Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936226
K. Sung, Evanny Obregon, J. Zander
In this paper, we investigate the spectrum sharing requirements of secondary access to 960–1215 MHz band which is primarily allocated to aeronautical usage. Primary system of interest is distance measuring equipments (DME) aiding navigation of airplanes. We consider a scenario where indoor femtocells share the spectrum as secondary users. For the protection of the primary system, each secondary user decides whether to transmit or not depending on an interference threshold established by a central network. We provide a simple mathematical framework for analyzing the aggregate interference generated by multiple secondary users spreading in a large area. Requirement for the secondary access is established in terms of the size of exclusion region depending on the density of secondary users. Numerical results suggest the use of adjacent DME channel is required for a dense deployment of the secondary users. We discuss the challenges and implementation issues of practical secondary access, and suggest the directions of further research.
{"title":"On the requirements of secondary access to 960–1215 MHz aeronautical spectrum","authors":"K. Sung, Evanny Obregon, J. Zander","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936226","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate the spectrum sharing requirements of secondary access to 960–1215 MHz band which is primarily allocated to aeronautical usage. Primary system of interest is distance measuring equipments (DME) aiding navigation of airplanes. We consider a scenario where indoor femtocells share the spectrum as secondary users. For the protection of the primary system, each secondary user decides whether to transmit or not depending on an interference threshold established by a central network. We provide a simple mathematical framework for analyzing the aggregate interference generated by multiple secondary users spreading in a large area. Requirement for the secondary access is established in terms of the size of exclusion region depending on the density of secondary users. Numerical results suggest the use of adjacent DME channel is required for a dense deployment of the secondary users. We discuss the challenges and implementation issues of practical secondary access, and suggest the directions of further research.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134442072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936206
Pu Wang, I. Akyildiz
Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) allows secondary users (SUs) to opportunistically transmit when the channels belonging to primary users (PUs) are idle. This paper provides an asymptotic analysis of the transmission delay experienced by SUs for DSA networks. It is shown that DSA induces only light-tailed delay as long as both the busy time of PU channels and the message size of SUs are light-tailed. On the contrary, if either the busy time or the message size is heavy tailed, then the SUs' transmission delay is heavy tailed. For this latter case, it is proven that if one of either the busy time or the message size is light-tailed and the other is regularly varying with index α, then the transmission delay is regularly varying with the same index α. As a consequence, the delay has an infinite mean provided α <1 and an infinite variance provided α <2. Furthermore, if both the busy time and the message size are regularly varying with index α and α, respectively, then the tail distribution of the delay is as heavy as the one with the smaller index. Moreover, the impact of spectrum mobility and multi-radio diversity on the delay performance of SUs is studied. It is shown that the spectrum mobility can mitigate the heavy tailed delay of SUs, while the use of multiple radio interfaces may aggravate it.
{"title":"Can dynamic spectrum access induce heavy tailed delay?","authors":"Pu Wang, I. Akyildiz","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936206","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) allows secondary users (SUs) to opportunistically transmit when the channels belonging to primary users (PUs) are idle. This paper provides an asymptotic analysis of the transmission delay experienced by SUs for DSA networks. It is shown that DSA induces only light-tailed delay as long as both the busy time of PU channels and the message size of SUs are light-tailed. On the contrary, if either the busy time or the message size is heavy tailed, then the SUs' transmission delay is heavy tailed. For this latter case, it is proven that if one of either the busy time or the message size is light-tailed and the other is regularly varying with index α, then the transmission delay is regularly varying with the same index α. As a consequence, the delay has an infinite mean provided α <1 and an infinite variance provided α <2. Furthermore, if both the busy time and the message size are regularly varying with index α and α, respectively, then the tail distribution of the delay is as heavy as the one with the smaller index. Moreover, the impact of spectrum mobility and multi-radio diversity on the delay performance of SUs is studied. It is shown that the spectrum mobility can mitigate the heavy tailed delay of SUs, while the use of multiple radio interfaces may aggravate it.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134445497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936253
E. Meshkova, J. Ansari, D. Denkovski, J. Riihijarvi, J. Nasreddine, Mihajlo Pavloski, L. Gavrilovska, P. Mahonen
In this paper we describe an experimental testbed to empirically study the construction of Radio Environmental Maps (REMs) in indoor environments. The testbed allows investigating the characteristics and modeling of the radio environment for indoor scenarios. The deployed system is a network of over 80 heterogeneous wireless spectrum sensors with significantly different measurement capabilities in an office building consisting of multiple rooms. As application examples we consider two scenarios, one illustrating the indoor propagation conditions and another showing temporal aspects of primary node activities as observed by sensing devices. The observed phenomena strongly indicate that development of general radio environment map solutions for indoor use are extremely challenging, unless heterogeneity of spectrum sensors and non-linearity of propagation conditions is considered. Our measurement results advocate dynamic construction of REMs instead of static solutions. We strongly believe that the deployed testbed and obtained experimental data can further facilitate research in the area of REMs.
