Anelise Kappes Marques, Jessica Barros Aguiar Silva, Amaraína Maia Armiato, Laciene Marinho Santos, P. B. Morais
The organic matter decomposition process in first order streams is realized mostly by fungi and it is important to provide energy to various trophic levels in this ecosystem. The present work assesses the temporal variation of molds and yeasts, which are collaborators in the leaf decomposition process, in first order stream of Cerrado vegetation in Tocantins State. Plant litter was collected from vertical input of riparian vegetation and inserted in litterbags. Subsequently, they were submerged for 30 days in the Buritizal stream. The isolation and counting of filamentous fungi and yeasts was done from the maceration of leaf discs in peptone solution and streaking in petri disks containing BDA and YMA media for 30 days. The yeasts counting vary from 1,42 logUFC.gMOF in June, 2011 to 5,90 logUFC.gMOF in April, 2012. The filamentous fungi vary from 1,98 logUFC.gMOF in June, 2011 to 6,27 logUFC.gMOF in March, 2013. The highest quantities of fungi and yeasts were observed in rainy periods and they can be due to floods when the drain of the litter or the soil margin happened. As a result, there is a major entrance of terrestrial and saprobic fungi associated in the horizontal input.
{"title":"Fungos associados ao processo de decomposição foliar: 2 anos de estudo","authors":"Anelise Kappes Marques, Jessica Barros Aguiar Silva, Amaraína Maia Armiato, Laciene Marinho Santos, P. B. Morais","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.58","url":null,"abstract":"The organic matter decomposition process in first order streams is realized mostly by fungi and it is important to provide energy to various trophic levels in this ecosystem. The present work assesses the temporal variation of molds and yeasts, which are collaborators in the leaf decomposition process, in first order stream of Cerrado vegetation in Tocantins State. Plant litter was collected from vertical input of riparian vegetation and inserted in litterbags. Subsequently, they were submerged for 30 days in the Buritizal stream. The isolation and counting of filamentous fungi and yeasts was done from the maceration of leaf discs in peptone solution and streaking in petri disks containing BDA and YMA media for 30 days. The yeasts counting vary from 1,42 logUFC.gMOF in June, 2011 to 5,90 logUFC.gMOF in April, 2012. The filamentous fungi vary from 1,98 logUFC.gMOF in June, 2011 to 6,27 logUFC.gMOF in March, 2013. The highest quantities of fungi and yeasts were observed in rainy periods and they can be due to floods when the drain of the litter or the soil margin happened. As a result, there is a major entrance of terrestrial and saprobic fungi associated in the horizontal input.","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131614403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica Barros Aguiar Silva, Suélen Caroline Frantz, Anelise Kappes Marques, C. M. Coelho, P. B. Morais
Fungal cellulases and xylanases derived from the huge degradative capabilities of these microorganisms and excreted to medium, raise a biotechnologixcal interest due to large application potential. The objective of this paper is to identify the production of the enzymes cellulase and xylanase by filamentous fungi isolated from allochthonous leaf litter in a stream in Cerrado ecosystem. The tests were carried out using 100 strains grown in synthetic culture medium containing carboxymethyl cellulose or beechwood xylan as sole carbon source for cellulase and xylanase production detection respectively. Inocula were performed in the center of plates and stored for 4 days at 28 ° C and subjected afterwards to thermal shock at 50 ° C for 16 hours. Plates were stained with Congo red solution and washed with a NaCl solution for betterdetection of the hydrolysis halo. Sixty nine percent of the fungal strains tested were positive for cellulase of which 23% were considered with potential for application in biotechnology. None of the fungal strains was able to degrade xylan
