Every day, women in low-income countries lose their lives to pregnancy and childbirth that involve potential complications; most fatalities were avoidable. In Nigeria, the unfortunate odds of a woman passing away during pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum are 1 in 22, which is significantly higher than the odds in most developed countries, where it's only 1 in 4900. During delivery, pregnant women need to use health facilities where skilled birth attendants can handle any potential obstetric and newborn complications that may arise. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of health education on the utilization of healthcare facilities by pregnant women during delivery in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study followed a quasi-experimental design and included pregnant women aged between 15 and 45 years from all senatorial districts. A sample of 60 pregnant women in their third trimester was examined; 30 each for health education and control group and a validated semi-structured questionnaire, with a Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency range of 0.76 to 0.81, was administered at baseline, immediate post-intervention after 4 weeks, and during the 8th-week follow-up period. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data with a significance level of 5%. The study showed that the average age of the participants was 21.53±6.07 years. The practice of the utilisation of health facilities during delivery among pregnant women’s mean score increased significantly between the baseline and follow-up from 1.13±1.62; p = 0.000. In conclusion, the health education intervention effectively improved the utilization of Health facilities during delivery among pregnant women. The study recommended that health education strategies should be utilized to promote positive change in the practice of health facilities utilisation among pregnant women
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF HEALTH EDUCATION ON THE UTILIZATION OF HEALTHCARE FACILITIES AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN DURING DELIVERY IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"C. Emeka, C. Agbede","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v4i1.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v4i1.479","url":null,"abstract":"Every day, women in low-income countries lose their lives to pregnancy and childbirth that involve potential complications; most fatalities were avoidable. In Nigeria, the unfortunate odds of a woman passing away during pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum are 1 in 22, which is significantly higher than the odds in most developed countries, where it's only 1 in 4900. During delivery, pregnant women need to use health facilities where skilled birth attendants can handle any potential obstetric and newborn complications that may arise. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of health education on the utilization of healthcare facilities by pregnant women during delivery in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study followed a quasi-experimental design and included pregnant women aged between 15 and 45 years from all senatorial districts. A sample of 60 pregnant women in their third trimester was examined; 30 each for health education and control group and a validated semi-structured questionnaire, with a Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency range of 0.76 to 0.81, was administered at baseline, immediate post-intervention after 4 weeks, and during the 8th-week follow-up period. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data with a significance level of 5%. The study showed that the average age of the participants was 21.53±6.07 years. The practice of the utilisation of health facilities during delivery among pregnant women’s mean score increased significantly between the baseline and follow-up from 1.13±1.62; p = 0.000. In conclusion, the health education intervention effectively improved the utilization of Health facilities during delivery among pregnant women. The study recommended that health education strategies should be utilized to promote positive change in the practice of health facilities utilisation among pregnant women","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126589757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity, a growing global concern, has significant health complications. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship the between practices/pattern of lifestyle of the rural population of Igueben and the development of obesity. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 360 participants, aged 29 to 60 years, collecting their biodata, sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle patterns including dietary habits, physical activity, alcohol intake and smoking. Their anthropometry as well as blood pressure and blood glucose were checked and recorded. The mean age of the study population was 45.12±08.23 years with a prevalence of hypertension and diabetes of 14.4% and 32.4% respectively. The majority of the respondents, who were farmers, had a primary level of education. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was high. Significantly associated with obesity were increasing age, female sex, and low levels of education. Other factors this study revealed to be closely associated with obesity include increasing hypertension, an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, poor sleep and alcohol consumption. Periodic health education will no doubt be beneficial and prevent the concomitant of obesity-related comorbidities.
