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ПРОВЕДЕНИЕ СКРИНИНГА РАКА МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕБЛАГОПРИЯТНОЙ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СИТУАЦИИ COVID-19 在恶劣的流行病学环境下进行乳腺癌筛查
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.17709/2410-1893-2021-8-3-3
К. С. Држевецкая, Г. П. Корженкова
Purpose of the study. To evaluate the results of breast cancer screening (BC) in the conditions of an unfavorable epidemiological situation COVID‑19 based on the analysis of the BC screening project in the Kaluga Region. Patients and methods. Screening system: creation and implementation in practice of mobile mammography complexes (MMC); training of medical personnel in the method of conducting a standardized mammographic examination (ME); quality control of ME; "Cloud" storage and software development for archiving patients; an independent review of mammograms by certified specialists; expert review of images in case of discrepancies in diagnoses; referral of patients diagnosed with BI-RADS IV and V to the regional oncological dispensary for further examination and treatment. From 04.2018 to 12.2020 patients were examined on MMC according to the BC screening protocol. We examined 47367 patients over the age of 40 years. SD 57.66 ± 8.17 years (38-93). During the COVID‑19 pandemic, imaging of breast diseases must be carried out in compliance with all safety regulations for both personnel and patients. Balancing the need to avoid delays in diagnosing BC while preventing infection requires careful attention to personal protective equipment, handling of diagnostic equipment, diagnostic facilities, and physical distancing and vigilance to maintain these measures. Results . From 07.2020 to 11.2020: a total of 10736 studies have been carried out. In the context of new coronavirus infection, we noted an increased demand among patients wishing to undergo BC screening. The flow of patients over the same period of previous years was less, which indicates the demand and justification for screening mammography and the use of MMC in an unfavorable epidemiological situation. 174 patients received category BI-RADS IV-V and were referred for a follow-up examination and required treatment at an oncological dispensary. In 39 patients (22.4 %), BC was verified, and appropriate treatment was carried out. In 135 cases, benign processes were verified. Conclusion. BC screening should not be stopped against the backdrop of the COVID‑19 epidemic since a delay in BC diagnosis later threatens to reveal more voluminous processes with a worse prognosis for treatment and rehabilitation than timely detected changes in the mammary glands in the early preclinical stages of the disease.
研究目的:通过对卡卢加地区乳腺癌筛查项目的分析,评价在流行病学形势不利的情况下开展乳腺癌筛查(BC)的效果。患者和方法。筛查系统:移动乳房x线摄影复合体(MMC)的创建与实践培训医务人员进行标准化乳房x线摄影检查的方法;机电工程质量控制;患者档案“云”存储和软件开发;由认证专家对乳房x光检查进行独立审查;在诊断不一致的情况下对图像进行专家审查;将诊断为BI-RADS IV和V的患者转介到区域肿瘤诊所进行进一步检查和治疗。2018年4月至2020年12月,根据BC筛查方案对患者进行MMC检查。我们检查了47367名40岁以上的患者。SD(57.66±8.17)年(38 ~ 93)。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,必须按照针对工作人员和患者的所有安全规定进行乳腺疾病成像。在预防感染的同时,要平衡避免延误诊断BC的需要,需要仔细注意个人防护装备、诊断设备和诊断设施的处理,并保持物理距离和警惕,以维持这些措施。结果。2020年07月- 2020年11月:共开展10736项研究。在新型冠状病毒感染的背景下,我们注意到希望接受BC筛查的患者需求增加。与前几年同期相比,患者流量较少,这表明在不利的流行病学情况下,筛查乳房x光检查和MMC使用的需求和理由。174名患者接受了BI-RADS IV-V类治疗,并被转诊到肿瘤诊所接受后续检查和治疗。39例(22.4%)患者被证实为BC,并进行了适当的治疗。135例确诊为良性病变。结论。在COVID - 19流行的背景下,不应停止BC筛查,因为延迟BC诊断可能会揭示更多的过程,而在疾病的早期临床前阶段及时检测到乳腺的变化,可能会导致治疗和康复预后更差。
{"title":"ПРОВЕДЕНИЕ СКРИНИНГА РАКА МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕБЛАГОПРИЯТНОЙ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СИТУАЦИИ COVID-19","authors":"К. С. Држевецкая, Г. П. Корженкова","doi":"10.17709/2410-1893-2021-8-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17709/2410-1893-2021-8-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. To evaluate the results of breast cancer screening (BC) in the conditions of an unfavorable epidemiological situation COVID‑19 based on the analysis of the BC screening project in the Kaluga Region. Patients and methods. Screening system: creation and implementation in practice of mobile mammography complexes (MMC); training of medical personnel in the method of conducting a standardized mammographic examination (ME); quality control of ME; \"Cloud\" storage and software development for archiving patients; an independent review of mammograms by certified specialists; expert review of images in case of discrepancies in diagnoses; referral of patients diagnosed with BI-RADS IV and V to the regional oncological dispensary for further examination and treatment. From 04.2018 to 12.2020 patients