Purpose. The purpose of the work is to identify the ways to increase the efficiency of engineering research, based on the significant amount of exploration work required in the creation of modern man-made objects, taking into account the shortcomings of existing instruments and equipment used to measure soil stress, and in relation to the need to improve the design of thermopressiometers, which are aimed to facilitate the study of frozen soils. Methodology. The ways to improve the blade thermopressiometer for the study of frozen soils with different aggregates were selected by the comparative-analytical method and the method of analogy. Thawing depth, absolute soil sediment, deformation modulus etc. were determined by thermal-technical calculations. Findings. The application issues of concern of the existing thermopressiometers (limited research of soils of a certain type, complexity and insufficient accuracy of readings) identified can be overcome by the proposed improved design of a blade thermopressiometer for testing frozen sandy-clay soils. It is based on the improved heating circuit, the applicationd of quality materials and changing the form of the blades and body. The device is intented for use on permafrost and natural frozen soils of the world, including Ukraine. Originality. For the first time we offered a model of an advanced thermopressiometer with an improved body shape made of high-quality corrosion-resistant materials, including non-metallic ones. It has the reduced number of blades to one retractable sector blade-stamp (square or round) and one heating blade-stamp. A special probe design with mechanical/hydraulical sensor drive with a thermocouple (or with two fork probes to improve the measurements) was proposed. It was also recommended to introduce an electric conductive system designed for thawed soils, with a rod for measuring the retractable blade-stamp. The possibility of using a thermopressiometer during the study of seasonally frozen soils is established. Practical value. Improving the device model should facilitate its application in engineering and geological research for various types of construction, including transport, hydraulic engineering, which use the methods of deep freezing of weak and unstable soils.
{"title":"Ways to Increase the Efficiency of Thermopressiometry","authors":"V. Ulyanov","doi":"10.15802/stp2021/237279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/237279","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of the work is to identify the ways to increase the efficiency of engineering research, based on the significant amount of exploration work required in the creation of modern man-made objects, taking into account the shortcomings of existing instruments and equipment used to measure soil stress, and in relation to the need to improve the design of thermopressiometers, which are aimed to facilitate the study of frozen soils. Methodology. The ways to improve the blade thermopressiometer for the study of frozen soils with different aggregates were selected by the comparative-analytical method and the method of analogy. Thawing depth, absolute soil sediment, deformation modulus etc. were determined by thermal-technical calculations. Findings. The application issues of concern of the existing thermopressiometers (limited research of soils of a certain type, complexity and insufficient accuracy of readings) identified can be overcome by the proposed improved design of a blade thermopressiometer for testing frozen sandy-clay soils. It is based on the improved heating circuit, the applicationd of quality materials and changing the form of the blades and body. The device is intented for use on permafrost and natural frozen soils of the world, including Ukraine. Originality. For the first time we offered a model of an advanced thermopressiometer with an improved body shape made of high-quality corrosion-resistant materials, including non-metallic ones. It has the reduced number of blades to one retractable sector blade-stamp (square or round) and one heating blade-stamp. A special probe design with mechanical/hydraulical sensor drive with a thermocouple (or with two fork probes to improve the measurements) was proposed. It was also recommended to introduce an electric conductive system designed for thawed soils, with a rod for measuring the retractable blade-stamp. The possibility of using a thermopressiometer during the study of seasonally frozen soils is established. Practical value. Improving the device model should facilitate its application in engineering and geological research for various types of construction, including transport, hydraulic engineering, which use the methods of deep freezing of weak and unstable soils.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127392828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. Ukraine is currently in the process of reforming the railway transportations market, which is related to the implementation of European Union Directives to its legislation. As a result of these reforms, the opening of the railway transportation market for carriers independent of Ukrzaliznytsia is envisaged. In such conditions, the problem of ensuring access of rolling stock to the receiving and departure tracks and the elimination of conflict situations with train and shunting movements of rolling stock of Ukrzaliznytsia can be solved by passing trains of independent carriers according to a tight schedule. One of the use areas of private locomotives is servicing of points of mass loading or unloading of goods. One of the tasks that arises in this case is to improve the methods of assigning private locomotives to the threads of the train schedule. Methodology. The research is performed based on the methods of organization of operational work of railways and methods of linear programming. Findings. The paper considers the problem of improving the methods of calculating the size of the working fleet of locomotives. Based on the analysis of possible conditions of interaction between Ukrzaliznytsia JSC and private carriers, it is determined that one of the possible options for using private transport companies at the stage of implementation of their services will be the service of points of mass loading or unloading of goods. In the course of the research a method of determining the number of locomotives by reducing this problem to an optimization problem of purpose was developed. An example of solving the problem of determining the required working fleet of locomotives to service the transportation of grain cargo sent to the port by shipping routes and developing schedules of their turnover is given. The number of locomotives needed to service transportations was set and the procedure for their connection to trains developed. Originality. The research improves the methods of assignment locomotives to the threads of the train schedule based on the use of linear programming methods. Practical value. The results of the work allow us to assess the needs of the working fleet of locomotives in the open market of railway transportations for independent carriers.