{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OBESITY AND LIFESTYLE PRACTICES AMONG ADULTS IN A RURAL COMMUNITY IN EDO STATE NIGERIA","authors":"T. Oseni, S. Ahmed, P. Eromon, N. Fuh, O. Azeke","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v4i1.439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v4i1.439","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity, a growing global concern, has significant health complications. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship the between practices/pattern of lifestyle of the rural population of Igueben and the development of obesity. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 360 participants, aged 29 to 60 years, collecting their biodata, sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle patterns including dietary habits, physical activity, alcohol intake and smoking. Their anthropometry as well as blood pressure and blood glucose were checked and recorded. The mean age of the study population was 45.12±08.23 years with a prevalence of hypertension and diabetes of 14.4% and 32.4% respectively. The majority of the respondents, who were farmers, had a primary level of education. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was high. Significantly associated with obesity were increasing age, female sex, and low levels of education. Other factors this study revealed to be closely associated with obesity include increasing hypertension, an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, poor sleep and alcohol consumption. Periodic health education will no doubt be beneficial and prevent the concomitant of obesity-related comorbidities.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114633525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the preceding three decades, breast cancer occurrence and mortality rates have proliferated in Nigeria. Despite the considerable health, socioeconomic and developmental burdens breast cancer imposes on Nigeria, researchers have not extensively explored the use of genetic medicine in the management of this disease in Nigerian patients. This review’s objectives were to compare the diagnosis, treatment, and research of breast cancer in Nigeria and other countries. In addition, it also highlighted the setbacks and difficulties in breast cancer management in Nigeria. This journal employs a literature review. Detailed relevant articles were researched in two main electronic databases - Google Scholar and PubMed. The databases were analysed for keywords including: “breast cancer,” “breast cancer therapy,” “breast cancer diagnosis,” “breast cancer in Nigeria,” and “genetic medicine in breast cancer.” Only journals written in the English language between 1998 and 2022 were considered. 34 journals were identified, of which 22 were used for this review. Findings showed that genetics is not often considered for predicting and treating breast cancer. They also show that due to late presentation at the hospital, triple-negative breast cancer, usually at stage III or IV, is the most common breast cancer type in Nigeria. Genetic medicine should be integrated into the therapy and management of breast cancer in Nigeria. It will allow prediction of the disease, and timely diagnosis and ultimately possibly lead to a decline in breast cancer mortality and morbidity, just like in developed countries (high-income countries) such as The United States of America, Canada, and Sweden.
{"title":"THE IMPLICATION OF GENETIC MEDICINE IN BREAST CANCER THERAPY IN NIGERIA: CLINICAL PRACTICE AND RESEARCH","authors":"M. M. Alabi, O. Ilesanmi","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v4i1.442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v4i1.442","url":null,"abstract":"In the preceding three decades, breast cancer occurrence and mortality rates have proliferated in Nigeria. Despite the considerable health, socioeconomic and developmental burdens breast cancer imposes on Nigeria, researchers have not extensively explored the use of genetic medicine in the management of this disease in Nigerian patients. This review’s objectives were to compare the diagnosis, treatment, and research of breast cancer in Nigeria and other countries. In addition, it also highlighted the setbacks and difficulties in breast cancer management in Nigeria. This journal employs a literature review. Detailed relevant articles were researched in two main electronic databases - Google Scholar and PubMed. The databases were analysed for keywords including: “breast cancer,” “breast cancer therapy,” “breast cancer diagnosis,” “breast cancer in Nigeria,” and “genetic medicine in breast cancer.” Only journals written in the English language between 1998 and 2022 were considered. 34 journals were identified, of which 22 were used for this review. Findings showed that genetics is not often considered for predicting and treating breast cancer. They also show that due to late presentation at the hospital, triple-negative breast cancer, usually at stage III or IV, is the most common breast cancer type in Nigeria. Genetic medicine should be integrated into the therapy and management of breast cancer in Nigeria. It will allow prediction of the disease, and timely diagnosis and ultimately possibly lead to a decline in breast cancer mortality and morbidity, just like in developed countries (high-income countries) such as The United States of America, Canada, and Sweden.