{"title":"Experimental spectrum sensor testbed for constructing indoor Radio Environmental Maps","authors":"E. Meshkova, J. Ansari, D. Denkovski, J. Riihijarvi, J. Nasreddine, Mihajlo Pavloski, L. Gavrilovska, P. Mahonen","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936253","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe an experimental testbed to empirically study the construction of Radio Environmental Maps (REMs) in indoor environments. The testbed allows investigating the characteristics and modeling of the radio environment for indoor scenarios. The deployed system is a network of over 80 heterogeneous wireless spectrum sensors with significantly different measurement capabilities in an office building consisting of multiple rooms. As application examples we consider two scenarios, one illustrating the indoor propagation conditions and another showing temporal aspects of primary node activities as observed by sensing devices. The observed phenomena strongly indicate that development of general radio environment map solutions for indoor use are extremely challenging, unless heterogeneity of spectrum sensors and non-linearity of propagation conditions is considered. Our measurement results advocate dynamic construction of REMs instead of static solutions. We strongly believe that the deployed testbed and obtained experimental data can further facilitate research in the area of REMs.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133887415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936214
Lieven Tytgat, M. Barrie, V. Gonçalves, Opher Yaron, I. Moerman, P. Demeester, S. Pollin, P. Ballon, S. Delaere
Recent advances in wireless communication theory and semiconductor technology brought wireless to virtually every aspect of our life, and this trend is expected to continue to increase in the future. Unfortunately, as the number of wireless applications grows, the same scarce spectrum is reused over and over again, resulting in increased interference, which jeopardizes the prospect of wireless meeting its high expectations. Dynamic Spectrum Access proposes to mitigate this problem by adapting the operational parameters of wireless networks to varying interference conditions. However, the involved increase in cost threatens to reduce the benefit of wireless in different environments. In this paper we examine the economic balance between the added cost and the increased usability brought about by DSA. We focus on a particular real-life scenario — the production floor of an industrial installation — where there is typically extensive utilization of the ISM band. IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensors monitor production machinery, and IEEE 802.11 WLAN is used as the data backbone. We model the benefit achieved by adding RF sensing technology in terms of reliability and battery lifetime, and qualitatively assess the cost of interference and the potential gain of introducing sensing technology. Based on this techno-economic analysis, we conclude that if implemented correctly, spectrum sensing can bring business gains in real-life applications.