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR ASSIGNING PRIVATE LOCOMOTIVES TO TRAINS","authors":"N. M. Sannytskyi, Y. Hermaniuk, T. Sharhun","doi":"10.15802/stp2020/224260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2020/224260","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Ukraine is currently in the process of reforming the railway transportations market, which is related to the implementation of European Union Directives to its legislation. As a result of these reforms, the opening of the railway transportation market for carriers independent of Ukrzaliznytsia is envisaged. In such conditions, the problem of ensuring access of rolling stock to the receiving and departure tracks and the elimination of conflict situations with train and shunting movements of rolling stock of Ukrzaliznytsia can be solved by passing trains of independent carriers according to a tight schedule. One of the use areas of private locomotives is servicing of points of mass loading or unloading of goods. One of the tasks that arises in this case is to improve the methods of assigning private locomotives to the threads of the train schedule. Methodology. The research is performed based on the methods of organization of operational work of railways and methods of linear programming. Findings. The paper considers the problem of improving the methods of calculating the size of the working fleet of locomotives. Based on the analysis of possible conditions of interaction between Ukrzaliznytsia JSC and private carriers, it is determined that one of the possible options for using private transport companies at the stage of implementation of their services will be the service of points of mass loading or unloading of goods. In the course of the research a method of determining the number of locomotives by reducing this problem to an optimization problem of purpose was developed. An example of solving the problem of determining the required working fleet of locomotives to service the transportation of grain cargo sent to the port by shipping routes and developing schedules of their turnover is given. The number of locomotives needed to service transportations was set and the procedure for their connection to trains developed. Originality. The research improves the methods of assignment locomotives to the threads of the train schedule based on the use of linear programming methods. Practical value. The results of the work allow us to assess the needs of the working fleet of locomotives in the open market of railway transportations for independent carriers.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"51 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113973147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. The article proposes a method for determining the rational parameters of supporting structures made of soil-cement piles on landslide-prone slopes. Methodology. To achieve this purpose, the authors performed comparative calculations of finite-element models of landslide-prone layered slope with the arrangement of supporting structures of soil-cement piles: vertical, located at an angle to the vertical axis, combined with a concrete grillage, without grillage, with different diameters, with different distances between piles, but of the same length, which is justified by the location determined by preliminary calculations of the sliding surface. Findings. According to the results of calculating the contact problem of the interaction of the soil mass and the supporting structure, the regularities of formation of strength and stability of the reinforced landslide-prone slope were obtained, which makes it possible to predict its geomechanical stability depending on the possible location of the sliding surface curve. The method of increasing the stability coefficient of the soil slope depending on the variation of the parameters of the soil-cement supporting pile structure is substantiated. Numerical calculations substantiate the parameters of soil-cement pile supporting structures – the length of the piles, their diameter, the distance between the piles, the angle of their inclination and the feasibility of combining the piles with a concrete grillage. Originality. For the first time, the formation regularities of strength and stability of soil-cement supporting structure for strengthening the landslide-prone slopes are obtained, which makes it possible to predict their geomechanical stability depending on the possible location of the sliding surface curve. For the first time, the dependences of changes in absolute displacements, relative deformations, coefficients of strength, stability, as well as Mises stresses in the elements of supporting structures of soil-cement piles on the angle of their inclination, distance between piles and the presence of a concrete grillage that joins them. Methods for assessing and predicting the landslide danger of soil slopes were further developed, which allowed to substantiate the method of increasing the strength coefficient depending on the variation of the parameters of the soil-cement supporting structure. For the first time, the parameters of the method of increasing the stability of landslide-prone slopes with pile supporting structures based on the complex mathematical and centrifugal modeling using real landslides and similarity criteria are substantiated. Practical value. The authors have developed and patented a method of strengthening landslide slopes with the help of soil-cement piles, combined with a concrete grillage, located perpendicular to the movement vector of the landslide body.