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121022731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Existing information on Palliative Care (PC) indicated an increase in development of services in some African countries with Nigeria in top three on specialized care. However, knowledge and skill deficit in PC among health professionals (HP) is a significant barrier to quality treatment of patients with chronic life-threatening diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of PC among HP in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved 260 consenting HP (Medical doctors, Nurses, Occupational therapists, Physiotherapists, and Social workers), purposively recruited from Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife. Attitude and knowledge were assessed using Frommelt attitude towards care of the dying (FATCOD) and the Palliative care attitude and knowledge quiz (PCAK) questionnaires respectively. Also, socio-demographic information of the respondents was obtained. Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentages; and inferential statistics of Chi-Square test and Pearson’s correlation were used to analyze data. Alpha level was set at p<0.05. Majority (80%) of the respondents had never received formal PC training and demonstrated poor PC knowledge. Only 13 (5%) had good knowledge of, while 257 (98%) had favourable attitude towards PC. There were significant associations between respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and each of knowledge of PC (p<0.05) and attitude towards PC (p= 0.001). Results of Pearson’s correlation indicated significant correlation between knowledge and attitude of the respondents on PC (r= 0.167, p=0.007). Most of the HP in this study had poor knowledge but favourable attitude towards PC. PC should be included in the undergraduate curriculum of concerned HP and continuous professional training be integrated for practicing professionals
{"title":"KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS ON PALLIATIVE CARE OF TERMINALLY-ILL PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY HEALTH INSTITUTION OF SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY","authors":"M. Odetunde, A. Owojuyigbe, O. Aaron, O. Odedeyi","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.423","url":null,"abstract":"Existing information on Palliative Care (PC) indicated an increase in development of services in some African countries with Nigeria in top three on specialized care. However, knowledge and skill deficit in PC among health professionals (HP) is a significant barrier to quality treatment of patients with chronic life-threatening diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of PC among HP in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved 260 consenting HP (Medical doctors, Nurses, Occupational therapists, Physiotherapists, and Social workers), purposively recruited from Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife. Attitude and knowledge were assessed using Frommelt attitude towards care of the dying (FATCOD) and the Palliative care attitude and knowledge quiz (PCAK) questionnaires respectively. Also, socio-demographic information of the respondents was obtained. Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentages; and inferential statistics of Chi-Square test and Pearson’s correlation were used to analyze data. Alpha level was set at p<0.05. Majority (80%) of the respondents had never received formal PC training and demonstrated poor PC knowledge. Only 13 (5%) had good knowledge of, while 257 (98%) had favourable attitude towards PC. There were significant associations between respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and each of knowledge of PC (p<0.05) and attitude towards PC (p= 0.001). Results of Pearson’s correlation indicated significant correlation between knowledge and attitude of the respondents on PC (r= 0.167, p=0.007). Most of the HP in this study had poor knowledge but favourable attitude towards PC. PC should be included in the undergraduate curriculum of concerned HP and continuous professional training be integrated for practicing professionals","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128308110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Aworanti, S. P. Ogundeji, A. Oladele, E. A. Okojie
There is a huge deficit in the proportion of voluntary non-remunerated blood donors (VNRD) in Nigeria as most of the donations are from paid donors. Young adults, most especially students from higher institutions, constitute the majority of blood donors worldwide. The aim of this study, therefore, is to determine the factors that are associated with blood donation between the students from the main campus and the college of medicine (COM) campus of a Nigerian University. This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted among VNRD at the main and COM campuses of a Nigerian University. Pre-donation questionnaires were used to obtain data from the students. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) IBM version 25. All tests were two-sided, and statistical significance was considered to be at a probability value of p<0.05. A total of 203 students showed up for VNRD on the two campuses on two separate days. About 59% were from the COM campus, and the mean age of the donors was 22.2 (2.4) years. There was no significant difference in the mean age, gender distribution, haemoglobin concentration, and eligibility to donate between the two groups of donors. Only two donors tested positive for HCV and HBV and both were from the COM. This study did not find any difference in the factors that influence the pattern of voluntary blood donation between two groups of university students who study medical-related courses and those that are not.