{"title":"Techno-economical viability of cognitive solutions for a factory scenario","authors":"Lieven Tytgat, M. Barrie, V. Gonçalves, Opher Yaron, I. Moerman, P. Demeester, S. Pollin, P. Ballon, S. Delaere","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936214","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in wireless communication theory and semiconductor technology brought wireless to virtually every aspect of our life, and this trend is expected to continue to increase in the future. Unfortunately, as the number of wireless applications grows, the same scarce spectrum is reused over and over again, resulting in increased interference, which jeopardizes the prospect of wireless meeting its high expectations. Dynamic Spectrum Access proposes to mitigate this problem by adapting the operational parameters of wireless networks to varying interference conditions. However, the involved increase in cost threatens to reduce the benefit of wireless in different environments. In this paper we examine the economic balance between the added cost and the increased usability brought about by DSA. We focus on a particular real-life scenario — the production floor of an industrial installation — where there is typically extensive utilization of the ISM band. IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensors monitor production machinery, and IEEE 802.11 WLAN is used as the data backbone. We model the benefit achieved by adding RF sensing technology in terms of reliability and battery lifetime, and qualitatively assess the cost of interference and the potential gain of introducing sensing technology. Based on this techno-economic analysis, we conclude that if implemented correctly, spectrum sensing can bring business gains in real-life applications.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131742018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936213
O. Grøndalen, M. Lahteenoja, Pål Grønsund
This paper proposes and evaluates three business case scenarios for deployment of a sensor network aided cognitive radio system in a typical European city. The first and main business case is based on spectrum sharing, where several spectrum owners establish a joint venture and this joint venture gets the rights to use the “unused” spectrum resources of all those spectrum owners in a cognitive way. Then we study the business case of a spectrum broker, an entity that deploys, builds and operates a sensor network and sells either sensing information or information on spectrum opportunities to one or more cognitive radio operators. Finally we analyze the potential of a new entrant without existing infrastructure or frequency licenses, that uses a sensor network aided cognitive radio system to offer a nomadic mobile broadband service. It is found that the spectrum sharing business case is one of the best possible cases for the studied system because the joint venture operator has free access to frequency resources of the mother companies, detailed knowledge of the primary systems and good possibilities for sharing infrastructure with the owning operators. However, since the studied system is an innovative concept and some of the assumed parameters are therefore uncertain, it should be noted that the main value of the business case calculations is to identify critical aspects influencing the profitability so that future research and development work can focus on them. It is found that the most critical aspects are the fixed sensor density, the fixed sensor operational costs and the number of new cognitive base station sites required.
{"title":"Evaluation of business cases for a cognitive radio network based on wireless sensor network","authors":"O. Grøndalen, M. Lahteenoja, Pål Grønsund","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936213","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes and evaluates three business case scenarios for deployment of a sensor network aided cognitive radio system in a typical European city. The first and main business case is based on spectrum sharing, where several spectrum owners establish a joint venture and this joint venture gets the rights to use the “unused” spectrum resources of all those spectrum owners in a cognitive way. Then we study the business case of a spectrum broker, an entity that deploys, builds and operates a sensor network and sells either sensing information or information on spectrum opportunities to one or more cognitive radio operators. Finally we analyze the potential of a new entrant without existing infrastructure or frequency licenses, that uses a sensor network aided cognitive radio system to offer a nomadic mobile broadband service. It is found that the spectrum sharing business case is one of the best possible cases for the studied system because the joint venture operator has free access to frequency resources of the mother companies, detailed knowledge of the primary systems and good possibilities for sharing infrastructure with the owning operators. However, since the studied system is an innovative concept and some of the assumed parameters are therefore uncertain, it should be noted that the main value of the business case calculations is to identify critical aspects influencing the profitability so that future research and development work can focus on them. It is found that the most critical aspects are the fixed sensor density, the fixed sensor operational costs and the number of new cognitive base station sites required.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130895919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936225
J. Riihijarvi, J. Nasreddine, P. Mahonen
We study the influence of the structure and dynamics of the primary network on occurrence and quality of transmit opportunities of the secondary network. In order to obtain accurate results, we develop a framework for performance evaluation that allows detailed modeling of the networks involved, while still enabling general conclusions to be drawn. The approach and results are applicable to diverse application scenarios, such as use of dynamic spectrum access techniques for femtocell deployments within operator networks. The techniques presented here can also be applied beyond dynamic spectrum access based networks for studying the performance of more general heterogeneous wireless systems as well. We use a combination of actual node location data sets and carefully selected node location models in order to obtain reliable results, while still allowing general conclusions to be made. The results show that even in dense primary networks significant opportunities for secondary use can arise. These originate either from the temporal dynamics of the primary, or in spatial domain from frequency reuse, provided that the primary network is active at most 30–50% of the time. For higher activity levels there are almost no useful spectrum opportunities even if the primary network is rather sparsely deployed. The results also show that the spatial structure of the deployment of the secondary network has significant influence on the capacity that can be achieved by using the arising spectrum opportunities.
