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2022 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA)最新文献

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Design and Realization of Underwater Target Vision 3D Reconstruction System 水下目标视觉三维重建系统的设计与实现
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856180
Bing Li, Hengtao Ma, Jiashuai Li
In order to meet the needs of high precision and fine 3D digitization of underwater targets, a visual 3D reconstruction system for underwater targets is designed. The system consists of underwater image sequence acquisition, underwater image preprocessing and 3D reconstruction. The acquisition of image sequences is based on the dynamic positioning platform with visual positioning and underwater camera. The underwater image preprocessing adopts the underwater image enhancement algorithm based on dark channel prior and color balance fusion to process the underwater image, improve the clarity and contrast of the sampled image, and correct the color deviation problem of the underwater image. The motion structure recovery and multi-view stereo vision algorithm are used to recover the three-dimensional point cloud information of spatial objects from two-dimensional images. The underwater image sequence is reconstructed by COLMAP + OpenMVS + Meshlab to obtain the reconstructed model data. The experimental results show that the designed underwater target visual three-dimensional reconstruction system has good three-dimensional reconstruction accuracy. After the underwater image enhancement method proposed in this paper, the measurement error of the reconstructed model is reduced from 5.3 % to 3.0 %, and the details of the model are more abundant. The accuracy and completeness of the reconstructed model are improved. This lays a foundation for large-scale underwater geological exploration and the establishment of large-scale underwater three-dimensional digital map.
为了满足水下目标高精度、精细三维数字化的需要,设计了一种水下目标可视化三维重建系统。该系统由水下图像序列采集、水下图像预处理和三维重建三部分组成。图像序列的获取是基于视觉定位和水下摄像机的动态定位平台。水下图像预处理采用基于暗通道先验和色彩平衡融合的水下图像增强算法对水下图像进行处理,提高采样图像的清晰度和对比度,纠正水下图像的色彩偏差问题。利用运动结构恢复和多视角立体视觉算法从二维图像中恢复空间目标的三维点云信息。利用COLMAP + OpenMVS + Meshlab对水下图像序列进行重构,得到重构后的模型数据。实验结果表明,所设计的水下目标视觉三维重建系统具有良好的三维重建精度。本文提出的水下图像增强方法后,重建模型的测量误差从5.3%降低到3.0%,模型细节更加丰富。重建模型的准确性和完整性得到了提高。这为大规模水下地质勘探和建立大规模水下三维数字地图奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Partial Depth Estimation with Single Image Using YOLO and CNN for Robot Arm Control 基于YOLO和CNN的单图像部分深度估计用于机械臂控制
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856055
Hirohisa Kato, F. Nagata, Yuito Murakami, Keita Koya
This paper presents experimental results of partial object detection using YOLO (You Only Look Once) and partial depth estimation using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) for application to a robot arm control. In recent years, image recognition and its application automation, as an alternative to advanced work, are attracting attention in various fields. In order for robot arms used in factories to perform high-value-added and flexible work, it is necessary to control them by object detection and recognition by deep learning. In this study, the authors propose a new approach for estimating the depth of partial images using YOLO and uses it to control the robot arm. In the experiments, both ends of a pen detected by YOLO are used for the input to a CNN. The detected parts are saved to images with a size of about 60 × 60 pixels, and the depths are estimated by giving the cropped images to the CNN. A desktop-sized robot with 4DOFs can successfully pick the pen by referring the depths. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through experiments.
本文给出了基于YOLO (You Only Look Once)的部分目标检测和基于CNN(卷积神经网络)的部分深度估计在机器人手臂控制中的应用实验结果。近年来,图像识别及其应用自动化作为一种替代高级工作的方法,受到了各个领域的关注。为了使工厂中使用的机器人手臂能够完成高附加值和灵活的工作,需要通过物体检测和深度学习识别来控制它们。在本研究中,作者提出了一种利用YOLO估计局部图像深度的新方法,并将其用于机器人手臂的控制。在实验中,使用YOLO检测到的笔的两端作为CNN的输入。将检测到的部分保存为大约60 × 60像素的图像,并通过将裁剪后的图像提供给CNN来估计深度。一个桌面大小的4dof机器人可以通过参考深度成功地拾取笔。通过实验验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
Voltage Fluctuation Control of APF DC Side Based on Active Power Decoupling 基于有功功率解耦的有源滤波器直流侧电压波动控制
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856361
Shuangyang Zhang, Yunliang Wang, Yanjuan Wu, Shuang Liu, Chenxing Xu, Yixuan Zhang
In order to solve the problem of DC side voltage fluctuation when APF compensates nonlinear load, this paper proposes a DC side voltage fluctuation control strategy. In this method, a bidirectional buck-Boost active power decoupling circuit is extended in the DC side of the APF to transfer the DC side fluctuation power of the APF to the active power decoupling circuit, so as to control the DC side voltage fluctuation. The electrolytic capacitor with a large capacitance is replaced by a film capacitor with a small capacitance. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can improve the compensation capability of APF and has a certain prospect of engineering application.