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF RATIONAL PARAMETERS OF SUPPORTING STRUCTURES MADE OF SOIL-CEMENT PILES ON LANDSLIDE-PRONE SLOPES","authors":"О. L. Tiutkin, D. Y. Ihnatenko","doi":"10.15802/STP2020/225281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/STP2020/225281","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article proposes a method for determining the rational parameters of supporting structures made of soil-cement piles on landslide-prone slopes. Methodology. To achieve this purpose, the authors performed comparative calculations of finite-element models of landslide-prone layered slope with the arrangement of supporting structures of soil-cement piles: vertical, located at an angle to the vertical axis, combined with a concrete grillage, without grillage, with different diameters, with different distances between piles, but of the same length, which is justified by the location determined by preliminary calculations of the sliding surface. Findings. According to the results of calculating the contact problem of the interaction of the soil mass and the supporting structure, the regularities of formation of strength and stability of the reinforced landslide-prone slope were obtained, which makes it possible to predict its geomechanical stability depending on the possible location of the sliding surface curve. The method of increasing the stability coefficient of the soil slope depending on the variation of the parameters of the soil-cement supporting pile structure is substantiated. Numerical calculations substantiate the parameters of soil-cement pile supporting structures – the length of the piles, their diameter, the distance between the piles, the angle of their inclination and the feasibility of combining the piles with a concrete grillage. Originality. For the first time, the formation regularities of strength and stability of soil-cement supporting structure for strengthening the landslide-prone slopes are obtained, which makes it possible to predict their geomechanical stability depending on the possible location of the sliding surface curve. For the first time, the dependences of changes in absolute displacements, relative deformations, coefficients of strength, stability, as well as Mises stresses in the elements of supporting structures of soil-cement piles on the angle of their inclination, distance between piles and the presence of a concrete grillage that joins them. Methods for assessing and predicting the landslide danger of soil slopes were further developed, which allowed to substantiate the method of increasing the strength coefficient depending on the variation of the parameters of the soil-cement supporting structure. For the first time, the parameters of the method of increasing the stability of landslide-prone slopes with pile supporting structures based on the complex mathematical and centrifugal modeling using real landslides and similarity criteria are substantiated. Practical value. The authors have developed and patented a method of strengthening landslide slopes with the help of soil-cement piles, combined with a concrete grillage, located perpendicular to the movement vector of the landslide body.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124668224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. The most ambitious economic and geopolitical project at present is the New Silk Road initiative, which can radically modify transport and cash flows in Eurasia and around the world. It includes the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road projects and involves the creation of an extensive infrastructure network on the way from the western borders of China through the countries of Central Asia and Iran to Europe. Therefore, the purpose of this work is a detailed comprehensive study and analysis of the development of the Belarusian-Chinese cooperation on the Silk Road Economic Belt project, as well as determination of its further prospects. Methodology In the course of the study, we used statistical, territorial-sectoral and retrospective analysis with elements of economic and mathematical modeling of the functioning of economic systems. Findings. The Republic of Belarus has become the most important link in the creation of the Silk Road Economic Belt. It has a unique geographical advantage, extremely convenient economic and cultural conditions, being a key country in Eastern Europe, located at the junction of the European Union, and the Eurasian Economic Union. The country attracts with a developed transport infrastructure, a high level of education and professional resources. The New Silk Road project is focused primarily on railway communication. The main potential for the Republic of Belarus in transit traffic is associated with the use of containers. It is containerized cargo transportation that is actually the only way to transport goods in Eurasian transit. Originality. At this stage of project development, the construction of a full-scale functional, effective model that would allow predicting the results of the implementation of a specific subproject with the required accuracy is currently impossible. However, at the present stage, the originality is the so-called «problem statement» based on the obtained analytical data. They allow identifying existing problems during project implementation, formulating possible solutions and using them during economic analysis of the efficiency of other international projects of the analytical type (solving analytical economic problems). Practical value. The article discusses the prospects and difficulties of the development of transportations by express container trains of goods and cargo from the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Republic of Belarus. To overcome the imbalance in foreign trade with China, measures were proposed to solve this problem; attention was paid to the project for the construction of Eurasia high-speed highway (HSR), which should connect China with Western Europe through Russia and Belarus.
