Pub Date : 2017-05-26DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060503
A. Sayad, M. Abdollahi, M. Vodjgani, K. Abdi, F. Gharagozloo, M. Rezvanfar, H. Akbarein, M. Koohi
Ovarian cyst is a common disease affecting dairy cows. It is one of the major causes of infertility in dairy cattle. Pathological ovarian cysts are classified into two groups including follicular and luteal cysts. Due to reduced fertility, increased calving interval, and the increase in the culling of cattle as a result of infertility, livestock industry has suffered from abundant financial losses. Hormonal and endocrine disorders are the causes of this disease that may occur through endocrine disrupting pesticides. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma levels of diazinon and malathion with follicular cysts in dairy cattle. A case-control study was conducted on 30 cows. Diagnosis and selection of 15 cows (as the case group) with follicular cysts were done via rectal touch and ultrasonography, and plasma progesterone level was measured by a specialist. Control group consisted of 15 healthy cows that were homogenized with case group. Blood samples were taken from tail vein and were centrifuged, and the plasma was separated and stored at -80° C. Malathion and diazinon pesticides were measured by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography Mass) method in the plasma of the samples with 30ppb resolution. Independent t-test was used for comparing the means in healthy and case independent groups. P 0.05), it can be stated that there is no correlation between diazinon and malathion pesticides, and the risk of follicular cysts in dairy cows.
{"title":"The Relationship between Diazinon and Malathion Plasma Levels with Follicular Cyst Disease in Dairy Cows","authors":"A. Sayad, M. Abdollahi, M. Vodjgani, K. Abdi, F. Gharagozloo, M. Rezvanfar, H. Akbarein, M. Koohi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060503","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian cyst is a common disease affecting dairy cows. It is one of the major causes of infertility in dairy cattle. Pathological ovarian cysts are classified into two groups including follicular and luteal cysts. Due to reduced fertility, increased calving interval, and the increase in the culling of cattle as a result of infertility, livestock industry has suffered from abundant financial losses. Hormonal and endocrine disorders are the causes of this disease that may occur through endocrine disrupting pesticides. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma levels of diazinon and malathion with follicular cysts in dairy cattle. A case-control study was conducted on 30 cows. Diagnosis and selection of 15 cows (as the case group) with follicular cysts were done via rectal touch and ultrasonography, and plasma progesterone level was measured by a specialist. Control group consisted of 15 healthy cows that were homogenized with case group. Blood samples were taken from tail vein and were centrifuged, and the plasma was separated and stored at -80° C. Malathion and diazinon pesticides were measured by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography Mass) method in the plasma of the samples with 30ppb resolution. Independent t-test was used for comparing the means in healthy and case independent groups. P 0.05), it can be stated that there is no correlation between diazinon and malathion pesticides, and the risk of follicular cysts in dairy cows.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124835357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was performed as a clinical trial conducted in Russia concerning the diagnostic efficacy of Hexasens drug. The photosensitizer based on hexyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid was used for the fluorescence diagnosis of bladder cancer. The study was conducted in 2015-2016 on the basis of the City Clinical Hospital No. 40 (Moscow, Russia). 53 patients were involved into study and were diagnosed as bladder cancer in T1N0M0 stage. Fluorescence diagnosis was carried out for 1 hour after the intravesical induction of 0.2% solution (50 mL or 100 mg) of Hexasens drug (FSUE "SSC NIOPIK", Russia). The results of the fluorescence diagnosis were compared with the results of the standard routine cystoscopy. The found results showed that the performance of fluorescent diagnostics (FD) led to improve diagnostic sensitivity as 13.2% compared to standard cystoscopy (from 86.8% to 100%); the diagnosis accuracy increased as 8.8% (from 91.2% to 100%) and a negative predictive value increased as 20.9% (from 79.1% to 100%). During the carrying out of fluorescence diagnosis, 8 patients (15.0%) out of 53 ones also revealed 14 fluorescing foci that not identified in white light, in which the tumorous process in them was confirmed during morphological study. The induction of Hexasens solution into a bladder and the carrying out of a fluorescent diagnosis was not accompanied by the development of any adverse reactions. Patients showed a subjective discomfort only during a prolonged exposure of the drug solution in a bladder (up to 2 hours). The developed diagnosis methods is recommended for the applying in advanced clinical diagnosis.