were examined on MMC according to the BC screening protocol. We examined 47367 patients over the age of 40 years. SD 57.66 ± 8.17 years (38-93). During the COVID‑19 pandemic, imaging of breast diseases must be carried out in compliance with all safety regulations for both personnel and patients. Balancing the need to avoid delays in diagnosing BC while preventing infection requires careful attention to personal protective equipment, handling of diagnostic equipment, diagnostic facilities, and physical distancing and vigilance to maintain these measures. Results . From 07.2020 to 11.2020: a total of 10736 studies have been carried out. In the context of new coronavirus infection, we noted an increased demand among patients wishing to undergo BC screening. The flow of patients over the same period of previous years was less, which indicates the demand and justification for screening mammography and the use of MMC in an unfavorable epidemiological situation. 174 patients received category BI-RADS IV-V and were referred for a follow-up examination and required treatment at an oncological dispensary. In 39 patients (22.4 %), BC was verified, and appropriate treatment was carried out. In 135 cases, benign processes were verified. Conclusion. BC screening should not be stopped against the backdrop of the COVID‑19 epidemic since a delay in BC diagnosis later threatens to reveal more voluminous processes with a worse prognosis for treatment and rehabilitation than timely detected changes in the mammary glands in the early preclinical stages of the disease.","PeriodicalId":119961,"journal":{"name":"Research'n Practical Medicine Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130184230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Нейропсихологические особенности пациенток репродуктивного возраста с диагнозом рак молочной железы на этапе хирургического лечения с применением ксенон-кислородной терапии 生育年龄病人的神经心理特征,被诊断为乳腺癌,在手术治疗中使用氙-氧疗法。
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.17709/2410-1893-2021-8-3-1
Д. А. Розенко, А. И. Шихлярова, Лариса Ващенко, Наталья Николаевна Попова, Ю. Ю. Арапова, А. Ю. Арджа, А. А. Коробов
Purpose of the study . To study functional changes in the neuropsychological status of reproductive age patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer and to assess the possibility of using xenon-oxygen therapy to correct disorders. Patients and methods . This study included 60 reproductive age patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who were undergoing surgical treatment at the Department of Bone, Skin, Soft Tissue and Breast Tumors of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia from 2018 to 2020. The main group included 30 patients with breast cancer diagnosed at the surgical stage of combined treatment, who underwent a rehabilitation course of xenon-oxygen therapy in the early postoperative period. The control group was formed from patients with the same diagnosis, without the use of this therapy. The functional state of the central nervous system in all patients was assessed by the parameters of the electroencephalography (EEG) bioelectrical activity. For the final assessment of the physiological and psychological state of the patients, a standardized questionnaires of the quality of life – ESAS, MOS-SF‑36, were used. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 10 software package. Results . During the study, statistically significant differences were found in the assessment of subjective indicators, so in the group of patients using xenon-oxygen therapy, there was an improvement in well-being by 2.6 times, a decrease in depression by 2.3 times, a decrease in symptoms of nausea by 3 times, anxiety 1.9 times (p < 0.05). Against the background of an improvement in the psychophysiological state, the EEG showed a significant increase in the power of slow delta and theta rhythms, an increase in the power of the alpha rhythm and a decrease in the power of the beta rhythm, while in the patients of the control group only a decrease in the power of the beta rhythm was noted. Conclusion . The early postoperative period in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer is characterized by the formation of a depressive symptom complex. The use of a course of xenon-oxygen therapy contributes to the normalization of the subjective feeling of physical and psychological health, increasing vital and social activity. Changes in the indicators of brain bioelectric activity and an improvement in psychophysiological state occur against the background of changes in brain activity caused by the normalizing effect of xenon.