{"title":"RESULTS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BELARUSIAN-CHINESE COOPERATION THE SILK ROAD ECONOMIC BELT","authors":"О. A. Khodoskina, A. A. Igraieva, V. Y. Naumova","doi":"10.15802/stp2020/225258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2020/225258","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The most ambitious economic and geopolitical project at present is the New Silk Road initiative, which can radically modify transport and cash flows in Eurasia and around the world. It includes the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road projects and involves the creation of an extensive infrastructure network on the way from the western borders of China through the countries of Central Asia and Iran to Europe. Therefore, the purpose of this work is a detailed comprehensive study and analysis of the development of the Belarusian-Chinese cooperation on the Silk Road Economic Belt project, as well as determination of its further prospects. Methodology In the course of the study, we used statistical, territorial-sectoral and retrospective analysis with elements of economic and mathematical modeling of the functioning of economic systems. Findings. The Republic of Belarus has become the most important link in the creation of the Silk Road Economic Belt. It has a unique geographical advantage, extremely convenient economic and cultural conditions, being a key country in Eastern Europe, located at the junction of the European Union, and the Eurasian Economic Union. The country attracts with a developed transport infrastructure, a high level of education and professional resources. The New Silk Road project is focused primarily on railway communication. The main potential for the Republic of Belarus in transit traffic is associated with the use of containers. It is containerized cargo transportation that is actually the only way to transport goods in Eurasian transit. Originality. At this stage of project development, the construction of a full-scale functional, effective model that would allow predicting the results of the implementation of a specific subproject with the required accuracy is currently impossible. However, at the present stage, the originality is the so-called «problem statement» based on the obtained analytical data. They allow identifying existing problems during project implementation, formulating possible solutions and using them during economic analysis of the efficiency of other international projects of the analytical type (solving analytical economic problems). Practical value. The article discusses the prospects and difficulties of the development of transportations by express container trains of goods and cargo from the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Republic of Belarus. To overcome the imbalance in foreign trade with China, measures were proposed to solve this problem; attention was paid to the project for the construction of Eurasia high-speed highway (HSR), which should connect China with Western Europe through Russia and Belarus.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129613956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. The research is aimed at obtaining new knowledge about the environmental influence on the supporting structures of the traction rolling stock of railways according to the corrosive wear parameter, the nature of the dynamics of this influence, as well as the evaluation of technical condition of the domestic traction rolling stock of industrial railways. Methodology. To obtain the relevant data, the author conducted aggregation and analysis of the results of ultrasonic thickness measurement of the main supporting structures of locomotives, obtained during eight years of the work to extend the service life of industrial transport locomotives. The supporting structures of series of locomotives presented in this study have a total range of service life of 25-48 years. They are located in different regions of Ukraine. Findings. The author found that among the surveyed fleet of diesel locomotives of industrial transport, the uniform corrosion level of supporting structures has a linear dependence on their service life with a rather low slope. Thus, according to the definitions of the normative documentation, which was relevant at the time of production of the rolling stock units that are the objects of this study, the material of the supporting structures (except for one particular case) belongs to the resistant group of metal corrosion resistance. Originality. Due to reasons such as the independence of industrial rolling stock from state-owned railway enterprises and the performance of maintenance work by various organizations, information on the general condition of the rolling stock of industrial transport is not readily available. The author for the first time collected statistical data on the state of industrial rolling stock and analyzed them. Practical value. The obtained results illustrate the development dynamics of equal corrosion of traction industrial transport structures, which, in turn, gives grounds for the subsequent improvement of the methodology of examining rolling stock units both during scheduled work and in order to extend the service life.
{"title":"WEAR DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURES OF SHUNTING LOCOMOTIVES OF INDUSTRIAL RAILWAY TRANSPORT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MATERIAL CORROSION","authors":"Y. Horobets","doi":"10.15802/stp2020/224336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2020/224336","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The research is aimed at obtaining new knowledge about the environmental influence on the supporting structures of the traction rolling stock of railways according to the corrosive wear parameter, the nature of the dynamics of this influence, as well as the evaluation of technical condition of the domestic traction rolling stock of industrial railways. Methodology. To obtain the relevant data, the author conducted aggregation and analysis of the results of ultrasonic thickness measurement of the main supporting structures of locomotives, obtained during eight years of the work to extend the service life of industrial transport locomotives. The supporting structures of series of locomotives presented in this study have a total range of service life of 25-48 years. They are located in different regions of Ukraine. Findings. The author found that among the surveyed fleet of diesel locomotives of industrial transport, the uniform corrosion level of supporting structures has a linear dependence on their service life with a rather low slope. Thus, according to the definitions of the normative documentation, which was relevant at the time of production of the rolling stock units that are the objects of this study, the material of the supporting structures (except for one particular case) belongs to the resistant group of metal corrosion resistance. Originality. Due to reasons such as the independence of industrial rolling stock from state-owned railway enterprises and the performance of maintenance work by various organizations, information on the general condition of the rolling stock of industrial transport is not readily available. The author for the first time collected statistical data on the state of industrial rolling stock and analyzed them. Practical value. The obtained results illustrate the development dynamics of equal corrosion of traction industrial transport structures, which, in turn, gives grounds for the subsequent improvement of the methodology of examining rolling stock units both during scheduled work and in order to extend the service life.