{"title":"Production of extracellular enzymes by fungi associated to the decomposition of plant materials in streams / Produção de enzimas extracelulares por fungos associados à decomposição materiais vegetais em riachos","authors":"Jessica Barros Aguiar Silva, Suélen Caroline Frantz, Anelise Kappes Marques, C. M. Coelho, P. B. Morais","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.75","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal cellulases and xylanases derived from the huge degradative capabilities of these microorganisms and excreted to medium, raise a biotechnologixcal interest due to large application potential. The objective of this paper is to identify the production of the enzymes cellulase and xylanase by filamentous fungi isolated from allochthonous leaf litter in a stream in Cerrado ecosystem. The tests were carried out using 100 strains grown in synthetic culture medium containing carboxymethyl cellulose or beechwood xylan as sole carbon source for cellulase and xylanase production detection respectively. Inocula were performed in the center of plates and stored for 4 days at 28 ° C and subjected afterwards to thermal shock at 50 ° C for 16 hours. Plates were stained with Congo red solution and washed with a NaCl solution for betterdetection of the hydrolysis halo. Sixty nine percent of the fungal strains tested were positive for cellulase of which 23% were considered with potential for application in biotechnology. None of the fungal strains was able to degrade xylan","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126832265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deyze Alencar Soares, Poliana Guerino Marson Ascêncio, Geovanka Marcelle Aguiar Leão, Katarina Mirna Marinho Tenório Rodrigues, R. S. Pimenta
- Endophytic fungi that live inside plants, for instance, in organs and plant tissues such as leaves and branches, without causing any harm. Assumptions of interactions between endophytic fungi and host plants suggest that therapeutic properties may be in the fungi and not on the plant or, probably, in the interaction amid them. Due to this, the interest in endophytic fungi from medicinal plants has increased. The gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae are important pathogenic bacteria, acting as infectious agents and causing respiratory diseases and hospital infections. This study aimed to obtain volatile compounds from endophytic fungi, which were isolated from medicinal plant Costus spiralis (jacq) Roscoe (Costaceae) and perform an antibacterial evaluation of them against S. pneumoniae and K. pneumoniae. The test to verify volatile substances was realized using Petri dishes without agar in the central portion, in order to prevent the diffusion effect. The endophytic fungus and the pathogen were inoculated on opposite sides of the plate that were sealed with parafilm. Negative controls were performed with each pathogen inoculation in culture media without antagonist, however, there was no growth inhibition of pathogens for those which were incubated in the presence of endophytic test, when comparing to control test. Thus, the discovery of new antibiotics becomes important due to the emergence of resistant pathogens, as well as the development of new diseases and the toxicity of drugs that already exist
{"title":"Detecção de compostos voláteis com atividade antibacteriana por fungos endofíticos associados à Costus spiralis","authors":"Deyze Alencar Soares, Poliana Guerino Marson Ascêncio, Geovanka Marcelle Aguiar Leão, Katarina Mirna Marinho Tenório Rodrigues, R. S. Pimenta","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.60","url":null,"abstract":"- Endophytic fungi that live inside plants, for instance, in organs and plant tissues such as leaves and branches, without causing any harm. Assumptions of interactions between endophytic fungi and host plants suggest that therapeutic properties may be in the fungi and not on the plant or, probably, in the interaction amid them. Due to this, the interest in endophytic fungi from medicinal plants has increased. The gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae are important pathogenic bacteria, acting as infectious agents and causing respiratory diseases and hospital infections. This study aimed to obtain volatile compounds from endophytic fungi, which were isolated from medicinal plant Costus spiralis (jacq) Roscoe (Costaceae) and perform an antibacterial evaluation of them against S. pneumoniae and K. pneumoniae. The test to verify volatile substances was realized using Petri dishes without agar in the central portion, in order to prevent the diffusion effect. The endophytic fungus and the pathogen were inoculated on opposite sides of the plate that were sealed with parafilm. Negative controls were performed with each pathogen inoculation in culture media without antagonist, however, there was no growth inhibition of pathogens