研究目的:目的:探讨育龄期新发乳腺癌患者神经心理功能的变化,并探讨氙气-氧治疗的可行性。患者和方法。本研究纳入了俄罗斯卫生部国家肿瘤医学研究中心骨、皮肤、软组织和乳腺肿瘤科于2018年至2020年接受手术治疗的60例新诊断乳腺癌育龄患者。主要组为30例合并治疗的手术期确诊乳腺癌患者,术后早期进行氙气-氧治疗康复疗程。对照组由诊断相同的患者组成,不使用该疗法。通过脑电图(EEG)生物电活动参数评估所有患者中枢神经系统的功能状态。为了最终评估患者的生理和心理状态,采用标准化的生活质量问卷- ESAS, MOS-SF - 36。统计数据处理采用Statistica 10软件包。结果。在研究过程中,主观指标的评估差异有统计学意义,因此在使用氙气治疗的患者组中,幸福感改善了2.6倍,抑郁减轻了2.3倍,恶心症状减轻了3倍,焦虑减轻了1.9倍(p < 0.05)。在心理生理状态改善的背景下,脑电图显示缓慢的δ和θ节奏的功率显著增加,α节奏的功率增加,β节奏的功率下降,而对照组患者仅注意到β节奏的功率下降。结论。新诊断乳腺癌患者术后早期的特点是形成抑郁症状复合体。使用一个疗程的氙气-氧疗法有助于身心健康的主观感觉的正常化,增加生命和社会活动。在氙气的正常化作用下,脑活动发生改变,脑生物电活动指标发生变化,心理生理状态得到改善。
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引用次数: 0
Роль биомаркеров острого повреждения почек в прогнозировании функциональных результатов хирургического лечения у больных локализованным раком почки 在预测本地化肾癌患者的外科治疗功能方面,急性肾损伤生物标记的作用
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.17709/2410-1893-2021-8-3-9
Илья Олегович Дементьев, К. М. Нюшко, Олег Борисович Карякин, В. С. Чайков, А. В. Троянов, И. Н. Заборский, Е. О. Щукина
Currently, due to the dynamic development of surgical technologies, indications for organ-sparing treatment of kidney cancer are expanding. Acute kidney injury is a serious complication that leads to chronic kidney disease, increased postoperative mortality, deterioration of long-term functional outcomes, and increased hospitalization. At present, it is known that even a slight damage to kidneys or their impairment, presented by a decreased urine output and change in blood biochemical parameters, entails serious clinical consequences and is associated with a poor prognosis. Damaging factors, when the kidney is exposed, initially induce molecular changes, which entail the production of certain biomarkers, and only after that clinical aspects of kidney damage develop. The causes of acute kidney injury can be different, from specific renal disorders (acute interstitial nephritis, vascular and glomerular lesions, prerenal azotemia, obstructive disorders) to toxic damages, direct trauma and surgical treatment. The development of acute renal injury in the postoperative period is a serious complication of the surgical treatment of kidney disease, and, according to various authors, the frequency of its occurrence varies from 5.5 % to 34 %. An active study of this problem made it possible to find specific biomarkers that give the possibility to predict and diagnose acute renal injury in the early stages, to optimize the treatment strategy, to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and to shorten the period of postoperative rehabilitation. Currently, the most studied of acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarkers are cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin‑2 (NGAL), hepatic protein L-FABP, KIM‑1 (Kidney injury molecule‑1), Interleukin – 18. Further study of AKI biomarkers will make it possible to determine the most significant ones for subsequent use in everyday practice
目前,由于手术技术的动态发展,肾癌保留器官治疗的适应症不断扩大。急性肾损伤是一种严重的并发症,可导致慢性肾脏疾病,术后死亡率增加,长期功能预后恶化,住院率增加。目前,我们知道,即使是肾脏的轻微损伤或损害,表现为尿量减少和血液生化参数的改变,也会导致严重的临床后果,并伴有不良预后。损害因素,当肾脏暴露时,最初会引起分子变化,这需要产生某些生物标志物,只有在此之后,肾脏损害的临床方面才会发展。急性肾损伤的原因可能不同,从特定的肾脏疾病(急性间质性肾炎、血管和肾小球病变、肾前氮质症、阻塞性疾病)到毒性损害、直接创伤和手术治疗。术后急性肾损伤的发生是肾脏疾病手术治疗的一个严重并发症,根据不同作者的研究,其发生频率从5.5%到34%不等。通过对这一问题的积极研究,可以找到特异性的生物标志物,为早期预测和诊断急性肾损伤提供可能,优化治疗策略,减少术后并发症的发生率,缩短术后康复周期。目前,研究最多的急性肾损伤(AKI)生物标志物是胱氨酸抑制素C、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂钙素- 2 (NGAL)、肝蛋白L-FABP、KIM - 1(肾损伤分子- 1)、白细胞介素- 18。对AKI生物标志物的进一步研究将使确定在日常实践中最重要的生物标志物成为可能
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引用次数: 2
Direct effectiveness of adding local hyperthermia to the scheme of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer 局部晚期直肠癌新辅助放化疗方案中加入局部热疗的直接效果
Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2020-7-3-1
S. A. Ivanov, L. Petrov, D. Erygin, I. Gulidov, A. A. Karpov