{"title":"Fluorescent Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer by Hexasens as a Drug","authors":"Slovokhodov Egor Konstantinovich, Ivanova-Radkevich Veronika Igorevna, Brodsky Ilya Borisovich","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060701","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed as a clinical trial conducted in Russia concerning the diagnostic efficacy of Hexasens drug. The photosensitizer based on hexyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid was used for the fluorescence diagnosis of bladder cancer. The study was conducted in 2015-2016 on the basis of the City Clinical Hospital No. 40 (Moscow, Russia). 53 patients were involved into study and were diagnosed as bladder cancer in T1N0M0 stage. Fluorescence diagnosis was carried out for 1 hour after the intravesical induction of 0.2% solution (50 mL or 100 mg) of Hexasens drug (FSUE \"SSC NIOPIK\", Russia). The results of the fluorescence diagnosis were compared with the results of the standard routine cystoscopy. The found results showed that the performance of fluorescent diagnostics (FD) led to improve diagnostic sensitivity as 13.2% compared to standard cystoscopy (from 86.8% to 100%); the diagnosis accuracy increased as 8.8% (from 91.2% to 100%) and a negative predictive value increased as 20.9% (from 79.1% to 100%). During the carrying out of fluorescence diagnosis, 8 patients (15.0%) out of 53 ones also revealed 14 fluorescing foci that not identified in white light, in which the tumorous process in them was confirmed during morphological study. The induction of Hexasens solution into a bladder and the carrying out of a fluorescent diagnosis was not accompanied by the development of any adverse reactions. Patients showed a subjective discomfort only during a prolonged exposure of the drug solution in a bladder (up to 2 hours). The developed diagnosis methods is recommended for the applying in advanced clinical diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127937400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-22DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060403
Alireza Oboodi, E. Fathi, H. Nezammahalleh
In the present work, a novel down-flow biofilter with four identical layers was developed for the de-nitrification of 100 mg L-1 nitrate contaminated wastewater, flowing horizontally from one layer to another in a continuous fashion. This biofilter can be applied for long-term continuous wastewater treatment without any need to whole system shutdown and backwashing. The clogged layer or the deactivated section can be easily spotted and repaired while the system is under continuous operation. To attain a short startup period, the effect of two main constructional parameters, namely, filter media and inoculants source, were then investigated.. Two studied filter media were sand and woodchips. The pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the mixed cultures of activated sludge and wastewater were three common inoculants under investigation. The biofilter packed with woodchips seeded with the wastewater resulted in the least startup period of about 3 days with a steady nitrate removal efficiency of 90 %.
{"title":"Development of a Denitrifying Biofilter with Short Start-up Period","authors":"Alireza Oboodi, E. Fathi, H. Nezammahalleh","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060403","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, a novel down-flow biofilter with four identical layers was developed for the de-nitrification of 100 mg L-1 nitrate contaminated wastewater, flowing horizontally from one layer to another in a continuous fashion. This biofilter can be applied for long-term continuous wastewater treatment without any need to whole system shutdown and backwashing. The clogged layer or the deactivated section can be easily spotted and repaired while the system is under continuous operation. To attain a short startup period, the effect of two main constructional parameters, namely, filter media and inoculants source, were then investigated.. Two studied filter media were sand and woodchips. The pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the mixed cultures of activated sludge and wastewater were three common inoculants under investigation. The biofilter packed with woodchips seeded with the wastewater resulted in the least startup period of about 3 days with a steady nitrate removal efficiency of 90 %.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126017130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-15DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060501
E. S. Mikhailova, Vladimir Valerevich Кostyunichev, L. Ermolaeva, Natalia Alexandrovna Socolovich, N. A. Ogrina, N. A. Sheveleva, Sergey Nikolaevich Zhovtyy, A. A. Polens
A comprehensive survey of 226 patients with an allergy to metal alloys applied in the clinic prosthodontics. In this study, the total Immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE- and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) -antibodies to metal ions in serum and in mixed saliva were measured. In the mixed saliva no significant increasing in IgE-antibodies to metal ions has been revealed, IgG-antibodies to gold, cobalt, chromium, nickel, copper, palladium and platinum ions in low titers were defined in elderly patients. To predict the development of allergic reactions in patients with metal alloys prosthetic constructions, specific serum IgG-antibodies to metal ions that characterize the frequency of contact with the allergen were measured. The content of specific IgE-antibodies to metal ions in serum measured to recognize a primary response to allergens (no history of contact with the metal alloys used in prosthetic dentistry). The investigation of specific IgE- and IgG-antibodies to metal ions in serum has shown the largest number of positive tests to copper (11.3%), gold (10.8%), cobalt (9.9%) and nickel ions (9.3%). The verification of clinical and diagnostic significance of revealing specific antibodies to metal ions in patients with allergies to metal alloys used in prosthetic dentistry, showed that the use of these methods is an auxiliary diagnostic tool and it can only be interpreted in conjunction with the results of clinical examination of the patients.