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BLOOD DONATION PRACTICES AMONG STUDENTS AT NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY","authors":"O. Aworanti, S. P. Ogundeji, A. Oladele, E. A. Okojie","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.390","url":null,"abstract":"There is a huge deficit in the proportion of voluntary non-remunerated blood donors (VNRD) in Nigeria as most of the donations are from paid donors. Young adults, most especially students from higher institutions, constitute the majority of blood donors worldwide. The aim of this study, therefore, is to determine the factors that are associated with blood donation between the students from the main campus and the college of medicine (COM) campus of a Nigerian University. This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted among VNRD at the main and COM campuses of a Nigerian University. Pre-donation questionnaires were used to obtain data from the students. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) IBM version 25. All tests were two-sided, and statistical significance was considered to be at a probability value of p<0.05. A total of 203 students showed up for VNRD on the two campuses on two separate days. About 59% were from the COM campus, and the mean age of the donors was 22.2 (2.4) years. There was no significant difference in the mean age, gender distribution, haemoglobin concentration, and eligibility to donate between the two groups of donors. Only two donors tested positive for HCV and HBV and both were from the COM. This study did not find any difference in the factors that influence the pattern of voluntary blood donation between two groups of university students who study medical-related courses and those that are not.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132597557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. E. Edafe, O. Anya, I. Iseko, I. O. Awofisoye, E. O. Olalekan
The presence of ‘foreign bodies’ inside the heart chambers poses a risk of potentially life-threatening complications, and immediate removal is always advised regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms and the duration of retention. The percutaneous method of extraction is currently advocated, but the low availability and high cost of extraction devices in developing countries make the consideration of surgical intervention and conservative management practice alternatives with higher risks. There are existing reports of the use of locally made loop snares to extract ‘foreign bodies’ from the heart chambers, particularly in India, but no such reported case in Nigeria. This is a case of a 52-year-old Nigerian female with right breast cancer who was receiving her chemotherapeutic medications through a venous access port (chemoport). She suffered a catheter fracture with the migration of the dislodged portion to her right atrium. She presented for extraction, and due to the unavailability of commercial extraction devices, a loop snare was constructed from an angiographic guide-wire by folding the guide-wired into two and passing the looped end through a guide catheter. The loop was then used to extract the fractured catheter from the right atrium without complications. Percutaneous extraction of intra-cardiac foreign bodies is safer and should be attempted despite the unavailability of standard extraction devices. This is the first case to be reported of such a procedure done successfully in Nigeria, and secondly, it also buttresses the fact that percutaneous extraction of intra-cardiac foreign bodies with devised materials can equally be successful.
{"title":"FOREIGN BODY RETRIEVAL FROM THE RIGHT ATRIUM WITH A LOCALLY-MADE LOOP SNARE","authors":"A. E. Edafe, O. Anya, I. Iseko, I. O. Awofisoye, E. O. Olalekan","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.412","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of ‘foreign bodies’ inside the heart chambers poses a risk of potentially life-threatening complications, and immediate removal is always advised regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms and the duration of retention. The percutaneous method of extraction is currently advocated, but the low availability and high cost of extraction devices in developing countries make the consideration of surgical intervention and conservative management practice alternatives with higher risks. There are existing reports of the use of locally made loop snares to extract ‘foreign bodies’ from the heart chambers, particularly in India, but no such reported case in Nigeria. This is a case of a 52-year-old Nigerian female with right breast cancer who was receiving her chemotherapeutic medications through a venous access port (chemoport). She suffered a catheter fracture with the migration of the dislodged portion to her right atrium. She presented for extraction, and due to the unavailability of commercial extraction devices, a loop snare was constructed from an angiographic guide-wire by folding the guide-wired into two and passing the looped end through a guide catheter. The loop was then used to extract the fractured catheter from the right atrium without complications. Percutaneous extraction of intra-cardiac foreign bodies is safer and should be attempted despite the unavailability of standard extraction devices. This is the first case to be reported of such a procedure done successfully in Nigeria, and secondly, it also buttresses the fact that percutaneous extraction of intra-cardiac foreign bodies with devised materials can equally be successful.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132333109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. O. Olalekan, I. Iseko, A. E. Edafe, I. O. Awofisoye, O. Anya