Purpose of the study. Direct evaluation of the antitumor effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer using local electromagnetic hyperthermia. Materials and methods. The analysis of the direct results of treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer in the clinic of the MRRC them. A.F.Tsyba is a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Scientific Research Center for Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russia from 2015 to 2018. The study included 2 groups of patients: the study group of 54 patients and the control group of 56 people. All patients underwent a comprehensive examination with the aim of staging and morphological verification of the tumor. Patients of the study group in the neoadjuvant mode received conventional radiation therapy with classical dose fractionation in ROD 2 Gy, up to SOD 50 Gy, for 5 weeks with CAPOX chemotherapy, and local electromagnetic hyperthermia on the Yacht 4 unit, in the amount of 6 sessions. Patients in the control group received neoadjuvant treatment in an absolutely identical manner, with the exception of local hyperthermia. After the end of neoadjuvant therapy after 8–10 weeks, a comprehensive examination was again performed to assess the response of the tumor and a decision was made to conduct surgical treatment. During the follow-up examination, the following parameters were evaluated: tumor regression according to clinical and radiological examination. After surgical treatment, a comprehensive evaluation of the removed drug was carried out, including an assessment of the degree of therapeutic tumor pathomorphism according to Lavnikova G. P. Results. When conducting a comparative analysis of the frequency of complete clinical regressions of the tumor in the thermo-chemoradiotherapy group, we more often recorded the full clinical response, 12 patients (22%), compared with the chemoradiotherapy group, 8 patients (14%). In terms of partial response and stabilization in the chemoradiotherapy group, partial regression was observed in 75% of patients, while in the thermochemioradiation group only in 52% of cases. Stabilization in the study and control groups was 14% and 6%, respectively. All patients of the study and control groups with partial tumor regression and stabilization underwent surgical treatment. As a result, the frequency of surgical operations in the control group was slightly higher than 48 (85.7%) versus 42 (77.7%) from the main group (p>0.05). When analyzing the frequency of a complete pathomorphological response, we noted that in the thermochemo-radiation therapy group it was 34% versus 4% in the chemo-radiation therapy group. On the contrary, pathomorphism of the 1st degree was much more common in patients of the control group — 21% versus 2% in the study group. The differences in both cases are statistically highly significant (p<0.001, χ 2 15, χ 2 7). Conclusion. The use of thermochemoradiotherapy with high statistical significance (p<0.001) incre
研究目的:局部电磁热疗对直肠癌新辅助放化疗抗肿瘤效果的直接评价。材料和方法。分析局部晚期直肠癌患者在MRRC临床治疗的直接效果。aftsyba是2015年至2018年俄罗斯卫生部联邦国家预算机构放射学科学研究中心的分支机构。本研究分为两组患者:研究组54例,对照组56例。所有患者都接受了全面的检查,目的是肿瘤的分期和形态学验证。新辅助模式下,研究组患者接受传统放射治疗,ROD 2 Gy, SOD 50 Gy,经典剂量分割,5周,CAPOX化疗,Yacht 4单元局部电磁热疗,共6个疗程。对照组患者除局部热疗外,以完全相同的方式接受新辅助治疗。新辅助治疗结束后8-10周,再次进行全面检查以评估肿瘤的反应,并决定进行手术治疗。在随访检查中,评估以下参数:根据临床和放射学检查肿瘤消退。手术治疗后,对移除的药物进行综合评价,包括根据Lavnikova G. P. Results评估治疗性肿瘤的病理程度。在对热放化疗组肿瘤临床完全消退的频率进行比较分析时,我们更多地记录了完全临床缓解,12例(22%),而放化疗组为8例(14%)。在部分缓解和稳定方面,放化疗组75%的患者出现部分消退,而热化学放疗组只有52%的病例出现部分消退。研究组和对照组的稳定性分别为14%和6%。所有肿瘤部分消退稳定的实验组和对照组患者均行手术治疗。对照组手术次数48次(85.7%)略高于对照组42次(77.7%)(p>0.05)。当分析完全病理形态学反应的频率时,我们注意到,在热化疗-放疗组中,这一比例为34%,而在化疗-放疗组中为4%。相反,1级病理型在对照组患者中更为常见,为21%,而研究组为2%。两种病例的差异具有高度统计学意义(p<0.001, χ 2 15, χ 27)。使用具有高统计学意义(p<0.001)的热放化疗增加了完全病理形态学反应的频率:研究组为34%,而放化疗组为4%。
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引用次数: 3
Remodeling the cancer service in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Federal research center of the 1st level 在COVID-19大流行背景下重塑联邦一级研究中心的癌症服务
Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2020-7-2-1
A. Kaprin, E. Gameeva, D. O. Roshchin, A. Kostin, G. S. Alekseeva, V. Khoronenko, G. Abuzarova, A. Fedenko, L. V. Pashigorova, Y. Samsonov
The article is devoted to the most relevant topic at present - the possibilities of providing full medical care to cancer patients in the context of the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic Cancer patients are the most vulnerable group, because they are at high risk from the position of immunosuppression, which is often combined with other risk factors for infection: old age, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases Procrastination and delaying the start of antitumor therapy is unacceptable, since it inevitably leads to a deterioration of treatment results, an increase in one-year mortality and worsens the overall survival rate for malignant neoplasms Thus, it is necessary to develop a set of measures that will allow all types of anti-cancer treatment to be carried out in parallel with anti-epidemic