{"title":"Influence of primary network structure and dynamics on achievable performance of cognitive wireless networks","authors":"J. Riihijarvi, J. Nasreddine, P. Mahonen","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936225","url":null,"abstract":"We study the influence of the structure and dynamics of the primary network on occurrence and quality of transmit opportunities of the secondary network. In order to obtain accurate results, we develop a framework for performance evaluation that allows detailed modeling of the networks involved, while still enabling general conclusions to be drawn. The approach and results are applicable to diverse application scenarios, such as use of dynamic spectrum access techniques for femtocell deployments within operator networks. The techniques presented here can also be applied beyond dynamic spectrum access based networks for studying the performance of more general heterogeneous wireless systems as well. We use a combination of actual node location data sets and carefully selected node location models in order to obtain reliable results, while still allowing general conclusions to be made. The results show that even in dense primary networks significant opportunities for secondary use can arise. These originate either from the temporal dynamics of the primary, or in spatial domain from frequency reuse, provided that the primary network is active at most 30–50% of the time. For higher activity levels there are almost no useful spectrum opportunities even if the primary network is rather sparsely deployed. The results also show that the spatial structure of the deployment of the secondary network has significant influence on the capacity that can be achieved by using the arising spectrum opportunities.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132575122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936232
Johannes Dams, Thomas Kesselheim, B. Vocking
Due to limited batteries in mobile communications, network participants are confronted with a trade-off between transmitting more often or with more power. In this paper, we examine the situation arising from selfish utilization of the spectrum game theoretically. We design a game, called Transmission Probability Control Game with Limited Energy. Players optimize their probabilistic throughput selfishly while being restricted in their available energy. Each device can adjust the transmission probability and the transmission power. We examine Nash equilibria in this game. We prove that mixed Nash equilibria always exist whereas pure ones do not. By analyzing their structure and the existence of pure Nash equilibria in a restricted case, we determine how much performance is lost when Nash equilibria are applied in comparison to an optimal choice of sending probabilities and powers.
{"title":"Transmission Probability Control Game with Limited Energy","authors":"Johannes Dams, Thomas Kesselheim, B. Vocking","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936232","url":null,"abstract":"Due to limited batteries in mobile communications, network participants are confronted with a trade-off between transmitting more often or with more power. In this paper, we examine the situation arising from selfish utilization of the spectrum game theoretically. We design a game, called Transmission Probability Control Game with Limited Energy. Players optimize their probabilistic throughput selfishly while being restricted in their available energy. Each device can adjust the transmission probability and the transmission power. We examine Nash equilibria in this game. We prove that mixed Nash equilibria always exist whereas pure ones do not. By analyzing their structure and the existence of pure Nash equilibria in a restricted case, we determine how much performance is lost when Nash equilibria are applied in comparison to an optimal choice of sending probabilities and powers.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129482108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936201
Thành Nguyen, Hang Zhou, R. Berry, M. Honig, R. Vohra
The FCC in the U.S. has recently increased the amount of spectrum available for wireless broadband data services by permitting unlicensed access to television white-spaces. While this additional unlicensed spectrum allows for market expansion, it also influences competition among providers and can increase congestion (interference) among consumers of wireless services. We study the value (social welfare) obtained by adding unlicensed spectrum to an existing allocation of licensed spectrum among incumbent Service Providers (SPs). We assume a population of customers who choose a provider based on minimum delivered price. Here, delivered price is the price of the service plus a congestion cost, which depends on the number of subscribers in a band. For the model considered, we find that the social welfare depends on the amount of additional unlicensed spectrum, and can actually decrease over a significant range of unlicensed bandwidths.