for those which were incubated in the presence of endophytic test, when comparing to control test. Thus, the discovery of new antibiotics becomes important due to the emergence of resistant pathogens, as well as the development of new diseases and the toxicity of drugs that already exist","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125651556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ipucas are ecosystems of natural forest fragments, occurring particularly in the Araguaia plain. It has great influence of flood pulses that occur during the rainy season because they remain flooded during this period and as terrestrial environments in the dry season. The study aimed to evaluate the temporal variation of limnological factors in a Ipuca in the district of the Lagoa da Confusao, Tocantins, through monthly collections between December/2014 and August/2015. The variables measured were: transparency by Secchi disk, turbidity (NTU), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), temperature (°C), hydrogen potential - pH, total dissolved solids (ppm), electrical conductivity (µS/cm) ammonia - NH3 (mg/L) nitrite - NO2 (mg/L) nitrate - NO3 (mg/L), orthophosphate - P (mg/L) ?-chlorophyll (mg/L) and depth of the water blade (cm). The total water transparency and low turbidity values demonstrate the importance of the precipitation of these parameters, as well as the structure of the forest Ipuca supports the values found. The water temperature of Ipucas was influenced by the seasons. The dissolved oxygen was directly related to chlorophyll-?. The concentration of nutrients analyzed showed big swings, probably due to the rapid incorporation of the aquatic communities. However, a homogenization of physical and chemical parameters during the sampling time was observed.
伊普卡斯是天然森林碎片的生态系统，尤其发生在阿拉瓜亚平原。在雨季发生的洪水脉冲有很大的影响，因为它们在此期间保持洪水状态，而在旱季则作为陆地环境。通过2014年12月至2015年8月的逐月采集，研究了托坎廷斯Lagoa da Confusao地区一个Ipuca湖泊因子的时间变化。测量的变量为:塞奇盘透明度、浊度(NTU)、溶解氧(mg/L)、温度(°C)、氢电位- pH、总溶解固形物(ppm)、电导率(µS/cm)、氨- NH3 (mg/L)、亚硝酸盐- NO2 (mg/L)、硝酸盐- NO3 (mg/L)、正磷酸盐- P (mg/L) -叶绿素(mg/L)和水叶深度(cm)。总水透明度和低浊度值证明了这些参数降水的重要性，而森林的结构也支持了这些值。伊普卡斯的水温受季节的影响。溶解氧与叶绿素-?有直接关系。分析的营养物质浓度显示出巨大的波动，可能是由于水生群落的迅速合并。然而，在采样期间观察到物理和化学参数的均匀化。
{"title":"Seasonal studies of limnological aspects of a wetland forest fragment in the Araguaia Plains, Tocantins, Brazil / Estudos sazonais de aspectos limnólogicos de um fragmento florestal inundado na Planície do Araguaia, Tocantins, Brasil","authors":"Hiulha de Jesus Silva, M. Barbosa, P. B. Morais","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.76","url":null,"abstract":"Ipucas are ecosystems of natural forest fragments, occurring particularly in the Araguaia plain. It has great influence of flood pulses that occur during the rainy season because they remain flooded during this period and as terrestrial environments in the dry season. The study aimed to evaluate the temporal variation of limnological factors in a Ipuca in the district of the Lagoa da Confusao, Tocantins, through monthly collections between December/2014 and August/2015. The variables measured were: transparency by Secchi disk, turbidity (NTU), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), temperature (°C), hydrogen potential - pH, total dissolved solids (ppm), electrical conductivity (µS/cm) ammonia - NH3 (mg/L) nitrite - NO2 (mg/L) nitrate - NO3 (mg/L), orthophosphate - P (mg/L) ?-chlorophyll (mg/L) and depth of the water blade (cm). The total water transparency and low turbidity values demonstrate the importance of the precipitation of these parameters, as well as the structure of the forest Ipuca supports the values found. The water temperature of Ipucas was influenced by the seasons. The dissolved oxygen was directly related to chlorophyll-?. The concentration of nutrients analyzed showed big swings, probably due to the rapid incorporation of the aquatic communities. However, a homogenization of physical and chemical parameters during the sampling time was observed.","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121043574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lilyan Rosmery Luizaga de Monteiro, Fernanda Lima da Silva, Leurilene Barbosa Silva