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"47 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122784999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. Detecting toxic comments on YouTube video hosting under training videos by classifying unstructured text using a combination of machine learning methods. Methodology. To work with the specified type of data, machine learning methods were used for cleaning, normalizing, and presenting textual data in a form acceptable for processing on a computer. Directly to classify comments as “toxic”, we used a logistic regression classifier, a linear support vector classification method without and with a learning method – stochastic gradient descent, a random forest classifier and a gradient enhancement classifier. In order to assess the work of the classifiers, the methods of calculating the matrix of errors, accuracy, completeness and F-measure were used. For a more generalized assessment, a cross-validation method was used. Python programming language. Findings. Based on the assessment indicators, the most optimal methods were selected – support vector machine (Linear SVM), without and with the training method using stochastic gradient descent. The described technologies can be used to analyze the textual comments under any training videos to detect toxic reviews. Also, the approach can be useful for identifying unwanted or even aggressive information on social networks or services where reviews are provided. Originality. It consists in a combination of methods for preprocessing a specific type of text, taking into account such features as the possibility of having a timecode, emoji, links, and the like, as well as in the adaptation of classification methods of machine learning for the analysis of Russian-language comments. Practical value. It is about optimizing (simplification) the comment analysis process. The need for this processing is due to the growing volumes of text data, especially in the field of education through quarantine conditions and the transition to distance learning. The volume of educational Internet content already needs to automate the processing and analysis of feedback, over time this need will only grow.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR PROCESSING COMMENTS FROM THE YOUTUBE VIDEO HOSTING UNDER TRAINING VIDEOS","authors":"L. Koriashkina, H. V. Symonets","doi":"10.15802/stp2020/225264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2020/225264","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Detecting toxic comments on YouTube video hosting under training videos by classifying unstructured text using a combination of machine learning methods. Methodology. To work with the specified type of data, machine learning methods were used for cleaning, normalizing, and presenting textual data in a form acceptable for processing on a computer. Directly to classify comments as “toxic”, we used a logistic regression classifier, a linear support vector classification method without and with a learning method – stochastic gradient descent, a random forest classifier and a gradient enhancement classifier. In order to assess the work of the classifiers, the methods of calculating the matrix of errors, accuracy, completeness and F-measure were used. For a more generalized assessment, a cross-validation method was used. Python programming language. Findings. Based on the assessment indicators, the most optimal methods were selected – support vector machine (Linear SVM), without and with the training method using stochastic gradient descent. The described technologies can be used to analyze the textual comments under any training videos to detect toxic reviews. Also, the approach can be useful for identifying unwanted or even aggressive information on social networks or services where reviews are provided. Originality. It consists in a combination of methods for preprocessing a specific type of text, taking into account such features as the possibility of having a timecode, emoji, links, and the like, as well as in the adaptation of classification methods of machine learning for the analysis of Russian-language comments. Practical value. It is about optimizing (simplification) the comment analysis process. The need for this processing is due to the growing volumes of text data, especially in the field of education through quarantine conditions and the transition to distance learning. The volume of educational Internet content already needs to automate the processing and analysis of feedback, over time this need will only grow.