为了解决有源滤波器补偿非线性负载时直流侧电压波动问题,提出了一种直流侧电压波动控制策略。该方法在APF的直流侧扩展双向降压-升压有源功率去耦电路,将APF的直流侧波动功率传递到有源功率去耦电路中,从而控制直流侧电压波动。用电容小的薄膜电容器代替电容大的电解电容器。仿真结果表明,所提出的控制策略能够提高有源滤波器的补偿能力,具有一定的工程应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Bifurcation Suppression of Peak Current Boost PFC Converter 峰值电流升压PFC变换器的分岔抑制
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9855985
Yulong Wang, Zhiqiang Gao, Xuesong Zhou, Shuo Wang
In order to analyze the nonlinear bifurcation phenomenon of Boost power factor correction (PFC-Power Factor Correction) converter with DC charging pile front stage peak current control under fast time scale, the control method is added to effectively suppress the bifurcation phenomenon. Firstly, the flicker mapping model of the converter is established, and the intermittent bifurcation and chaos phenomena of the inductance current of the system are reproduced through the numerical simulation results of the model. The control method is added to suppress the bifurcation phenomenon, so that the system is always stable in the single-period state, and the control method of Self-tuning PI control resonance perturbation is adopted. The simulation results show that the system has high PF value and better robustness while effectively suppressing bifurcation and chaos, and the algorithm is easy to implement in engineering applications.
为了分析快速时间尺度下具有直流充电桩前级峰值电流控制的Boost功率因数校正(PFC-Power factor correction)变换器的非线性分岔现象,增加了有效抑制分岔现象的控制方法。首先,建立了变换器的闪变映射模型,并通过模型的数值模拟结果再现了系统电感电流的间歇性分岔和混沌现象。增加了抑制分岔现象的控制方法,使系统始终稳定在单周期状态,并采用自整定PI控制共振摄动的控制方法。仿真结果表明,该算法在有效抑制分岔和混沌的同时,具有较高的PF值和较好的鲁棒性,易于在工程应用中实现。
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引用次数: 0
Controlling Stagnation Point of Swirl Based on Jet Velocity 基于射流速度的涡流滞止点控制
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856074
Qin Zhang, Shuai Hu, Yanping Dang, Zhiming Ou
Controlling the stagnation point of the swirl is the key technology to realize the quantitative and directional movement of particles. This paper proposes a swirl stagnation point control method based on jet velocity. By constructing a microfluidic dynamic model, the influence of jet velocity on the swirl stagnation point is simulated and analyzed, and the quantitative mapping relationship between jet velocity and the stagnation point is established. Eventually, the feasibility of the proposed method is verified by simulation. Collectively, this method provides a technical means for proactive control of the swirl stagnation point.
控制涡流的驻点是实现颗粒定量定向运动的关键技术。提出了一种基于射流速度的涡流驻点控制方法。通过建立微流体动力学模型,模拟分析了射流速度对涡流驻点的影响,建立了射流速度与驻点的定量映射关系。最后,通过仿真验证了所提方法的可行性。总之,该方法为主动控制涡流驻点提供了技术手段。
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引用次数: 0
Object Detection-based Visual SLAM for Dynamic Scenes 基于目标检测的动态场景视觉SLAM
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856202
Xinhua Zhao, Lei Ye
Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a crucial part of intelligent mobile robots. Nevertheless, most classical visual SLAM methods currently operate in static environments. As a result, in dynamic scenes, localization is unreliable. This paper proposes a robust visual SLAM for dynamic scenes called DO-SLAM. DO-SLAM consists of five parallel running threads: tracking, object detection, local mapping, loop closure, and octree map. By fusion object detection with motion information check, the dynamic feature points of the image sequence are searched, and the potential dynamic points in the image are removed using an adaptive range image moving point removal technique based on the dynamic feature points. Meanwhile, a dense 3D octree map is generated, which can be used for navigation and obstacle avoidance of intelligent mobile robots. Experimental results in the TUM RGB-D dataset show that the absolute trajectory accuracy of DO-SLAM is improved by 92.6% in high dynamic sequences compared to ORB-SLAM2, while there is little difference in accuracy compared to DS-SLAM, but the real-time performance is significantly enhanced.