Based on the high incidence of invasive species of the African snail, Achatina fulica, in Araguaina city, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the microbiological conditions of the snail and the occurrence of this in home gardens in the city. Laboratory methods were followed to determine the presence / absence of microorganisms at the snail´s surface, as well as filamentous fungi. In addition there were performed hundred and one (101) interviews to locals settled in nineteen sectors of Araguaina. The microbiological results from the snail surface analysis showed at least 1,2x105 CFU/g of heterotrophic bacteria, also were isolated fungi as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichophytone and Cryptococcus. In the survey interview, 86% of respondents reported a high incidence of snail in their homes during the rainy season and 50% of them informed they had some kind of home garden, on the other hand 85% are unawared of the diseases that could be transmitted by this snail. We conclude that there are high levels of microbial contamination on the snail surface, combined with the preference for domestic garden´s products, been unawared of risks that can be carried by the snail invasion, which indicate the need to improve the knowledge regarding the risks of A. fulica in the daily lives of the residents of Araguaina city, considering not only people´s health but also the productivity of small-scale agriculture.
{"title":"Microbiological conditions and occurrence of the African land snail in Araguaína city at Tocantins State, Brazil / Condições microbiológicas e de ocorrência do caramujo terrestre africano na cidade de Araguaína no Estado do Tocantins","authors":"Lilyan Rosmery Luizaga de Monteiro, Fernanda Lima da Silva, Leurilene Barbosa Silva","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.62","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the high incidence of invasive species of the African snail, Achatina fulica, in Araguaina city, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the microbiological conditions of the snail and the occurrence of this in home gardens in the city. Laboratory methods were followed to determine the presence / absence of microorganisms at the snail´s surface, as well as filamentous fungi. In addition there were performed hundred and one (101) interviews to locals settled in nineteen sectors of Araguaina. The microbiological results from the snail surface analysis showed at least 1,2x105 CFU/g of heterotrophic bacteria, also were isolated fungi as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichophytone and Cryptococcus. In the survey interview, 86% of respondents reported a high incidence of snail in their homes during the rainy season and 50% of them informed they had some kind of home garden, on the other hand 85% are unawared of the diseases that could be transmitted by this snail. We conclude that there are high levels of microbial contamination on the snail surface, combined with the preference for domestic garden´s products, been unawared of risks that can be carried by the snail invasion, which indicate the need to improve the knowledge regarding the risks of A. fulica in the daily lives of the residents of Araguaina city, considering not only people´s health but also the productivity of small-scale agriculture.","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125844808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fungi pigments have a great biotechnological potential and some properties such as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Fungal endophytes are closely associated with plants and are an alternative source of natural dyes, which can be used in medicine. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of pigments produced by endophytic fungi against pathogens. They belonged to the Microorganisms Collection of the General and Applied Microbiology Laboratory at the Federal University of Tocantins. Firstly, sixty isolated samples were selected accordingly to pigment production, then they were placed in an Erlenmeyer containing 100 ml of potato broth and incubated at 30°C for 14 days. After this period, the extracellular pigments were extracted with 95% ethanol and subsequently they were filtered. Diffusion disks were used in the in vitro antagonism test, which were inoculated with 10 uL of pigment filtrates and incubated at 37 ° C for 24 hours against human pathogens, for instance, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated based on the formation of an inhibition zone. The filtrates have not showed antimicrobial potential based on the pathogens tests. Therefore, the endophytic fungi study aiming to identify antimicrobial substances is fundamentally important against bacteria and pathogenic fungi.