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123615771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. The authors aimed to form an algorithm for choosing a rational facade system for a specific construction site, taking into account climatic, organizational-technological and operational properties, applicable to use by any participant in the construction process. Methodology. The criteria for choosing a rational facade system were determined. The state of choosing and applicability of modern facade systems for new construction and overhaul in Ukraine was analyzed. Based on certain factors influencing the choice of the most rational facade system of a multi-storey residential or public building the authors formed a convenient and objective algorithm for choosing a facade system, taking into account the main features of the construction object, as well as operating parameters. The algorithm was adapted to practical application. Findings. The influence of the parameters of choosing facade system on the process of arrangement, operation and repair of the modern facade system is established. The obtained algorithm for choosing a rational facade system by an estimation of values of influence factors in activity of the leading design organizations of Dnipro was successfully tested. By passing the appropriate algorithms at the joint meetings of the designer, customer and contractor, the most rational facade systems were found for specific construction projects with significant objectivity of choice. The adaptability of the algorithm by discarding minor factors leads to increased visibility of the process of choosing a facade system. Originality. The regularity of the influence of a number of organizational-technological and operational factors on the process of choosing a rational facade system is established. The efficiency of determining the appropriate system for specific construction conditions has been increased, taking into account the peculiarities of operation and purpose of the building. Practical value. The participant of construction by passing a simple algorithm has the opportunity to clearly assess the influence of organizational, technological and operational factors on the choice of a rational facade system. By evaluating the parameters of the corresponding factors, the most rational facade system for a particular object was determined. As a result, the cost of operation of the facade system is significantly reduced while optimizing the duration of repair periods and improving the working conditions of the components of the facade system.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHM FOR CHOOSING A RATIONAL FACADE SYSTEM OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS","authors":"A. Radkevych, T. Tkach, K. M. Netesa","doi":"10.15802/stp2020/225268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2020/225268","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The authors aimed to form an algorithm for choosing a rational facade system for a specific construction site, taking into account climatic, organizational-technological and operational properties, applicable to use by any participant in the construction process. Methodology. The criteria for choosing a rational facade system were determined. The state of choosing and applicability of modern facade systems for new construction and overhaul in Ukraine was analyzed. Based on certain factors influencing the choice of the most rational facade system of a multi-storey residential or public building the authors formed a convenient and objective algorithm for choosing a facade system, taking into account the main features of the construction object, as well as operating parameters. The algorithm was adapted to practical application. Findings. The influence of the parameters of choosing facade system on the process of arrangement, operation and repair of the modern facade system is established. The obtained algorithm for choosing a rational facade system by an estimation of values of influence factors in activity of the leading design organizations of Dnipro was successfully tested. By passing the appropriate algorithms at the joint meetings of the designer, customer and contractor, the most rational facade systems were found for specific construction projects with significant objectivity of choice. The adaptability of the algorithm by discarding minor factors leads to increased visibility of the process of choosing a facade system. Originality. The regularity of the influence of a number of organizational-technological and operational factors on the process of choosing a rational facade system is established. The efficiency of determining the appropriate system for specific construction conditions has been increased, taking into account the peculiarities of operation and purpose of the building. Practical value. The participant of construction by passing a simple algorithm has the opportunity to clearly assess the influence of organizational, technological and operational factors on the choice of a rational facade system. By evaluating the parameters of the corresponding factors, the most rational facade system for a particular object was determined. As a result, the cost of operation of the facade system is significantly reduced while optimizing the duration of repair periods and improving the working conditions of the components of the facade system.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115755556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. The work is aimed at determining the influence of the lateral displacement of a freight car bogie, taking into account the value of the movement speed on its main dynamic indicators and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track. Methodology. The quantitative assessment of dynamic indicators was obtained by the method of mathematical and computer modeling. The design scheme of the car takes into account the interaction peculiarities of cars as part of the train: the possibility of all modes of body vibration in space, the transmission of longitudinal force from neighboring cars in vertical and horizontal directions, taking into account the technical condition of individual parts of the car and their design features, as well as various operating conditions. Findings. During the research, a mathematical model of a coupling of five freight cars was applied to study the dynamic loading of a gondola car and a track. Main dynamic and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track in case of transverse bogie displacement when moving along curved track sections assessment were assessed. The maximum possible values of the lateral displacement of the freight car bogie were substantiated. Originality. The mathematical model of the coupling of freight cars in the train has been improved. In the calculation schemes describing the vibrations of the cars, the peculiarities of the freight car bogies, lozenging of the bogie side frames are taken into account. The model makes it possible to study the effect of changing rotation angle of the central axis of the car body, which in turn leads to the lateral displacement of bogies relative to each other, on the main dynamic and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track. For the first time, the influence of transverse displacement of the bogie was investigated, taking into account the wear of its parts and assemblies when moving on track sections with unevenness. Practical value. The calculation results can be used to assess the influence of the bogie transverse displacement on the dynamic qualities of the rolling stock and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track, taking into account the wear of parts and units of the bogie when moving in straight and curved track sections with irregularities. The application of the results obtained will contribute to an increase in the stability of freight rolling stock in the conditions of increasing travel speeds, which in turn will allow developing technical conditions for the implementation of resource-saving technologies for transporting goods that meet the safety requirements of train traffic.