from 53.6% to 22.9%, i.e. by 26.0%. The prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. as the most frequently isolated pathogens of the mammary gland in the examined samples gradually reduced from 33.4% to 18.4%, 14.1%, 10.0%, 7.6%, and 8.1%. In contrast to the dynamics of mastitis, the monthly fluctuations in the values of somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) in bulk tank milk samples were irregular. However, a declining dynamics of SCC and TBC was evident during the last three samplings which reflected a reduction in the counts of udder pathogens after the treatment and introduction of mastitis suppression procedures.","PeriodicalId":119303,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121791368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00326
Chu Thi Thanh Huong, P. Thi Ngoc, Truong Ha Thai
Salmonella spp. and E. coli isolated from 515 samples collected from poultry farms at the north Vietnam. The results showed that the presence of E. coli in the poultry farm was 59.4%. The highest positive rate was fecal samples 78.0%; following by sewages samples (77.8%), poultry house floors swap samples (68.0%), drinking water (17.8%), tools samples (16.7%) and none of 45 food samples were E. coli positive isolation. In this study, 37 samples (7.2%) were Salmonella positive isolation including 10.0% fecal samples; 9.3% poultry house floors swap and 6.7% seweages samples. The E.coli isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline (85.3%), streptomycin (83.3%), ampicillin (61.8%), trimethoprim (56.9%) and nalidixic acid (55.9%). They were low resistant to ceftazidime (6.9%) and nitrofurantoin (12.7%). The other antibiotics such as norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were resisted by E.coli isolates range from 15.7% to 32.4%. In our results, the Salmonella isolates were commonly resistant to streptomycin (89.2%), tetracycline (83.8%) and ampicillin (59.5%). Three antibiotic such as ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and norfloxacin were resisted by the Salmonella isolates with the similar rates (21.6%). Salmonella isolates showed resistance to ceftazidime at the lowest rate (16.2%). Of the isolated trains, 65.7% of the E. coli and 62.2% of the Salmonella isolates showed multi-drug resistance. The data suggest that detection of resistance isolates from chicken, poultry environment, and humans need for one health consideration in the usage of antibiotics in the poultry industry.
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