{"title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial activity from extracellular pigments produced by endophytic / Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de pigmentos extracelulares produzidos por fungos endofíticos","authors":"Deyze Alencar Soares, R. S. Pimenta","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.59","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi pigments have a great biotechnological potential and some properties such as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Fungal endophytes are closely associated with plants and are an alternative source of natural dyes, which can be used in medicine. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of pigments produced by endophytic fungi against pathogens. They belonged to the Microorganisms Collection of the General and Applied Microbiology Laboratory at the Federal University of Tocantins. Firstly, sixty isolated samples were selected accordingly to pigment production, then they were placed in an Erlenmeyer containing 100 ml of potato broth and incubated at 30°C for 14 days. After this period, the extracellular pigments were extracted with 95% ethanol and subsequently they were filtered. Diffusion disks were used in the in vitro antagonism test, which were inoculated with 10 uL of pigment filtrates and incubated at 37 ° C for 24 hours against human pathogens, for instance, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated based on the formation of an inhibition zone. The filtrates have not showed antimicrobial potential based on the pathogens tests. Therefore, the endophytic fungi study aiming to identify antimicrobial substances is fundamentally important against bacteria and pathogenic fungi.","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133694935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Baptista, J. M. Ramos, Rodoldo Rezende das Neves, Douglas F. Souza, R. S. Pimenta
Resistant pathogens are an important challenge to hospitals, especially to stablish the correct treatment and prophylactic measures. Once in the environmental Gram-negative strains can acquire resistance genes from the soil, water and hospital effluent and so transmit it to other genus. The objective of this study was to quantify and to qualify the bacterial strains present in patients with suspected of nosocomial infection and the environment in which they are admitted in the Palmas General Hospital. 14 different bacterial species from 141 samples, being 123 from patients and 18 from hospital environment. In patient samples highlights were Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.9%), Acinetobacter baumannii (13.82%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2%), Escherichia coli (11.4%), Serratia marcescens (10.6 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.0%), From this total, 80 strains were multiresistant to antibiotics, whichever Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.3%) and A. baumannii (20.0%). The tracheal aspirate samples showed a greater number of multidrug-resistant strains. The environment prevailed Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus sp. both with 22.2%, collected from different locations and ICU materials such as tracheal tube, Ambu, mattress and monitors. Administrative and educational strategies are necessary to reduce the spread of multi-resistant germs.
{"title":"Diversity of environmental and patients bacteria in the Hospital Geral de Palmas-TO / Diversidade de bactérias ambientais e de pacientes no Hospital Geral de Palmas-TO.","authors":"A. Baptista, J. M. Ramos, Rodoldo Rezende das Neves, Douglas F. Souza, R. S. Pimenta","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.63","url":null,"abstract":"Resistant pathogens are an important challenge to hospitals, especially to stablish the correct treatment and prophylactic measures. Once in the environmental Gram-negative strains can acquire resistance genes from the soil, water and hospital effluent and so transmit it to other genus. The objective of this study was to quantify and to qualify the bacterial strains present in patients with suspected of nosocomial infection and the environment in which they are admitted in the Palmas General Hospital. 14 different bacterial species from 141 samples, being 123 from patients and 18 from hospital environment. In patient samples highlights were Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.9%), Acinetobacter baumannii (13.82%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2%), Escherichia coli (11.4%), Serratia marcescens (10.6 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.0%), From this total, 80 strains were multiresistant to antibiotics, whichever Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.3%) and A. baumannii (20.0%). The tracheal aspirate samples showed a greater number of multidrug-resistant strains. The environment prevailed Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus sp. both with 22.2%, collected from different locations and ICU materials such as tracheal tube, Ambu, mattress and monitors. Administrative and educational strategies are necessary to reduce the spread of multi-resistant germs.","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131077059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. C. Correia, Rita de Kássia de Oliveira Pereira, Nathália Oliveira Lima, Maildo Barbosa Coelho, Waldesse Piragé de Oliveira Junior, R. S. Pimenta
Endophytic fungi are those that inhabit the inner tissue of their hosts, playing varied and narrow ecological relations without showing visible symptoms. It is estimated that the majority of plant species have not yet been sorted endophytic microorganisms and little-known properties, but some potentially suitable for biotechnological applications. Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) has great economic potential, the nutritional characteristics of the fruit, such as high production of vitamin C. Were isolated and cultured 307 endophytic fungi associated with the leaves and stems of M. dubia in order to verify the antagonistic activity, for the production of diffusible and volatile substances against the following pathogens: M. fructicola, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Aspergillus parasiticus. It was found that 22 isolates inhibited the growth of at least one target plant pathogens, showing inhibition potential (IP) from 25.62% to 93.84%, five endophytic stood with inhibition percentage above 50%, by producing diffusible and volatile substances. The competitive interactions were analyzed according to Badalyan scale, and there was a higher frequency among the fungi, the interaction type A ("deadlock" with mycelial contact). It is concluded that endophytic fungi isolated from leaves and stems of M. dubia, have promising biotechnological potential in biocontrol of plant pathogens (A.parasiticus, M. fructicola and C. gloeosporioides).