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF LATERAL DISPLACEMENT OF BOGIES ON THE FREIGHT CAR DYNAMICS","authors":"A. Shvets","doi":"10.15802/stp2020/223519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2020/223519","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The work is aimed at determining the influence of the lateral displacement of a freight car bogie, taking into account the value of the movement speed on its main dynamic indicators and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track. Methodology. The quantitative assessment of dynamic indicators was obtained by the method of mathematical and computer modeling. The design scheme of the car takes into account the interaction peculiarities of cars as part of the train: the possibility of all modes of body vibration in space, the transmission of longitudinal force from neighboring cars in vertical and horizontal directions, taking into account the technical condition of individual parts of the car and their design features, as well as various operating conditions. Findings. During the research, a mathematical model of a coupling of five freight cars was applied to study the dynamic loading of a gondola car and a track. Main dynamic and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track in case of transverse bogie displacement when moving along curved track sections assessment were assessed. The maximum possible values of the lateral displacement of the freight car bogie were substantiated. Originality. The mathematical model of the coupling of freight cars in the train has been improved. In the calculation schemes describing the vibrations of the cars, the peculiarities of the freight car bogies, lozenging of the bogie side frames are taken into account. The model makes it possible to study the effect of changing rotation angle of the central axis of the car body, which in turn leads to the lateral displacement of bogies relative to each other, on the main dynamic and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track. For the first time, the influence of transverse displacement of the bogie was investigated, taking into account the wear of its parts and assemblies when moving on track sections with unevenness. Practical value. The calculation results can be used to assess the influence of the bogie transverse displacement on the dynamic qualities of the rolling stock and interaction indicators of the rolling stock and the track, taking into account the wear of parts and units of the bogie when moving in straight and curved track sections with irregularities. The application of the results obtained will contribute to an increase in the stability of freight rolling stock in the conditions of increasing travel speeds, which in turn will allow developing technical conditions for the implementation of resource-saving technologies for transporting goods that meet the safety requirements of train traffic.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124261826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. The research is aimed at developing a mathematical model for determining the risks in railway transport during the diagnostics of axle boxes of freight cars, which will provide an assessment of traffic safety in the case of freight transportations. Methodology. To develop a mathematical model for determining the risks in railway transport, a continuous static model of the dependence of the level of individual approach of service personnel on the level of common interests (crew, shift) was used. Three types of dependencies were considered: optimistic, neutral, pessimistic. Findings. A mathematical model has been developed that allows assessing the risks and the level of train traffic safety during the diagnosis of axle boxes of freight cars, as well as determining further measures to reduce risks. In the process of assessing the level of individual approaches and general interests of a particular railway subdivision during maintenance and repair of the axle box of freight cars the variants for the limit possibilities of this subdivision were considered. At the same time extreme values for equilibrium distribution, for a case of dominance of maintenance and for a case of dominance of repairs of freight car’s axle box were established. Originality. For the first time, a mathematical model of risks in railway transport was developed, which is formed during the maintenance and repair of freight cars. It allows determining the level of traffic safety during freight transportations and outlining further measures to reduce risks. The method of studying the efficiency of the system of maintenance and repair of the axle box has been further developed, which, in contrast to the existing one, establishes the dependence of the number of maintenance of axle boxes on the number of their repairs in operation and will increase traffic safety. Practical value. The application of the obtained mathematical models of risks in railway transport can reduce the risks during the diagnostics of axle boxes of freight cars in order to increase the local or general level of train traffic safety.