{"title":"Clinical-diagnostic Significance of Recognition of Specific Antibodies in Patients with Allergies to Metal Alloys Used in Prosthetic Dentistry","authors":"E. S. Mikhailova, Vladimir Valerevich Кostyunichev, L. Ermolaeva, Natalia Alexandrovna Socolovich, N. A. Ogrina, N. A. Sheveleva, Sergey Nikolaevich Zhovtyy, A. A. Polens","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060501","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive survey of 226 patients with an allergy to metal alloys applied in the clinic prosthodontics. In this study, the total Immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE- and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) -antibodies to metal ions in serum and in mixed saliva were measured. In the mixed saliva no significant increasing in IgE-antibodies to metal ions has been revealed, IgG-antibodies to gold, cobalt, chromium, nickel, copper, palladium and platinum ions in low titers were defined in elderly patients. To predict the development of allergic reactions in patients with metal alloys prosthetic constructions, specific serum IgG-antibodies to metal ions that characterize the frequency of contact with the allergen were measured. The content of specific IgE-antibodies to metal ions in serum measured to recognize a primary response to allergens (no history of contact with the metal alloys used in prosthetic dentistry). The investigation of specific IgE- and IgG-antibodies to metal ions in serum has shown the largest number of positive tests to copper (11.3%), gold (10.8%), cobalt (9.9%) and nickel ions (9.3%). The verification of clinical and diagnostic significance of revealing specific antibodies to metal ions in patients with allergies to metal alloys used in prosthetic dentistry, showed that the use of these methods is an auxiliary diagnostic tool and it can only be interpreted in conjunction with the results of clinical examination of the patients.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134041601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-10DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01061104
F. Ghoreishi, Z. Etemadifar
Worldwide industrial activities produce large amount of metal wastes. Metals remediation by microbial activities associated with phosphorus metabolism is a promising method. The goals of this study were the removal of some heavy metals by isolated phosphate solubilizing rhizobacterium (PSR) and survey the effect of total secreted materials including extracellular phosphatase on this phenomenon. PSR strain was isolated by Pikovskaya (PVK) medium and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Its phosphatase enzyme was assayed by colorimetric method. Metal resistance of the isolate was measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The metal removal was detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The culture supernatant was analyzed for metal removal by secreted phosphatase enzyme with or without tri-calcium phosphate (TCP), as its substrate. The isolated rhizobacterium was identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus that produced acid phosphatase enzyme. The MICs50 were obtained 2.5 mM Pb(II), 2 mM Ni(II), 0.2 mM Cr(II) and E1 mM Cd(II); and the MBCs were >100 mM Ni(II), 40 mM Cd(II), 20 mM Pb(II), and 1 mM (Cr(II). The removal of metals by the cells were obtained 29.45% Cr(II), 25.74% Pb(II), 18.85% Cd(II) and 11.43% Ni(II). It was not seen any nickel removal by microbial secreted products in PVK medium without TCP, whereas removal was obtained in PVK complimented by TCP 28.3%; lead removal was almost the same in both media (99%) and was not related to TCP.