{"title":"Evaluation of antagonistic activity in vitro of endophytic fungi associated with camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) / Avaliação da atividade antagonista in vitro de fungos endofíticos associados ao camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia)","authors":"V. C. Correia, Rita de Kássia de Oliveira Pereira, Nathália Oliveira Lima, Maildo Barbosa Coelho, Waldesse Piragé de Oliveira Junior, R. S. Pimenta","doi":"10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18067/JBFS.V2I4.74","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic fungi are those that inhabit the inner tissue of their hosts, playing varied and narrow ecological relations without showing visible symptoms. It is estimated that the majority of plant species have not yet been sorted endophytic microorganisms and little-known properties, but some potentially suitable for biotechnological applications. Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) has great economic potential, the nutritional characteristics of the fruit, such as high production of vitamin C. Were isolated and cultured 307 endophytic fungi associated with the leaves and stems of M. dubia in order to verify the antagonistic activity, for the production of diffusible and volatile substances against the following pathogens: M. fructicola, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Aspergillus parasiticus. It was found that 22 isolates inhibited the growth of at least one target plant pathogens, showing inhibition potential (IP) from 25.62% to 93.84%, five endophytic stood with inhibition percentage above 50%, by producing diffusible and volatile substances. The competitive interactions were analyzed according to Badalyan scale, and there was a higher frequency among the fungi, the interaction type A (\"deadlock\" with mycelial contact). It is concluded that endophytic fungi isolated from leaves and stems of M. dubia, have promising biotechnological potential in biocontrol of plant pathogens (A.parasiticus, M. fructicola and C. gloeosporioides).","PeriodicalId":119762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioenergy and Food Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129827253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stella Costa Santos do Vale, A. P. Guimarães, P. B. Morais
Attalea speciosa Mart ex Spreng is a oil palm belonging to the family Arecaceae with fruits 15% of the total weight of the fruit correspond to the epicarp; 20% to 58% to the mesocarp and endocarp (including almonds), the almonds being its most used component. Fruits are important natural microhabitats for a significant diversity of yeast species. The objective of this study was to isolate and test the enzymatic abilities of yeast strains associated with almond fruits of Attalea speciosa, and their possible biotechnological potential for industrial purposes. Ten collections of 15 almonds for sample were conducted at seven days intervals at an extractivism reserve of Mata de Babacuais ecosystem. Among 84 yeasts isolated, The enzymatic activity was evaluated and among the eighty-four strains of yeast tested as the ability to hydrolyze casein among protease, 26.04% had enzymatic potential acidic pH, 31.92% at neutral pH and 28.56% in alkaline pH, demonstrating enzyme potential in different pHs.A lipase activity was also satisfactory where, sixty-two lipase producing strains may have potential use for commercial employment testing microbial lipases. Already cellulolytic activity was more limited, only nineteen lineages showed degrading cellulose.