measures without losing the quality of treatment and preserving the safety of patients and medical personnel Статья посвящена наиболее актуальной в настоящее время теме - возможностям оказания полноценной медицинской помощи онкологическим пациентам в условиях распространения пандемии коронавируса COVID-19 Онкологические пациенты являются наиболее уязвимым контингентом, поскольку находятся в зоне повышенного риска с позиции иммуносупрессии, которая зачастую сочетается с остальными факторами риска развития инфекции: пожилой возраст, наличие диабета и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний Промедление и затягивание сроков начала противоопухолевой терапии недопустимы, поскольку неизбежно ведут к ухудшению результатов лечения, повышению одногодичной летальности и ухудшают показатели общей выживаемости при злокачественных новообразованиях Таким образом, необходимо разработать комплекс мер, которые позволят проводить все виды противоопухолевого лечения параллельно с противоэпидемическими мероприятиями без потери качества лечения и сохраняя безопасность для пациентов и медицинского персонала
本文致力于当前最相关的话题——在COVID-19冠状病毒大流行蔓延的背景下,为癌症患者提供全面医疗护理的可能性癌症患者是最脆弱的群体,因为他们处于免疫抑制的高度危险中,这往往与其他感染危险因素相结合:拖延和推迟抗肿瘤治疗的开始是不可接受的,因为这不可避免地导致治疗效果的恶化,一年期死亡率的增加,并使恶性肿瘤的总体存活率恶化。有必要开发一套措施将允许所有类型的抗癌治疗并行进行卫生防疫措施在不损失质量的治疗和保护患者和医务人员的安全Статьяпосвященанаиболееактуальнойвнастоящеевремятеме——возможностямоказанияполноценноймедицинскойпомощионкологическимпациентамвусловияхраспространенияпандемиикоронавирусаCOVID-19Онкологическиепациентыявляютсянаиболееуязвимымконтингентом,посколькунаходятсявзонеповышенногорискаспозициииммуносупресси,икотораязачастуюсочетаетсясостальнымифакторамирискаразвитияинфекции:пожилойвозраст,наличиедиабетаисердечно——сосудистыхзаболеванийПромедлениеизатягиваниесроковначалапротивоопухолевойтерапиинедопустимы,посколькунеизбежноведуткухудшениюрезультатовлечения,повышениюодногодичнойлетальностииухудшаютпоказателиобщейвыживаемостипризлокачественныхновообразованияхТакимобразом,необходиморазработатькомплексмер,которыепозволятпроводитьвсевидыпротивоопухолевоголеченияпараллельноспротивоэпидемическимимероприятиямибезпотерикачествалеченияисохраняябезопасностьдляпациентовимедицинскогоперсонала
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引用次数: 8
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PROSTATE TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA THROUGH INTRAOPERATIVE TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND MONITORING OF THE REMOVED TISSUE VOLUME 术中经直肠超声监测切除组织体积提高良性前列腺增生患者经尿道前列腺切除术质量
Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-2-5
V. B. Filimonov, R. V. Vasin, I. S. Sobennikov
Purpose of the study. To improve the quality of prostate transurethral resection by means of intraoperative ultrasound monitoring of the removed tissue volume.Patients and methods. The study included 92 patients who, according to indications, underwent prostate transurethral resection. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group included patients (n = 50) operated on using the method of monitoring the removed tissue volume, proposed in the study. The average age of patients in this group was 67.4 ± 3.88 years, the average prostate volume before surgery was 59.5 ± 4.5 cm3 with a range of values from 42 cm3 to 94 cm3. The 2nd group (n = 42) included patients operated on according to the classical method of prostate transurethral resection. The average age of patients in this group was 68.1 ± 2.9 years, the average prostate volume before surgery was 53.5 ± 4.5 cm3. Results. The average prostate volume atier surgery in patients of the 1st group was 23.2 ± 1.8 cm3. Thus, the average volume of the removed tissue was 63.2% of the prostate gland initial volume. The average prostate volume atier surgery in patients of the 2nd group was 25.6 ± 1.9 cm3 (p < 0.05). The average volume of the removed tissue was 52.1% of the prostate gland initial volume. The number of complications is comparable in groups of patients. When using the removed tissue control during surgery, it was possible to increase the resection radicality, which is refl ected by a smaller average residual volume of the prostate gland (by 9.4%) atier surgery.Conclusion. The use of ultrasonic control of the prostate adenoma removed tissue volume during prostate transurethral resection does not increase the risks of possible postoperative complications, wherein increases radicality of the performed operation.