{"title":"Mathematical Model of Risks in Railway Transport During Diagnostics of Axle Boxes of Freight Cars","authors":"L. Muradian, I. Pitsenko, V. Shaposhnyk","doi":"10.15802/stp2021/230223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/230223","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The research is aimed at developing a mathematical model for determining the risks in railway transport during the diagnostics of axle boxes of freight cars, which will provide an assessment of traffic safety in the case of freight transportations. Methodology. To develop a mathematical model for determining the risks in railway transport, a continuous static model of the dependence of the level of individual approach of service personnel on the level of common interests (crew, shift) was used. Three types of dependencies were considered: optimistic, neutral, pessimistic. Findings. A mathematical model has been developed that allows assessing the risks and the level of train traffic safety during the diagnosis of axle boxes of freight cars, as well as determining further measures to reduce risks. In the process of assessing the level of individual approaches and general interests of a particular railway subdivision during maintenance and repair of the axle box of freight cars the variants for the limit possibilities of this subdivision were considered. At the same time extreme values for equilibrium distribution, for a case of dominance of maintenance and for a case of dominance of repairs of freight car’s axle box were established. Originality. For the first time, a mathematical model of risks in railway transport was developed, which is formed during the maintenance and repair of freight cars. It allows determining the level of traffic safety during freight transportations and outlining further measures to reduce risks. The method of studying the efficiency of the system of maintenance and repair of the axle box has been further developed, which, in contrast to the existing one, establishes the dependence of the number of maintenance of axle boxes on the number of their repairs in operation and will\u0000increase traffic safety. Practical value. The application of the obtained mathematical models of risks in railway transport can reduce the risks during the diagnostics of axle boxes of freight cars in order to increase the local or general level of train traffic safety.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128057563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. Often, the existing level of traffic capacity of road network facilities in large cities is insufficient. This is often due to the fact that urban growth is significantly ahead of the reconstruction and renovation of the corresponding infrastructure. As a result, traffic delays of various kinds occur on city roads, accompanied, first of all, by economic losses. Therefore, the search for reserves to reduce various types of losses associated with insufficient traffic capacity of the road network when organizing urban traffic is the purpose of this work. Methodology To determine the reserves for increasing the traffic capacity of the road network and reducing various kinds of delays, the method of deterministic analysis was used, the method for calculating the cycle according to F. Webster, based on the use of phase coefficients and time lost in the cycle (as the sum of transient intervals), the method for measuring the intensity of car traffic in the traffic flow, as well as the methodology for calculating economic losses arising from delays in the movement of vehicles. Findings. A study of delays and time expenditures and the corresponding economic losses that occur at typical objects of the city's street-road network (regulated intersections) has been carried out. The reserves of their reduction, and as a consequence, the increase in the capacity of both individual sections and the city's road network as a whole, have been determined. Originality. The use of this method on real objects of the road network allows developing the scientific interpretation of the methods used and expanding the scope of their application. Practical value. Assessment of emerging problems of traffic capacity and associated losses (including economic ones) makes it possible to determine the most promising ways to determine the traffic capacity reserves and, as a result, reduce economic losses.
{"title":"Determination of Reserves for Reducing Delays and Increasing the Capacity of the Street-Road Network in Gomel as a Factor of Reducing Losses in Traffic","authors":"D. P. Khodoskin","doi":"10.15802/stp2021/229169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/229169","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Often, the existing level of traffic capacity of road network facilities in large cities is insufficient. This is often due to the fact that urban growth is significantly ahead of the reconstruction and renovation of the corresponding infrastructure. As a result, traffic delays of various kinds occur on city roads, accompanied, first of all, by economic losses. Therefore, the search for reserves to reduce various types of losses associated with insufficient traffic capacity of the road network when organizing urban traffic is the purpose of this work. Methodology To determine the reserves for increasing the traffic capacity of the road network and reducing various kinds of delays, the method of deterministic analysis was used, the method for calculating the cycle according to F. Webster, based on the use of phase coefficients and time lost in the cycle (as the sum of transient intervals), the method for measuring the intensity of car traffic in the traffic flow, as well as the methodology for calculating economic losses arising from delays in the movement of vehicles. Findings. A study of delays and time expenditures and the corresponding economic losses that occur at typical objects of the city's street-road network (regulated intersections) has been carried out. The reserves of their reduction, and as a consequence, the increase in the capacity of both individual sections and the city's road network as a whole, have been determined. Originality. The use of this method on real objects of the road network allows developing the scientific interpretation of the methods used and expanding the scope of their application. Practical value. Assessment of emerging problems of traffic capacity and associated losses (including economic ones) makes it possible to determine the most promising ways to determine the traffic capacity reserves and, as a result, reduce economic losses.","PeriodicalId":120413,"journal":{"name":"Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130831932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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