{"title":"The impact of additional unlicensed spectrum on wireless services competition","authors":"Thành Nguyen, Hang Zhou, R. Berry, M. Honig, R. Vohra","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936201","url":null,"abstract":"The FCC in the U.S. has recently increased the amount of spectrum available for wireless broadband data services by permitting unlicensed access to television white-spaces. While this additional unlicensed spectrum allows for market expansion, it also influences competition among providers and can increase congestion (interference) among consumers of wireless services. We study the value (social welfare) obtained by adding unlicensed spectrum to an existing allocation of licensed spectrum among incumbent Service Providers (SPs). We assume a population of customers who choose a provider based on minimum delivered price. Here, delivered price is the price of the service plus a congestion cost, which depends on the number of subscribers in a band. For the model considered, we find that the social welfare depends on the amount of additional unlicensed spectrum, and can actually decrease over a significant range of unlicensed bandwidths.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129489559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936270
Ruolin Zhou, Xue Li, V. Chakravarthy, Zhiqiang Wu
In our previous work, we have demonstrated an interference avoidance overlay cognitive radio using software defined radio [1][2]. By employing spectrally modulated spectrally encoded (SMSE) framework based multi-carrier transmission waveforms, the cognitive radio is capable of turning off certain subcarriers to avoid interference to the primary users in the band. Hence, the cognitive radio operates over multiple noncontiguous spectrum holes. Here, we extend our previous work to implement and demonstrate spectrum mobility in cognitive radio. Specifically, while the cognitive radio operates over a 2MHz band, the cognitive radio will continuously sense the spectrum wider than the 2MHz band. When the total available spectrum, which is determined by stitching all spectrum holes together in the 2MHz band, is insufficient to support the required cognitive radio transmission, the cognitive radio dynamically moves to a different frequency band where enough spectrum holes exist. We demonstrate real time video transmission between two cognitive radio nodes and seamless transition when the spectrum handoff occurs.
{"title":"Spectrum mobility demonstration of SMSE based overlay cognitive radio via software defined radio","authors":"Ruolin Zhou, Xue Li, V. Chakravarthy, Zhiqiang Wu","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936270","url":null,"abstract":"In our previous work, we have demonstrated an interference avoidance overlay cognitive radio using software defined radio [1][2]. By employing spectrally modulated spectrally encoded (SMSE) framework based multi-carrier transmission waveforms, the cognitive radio is capable of turning off certain subcarriers to avoid interference to the primary users in the band. Hence, the cognitive radio operates over multiple noncontiguous spectrum holes. Here, we extend our previous work to implement and demonstrate spectrum mobility in cognitive radio. Specifically, while the cognitive radio operates over a 2MHz band, the cognitive radio will continuously sense the spectrum wider than the 2MHz band. When the total available spectrum, which is determined by stitching all spectrum holes together in the 2MHz band, is insufficient to support the required cognitive radio transmission, the cognitive radio dynamically moves to a different frequency band where enough spectrum holes exist. We demonstrate real time video transmission between two cognitive radio nodes and seamless transition when the spectrum handoff occurs.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127172369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-03DOI: 10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936273
M. López-Benítez, F. Casadevall
This paper presents an empirical time-dimension model of spectrum use in the context of dynamic spectrum access. Concretely, a discrete-time two-state Markov chain with novel duty cycle models is proposed as an adequate mean to accurately describe spectrum occupancy in the time domain. The validity and accuracy of the proposed model is assessed and corroborated with extensive empirical data from a multi-band spectrum measurement campaign. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to capture and reproduce with significant accuracy the statistical properties of spectrum use observed in real channels of various technologies.
{"title":"Discrete-time spectrum occupancy model based on Markov Chain and duty cycle models","authors":"M. López-Benítez, F. Casadevall","doi":"10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2011.5936273","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an empirical time-dimension model of spectrum use in the context of dynamic spectrum access. Concretely, a discrete-time two-state Markov chain with novel duty cycle models is proposed as an adequate mean to accurately describe spectrum occupancy in the time domain. The validity and accuracy of the proposed model is assessed and corroborated with extensive empirical data from a multi-band spectrum measurement campaign. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to capture and reproduce with significant accuracy the statistical properties of spectrum use observed in real channels of various technologies.","PeriodicalId":119856,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130078156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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