Sinus node dysfunction (SND) is characterized by disease of the sinus node and/or contiguous atrial tissue resulting in the generation of heart rate that is not commensurate with the physiologic need of the body due to various causes. SND is an ailment commonly found in the advanced age group, with a mean age of 68 years, and is rarely found in the young. Making a diagnosis requires the presence of symptoms to coincide with the abnormal electrocardiographic (ECG) findings, and the symptoms of SND are non-specific. There is a limited report of this condition in the young, and available reports show that most cases of SND occur in the young and children with underlying heart defects and mostly in males. The report describes an unusual presentation of ‘sinus node disease’ in a young Caucasian female with no underlying cardiac abnormalities that presented with syncope and sinus bradycardia. A 36-year-old Caucasian female presented to our facility with complaints of recurrent episodes of a brief period of loss of consciousness associated with intermittent palpitations and no background cardiovascular disease. Rest 12-lead ECG showed bradycardia, while a 24-hour Holter ECG showed periods of bradycardia, ‘supraventricular tachycardia’, and tachycardia- bradycardia occurring with symptoms. A diagnosis of SND was made and a permanent pacemaker was offered, but she and her spouse opted to have the procedure done in her home country. ‘Sinus node disease’ through an ailment of the aged can be found in the young without underlying cardiac defects and can be suspected in people with unexplained syncope.
{"title":"SINUS NODE DISEASE IN A YOUNG FEMALE WITH CARDIOGENIC SYNCOPE","authors":"E. O. Olalekan, I. Iseko, A. E. Edafe, I. O. Awofisoye, O. Anya","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.411","url":null,"abstract":"Sinus node dysfunction (SND) is characterized by disease of the sinus node and/or contiguous atrial tissue resulting in the generation of heart rate that is not commensurate with the physiologic need of the body due to various causes. SND is an ailment commonly found in the advanced age group, with a mean age of 68 years, and is rarely found in the young. Making a diagnosis requires the presence of symptoms to coincide with the abnormal electrocardiographic (ECG) findings, and the symptoms of SND are non-specific. There is a limited report of this condition in the young, and available reports show that most cases of SND occur in the young and children with underlying heart defects and mostly in males. The report describes an unusual presentation of ‘sinus node disease’ in a young Caucasian female with no underlying cardiac abnormalities that presented with syncope and sinus bradycardia. A 36-year-old Caucasian female presented to our facility with complaints of recurrent episodes of a brief period of loss of consciousness associated with intermittent palpitations and no background cardiovascular disease. Rest 12-lead ECG showed bradycardia, while a 24-hour Holter ECG showed periods of bradycardia, ‘supraventricular tachycardia’, and tachycardia- bradycardia occurring with symptoms. A diagnosis of SND was made and a permanent pacemaker was offered, but she and her spouse opted to have the procedure done in her home country. ‘Sinus node disease’ through an ailment of the aged can be found in the young without underlying cardiac defects and can be suspected in people with unexplained syncope.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130017442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resistance to Thyroid Hormone (RTH) is a rare inherited condition usually caused by mutations of the thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB), thyroid hormone cell membrane transporters, or thyroid hormone metabolism which can present as asymptomatic, hypothyroidism, or hyperthyroidism. The objective is to report a probable case of RTH presenting with hypothyroidism and to demonstrate the resilience in the diagnosis of endocrine disorders in resource-poor settings. A 23-year old University undergraduate presented with clinical features of hypothyroidism but elevated thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): free T4=38 [normal range 10-24] pmol/L, free T3=11 [normal range 3-8] pmol/L, TSH=3.8 [normal range 0.5-5.0] mU/L; and normal brain MRI. A working diagnosis of RTH was made. Though there was no facility to test for THRB gene mutation, the positive family history of a similar pattern of thyroid function tests, made for a probable diagnosis of RTH, and she was empirically placed on a gradually increased dose of levothyroxine from 50 µg till resolution of symptoms was achieved and maintained 6 months later at 600 µg daily. At 10 months follow-up, the patient felt well with the resolution of symptoms and improved academic performance despite elevated thyroid hormones and unsuppressed TSH. The diagnosis of RTH requires a high index of suspicion, to enable early diagnosis, and prevent unnecessary invasive treatments. The treatment target should be the resolution of symptoms and signs and not normalization of thyroid hormone levels. This report also underscores the resilience that can be adopted in diagnosing and treating endocrine cases in resource-poor settings.