研究目的:目的:通过术中超声监测切除组织体积,提高经尿道前列腺切除术的质量。患者和方法。该研究包括92例患者,他们根据适应症接受了经尿道前列腺切除术。患者分为两组。第一组患者(n = 50)采用本研究提出的监测切除组织体积方法进行手术。本组患者平均年龄67.4±3.88岁,术前平均前列腺体积59.5±4.5 cm3,范围为42 ~ 94 cm3。第二组(42例)采用经尿道前列腺切除术。本组患者平均年龄68.1±2.9岁,术前平均前列腺体积53.5±4.5 cm3。结果。第一组患者术后平均前列腺体积为23.2±1.8 cm3。因此,切除组织的平均体积为前列腺初始体积的63.2%。第二组患者术后平均前列腺体积为25.6±1.9 cm3 (p < 0.05)。切除组织的平均体积为前列腺初始体积的52.1%。并发症的数量在不同的患者组中是相似的。术中使用切除组织控制,可以增加切除根治性,这反映在术后前列腺平均残余体积较小(9.4%)。在经尿道前列腺切除术中使用超声控制前列腺腺瘤切除组织体积不会增加可能的术后并发症的风险,这增加了所进行手术的根治性。
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引用次数: 1
ANTITUMOR EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND THEIR EFFECT ON PAIN IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 电磁场的抗肿瘤作用及其对肿瘤实验和临床疼痛的影响
Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-2-9
E. Frantsiyants, E. Sheiko
The review examined and analyzed scientific publications on the effect of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on various sys­tems of the human body and animals with tumors, as well as on pain in the experiment and the clinic. The theoretical foundations and practical results of the use of EMF in various modulations and modes in the goals and objectives of oncology, including how to optimize the process of anesthesia and correct the vital activity of the body's functional systems with a tumor, are consecrated. Information is given on possible physicochemical effects, features, and mecha­nisms of therapeutic influence at various levels of a living organism. The ability of electromagnetic waves to transfer in­formation both within a single biosystem and at the level of a whole living organism with a tumor is shown. Studies of combined action of EMF and chemotherapy were analyzed. It has been established that there are experimental prerequisites for using this factor in order to induce changes in the permeability of the membranes of tumor cells by in­creasing the internalization of chemotherapeutic agents and, thus, enhance the antitumor effect. The role of EMF in the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells is shown. It has been shown that chemotherapy together with electromagnetic fields induces apoptosis and has an inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis in osteosarcoma cells, breast cancer, colon cancer, melanoma and other tumors. The role of magnetic fields in order to enhance the analgesic effect was investigated. The analgesic effect is due to the cessation or weakening of nerve impulses from the painful focus due to the elimination of hypoxia, the improvement of microcirculation, and the reduction of edema, it has been shown. Transcranial magnetic therapy is used as an analgesic tool in onconurology. The therapeutic anti-pain effect is associated with the stimulation of the antinociceptive system, an increase in the synthesis of natural analgesics — endorphins with their subsequent release into the cerebrospinal fluid and blood. As it has already been shown, with the increase in the intensity of pain and its duration, all indicators of the quality of life and the results of treatment of the patient deteriorate, so the search for ways to improve the antitumor effectiveness of specialized treatment and eliminate the causes that prevent their im­plementation continue to be relevant and in demand.
该审查审查和分析了有关电磁场对人体和肿瘤动物的各种系统的影响的科学出版物,以及对实验和临床疼痛的影响。在肿瘤学的目标和目的中,包括如何优化麻醉过程和纠正肿瘤的身体功能系统的重要活动,在各种调制和模式下使用EMF的理论基础和实际结果是神圣的。信息给出了可能的物理化学作用,特点,和机制的治疗影响在不同水平的生物体。显示了电磁波在单个生物系统内和在带有肿瘤的整个生物体的水平上传递信息的能力。对电磁场与化疗联合作用的研究进行了分析。已经确定,使用该因子通过增加化疗药物的内化来诱导肿瘤细胞膜通透性的变化,从而增强抗肿瘤效果,具有实验前提条件。显示了电磁场在诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡中的作用。研究表明,化疗联合电磁场诱导骨肉瘤细胞、乳腺癌、结肠癌、黑色素瘤等肿瘤细胞凋亡,并对DNA合成有抑制作用。研究了磁场在增强镇痛作用中的作用。镇痛作用是由于缺氧的消除、微循环的改善和水肿的减少而使疼痛病灶的神经冲动停止或减弱,这已被证明。经颅磁疗是一种用于肿瘤治疗的镇痛手段。治疗性镇痛作用与抗痛觉系统的刺激、天然镇痛药内啡肽合成的增加及其随后释放到脑脊液和血液中有关。正如已经显示的那样,随着疼痛强度和持续时间的增加,患者的生活质量和治疗结果的所有指标都会恶化,因此寻找提高专门治疗的抗肿瘤有效性并消除阻止其实施的原因的方法仍然是相关的和需要的。
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引用次数: 4
MRI-PATHOLOGICAL PARALLELS WITH THE COMPLETE TUMOR RESPONSE TO NEOADJUVANT CHEMORADIATION TREATMENT OF RECTAL CANCER mri病理与直肠癌新辅助放化疗完全肿瘤反应的比较
Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-2-4
T. P. Berezoskaya, S. A. Mozerov, Ya. A. Dayneko, A. Nevolskikh, Z. Shavladze, S. A. Ivanov, A. Kaprin
Purpose of the study. To study the patterns of forming an MRI picture of a complete pathological morphological response (pCR) of colorectal cancer a’ er neoadjuvant chemoradia… on therapy (NHLT) based on comparisons with the pathomorphological picture. Patients and methods. Among 130 patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer who received a combined treatment with NHL at A. Tsyb MRRC clinic — a Branch of HMRRC of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the period 2012–2017 thirteen patients were selected for the study, in whom pCR was achieved, according to the pathological analysis of surgical specimen. MRI was performed on all patients before the NHLT and atier the end (atier 6–10 weeks) of treatment. We analyzed the MRI fi ndings from case histories (prospective assessment) on degree of tumor regression (mrTRG) using a fi ve-point grading scale. Ten of these patients had MRI examinations available for re-review (retrospective assessment), which allowed for a qualitate ve assessment of the signal intensity in T2 mode on a nominal scale, according to which low, medium, moderately elevated and high MR signals were discerned; signal localization was determined relative to the intestinal lumen with conditional selection of the inner and outer layer of the wall, and the outer contour was charactezied (smooth or uneven due to hypointense spicules). The obtained data on the localization of the MR signal of varying intensity were compared with the data of the pathological description of the operating drugs.Results. A prospective MRI assessment of pCR in 77% of cases corresponded to TRG2 and in 92% — y N0. Macroscopically, the pCR in all patients had an appearance of an ulcerative defect of the intestinal wall, to which on T2-WI in 80% of cases corresponded to a moderately elevated MR signal from the inside of the wall, due to necroti c changes and granulations, and in 100% of cases — a low MR signal from the outer layer of the intestinal wall, caused by a more mature connective tissue, the outer contour in 50% of cases was tight due to the desmoplastic reaction; hypo-intensive inclusions corresponded to lime deposits, and “mucous lakes” — inclusions with high signal intensity and clear contours.Conclusion The features of forming MRI picture of the pCR are due to a range of radiation pathomorphosis manifestations, including destructive, regenera… ve and infl ammatory processes in the tumor stroma.
研究目的:研究结直肠癌患者新辅助放化疗…(NHLT)的病理形态学完全反应(pCR)的MRI图像形成模式,并与病理形态学图像进行比较。患者和方法。2012-2017年期间,在俄罗斯联邦卫生部HMRRC分支机构a . Tsyb MRRC诊所接受NHL联合治疗的130例局部晚期结直肠癌患者中,选择了13例患者进行研究,根据手术标本的病理分析,对其进行pCR。所有患者在NHLT治疗前和治疗结束后(6-10周)进行MRI检查。我们使用五分制分级量表分析了来自病例史(前瞻性评估)的肿瘤消退程度(mrTRG)的MRI结果。其中10例患者的MRI检查可用于重新审查(回顾性评估),这允许在标称尺度上对T2模式的信号强度进行定性评估,根据低,中,中度升高和高MR信号进行识别;信号相对于肠腔定位,有条件地选择肠壁的内外层,并对肠壁外轮廓进行表征(平滑或因针状体密度低而不均匀)。将所获得的不同强度的MR信号定位数据与手术药物的病理描述数据进行比较。pCR的前瞻性MRI评估在77%的病例中对应于TRG2,在92%的病例中对应于N0。宏观上,pCR在所有患者出现肠壁溃疡性的缺陷,而在80%的情况下与T2-WI适度升高先生从内部信号的墙,由于necroti c变化和造粒,在100%的情况下,较低的信号从先生的外层肠壁,引起的更加成熟的结缔组织,50%的病例的外轮廓紧由于反应多见;低强度包裹体对应于石灰矿床和“粘液湖”-包裹体具有高信号强度和清晰的轮廓。结论形成pCR MRI图像的特征是由于肿瘤基质的一系列放射病理形态学表现,包括破坏性、再生…和炎症过程。
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引用次数: 3
PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR RESECTABLE COMMON BILE DUCT CANCER 可切除胆总管癌的预后因素分析
Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-2-7
A. Syskova, I. Stilidi, A. N. Polyakov
Common bile duct cancer is a rare malignant disease with a poor prognosis. Five-year overall survival is 18-48%, and more than half of the patients relapse within five years. Metastases in the regional lymph nodes and the presence of tumor cells in the margin of the resection are independent factors of a negative prognosis and are associated with a high risk of recurrence. The clinical significance of other prognostic factors, such as renal invasion, low degree of differentiation, tumor size, pancreatic invasion and the need for resection of adjacent organs, require further study.