世界范围内的工业活动产生大量的金属废料。利用磷代谢相关的微生物活性修复金属是一种很有前途的方法。本研究的目的是利用分离的磷酸溶根细菌(PSR)去除某些重金属，并探讨包括胞外磷酸酶在内的总分泌物质对这一现象的影响。采用Pikovskaya (PVK)培养基分离PSR菌株，并进行16S rDNA测序鉴定。用比色法测定其磷酸酶。采用最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)测定菌株对金属的抗性。用原子吸收光谱法检测金属的去除率。用分泌的磷酸酶对培养上清进行除金属分析，以三磷酸钙(TCP)为底物或不以三磷酸钙(TCP)为底物。分离得到的根杆菌鉴定为产酸性磷酸酶的钙酸不动杆菌。MICs50分别为2.5 mM Pb(II)、2 mM Ni(II)、0.2 mM Cr(II)和1 mM Cd(II);MBCs >100 mM Ni(II)、40 mM Cd(II)、20 mM Pb(II)、1 mM Cr(II)。电池对金属的去除率分别为29.45% Cr(II)、25.74% Pb(II)、18.85% Cd(II)和11.43% Ni(II)。在不添加TCP的PVK培养基中，微生物分泌产物对镍没有去除效果，而在添加了28.3% TCP的PVK培养基中，微生物分泌产物对镍有去除效果;两种介质的铅去除率几乎相同(99%)，与TCP无关。
{"title":"Heavy Metal Removal by Phosphate Solubilizing Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Isolated from Rhizosphere","authors":"F. Ghoreishi, Z. Etemadifar","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01061104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01061104","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide industrial activities produce large amount of metal wastes. Metals remediation by microbial activities associated with phosphorus metabolism is a promising method. The goals of this study were the removal of some heavy metals by isolated phosphate solubilizing rhizobacterium (PSR) and survey the effect of total secreted materials including extracellular phosphatase on this phenomenon. PSR strain was isolated by Pikovskaya (PVK) medium and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Its phosphatase enzyme was assayed by colorimetric method. Metal resistance of the isolate was measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The metal removal was detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The culture supernatant was analyzed for metal removal by secreted phosphatase enzyme with or without tri-calcium phosphate (TCP), as its substrate. The isolated rhizobacterium was identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus that produced acid phosphatase enzyme. The MICs50 were obtained 2.5 mM Pb(II), 2 mM Ni(II), 0.2 mM Cr(II) and E1 mM Cd(II); and the MBCs were >100 mM Ni(II), 40 mM Cd(II), 20 mM Pb(II), and 1 mM (Cr(II). The removal of metals by the cells were obtained 29.45% Cr(II), 25.74% Pb(II), 18.85% Cd(II) and 11.43% Ni(II). It was not seen any nickel removal by microbial secreted products in PVK medium without TCP, whereas removal was obtained in PVK complimented by TCP 28.3%; lead removal was almost the same in both media (99%) and was not related to TCP.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130928753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-30DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060402
Zahra Asemi-Esfahani, F. Alian, M. Fazilati, H. Nazem, A. Palizban
This study showed that T allele is a risk allele for both homozygous and heterozygous in rs7903146 polymorphism genotyping in TCF7L2 gene. Here, 132 individuals were investigated (87 of them were patients with type 2 diabetes and 45 other were healthy, respectively). DNA was extracted from whole blood samples via a purification kit; then in order to the determination of quality, it was electrophoresised on agarose gels. Genotyping method was performed through high-resolution melt (HRM) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The visfatin level was determined based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. According to the achieved results, increasing the plasma levels of visfatin in diabetics patients (10.73 ± 5.38) compared to the control group (6.73 ± 1.88) and their changes based on the separation of genotypes also confirms that T allele is the probable risk factor (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the presence of the T allele is related to increasing triglyceride (TG) levels of blood. Therefore, adipose tissue burning and its reduction (along with the releasing of TG in the blood) decreased the source of visfatin, therefore increasing the TG in the presence of T allele (the development of diabetes) is associated with decreased plasma levels of visfatin. According to this study, evaluating plasma levels of visfatin and TG levels in blood is useful in prognosis of type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Investigating the Relationship between rs7903146 Polymorphism Genotypes of TCF7L2 Gene and Visfatin Serum Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Zahra Asemi-Esfahani, F. Alian, M. Fazilati, H. Nazem, A. Palizban","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060402","url":null,"abstract":"This study showed that T allele is a risk allele for both homozygous and heterozygous in rs7903146 polymorphism genotyping in TCF7L2 gene. Here, 132 individuals were investigated (87 of them were patients with type 2 diabetes and 45 other were healthy, respectively). DNA was extracted from whole blood samples via a purification kit; then in order to the determination of quality, it was electrophoresised on agarose gels. Genotyping method was performed through high-resolution melt (HRM) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The visfatin level was determined based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. According to the achieved