{"title":"DIAGNOSING A PROBABLE CASE OF THYROID HORMONE RESISTANCE IN A RESOURCE-POOR SETTING","authors":"Y. Lawal, F. Bello, S. Kaoje","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.400","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to Thyroid Hormone (RTH) is a rare inherited condition usually caused by mutations of the thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB), thyroid hormone cell membrane transporters, or thyroid hormone metabolism which can present as asymptomatic, hypothyroidism, or hyperthyroidism. The objective is to report a probable case of RTH presenting with hypothyroidism and to demonstrate the resilience in the diagnosis of endocrine disorders in resource-poor settings. A 23-year old University undergraduate presented with clinical features of hypothyroidism but elevated thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): free T4=38 [normal range 10-24] pmol/L, free T3=11 [normal range 3-8] pmol/L, TSH=3.8 [normal range 0.5-5.0] mU/L; and normal brain MRI. A working diagnosis of RTH was made. Though there was no facility to test for THRB gene mutation, the positive family history of a similar pattern of thyroid function tests, made for a probable diagnosis of RTH, and she was empirically placed on a gradually increased dose of levothyroxine from 50 µg till resolution of symptoms was achieved and maintained 6 months later at 600 µg daily. At 10 months follow-up, the patient felt well with the resolution of symptoms and improved academic performance despite elevated thyroid hormones and unsuppressed TSH. The diagnosis of RTH requires a high index of suspicion, to enable early diagnosis, and prevent unnecessary invasive treatments. The treatment target should be the resolution of symptoms and signs and not normalization of thyroid hormone levels. This report also underscores the resilience that can be adopted in diagnosing and treating endocrine cases in resource-poor settings.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127668750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ed Nwobodo, D. Ikwuka, N. F. Nwobodo, F. Ukwuije, U. G. Egwuatu, F. I. Ezeugwu, V. C. Ekechi, A. Ojiakor, G. U. Ugwu
The success of the Primary Health Care (PHCs) Centres in delivering health services at the community level is largely dependent on the effectiveness, efficiency, and management support being provided by the PHC Agencies. This study identified institutional capacity needs of selected PHC Agencies that will require urgent attention as a veritable means of the revitalisation of the PHC facilities and the capacity of these Agencies to operationalise the Basic Healthcare Provision Fund (BHCPF). A descriptive survey of the five State Primary Health Care Development Agencies (SPHCDA) in Southeast Nigeria. The respondents comprised all management staff of the SPHCDA in each of the five States. A standardized Organisational Capacity Assessment Tool (OCAT) was used for data collection. Approvals were obtained and preliminary consultations were done. OCAT was administered to managers at the Agencies and the findings were validated with the respondents. The findings showed that none of the Agencies attained a 50% organizational capacity score indicating poor organizational capacity. The main areas of common underperformance included: resource mobilisation, human resources for health, and service delivery. There is an overall weak organisational capacity of the key management body for PHC service provision in this part of the country. Human and institutional capacity development is crucial to the improvement of services and productivity of the PHC system. It is therefore important to periodically assess, identify issues and plan for capacity improvements in Agencies that manage crucial systems such as the SPHCA.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE CAPACITY OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE AGENCIES TO MANAGE THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE FACILITIES IN SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA","authors":"Ed Nwobodo, D. Ikwuka, N. F. Nwobodo, F. Ukwuije, U. G. Egwuatu, F. I. Ezeugwu, V. C. Ekechi, A. Ojiakor, G. U. Ugwu","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v3i2.371","url":null,"abstract":"The success of the Primary Health Care (PHCs) Centres in delivering health services at the community level is largely dependent on the effectiveness, efficiency, and management support being provided by the PHC Agencies. This study identified institutional capacity needs of selected PHC Agencies that will require urgent attention as a veritable means of the revitalisation of the PHC facilities and the capacity of these Agencies to operationalise the Basic Healthcare Provision Fund (BHCPF). A descriptive survey of the five State Primary Health Care