同时定位与制图(SLAM)是智能移动机器人的重要组成部分。然而,大多数经典的视觉SLAM方法目前都是在静态环境中运行的。因此,在动态场景中,定位是不可靠的。本文提出了一种鲁棒的动态场景视觉SLAM (DO-SLAM)算法。DO-SLAM由五个并行运行的线程组成:跟踪、对象检测、局部映射、循环闭包和八叉树映射。通过融合目标检测和运动信息检查,搜索图像序列的动态特征点,利用基于动态特征点的自适应范围图像移动点去除技术去除图像中潜在的动态点。同时生成密集的三维八叉树地图,可用于智能移动机器人的导航和避障。在TUM RGB-D数据集上的实验结果表明,在高动态序列中,DO-SLAM的绝对弹道精度比ORB-SLAM2提高了92.6%,与DS-SLAM的精度相差不大,但实时性显著提高。
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引用次数: 2
Pose Estimation Algorithm Derived From 3D Optical Flow 基于三维光流的姿态估计算法
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856218
Xuesheng Li, Junkai Niu, Xinhao Zhang, Chen Li
calculation method of 3D optical flow is proposed in this paper, which uses the aligned depth image and grayscale image to calculate the speed of pixel movement in 3D space. According to the obtained 3D optical flow, a direct normal pose estimation algorithm combining depth image information is proposed. The algorithm uses the gray value and the compensated depth value as the observation quantity to construct the least-squares problem, and solves the pose by means of graph optimization. The algorithm considers regions with large depth gradients and adds the compensated depth to the cost function. And according to the performance of 3D optical flow in the experiment, it is believed that the weight of the gray value should be higher than that of the depth value in the optimization problem. Compared with the direct method pose estimation algorithm, the algorithm proposed in this paper makes full use of the depth information. Experiments on the TUM dataset show that the improved pose estimation algorithm is more accurate than the original algorithm in scenes with better depth image quality, and the accuracy improvement is relatively more obvious in low-texture scenes.
本文提出了一种三维光流计算方法,利用对齐后的深度图像和灰度图像来计算像素在三维空间中的运动速度。根据获得的三维光流,提出了一种结合深度图像信息的直接法向姿态估计算法。该算法以灰度值和补偿深度值作为观测量构造最小二乘问题,并采用图优化方法求解姿态。该算法考虑深度梯度较大的区域,并将补偿深度加入到代价函数中。并且根据实验中三维光流的性能,认为在优化问题中灰度值的权重应该大于深度值的权重。与直接法姿态估计算法相比,本文算法充分利用了深度信息。在TUM数据集上的实验表明,改进的姿态估计算法在深度图像质量较好的场景下比原算法精度更高,在低纹理场景下精度提高相对更明显。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Control Strategy of Vascular Interventional Surgery Robot based on Adaptive Smith Predictor 基于自适应Smith预测器的血管介入手术机器人控制策略研究
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856024
Xiuqiang Shao, Jian Guo, Shuxiang Guo, Yu Song
When doctors perform cardiovascular and cerebrovascular interventional operations, X-ray radiation will greatly increase the probability of doctors suffering from cancer. Surgery through robots can protect doctors’ bodies and reduce the workload of doctors. Most of the research focus on interventional surgical robots is on traditional control algorithms. Few studies have paid attention to the delay problem of the system. Most of the vascular interventional surgery robots adopt the master-slave type, and the slave end needs to restore the action of the master end. The master-slave system cannot avoid the master-slave tracking error caused by the delay. In this paper, an adaptive Smith prediction algorithm is proposed to solve the master-slave delay and improve the tracking accuracy. This paper proves by experiments that this algorithm has a good control effect, can effectively solve the lag problem of the robot, improve the tracking performance, and ensure real-time and accuracy.