results, increasing the plasma levels of visfatin in diabetics patients (10.73 ± 5.38) compared to the control group (6.73 ± 1.88) and their changes based on the separation of genotypes also confirms that T allele is the probable risk factor (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the presence of the T allele is related to increasing triglyceride (TG) levels of blood. Therefore, adipose tissue burning and its reduction (along with the releasing of TG in the blood) decreased the source of visfatin, therefore increasing the TG in the presence of T allele (the development of diabetes) is associated with decreased plasma levels of visfatin. According to this study, evaluating plasma levels of visfatin and TG levels in blood is useful in prognosis of type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133013506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-30DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060401
Maryam Valadkhani, Shahrzad Khoramnejadian, H. Radnezhad
Owing to complexity, uncertainty in natural phenomena and natural dynamism, Fuzzy logic puts the obscurities in mathematical formation and preparation for decision-making and reasoning. The present analysis represents the accuracy of Fuzzy interpretation (qualitative measurement of cadmium) in estimating the concentration of cadmium in soil and the potato product in 8 pieces of farmland in Absard, Damavand. Some physical and chemical features of soil, together with the amount of cadmium concentrated in soil and potatoes, were measured three times by Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and were analyzed through Mamdani Inference System by Toolbox of Matlab. The cadmium in potatoes and roadside farmlands was measured to be more than the standard amount; therefore, it illustrates high cadmium toxicity in the mentioned area. It is concluded that Fuzzy logic (the rule of if-then) has a more appropriate and accurate approach to evaluating the concentration of cadmium in soil and product regarding the attention that is paid to the impact of all the characteristics of soil and the complex relationship among the parameters and plant type.
{"title":"Analyzing the Efficacy of Fuzzy logic in the Concentration of Cadmium in Soil and Potatoes (Case Study in Absard City of Damavand)","authors":"Maryam Valadkhani, Shahrzad Khoramnejadian, H. Radnezhad","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060401","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to complexity, uncertainty in natural phenomena and natural dynamism, Fuzzy logic puts the obscurities in mathematical formation and preparation for decision-making and reasoning. The present analysis represents the accuracy of Fuzzy interpretation (qualitative measurement of cadmium) in estimating the concentration of cadmium in soil and the potato product in 8 pieces of farmland in Absard, Damavand. Some physical and chemical features of soil, together with the amount of cadmium concentrated in soil and potatoes, were measured three times by Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and were analyzed through Mamdani Inference System by Toolbox of Matlab. The cadmium in potatoes and roadside farmlands was measured to be more than the standard amount; therefore, it illustrates high cadmium toxicity in the mentioned area. It is concluded that Fuzzy logic (the rule of if-then) has a more appropriate and accurate approach to evaluating the concentration of cadmium in soil and product regarding the attention that is paid to the impact of all the characteristics of soil and the complex relationship among the parameters and plant type.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115490672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-03DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060202
R. Dehghani, R. Talaee, M. Sehat, Narges Nikkhah Ghamsari, L. Mesgari
Using cosmetics is very popular among women in Iran. Direct contact with some of the cosmetics can cause irreparable harm to consumers’ health Regarding the importance of the rate of using cosmetics and the possibility of their side effects, this research studies the rate of using cosmetics among the Kashan's women. Data of this study were obtained through a designed questionnaire filled by 800 women in Kashan. Sampling was done randomly and in a multistage cluster. After obtaining the data, the graphs and tables were drawn and the data were analyzed by Chi-square and Mann–Whitney. The highest rate of continuous use of cosmetics was in the 20-29 years old group and the lowest was in the age group of 49 years old and above. The highest rate of continuous use of cosmetics was in the women with master’s degree, above (47.6%) and the lowest was among the illiterates (10%). 50% of People with high income and 34.8% with lower income used cosmetics continuously. Among the cosmetics, the most used item was lipstick with 74.5%.Variables such as demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, family relations are the effective factors on the rate of using cosmetics by women .The main reason for using cosmetics by women was enhancing beauty and attracting attention.