Development Agencies (SPHCDA) in Southeast Nigeria. The respondents comprised all management staff of the SPHCDA in each of the five States. A standardized Organisational Capacity Assessment Tool (OCAT) was used for data collection. Approvals were obtained and preliminary consultations were done. OCAT was administered to managers at the Agencies and the findings were validated with the respondents. The findings showed that none of the Agencies attained a 50% organizational capacity score indicating poor organizational capacity. The main areas of common underperformance included: resource mobilisation, human resources for health, and service delivery. There is an overall weak organisational capacity of the key management body for PHC service provision in this part of the country. Human and institutional capacity development is crucial to the improvement of services and productivity of the PHC system. It is therefore important to periodically assess, identify issues and plan for capacity improvements in Agencies that manage crucial systems such as the SPHCA.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124003575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The elderly are more prone to the risk of COVID19-associated morbidity and mortality than other age groups and have been prioritized for COVID19 vaccination. Therefore, this study assessed knowledge and uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among the elderly in Ogun State Nigeria. This study employed a cross-sectional design. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select one hundred and seventy-five participants. A validated structured questionnaire was used in data collection. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; all statistical tests were performed at a level of significance p ≤ 0.05. The participant's mean age was 67.4 ± 2.3 and less than half (40.6%) had no formal education. The participants' mean score for knowledge was 10.6 ± 5.8, while 64.0% had poor knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine. Only 2.3% reported they had been vaccinated against COVID 19, while greater than half (67.4%) were willing to receive the vaccine against COVID 19. There was a significant difference in the average knowledge score in the age group (F = 7.6; p = 0.001). Also, no significant relationship was found between participants' knowledge and COVID-19 vaccine uptake (X2= 2.3; p = 0.3).In conclusion, participants had insufficient knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine and poor uptake of the COVID 19 vaccine. A larger number of participants were willing to receive the COVID19 vaccine. It is recommended to implement an educational intervention to increase their knowledge and improve uptake of the COVID 19 vaccine.
{"title":"KNOWLEDGE AND COVID 19 VACCINE UPTAKE AMONG ELDERLY IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"C. Agbede, G. Adenitire","doi":"10.52417/ojmr.v3i1.378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52417/ojmr.v3i1.378","url":null,"abstract":"The elderly are more prone to the risk of COVID19-associated morbidity and mortality than other age groups and have been prioritized for COVID19 vaccination. Therefore, this study assessed knowledge and uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among the elderly in Ogun State Nigeria. This study employed a cross-sectional design. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select one hundred and seventy-five participants. A validated structured questionnaire was used in data collection. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; all statistical tests were performed at a level of significance p ≤ 0.05. The participant's mean age was 67.4 ± 2.3 and less than half (40.6%) had no formal education. The participants' mean score for knowledge was 10.6 ± 5.8, while 64.0% had poor knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine. Only 2.3% reported they had been vaccinated against COVID 19, while greater than half (67.4%) were willing to receive the vaccine against COVID 19. There was a significant difference in the average knowledge score in the age group (F = 7.6; p = 0.001). Also, no significant relationship was found between participants' knowledge and COVID-19 vaccine uptake (X2= 2.3; p = 0.3).In conclusion, participants had insufficient knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine and poor uptake of the COVID 19 vaccine. A larger number of participants were willing to receive the COVID19 vaccine. It is recommended to implement an educational intervention to increase their knowledge and improve uptake of the COVID 19 vaccine.","PeriodicalId":120900,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127864404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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