当医生进行心脑血管介入手术时,x射线辐射会大大增加医生患癌症的概率。通过机器人进行手术可以保护医生的身体,减少医生的工作量。介入手术机器人的研究大多集中在传统的控制算法上。很少有研究关注系统的延迟问题。血管介入手术机器人大多采用主从式,从端需要恢复主端的动作。主从系统无法避免由延迟引起的主从跟踪错误。本文提出了一种自适应Smith预测算法,解决了主从时延问题,提高了跟踪精度。本文通过实验证明,该算法具有良好的控制效果,能有效解决机器人的滞后问题,提高跟踪性能,保证实时性和准确性。
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引用次数: 1
Improved Active Disturbance Rejection Control with Active Damping Wind Power Grid-Connected Inverter 基于主动阻尼的风电并网逆变器自抗扰改进控制
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856031
Yuechao Li, Zhiqiang Gao, Xuesong Zhou, Shuaichao Guo
In order to improve the grid-connected stability of wind power grid-connected inverter, solve the harmonic and resonance problems encountered at the grid-connected interface of inverter when the load jumps. An improved linear active disturbance rejection control strategy combined with active damping (ILADRC-AD) is designed. Firstly, the mathematical model of inductance-capacitance-inductance (LCL) inverter is established, and the principle of traditional third order active disturbance rejection controller is analyzed. Based on the idea of lead correction, an improved LADRC is designed by series lead correction links on the total disturbance channel of the linear extended state observer (LESO). Capacitive current feedback active damping is introduced in combination with improved LADRC to generate an ILADRC-AD control strategy. The stability and robustness of the system are effectively improved. Finally, the frequency characteristics of the ILADRC-AD inverter system are analyzed by frequency domain analysis method, and the MATLAB simulation comparison of improved control and traditional PI and LADRC the grid current waveform. The results show that the improved control not only has more stable grid-connected current, but also has fast dynamic response and strong harmonic suppression when the load fluctuates.
为了提高风电并网逆变器的并网稳定性,解决负载跳变时逆变器并网接口处的谐波和谐振问题。设计了一种结合主动阻尼的改进线性自抗扰控制策略(ILADRC-AD)。首先,建立了电感-电容-电感(LCL)逆变器的数学模型,分析了传统三阶自抗扰控制器的工作原理。基于引线修正的思想,在线性扩展状态观测器(LESO)的全扰动通道上采用串联引线修正链路设计了一种改进型LADRC。将电容式电流反馈主动阻尼与改进的LADRC相结合,形成一种ILADRC-AD控制策略。有效地提高了系统的稳定性和鲁棒性。最后,采用频域分析方法对ILADRC-AD逆变器系统的频率特性进行了分析,并通过MATLAB仿真比较了改进后的PI控制与传统的LADRC电网电流波形。结果表明,改进后的控制不仅具有更稳定的并网电流,而且在负荷波动时具有快速的动态响应和较强的谐波抑制能力。
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引用次数: 0
Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Quadrotor UAV based on Whale Optimization Algorithm 基于Whale优化算法的四旋翼无人机自抗扰控制
Pub Date : 2022-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ICMA54519.2022.9856309
Xinpeng Liu, Qiang Gao, Yuehui Ji, Yu Song, Junjie Liu
This paper aims at the problems of nonlinearity, underactuated, strong coupling, and difficult controller parameter tuning in the control process of quadrotor UAV, PID controller and ADRC are designed to control the quadrotor UAV, and the controller parameters are optimized by the Whale Optimization Algorithm. Firstly, the ADRC is designed to control the attitude loop of the quadrotor UAV. The Extended State Observer (ESO) is designed for yaw, pitch, and roll channels to observe and compensate the internal uncertainties and external disturbances in real-time, and to realize decoupling control. Secondly, in the position control system, the PID controller is used to realize the stable tracking of position variables. Finally, the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is designed to optimize the Active Disturbance Rejection Controller and PID controller for the quadrotor UAV, which has many controller parameters and is difficult to get the optimal control effect. In this method, the parameters of the controller are taken as the objective of WOA optimization to achieve the optimal control effect. The simulation results show that the WOA optimized controller has a smaller overshoot and faster adjustment time compared with human tuning parameters.
针对四旋翼无人机控制过程中存在的非线性、欠驱动、强耦合、控制器参数难整定等问题,设计了PID控制器和自抗扰控制器对四旋翼无人机进行控制,并采用Whale优化算法对控制器参数进行优化。首先,设计了四旋翼无人机姿态环的自抗扰控制器。针对偏航、俯仰和滚转通道设计了扩展状态观测器(ESO),实时观察和补偿内部不确定性和外部干扰,实现解耦控制。其次,在位置控制系统中,采用PID控制器实现位置变量的稳定跟踪。最后,针对四旋翼无人机控制器参数多、难以获得最优控制效果的问题,设计了Whale优化算法(WOA)对自抗扰控制器和PID控制器进行优化。该方法以控制器参数为WOA优化目标,实现最优控制效果。仿真结果表明,与人工整定参数相比,WOA优化控制器具有更小的超调量和更快的调整时间。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2022 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA)
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