{"title":"PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR RESECTABLE COMMON BILE DUCT CANCER","authors":"A. Syskova, I. Stilidi, A. N. Polyakov","doi":"10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-2-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-2-7","url":null,"abstract":"Common bile duct cancer is a rare malignant disease with a poor prognosis. Five-year overall survival is 18-48%, and more than half of the patients relapse within five years. Metastases in the regional lymph nodes and the presence of tumor cells in the margin of the resection are independent factors of a negative prognosis and are associated with a high risk of recurrence. The clinical significance of other prognostic factors, such as renal invasion, low degree of differentiation, tumor size, pancreatic invasion and the need for resection of adjacent organs, require further study.","PeriodicalId":119961,"journal":{"name":"Research'n Practical Medicine Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127078047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE RESULTS OF MODULAR ENDOPROSTHESIS OF PERIACETABULAR REGION IN TUMOR LESIONS OF THE ACETABULUM AND HIP JOINT 髋臼周围模块化假体在髋臼及髋关节肿瘤病变中的应用效果
Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-2-2
G. D. Iluridze, V. Karpenko, V. Derzhavin, A. V. Bukharov
Surgical treatment of patients with tumoral defeat of pelvic bones, of preacetabular region, in particular, is one of the most challenging topics of modern oncorthopedics. Currently, one of the most modern methods of reconstruction of the pelvic bones is the use of modular endoprostheses based on the conical leg, the advantage of which is the ability to intraoperatively simulate an endoprosthesis that best meets the specific clinical situation. Purpose of research. To assess the benefits of modular endoprosthesis of the acetabulum in patients with tumoral defeat periacetabular region.Patients and methods. Within the period of 2011–2018 30 patients underwent surgical treatment in form of periacetabular resection with a modular endoprosthesis reconstruction in P.Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – Branch of National Medical Research Radiological Centre of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation. There were 13 men (43%) and 17 women (57%). The median age was 45 years (23–63 years). Primary bone cancers were in 19 (63%) patients, giant cell tumors in 5 (17%), locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma in 1 (3%), solitary metastases of kidney cancer in 2 (7%), and recurrent sarcomas after previous surgical treatment in 3 (10%) patients.Results. The average duration of the operation was 310 min (145–520 min), the volume of intraoperative blood loss was 5520 ml (600–20 000 ml). The positive edge of resection according to the results of the planned morphological study was revealed in 3 (10%) patients. The average follow-up period was 36 months (4-73 months). Disease progression in terms of 6 to 40 months was revealed in 10 (33%) patients. 8 (27%) patients from disease progression. Complications of different types were diagnosed in 11 (37%) patients, among whom infectious complications prevailed 9 (30%). The average value of the functional results on a scale MSTS accounted for 59% (15 to 82%). Conclusion. The use of modular systems of endoprosthesis replacement of the acetabulum and hip joint in tumor lesions is a promising surgical technique that allows to achieve adequate functional results with a comparable number of postoperative complications.
骨盆骨,特别是髋臼前区肿瘤失败患者的手术治疗是现代骨科最具挑战性的课题之一。目前,最现代的骨盆骨重建方法之一是使用基于锥形腿的模块化内假体,其优点是能够在术中模拟最符合具体临床情况的内假体。研究目的。目的:探讨模块化髋臼内假体在髋臼周围肿瘤患者中的应用价值。患者和方法。2011-2018年期间,30例患者在p.h hertsen莫斯科肿瘤研究所-俄罗斯联邦卫生部国家医学研究放射中心分支机构接受了髋臼周围切除术和模块化假体重建的手术治疗。其中男性13人(43%),女性17人(57%)。中位年龄为45岁(23-63岁)。原发骨癌19例(63%),巨细胞瘤5例(17%),局部晚期软组织肉瘤1例(3%),肾癌单发转移2例(7%),既往手术后复发肉瘤3例(10%)。平均手术时间310 min (145 ~ 520 min),术中出血量5520 ml(600 ~ 20万ml)。3例(10%)患者根据计划形态学研究结果显示切除阳性边缘。平均随访36个月(4 ~ 73个月)。10例(33%)患者在6至40个月内出现疾病进展。8例(27%)患者因疾病进展。有不同类型并发症11例(37%),其中感染性并发症9例(30%)。MSTS量表功能结果的平均值占59%(15 ~ 82%)。结论。在肿瘤病变中使用模块化假体系统置换髋臼和髋关节是一种很有前途的手术技术,可以在相当数量的术后并发症的情况下获得足够的功能结果。
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引用次数: 0
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Research'n Practical Medicine Journal
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