Attalea speciosa Mart ex春是一种油棕，属于槟榔科，果实占果实总重量的15%，对应于外果皮;中果皮和内果皮(包括杏仁)占20%至58%，杏仁是其最常用的成分。果实是酵母种类多样性的重要天然微生境。本研究的目的是分离和测试与Attalea speciosa杏仁果实相关的酵母菌株的酶促能力，以及它们在工业上可能的生物技术潜力。在Babacuais Mata de Babacuais生态系统的提取保护区内，每隔7天采集10个杏仁样品，共15个。对84株酵母菌进行酶活性评价，84株酵母菌在蛋白酶中水解酪蛋白的能力测试中，酸性pH值为26.04%，中性pH值为31.92%，碱性pH值为28.56%，显示出不同pH值下的酶势。脂肪酶活性也令人满意，其中62株脂肪酶产生菌株可能有潜在的商业用途，用于测试微生物脂肪酶。纤维素降解活性已经很有限，只有19个谱系表现出降解纤维素的能力。
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Alvaro José Gomes de Faria, Gilson Araújo de Freitas, Anderson Claiton Pereira Georgetti, Jose Moises Ferreira Júnior, M. Silva, Rubens Ribeiro da Silva
O atendimento das exigencias nutricionais das plantas forrageiras e um dos fatores que interfere na producao e na qualidade das plantas. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adubacao nitrogenada e potassica em cobertura sobre as caracteristicas morfologicas e produtivas da graminea Panicum maximum cv. Mombaca cultivados sobre adubacao fosfatada natural. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repeticoes. Obtendo assim um esquema fatorial com dois fatores (6 x 2). O primeiro fator foi composto por seis doses de adubacao fosfatada (0, 35, 70, 140, 210, 280 kg ha -1 de P 2 O 5 )e o segundo fator esta relacionado com a adubacao de cobertura com nitrogenio e potassio. Quanto a adubacao de cobertura, as parcelas que constituia uma area de 20 m² foram divididas ao meio, sendo aplicados 100 kg ha -1 de Ureia e 60 kg ha -1 de Cloreto de Potassio. A ureia foi dividida em duas aplicacoes mensalmente de 50 kg ha -1 . A adubacao de cobertura com nitrogenio e potassio, em funcao do aumento da dose da fonte de fosfato natural residual proporcionou resposta quadratica na maioria dos indicadores analisados. Observou-se que a maior altura, nos tratamentos com adubacao de cobertura, foi de 100,6 cm de altura na dose 201,06 kg de P 2 O 5 em comparacao com 74,9 cm de altura na dose de 165,7 kg de P 2 O 5 sem adubacao de cobertura . Assim, tanto a adubacao fosfatada quanto a adubacao de cobertura contribuiram para o desenvolvimento das plantas, podendo ser uma ferramenta importante para elevar os indices produtivos da forrageira.
满足饲料植物的营养需求是影响植物生产和品质的因素之一。因此，本研究旨在探讨氮肥和钾肥对禾草形态和生产特性的影响。蒙巴卡在天然磷肥上生长。试验设计为4个重复的随机区组设计。因此分手了!两个因素(6 * 2)一分之一是由六个因素剂量的磷质adubacao(0 - 35、70、140、210、280公斤1 P - 2 5),第二个因素是与对冲adubacao nitrogenio和钾。在覆盖肥料方面，将面积为20 m²的地块分成两半，施用100 kg hm - 2尿素和60 kg hm - 2氯化钾。尿素分为每月两次施用，每次50 kg hm - 2。在大多数分析指标中，氮肥和钾肥覆盖对残余天然磷酸盐源剂量的增加提供了二次响应。结果表明，施用覆肥处理的最高高度为100.6 cm，剂量为201.06 kg磷5，而不施用覆肥处理的最高高度为74.9 cm，剂量为165.7 kg磷5。因此，磷肥和覆盖肥都有助于植物的发育，可能是提高牧草生产指标的重要工具。
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