{"title":"Surveying the Rate of Using Cosmetics Among the Kashan's Women","authors":"R. Dehghani, R. Talaee, M. Sehat, Narges Nikkhah Ghamsari, L. Mesgari","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060202","url":null,"abstract":"Using cosmetics is very popular among women in Iran. Direct contact with some of the cosmetics can cause irreparable harm to consumers’ health Regarding the importance of the rate of using cosmetics and the possibility of their side effects, this research studies the rate of using cosmetics among the Kashan's women. Data of this study were obtained through a designed questionnaire filled by 800 women in Kashan. Sampling was done randomly and in a multistage cluster. After obtaining the data, the graphs and tables were drawn and the data were analyzed by Chi-square and Mann–Whitney. The highest rate of continuous use of cosmetics was in the 20-29 years old group and the lowest was in the age group of 49 years old and above. The highest rate of continuous use of cosmetics was in the women with master’s degree, above (47.6%) and the lowest was among the illiterates (10%). 50% of People with high income and 34.8% with lower income used cosmetics continuously. Among the cosmetics, the most used item was lipstick with 74.5%.Variables such as demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, family relations are the effective factors on the rate of using cosmetics by women .The main reason for using cosmetics by women was enhancing beauty and attracting attention.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127794251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-22DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060302
R. Dehghani
Many Many reports have shown the fear of Solpugids in Iran. Solpugids are not poisonous, but because of morphological characteristics and behaviors, have caused panic in people. Large portion of this fear is unreal; because most of the people are not aware of the details of these animals life. Another part of phobia may be related to psychological or mental characteristics of people. Therefore, paying attention to this issue has a special importance.
{"title":"Solpugidophobia in Iran: Real or illusion","authors":"R. Dehghani","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060302","url":null,"abstract":"Many Many reports have shown the fear of Solpugids in Iran. Solpugids are not poisonous, but because of morphological characteristics and behaviors, have caused panic in people. Large portion of this fear is unreal; because most of the people are not aware of the details of these animals life. Another part of phobia may be related to psychological or mental characteristics of people. Therefore, paying attention to this issue has a special importance.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122778755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-15DOI: 10.15412/J.JBTW.01060303
B. Rashidi, H. Afzali, F. Haghollahi, M. Abedini, M. Eslami, H. K. Jaliseh
Precise information related to behavioral patterns of infertile couples are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is the assessing the behavioral issues in infertile couples in Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 680 individuals (infertile couples who married at least one year and received primary or secondary infertility diagnosis) who referred to five public and seven private and semi-private centers of infertility across the country were assessed by using non-probability sampling of available individuals. Data collection tool is researcher-made questionnaires to determine the defense mechanism of individuals to cope with infertility and consisted of 21 questions with five Likert scale. Standard score range was from zero to 100 which higher score was developed defense mechanism. Average age in all provinces was generally 30 years (20-40 years) for women and 34 years (22-50 years) for men. A total of 325(48.1%) of women and 419 (65.7%) of men had developed a mature defense mechanism and men were slightly more developed than women in defense mechanism.(P<0.001). Regression coefficients analysis showed the most important factor influencing man’s defense mechanism score is his educational level.(p=0.008). Increased men's education lead to increased mature defense mechanism score in infertile individuals and will make this attitude more developed.
{"title":"Behavioral Defensive Mechanism in Infertile Couples","authors":"B. Rashidi, H. Afzali, F. Haghollahi, M. Abedini, M. Eslami, H. K. Jaliseh","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01060303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01060303","url":null,"abstract":"Precise information related to behavioral patterns of infertile couples are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is the assessing the behavioral issues in infertile couples in Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 680 individuals (infertile couples who married at least one year and received primary or secondary infertility diagnosis) who referred to five public and seven private and semi-private centers of infertility across the country were assessed by using non-probability sampling of available individuals. Data collection tool is researcher-made questionnaires to determine the defense mechanism of individuals to cope with infertility and consisted of 21 questions with five Likert scale. Standard score range was from zero to 100 which higher score was developed defense mechanism. Average age in all provinces was generally 30 years (20-40 years) for women and 34 years (22-50 years) for men. A total of 325(48.1%) of women and 419 (65.7%) of men had developed a mature defense mechanism and men were slightly more developed than women in defense mechanism.(P<0.001). Regression coefficients analysis showed the most important factor influencing man’s defense mechanism score is his educational level.(p=0.008). Increased men's education lead to increased mature defense mechanism score in infertile individuals and will make this attitude more developed.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129645281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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